He aha te Peritoneal Dialysis? Te Whāinga, Ngā Taumata/Tikanga me ngā Hua

He huarahi ngawari te peritoneal dialysis ki te horoi i tō toto ina kore e taea e ō tākihi te mahi tika. Engari ki te whakamahi i tētahi mīhini pēnei i te dialysis tuku iho, ka whakamahi tēnei maimoatanga i te arai tūturu kei roto i tō puku e kiia nei ko te peritoneum hei tātari. Ka rere tētahi wai motuhake ki roto i tō puku, ka tango i ngā para me te wai taapiri mai i tō toto, katahi ka whakahekehia, ka mau ngā paitini ki a ia.

He aha te peritoneal dialysis?

Ka mahi te peritoneal dialysis mā te huri i tō puku hei pūnaha tātari tūturu. Ko tō peritoneum he membrane angiangi, maeneene e rārangi ana i tō wāhi puku me te uhi i ō rāpoi pēnei i te paraikete whakamarumaru. He oko toto iti kei roto i tēnei membrane, e pai ana ki te tātari i ngā para mai i tō toto.

I te wā o te maimoatanga, ka noho tonu tētahi ngongo ngawari e kiia nei ko te catheter ki tō puku. Ka rere te wai dialysis mā tēnei catheter ki roto i tō wāhi puku, ka noho ki reira mō te maha o ngā hāora. Ka mahi te wai pēnei i te aukume, e kukume ana i ngā hua para me te wai nui mai i tō toto mā te membrane peritoneal.

I muri i te otinga o te tukanga horoi, ka whakahekehia e koe te wai i whakamahia mā te catheter kotahi. Ko tēnei tukanga e kiia ana ko te whakawhiti, ā, ko te nuinga o te tangata ka mahi i tēnei 3-4 ngā wā ia rā. E 30-40 meneti te roa o ia whakawhiti, e whai wāhi ana koe ki te mahi i te kāinga, i te mahi, i te wāhi rānei e pai ana.

He aha te take e mahia ana te peritoneal dialysis?

Ka tika te peritoneal dialysis ina ngaro te kaha o ō tākihi ki te tātari i ngā para me te wai nui mai i tō toto. Ko te tikanga ka tupu tēnei ina heke iho te mahi tākihi i raro i te 10-15% o te kaha noa. Ki te kore tēnei maimoatanga, ka kohikohi ngā paitini mōrearea me te wai i roto i tō tinana, ka puta he raruraru hauora nui.

Ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta i te tātai peritoneal mēnā he mate tākihi tō mutunga-wā i pā mai i te mate huka, te pēhanga toto tiketike, ētahi atu āhuatanga tākihi rānei. He maha ngā tāngata e whiriwhiri ana i tēnei momo rongoā, e hiahia ana kia nui ake te mana motuhake me te ngawari i roto i tā rātou hōtaka rongoā i te wā e haere ana ki te tātai hemodialysis.

He pai rawa tēnei rongoā mō te hunga e whakaputa ana i te mimi, he pai te kaha o te ringa, me te pai ki te whakahaere i ā rātou ake rongoā i te kāinga. He maha ngā tūroro e kite ana he pai ake te uru ki ngā hōtaka mahi, ngā kawenga whānau, me ngā mahere haerenga mai i te mea ka taea e koe te whakawhiti i ngā wāhi katoa me ngā taonga tika.

He aha te tikanga mō te tātai peritoneal?

Ka tīmata te tukanga tātai peritoneal ki te tikanga pokanga iti hei whakanoho i tō katita. Ko tēnei ngongo, tata ki te matotoru o te pene, ka kuhu ki roto i tō puku mā te tapahi iti. Ko te nuinga o te tangata ka mahi i tēnei hei tikanga tūroro-waho, ā, ka taea te hoki ki te kāinga i te rā kotahi.

E 2-3 wiki te roa o tō katita kia ora tika ai i mua i te tīmatanga o ngā rongoā tātai. I tēnei wā, ka mahi tahi koe me te nēhi tātai ki te ako me pēhea te whakahaere i ngā whakawhitinga i runga i te haumaru me te mōhio ki ngā tohu o te mate, ētahi atu raruraru rānei.

E whā ngā mahi ngāwari e whai ana i ia whakawhitinga, ka noho hei tikanga i te wā e whakangungu ana:

1. Whakawātea te wai tātai i whakamahia mai i tō puku ki roto i te pēke kohinga
2. Whakakiia tō puku ki te otinga tātai hou, horomata mā te katita
3. Tukua te wai kia noho i roto i tō puku mō te 4-6 haora i te wā e horoi ana i tō toto
4. Whakahokia te tukanga me te whakawhitinga hou

E pā ana ki te 30-40 meneti te roa o te tukanga whakawhiti katoa. I waenga i ngā whakawhitinga, ka taea e koe te haere i ō mahi noa i te wā e mahi ana te wai i tana mahi horoi i roto i tō puku.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō tātai peritoneal?

Ko te whakarite mō te horoi puku e whai ana i ngā mahi tinana me ngā mahi mātauranga hei whakarite i tō haumaru me te angitu. Mā tō rōpū hauora koe e ārahi mā roto i te whakangungu whānui, e 1-2 wiki te roa ki te whakaoti.

I mua i te tīmatanga o te rongoā, ka hiahia koe ki ētahi whakamātautau rongoā hei whakarite kia tika te horoi puku mōu. Kei roto i ēnei ko ngā whakamātautau toto hei tirotiro i tō mahi tākihi, ngā rangahau whakaahua o tō puku, me tētahi whakamātautau iti i ētahi wā hei kite i te pai o te tātari o tō kiriuhi puku i ngā para.

Anei te mea ka taea e koe te tūmanako i te wā o tō wā whakarite:

• Te ako i te horoi ringa tika me te tikanga horoi hei ārai i ngā mate
• Te whakangungu i te hono me te momotu i tō katita i runga i te haumaru
• Te māramatanga ki te ine me te tuhi i tō tango wai
• Te mōhio ki ngā tohu whakatūpato e hiahia ana ki te āwhina rongoā tonu
• Te whakarite i tētahi wāhi mā, i whakatapua i tō kāinga mō ngā whakawhitinga

Ka kōrero anō tō rōpū horoi tākihi i tō kai, ngā rongoā, me ngā whakatikatika i te oranga. Ka taea e te nuinga o te tangata te pupuri i ngā tikanga kai noa, ahakoa me mātakitaki koe i te kai pūmua me te whakaiti i ētahi kai nui i te pāhau, i te pāhare pāporo rānei.

Me pēhea te pānui i ō hua horoi puku?

Ko te māramatanga ki ō hua horoi puku ka āwhina i a koe kia noho i runga i te ara me ō whāinga rongoā. Ka mātakitaki tō rōpū hauora i ētahi inenga matua hei whakarite kia pai te mahi o tō rongoā, me te whakatika i tō tohutohu ki te hiahiatia.

Ko te inenga tino nui ko tō ōwehenga Kt/V, e whakaatu ana i te pai o te tango i ngā para e tō rongoā. Ko te whāinga hauora he 1.7 neke atu rānei i te wiki i te wā e whakakotahi ana i tō whakawātea horoi tākihi me ētahi mahi tākihi e toe ana pea.

Ka aroturuki anō tō rōpū rongoā i ēnei tohu nui:

• Te whakawātea waihanga - e ine ana i te pai o te tango i ngā hua para
• Te tango wai - e whakarite ana kei te tango koe i te nui tika o te wai nui
• Te whakamātautau taurite peritoneal - e tirotiro ana i te tere o te kawe o tō membrane i ngā para
• Ngā ia o te pēhanga toto me te taumaha - e tohu ana i te mana taurite wai
• Ngā uara taiwhanga pēnei i te pāhare pāporo, te pāhau, me ngā taumata hemoglobin

Ka arotakehia ēnei tau i ia marama i ngā haerenga ki te hōhipera. Ka huri pea tō rongoā haumanu i runga i ēnei hua, arā, ka huri pea i te kaha o tō otinga, ngā wā noho, te maha rānei o ngā whakawhitinga i ia rā.

Me pēhea te whakapai ake i tō rongoā haumanu peritoneal?

Ko te whai hua nui mai i tō rongoā haumanu peritoneal ko te whai i tō tikanga kua whakaritea, me te pupuri i ngā tikanga hauora pai. Ko ngā whiringa iti i ia rā ka whai pānga nui ki te pai o te mahi o tō rongoā.

He mea nui te piri ki tō hōtaka whakawhiti kia mau tonu ai te tango para. Ko te ngaro i ngā whakawhitinga, te whakaiti rānei i ngā wā noho ka hua te kohinga paitini me te pupuri wai. Ki te hiahia koe ki te whakatika i te wā i ētahi wā, mahi tahi me tō rōpū hauora ki te whakarereke i tō hōtaka i runga i te haumaru.

Ka taea e ēnei āhuatanga o te oranga te āwhina i te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o tō rongoā:

• Te pupuri i te kai pai me te nui o te pūmua
Te noho kaha tinana i roto i ō taumata pūngao
• Te whakahaere i te pēhanga toto me te huka toto mēnā he mate huka tōu
• Te tango i ngā rongoā kua whakaritea i ngā wā katoa
• Te pupuri i tō wāhi putanga katita kia mā, kia maroke
• Te haere ki ngā pōhiri rongoā katoa kua whakaritea

Ka taea te huri i tō tika haumanu i te roanga o te wā, nō reira ka āwhina te aroturuki i ngā wā katoa ki te kite wawe i ngā take. Ko ētahi tāngata ka hiahia ki te huri ki te hemodialysis mēnā ka iti ake te whai hua o tō rātou membrane peritoneal ki te tātari i ngā para.

He aha ngā āhuatanga tūpono mō ngā raruraru o te peritoneal dialysis?

Ahakoa te nuinga he haumaru te peritoneal dialysis, ētahi āhuatanga ka piki ake te tūponotanga o ngā raruraru. Mā te māramatanga ki ēnei āhuatanga tūpono ka āwhina i a koe me tō rōpū hauora ki te whai i ngā tikanga ārai me te aroturuki i tō maimoatanga kia tata ake.

Ko te āhuatanga tūpono nui rawa atu ko te ngoikore o te hangarau horoi i ngā whakawhitinga, ka puta pea te peritonitis - he mate i te membrane peritoneal. E pā ana tēnei raruraru nui ki te 1 i roto i te 18 tāngata ia tau, engari mā te whakangungu tika me te hangarau tupato ka tino whakaiti i tēnei tūponotanga.

He maha ngā āhuatanga hauora me ngā āhuatanga o te noho ka piki ake pea tō tūponotanga ki ngā raruraru:

• Te mate huka, ina koa me te ngoikore o te whakahaere huka toto
• Ngā pokanga puku o mua i hanga kiko kiko
• Te mate puku mumura, te pōrearea rānei
• Te pūnaha ārai mate ngoikore mai i ngā rongoā, i te mate rānei
• Te ngoikore o te ringa, ngā raruraru rānei o te tirohanga e pā ana ki te hangarau
• Te noho i ngā taiao he ngoikore te horoi

Ko te pakeke anake e kore e whakakore i a koe mai i te peritoneal dialysis, engari ka raru pea ngā pakeke ki te ngoikore o te ringa, ki te mahara rānei ki ngā tikanga uaua. Ka taea e te tautoko a te whānau, te āwhina rānei i te kāinga te āwhina ki te wikitoria i ēnei arai i runga i te haumaru.

He aha ngā raruraru ka puta mai i te peritoneal dialysis?

He pai te nuinga o te tāngata ki te peritoneal dialysis, engari pērā i ētahi atu maimoatanga hauora, ka puta pea ngā raruraru. Mā te mōhio ki ngā raruraru ka taea te āwhina i a koe ki te mōhio wawe ki ngā tohu whakatūpato me te rapu maimoatanga wawe ina hiahiatia.

Ko te peritonitis te raruraru tino nui, ka puta mai i te urunga o te huakita ki tō kōhao peritoneal me te pā mai o te mate. Ko ngā tohu wawe ko te wai dialysis pōkaikaha, te mamae o te puku, te kirika, me te whakapairuaki. Mā te maimoatanga paturopi wawe, ka oti te nuinga o ngā keehi, engari i ētahi wā ka taea e ngā mate nui te kino i tō membrane peritoneal.

Ko ētahi atu raruraru me mōhio koe ko:

• Ngā mate e pā ana ki te kātere i te wāhi puta i tō kiri
• Ngā aukati kātere mai i ngā pūhui fibrin, i ngā raruraru tūnga rānei
• Te pupuri wai mēnā kāore tō rongoā e tango ana i te nui o te wai
• Ngā hernias mai i te pēhanga puku nui i ngā whakawhitinga
• Te mamae o te tuara mai i te taumaha o te wai dialysis i tō puku
• Te ngaronga haere o te mahi membrane peritoneal i te roanga o te wā

Ko te nuinga o ngā raruraru ka taea te rongoā inā kitea wawe. Ka ako tō rōpū hauora i a koe i ngā tohu whakatūpato hei mātakitaki me te whakarato tohutohu mārama mō te wā hei karanga āwhina. Ko ngā whakaritenga aroturuki auau ka āwhina i te kite i ngā raruraru i mua i te pōroha.

Āhea au e kite ai i te tākuta mō ngā āwangawanga dialysis peritoneal?

Ko te mōhio ki te wā hei whakapā atu ki tō rōpū hauora ka ārai i ngā take iti kia kore e pōroha. Me whakarato tō pokapū dialysis i ngā kōrero whakapā 24-haora mō ngā āwangawanga ohorere e kore e taea te tatari kia tae rā anō ki ngā hāora pakihi auau.

Waea atu ki tō tākuta tonu mēnā ka kite koe i te wai dialysis pūkohukohu e puta ana i te whakawhitinga, he tohu pinepine tēnei i te peritonitis. Ko ētahi atu tohu ohorere ko te mamae puku nui, te kirika i runga ake i te 100.4°F, i ngā tohu rānei o te mate kātere pēnei i te whero, te pūpū, i te pūhi rānei huri noa i tō wāhi puta.

Whakapā atu ki tō rōpū hauora i te wā tonu mō ēnei tohu āwangawanga:

• Te uaua ki te whakaheke i te wai dialysis, i te tango wai rānei
• Te mamae puku rerekē, i te kōpū rānei i ngā whakawhitinga
• Te pikinga o te taumaha ohorere, i te pūpū rānei i ō waewae, i tō mata rānei
• Te whakapairuaki tonu, te ruaki, i te ngaronga rānei o te hiahia
• Te poto o te manawa, i te mamae rānei o te uma
• Te kino o te kātere, i te momotu ohorere rānei

Kaua e whakaroa ki te waea mai me ngā pātai, āwangawanga rānei, ahakoa he mea iti noa iho. He pai ake ki tō rōpū taiwhanga te whakatika i ngā take iti i te wā wawe, i te aro ki ngā raruraru nui i muri mai. Mā te kōrero auau ka āwhina i tō maimoatanga kia tika tonu.

Ngā pātai e pātai pinepine ana mō te taiwhanga puku

Q1: He whai hua te taiwhanga puku pērā i te taiwhanga toto?

Ka taea e te taiwhanga puku te whai hua pērā i te taiwhanga toto ina mahia tika ana, ā, i te wā katoa. E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau he rite ngā reiti oranga i waenga i ngā maimoatanga e rua, ina koa i ngā tau tuatahi. Ko te mea nui ko te whai i tō hōtaka kua whakaritea, me te pupuri i te tikanga pai.

E mahi tonu ana, e ngawari ana te taiwhanga puku, ā, ki ētahi tāngata he māmā ake tēnei ki tō rātou tinana i ngā huringa wai tere o te taiwhanga toto. Heoi, kei runga i ngā mea pēnei i tō mahi whatukuhu e toe ana, te pai o te tātari o tō kiri puku i ngā para, me tō kaha ki te mahi tika i ngā whakawhitinga.

Q2: Ka taea e au te haere i te wā e mahi ana i te taiwhanga puku?

Āe, ka taea e koe te haere me te taiwhanga puku, ahakoa me whakamahere i mua, me te mahi tahi me tō pokapū taiwhanga. He maha ngā tūroro e kite ana i tēnei ngāwari ko tētahi o ngā painga nui o te taiwhanga puku ki te taiwhanga toto i te pokapū.

Ka taea e tō rōpū taiwhanga te whakarite kia tukuna ngā taonga ki tō ūnga, ā, ka āwhina rānei i a koe ki te kimi i ngā pokapū taiwhanga ka taea te tautoko i te wā o tō haerenga. Me pōkai koe i ngā taonga horoi i te āta, me te pupuri i tō hōtaka whakawhiti i te wā e haere ana.

Q3: Kia pēhea te roa e noho ana au i runga i te taiwhanga puku?

Ka taea e te nuinga o te tāngata te noho i runga i te taiwhanga puku mō te 5-7 tau, ahakoa ka angitu tonu ētahi mō te wā roa ake. Ko te mea nui e aukati ana ko te nuinga o ngā huringa haere i roto i tō kiri puku e kore ai e whai hua ki te tātari i ngā para i te wā.

Ka aroturukihia e tō rōpū hauora te whai huatanga o tō rongoā i ngā wā katoa, ā, ka kōrerohia ngā kōwhiringa mēnā ka iti ake te whai hua o te horoi puku. Ko ētahi tāngata ka neke atu ki te hemodialysis, ā, ko ētahi atu ka tū hei kaitono mō te whakawhitinga whatukuhu.

Q4: Ka pā te horoi puku ki taku hiahia me te taumaha?

Ka pā te horoi puku ki tō hiahia me tō taumaha i ētahi huarahi. Kei roto i te otinga horoi te huka e ngāwari ana tō tinana, ā, ka whai wāhi tēnei ki te pikinga taumaha, ā, ka whakaiti pea i tō hiakai i ngā wā kai.

He tokomaha ngā tāngata e kite ana ka pai ake tō rātou hiahia i te wā e tīmata ana rātou ki te horoi, nā te mea i hanga ai te pūmua paitini i a rātou e kore e pai. Mā te mahi tahi me tētahi kaiwhakarato kai whatukuhu e āwhina ana i a koe ki te taurite i ō hiahia kai i te wā e whakahaere ana i ngā huringa taumaha mai i te rongoā.

Q5: Ka taea e au te mahi i te wā e horoi puku ana au?

Ka taea e te nuinga o ngā tāngata te haere tonu ki te mahi i te wā e horoi puku ana, ina koa ka taea e rātou te whakarite i te wātea ngāwari mō ngā whakawhitinga. Ko te kawea o te rongoā me te wā poto e hāngai ana ki te ringa ka pai ki te maha o ngā taiao mahi.

Me kōrero pea koe i ngā whakaritenga me tō kaituku mahi, pērā i te uru atu ki tētahi wāhi mā, tūmataiti mō ngā whakawhitinga, i ngā wā whakatā ngāwari rānei. He tokomaha ngā tūroro e kite ana ka taea e te horoi puku te pupuri i ngā wā mahi noa atu i te hemodialysis i te pokapū.