He aha te Spirometry? Te Whāinga, te Hātepe me ngā Hua

Ko te Spirometry he whakamātautau manawa māmā e ine ana i te nui o te hau ka taea e koe te hā mai me te hā atu, me te tere o tō mahi. Whakaarohia he whakamātautau whakapakari tinana mō ō pūkahukahu - ka āwhina i ngā tākuta ki te mārama ki te pai o te mahi a tō pūnaha manawa me te mōrearea pea o ngā take e pā ana ki tō manawa.

He aha te spirometry?

Ko te Spirometry he whakamātautau mahi pūkahukahu kāore he mamae e ine ana i tō kaha manawa me te rere o te hau. I te wā o te whakamātautau, ka hā koe ki roto i tētahi taputapu e kīia ana he spirometer, e rēhita ana i ngā kōrero taipitopito mō te mahi o ō pūkahukahu.

Ko te whakamātautau e arotahi ana ki ngā inenga e rua: te nui o te hau ka taea e ō pūkahukahu te pupuri me te tere o tō pana i taua hau ki waho. Ko ēnei tau e āwhina ana i ngā tākuta ki te kite wawe i ngā raruraru manawa me te aroturuki i te pai o te mahi o ngā rongoā i te roanga o te wā.

Ko te nuinga o te tangata e kite ana he tika, he pai hoki te spirometry. Ko te katoa o te hātepe e pā ana ki te 15-30 meneti, ā, ka taea e koe te haere tonu i tō rā noa tonu i muri mai.

He aha te take e mahia ana te spirometry?

E tūtohu ana ngā tākuta i te spirometry hei tātai i ngā āhuatanga manawa, hei aroturuki i ngā raruraru pūkahukahu e noho ana, me te tirotiro i te pai o te mahi o ngā rongoā. Koinei tētahi o ngā huarahi tino pono ki te whai whakaahua mārama mō te hauora o ō pūkahukahu.

Mēnā kei te pā ki a koe ngā tohumate pēnei i te poto o te manawa, te mare tonu, te pōkae o te uma, ka taea e te spirometry te āwhina ki te tautuhi i te take. He tino whai hua te whakamātautau mō te kite i ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te huangō, te mate pūkahukahu aukati mau tonu (COPD), me ētahi atu raruraru manawa.

Ka tono pea tō tākuta i te spirometry hei wāhanga o te arowhai hauora, ina koa kei a koe ngā āhuatanga mōrearea mō te mate pūkahukahu. Kei roto i ēnei ko te hītori o te kai paipa, te pānga ki ngā matū i te wāhi mahi, he hītori whānau rānei o ngā āhuatanga manawa.

I ētahi wā ka mahia te spirometry i mua i te pokanga kia mōhio ai he pai te hauora o ō pūkahukahu mō te anethesia. He āwhina hoki mō te aroturuki i te pai o te whakahaere a ngā rongoā i ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te huangō, te COPD rānei.

He aha te tikanga mō te spirometry?

He tika tonu te tikanga spirometry, ā, ka mahia i roto i te tari o tō tākuta, i tētahi whare whakamātautau motuhake rānei. Ka noho pai koe i tētahi tūru i te wā e ārahi ana tētahi tohunga hangarau whakangungu i a koe i roto i te tukanga katoa.

Tuatahi, ka whakatakotoria e te tohunga hangarau tētahi topenga ngohengohe ki tō ihu kia mōhio ai ka haere te hau katoa mā tō waha i te wā o te whakamātautau. Muri iho, ka whakatakotoria ō ngutu ki te waha horoi e hono ana ki te mīhini spirometer.

Koinei ngā mea ka pā i te wā o ngā whakamātautau manawa:

1. Ka hāpai koe i te manawa hōhonu rawa atu ka taea, ka whakaki katoa i ō pūkahukahu
2. Muri iho ka pupuhi koe i te hau i te kaha me te tere ka taea mō te wā roa ka taea
3. Ka tohutohu te tohunga hangarau i a koe i roto i ia manawa, ka hoatu ngā tohutohu mārama
4. Ka tōtōia e koe tēnei tukanga i ētahi wā kia mōhio ai he tika ngā hua
5. I ētahi wā ka mahia e koe ngā whakamātautau manawa pōturi, tū tika hoki mō ngā inenga atu

Ka whakahihiri te tohunga hangarau i a koe i te wā o te whakamātautau, ā, ka tono pea koe ki te whakamātau i ētahi wā kia whiwhi ai i tō kaha pai. Kaua e māharahara ki te pōuri koe - he mea noa tēnei, ā, ka tere te pahemo.

I ētahi wā, ka hiahia tō tākuta ki te kite i te urupare o ō pūkahukahu ki te rongoā. Mēnā pērā, ka whakamahi koe i tētahi inhaler, ā, ka tōtōia te whakamātautau spirometry i muri i te 15 meneti pea kia whakatairite i ngā hua.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō whakamātautau spirometry?

He māmā te whakarite mō te spirometry, engari mā te whai i ētahi aratohu ka āwhina i te mōhio he tika rawa ngā hua. Ka hoatu e te tari o tō tākuta ngā tohutohu motuhake ki a koe, engari koinei ngā mahi whakarite whānui.

I te rā o tō whakamātautau, mau kākahu whānui, mārie hoki, e kore e aukati i tō manawa. Kaua e mau whitiki kikī, kākahu aukati, ētahi rānei mea e uaua ai te hōhonu o tō manawa.

Ka tono pea tō tākuta kia whakamutua ētahi rongoā i mua i te whakamātautau. Mā ēnei whakaritenga e mōhio ai ngā hua e whakaatu ana i te mahi tūturu o ō pūkahukahu:

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• Kaua e whakamahi i ngā inhaler whakaora mō te 4-6 haora i mua i te whakamātautau
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• Kaua e whakamahi i ngā bronchodilators roa mō te 12-24 haora i mua
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• Kaua e kai kawhe, ā, kaua e paowa mō te 4 haora i mua
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• Kai i te kai māmā i mua i tō whakaritenga
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• Haere tonu te tango i ō rongoā auau ki te kore e kī mai
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Me mōhio ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora mō ngā rongoā katoa me ngā tāpiringa e tango ana koe. Mā rātou koe e āwhina ki te hanga i tētahi mahere haumaru mō tō āhuatanga motuhake.

Whakamātau ki te tae atu ki tō whakaritenga e pūmau ana, e okioki ana. Ki te mea he makariri tō, he kirika, he mate manawa rānei, he pai ake te whakarite anō i te whakamātautau mō te wā e tino pai ana koe.

Me pēhea te pānui i ō hua spirometry?

Ka māmā ake te māramatanga ki ō hua spirometry ina mōhio koe ki te tikanga o ngā tau matua. Ka whakamārama tō tākuta i ō hua motuhake, engari koinei te mea e kōrero ana ngā inenga matua mō te mahi o ō pūkahukahu.

Ko ngā inenga e rua tino nui ko FEV1 me FVC. Ko te FEV1 e tū ana mō te

• 80% neke atu rānei o ngā uara i tohutohutia: Mahi pūkahukahu noa
• 70-79% o ngā uara i tohutohutia: He iti te heke o te mahi pūkahukahu
• 60-69% o ngā uara i tohutohutia: He heke āhua
• 50-59% o ngā uara i tohutohutia: He heke tino nui
• I raro i te 50% o ngā uara i tohutohutia: He tino nui te heke o te mahi pūkahukahu

He mea nui hoki te ōwehenga i waenga i te FEV1 me te FVC. Ko te ōwehenga noa he 0.75 neke atu rānei, ko te tikanga ka taea e koe te pupuhi i te 75% neke atu rānei o tō kaha pūkahukahu i te hēkona tuatahi.

Ka titiro tō tākuta ki ēnei tau katoa, me ō tohu me tō hītori hauora, kia whai pikitia katoa mō tō hauora pūkahukahu. Kia mahara he whakaahua noa te whakamātautau kotahi - ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta kia whakamātautau anō kia aroturuki i ngā huringa i roto i te wā.

Me pēhea te whakapai ake i ō hua spirometry?

Ahakoa e kore e taea e koe te huri i tō kaha pūkahukahu tūturu, he maha ngā huarahi hei whakapai ake i tō mahi pūkahukahu me te whakapai ake i ō hua spirometry i roto i te wā. Ko te mea nui ko te arotahi ki te hauora manawa katoa me te whai i te mahere maimoatanga a tō tākuta.

Mēnā e kai paipa ana koe, ko te whakamutu te mahi tino nui ka taea e koe mō tō hauora pūkahukahu. Ahakoa kua roa koe e kai paipa ana, ka tīmata ō pūkahukahu ki te whakaora me te mahi pai ake i roto i ngā wiki i muri i te whakamutu.

Ka taea e te whakakori tinana i ngā wā katoa te whakapai ake i tō mahi pūkahukahu me te pai o te manawa. He tino whai hua ēnei mahi mō tō hauora manawa:

• Te hīkoi, te kauhoe, te eke paihikara rānei mō te oranga ngākau
• Ngā mahi manawa me ngā tikanga pēnei i te manawa diaphragmatic
• Yoga, tai chi rānei mō te whakahaere manawa me te whakangā
• Te waiata, te tākaro rānei i ngā taonga whakatangi hau hei whakakaha i ngā uaua manawa
• Ngā hōtaka whakahou pūkahukahu mēnā ka tūtohutia e tō tākuta

He mea nui te tango i ō rongoā kua whakaritea kia rite tonu ki ngā tohutohu mō te whakahaere i ngā mate pēnei i te huango, te COPD rānei. Kaua e wareware i ngā horopeta, kaua rānei e whakamutu i ngā rongoā me te kore e kōrero tuatahi ki tō tākuta.

Mā te karo i ngā mea e riri ana i te manawa ka āwhina hoki i te tiaki i te mahi o ō pūkahukahu. Kei roto i tēnei ko te noho tawhiti atu i te auahi tuarua, ngā kohu matū kaha, me te parahanga hau i te wā e taea ana.

Mēnā he pānga tō, mā te whakahaere i aua mea i te whai hua ka whakaiti i te mumura i roto i ō ara rererangi me te whakapai ake i tō manawa. Ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta i ngā rongoā pānga, ka whakaaro rānei i ngā huarahi hei karo i ō mea whakaoho motuhake.

He aha ngā āhuatanga tūpono mō ngā hua spirometry rereke?

He maha ngā āhuatanga ka whakanui ake i tō tūponotanga ki te whai hua spirometry rereke, ā, mā te māramatanga ki ēnei ka āwhina i a koe ki te mahi i ngā mahi hei tiaki i te hauora o ō pūkahukahu. Ko ētahi āhuatanga tūpono ka taea e koe te whakahaere, i te wā e noho ana ētahi atu hei wāhanga o tō hanganga tūturu.

Ko te pōhēhē te āhuatanga tūpono nui rawa atu ka taea te whakahaere mō te mahi pūkahukahu kino. Kei roto i tēnei ko ngā hikareti, ngā hikareti roa, ngā paipa, me te pānga auahi tuarua i ngā tau maha.

Ka pā kaha hoki ngā pānga taiao me ngā pānga mahi ki tō hauora pūkahukahu i te roanga o te wā. E tika ana kia aro nui ki ēnei āhuatanga tūpono:

• Te pānga wā-roa ki te puehu, ngā matū, rānei ngā kohu i te mahi
• Te noho i ngā wāhi e nui ana te parahanga hau
• Te pānga ki te asbestos, te silica, rānei ētahi atu matū kino
• Te parahanga hau o roto i ngā umu tahu rākau, i te hau rānei e kore e pai te rere
• Ngā mate manawa auau i te wā tamarikitanga

Ko ētahi āhuatanga tūpono kei tua atu i tō mana, engari he mea nui tonu kia mōhio. Ko te hītori o te whānau mō ngā mate pūkahukahu pēnei i te huango, te COPD, rānei te pulmonary fibrosis ka whakanui ake i tō tūponotanga.

Ka pā noa te pakeke ki te mahi pūkahukahu - i muri i te 25 tau pea, ka heke haere te kaha o te pūkahukahu i te iti o te nui i ia tau. He mea noa tēnei, engari ko ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te COPD ka tere ake tēnei hekenga.

Ka pānga hoki ētahi āhuatanga hauora ki ngā hua o tō spirometry. Kei roto i ēnei ko te mate ngākau, ngā hē o te pakitara o te pouaka, ngā mate neuromuscular, me ngā mate pūkahukahu o mua, ngā wharanga rānei.

He aha ngā raruraru ka puta mai i ngā hua spirometry iti?

Ko ngā hua spirometry iti e tohu ana i ngā āhuatanga pūkahukahu e huna ana, ki te kore e rongoatia, ka puta mai ngā raruraru rerekē. Mā te māramatanga ki ēnei take ka āwhina i a koe ki te mahi tahi me tō rōpū hauora mō te rongoā me te whakahaere.

Ka uaua ake ngā mahi o ia rā i te roanga o te wā mā te iti o te mahi o te pūkahukahu. Ka kite pea koe i te poto o te manawa i te piki i ngā arawhata, i te hikoi i ngā tawhiti roa, i ngā mahi o ia rā.

Ki te tino pōrearea te mahi o te pūkahukahu, kāore pea tō tinana e whiwhi hāora nui i te wā o te mahi tinana, i te okiokinga rānei. Ka puta mai i tēnei ētahi raruraru e pā ana:

• Te piki o te tūponotanga o ngā mate manawa pēnei i te pūkahukahu
• Te pōrearea o te ngākau i te kaha ki te pōmpu i te toto mā ngā pūkahukahu kua pakaru
• Te iti o te manawanui i te mahi me te oranga tinana
• Ngā raruraru moe nā te uaua o te manawa
• Te āwangawanga, te pōuri rānei e pā ana ki ngā here o te manawa

I ngā wā tino kino, ka taea e te iti o te mahi o te pūkahukahu te ahu whakamua ki te rahunga manawa, kāore e taea e ngā pūkahukahu te whakarato hāora nui, te tango rānei i te waro hauhā nui mai i te toto. He āhuatanga nui tēnei e hiahia ana kia aro mai te rongoā tonu.

Ko ētahi tāngata e tino iti ana te mahi o te pūkahukahu ka hiahia pea ki te rongoā hāora hei pupuri i ngā taumata hāora e tika ana i roto i ō rātou toto. Ahakoa te ahua whakamataku, ka taea e te rongoā hāora te āwhina i a koe kia kaha ake, kia pai ake.

Ko te rongo pai, mā te rongoā me te whakahaere tika, he maha o ēnei raruraru ka taea te ārai, te whakaroa rānei. Mā te kimi wawe mā te whakamātautau spirometry ka taea te wawaotanga i te wā tika, me te pai ake o ngā hua i te wā roa.

Āhea au e kite ai i te tākuta mō te spirometry?

Me whakaaro koe ki te pātai ki tō tākuta mō te spirometry mēnā kei te pā koe i ngā tohumate manawa e mau tonu ana, he āhuatanga tūpono rānei mō te mate pūkahukahu. Mā te whakamātautau wawe ka taea te hopu i ngā raruraru i mua i te pōroha ake.

Mēnā kei te uaua koe ki te manawa, he mea nui kia kaua e wareware i ēnei tohumate. Ko te poto o te manawa e mau tonu ana, inā rā i ngā mahi i mua i a koe i te mahi ngāwari, me arotake mā te spirometry.

Enei tohumate e whakaatu ana he wā pea ki te kōrero mō te whakamātautau spirometry ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora:

• Te maremare mau tonu e roa atu ana i te wiki ruarua
• Te poto o te manawa i ngā mahi noa
• Te whē, te tangi rānei i te wā e manawa ana koe
• Te pōroha o te uma, te āhua rānei kare e nui te hau
• Ngā mate manawa e auau ana
• Te ngenge e pā ana pea ki ngā raruraru manawa

Ahakoa kāore ō tohumate, ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta i te spirometry mēnā he āhuatanga tūpono nui ōu. He pono tēnei mēnā he kai paipa koe, he kaimahi rānei i tētahi taiao e pōroha ana i ngā pūkahukahu, he hītori whānau rānei mō te mate pūkahukahu.

Mēnā kua tāutuhia koe ki tētahi āhuatanga pūkahukahu pērā i te huangō, te COPD rānei, mā te whakamātautau spirometry i ngā wā katoa ka āwhina i tō tākuta ki te aroturuki i tō āhuatanga me te whakatika i ngā rongoā e hiahiatia ana. Kaua e tatari kia kino ake ngā tohumate - he mea nui te aroturuki ārai.

Whakapono ki ō whakatakoto whakaaro mō tō manawa. Mēnā he rerekē, he pātai rānei tētahi mea, he pai ake tonu te tirotiro. Ka taea e tō tākuta te āwhina ki te whakatau mēnā he tika te spirometry mō tō āhuatanga.

Ngā pātai e pātai pinepine ana mō te spirometry

Q.1 He pai te whakamātautau spirometry mō te tātaritanga huango?

Āe, he pai te spirometry mō te tātaritanga huango, ā, e kiia ana ko tētahi o ngā whakamātautau tino pono mō tēnei āhuatanga. Ka taea e ia te whakaatu i te tauira motuhake o te aukati i te ara rererangi e pai ake ana i te rongoā bronchodilator.

I te wā o te whakamātautau, ko te hunga e mate ana i te huango te tikanga ka whakaatu i te hekenga o te rere o te hau e pai ake ana i muri i te whakamahi i te inhaler. Ko tēnei huringa he āhuatanga nui e āwhina ana i ngā tākuta ki te wehe i te huango mai i ētahi atu āhuatanga manawa.

Q.2 Ka pā te āwangawanga i ngā hua spirometry iti?

Kāore ngā hua spirometry iti e pā tika ana i te āwangawanga, engari ka taea e rātou te whai wāhi ki ngā kare o te māharahara, te pēhanga rānei mō tō hauora. He mea māori noa te āwangawanga i te wā e ako ana koe mō te hekenga o te mahi pūkahukahu.

Heoi anō, ko ngā uaua manawa anō ka pā te tohu āwangawanga, ka waihanga i tētahi huringa e kino ake ai te raruraru i te māharahara mō te manawa. Ko te mahi tahi me tō rōpū hauora i ngā āhuatanga tinana me ngā āhuatanga kare-ā-roto o ngā āhuatanga pūkahukahu ka tino whai hua.

Q.3 Ka taea e te spirometry te kite i te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu?

Kāore e taea e te spirometry te kite tika i te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu, nā te mea e ine ana i te mahi pūkahukahu, kaua ki te rapu puku, te tipu rānei. Heoi anō, ka whakaatu pea i te hekenga o te mahi pūkahukahu mēnā he nui rawa te puku ki te aukati i ngā ara rererangi, ki te pā rānei i te manawa.

Mēnā e whakapae ana tō tākuta i te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu, ka tono rātou i ētahi whakamātautau rerekē pēnei i te hihi-X o te pouaka, te CT scans, ētahi atu rangahau whakaahua rānei. He pai ake te spirometry mō te tātaritanga i ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te huango, te COPD, ētahi atu raruraru pūkahukahu mahi.

Q.4 Kia pēhea te auau o taku whakamātau i te spirometry?

Ko te auau o te whakamātau spirometry e whakawhirinaki ana ki tō āhuatanga takitahi me ngā āhuatanga pūkahukahu kei a koe. Mō te hunga e mate ana i te huango, i te COPD rānei, ka tūtohu ngā tākuta kia whakamātau i ia 6-12 marama ki te aroturuki i te āhuatanga.

Ki te kei te rongoā koe mō tētahi āhua o te pūkahukahu, tō tākuta pea e hiahia ana i ngā whakamātautau auau ake kia kite i te pai o te mahi o tō rongoā. Mō te tātari hauora whānui i ngā tāngata whai mōrearea nui, te whakamātautau i ngā tau ruarua pea e tika ana.

Q.5 He mōrearea, he pānga taha rānei nō te spirometry?

He tino haumaru te Spirometry, he iti noa iho ngā mōrearea mō te nuinga o te tāngata. Ko ngā pānga taha tino noa he wā poto, he ngawari, pērā i te paku mōrearea, te māmā rānei i muri i ngā mahi whakangā kaha.

Ka pāngia pea e ētahi tāngata te mare poto, te ngenge rānei i muri i te whakamātautau, engari ka ngaro ēnei pānga i roto i ngā meneti. I ngā wā onge, ka pā te whakamātautau i ngā uaua whakangā i ngā tāngata whai mate hā nui, engari e mōhio ana ngā tohunga whakangungu ki te whakahaere i ēnei āhuatanga i te haumaru.