He aha te whakamātautau DNA i te tūtae? Te Whāinga, Ngā Taumata/Tikanga me ngā Hua

He taputapu tātari noa te whakamātautau DNA i te tūtae e rapu ana i ngā huringa ira me ngā tohu toto i roto i tō tauira tūtae e tohu ana i te mate pukupuku colorectal, i ngā tipu i mua i te mate pukupuku rānei. Ka taea e koe te kohikohi i te tauira i te kāinga mā te whakamahi i tētahi kete motuhake, he huarahi watea ki ngā tikanga tātari whakaraerae ake pēnei i te colonoscopy.

E mahi ana tēnei whakamātautau mā te kite i ngā tauira DNA rereke e marara ana e ngā pūtau mate pukupuku me ngā polyps nui ki roto i tō tūtae. Ko te putanga tino noa e kiia ana ko Cologuard, e whakakotahi ana i te whakamātautau DNA me te whakamātautau mō te toto huna hei whakaatu i tētahi pikitia mārama ake mō te hauora o tō kōpū.

He aha te whakamātautau DNA i te tūtae?

E tirotiro ana te whakamātautau DNA i te tūtae i tō nekehanga whekau mō ngā tohu microscopic o ngā rauemi ira e kore e tika kia noho i reira. Ka noho mate pukupuku ngā pūtau i roto i tō kōpū, ka tipu rānei ki ngā polyps nui, ka tuku rātou i te DNA rereke, i ētahi wā he iti te toto ki roto i tō ara kūnatu.

Ka mau te whakamātautau i ēnei tohu whakatūpato i mua i te kite i ō tohu. I hangaia motuhake mō ngā tāngata kei te tūpono noa ki te mate pukupuku colorectal, ko te nuinga o te hunga 45 tau, neke atu rānei, kāore he hītori whānau, he tohu whaiaro rānei.

Whakaarohia he kaitirotiro ngota e kite ana i te raru e pū ana i roto i tō kōpū. E rapu ana te whakamātautau i ngā huringa ira motuhake e kitea ana i roto i ngā mate pukupuku colorectal, me te tirotiro hoki i te hemoglobin, e tohu ana i te toto e kore e kitea e ō kanohi.

He aha te take e mahia ai te whakamātautau DNA i te tūtae?

Ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta i tēnei whakamātautau hei wāhanga o te tātari mate pukupuku colorectal, ina koa kāore koe e pai ki te haere i te colonoscopy. He wāhi waenga whai hua i waenga i ngā whakamātautau toto-i-tūtae noa me ngā tikanga whakaraerae ake.

Ko te whāinga matua he hopu i te mate pukupuku kōpū nui i te wā e taea ana te rongoa, te kimi rānei i ngā pōipoipo nui i mua i te pūngāwerewere. E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau, i te wā e kitea wawe ana te mate pukupuku kōpū nui, ka neke ake i te 90 ōrau te reiti oranga mō te rima tau.

He mea tino whai hua tēnei tātari mēnā he āwangawanga koe mō te whakarite mō te kōronokōpi, te whakamaimoa, te wā rānei e kore ai koe e mahi. Ka taea e koe te whakahaere i tō tātari hauora mai i te whakamarie o tō kāinga i te wā e whiwhi tonu ana koe i ngā hua pono.

He aha te tikanga mō te whakamātautau DNA tai?

Ka tīmata te tikanga i te wā e tono ana tō tākuta i te whakamātautau, ka tae mai he kete kohikohi ki tō kāinga. Ka whiwhi koe i ngā tohutohu taipitopito, ngā ipu kohikohi, me ngā rauemi kaipuke kua utua i mua hei tuku i tō tauira ki te taiwhanga.

Anei te mea ka taea e koe te tūmanako i te wā o te tukanga kohikohi:

1. Kohikohia he nekehanga pūwero katoa i roto i te ipu i whakaratohia
2. Whakamahia te pūwero motuhake hei kohikohi tauira mai i ngā wāhi rerekē o te tai
3. Whakanohohia te tauira ki roto i te otinga whakakao i roto i te kete
4. Hīra katoa i runga i ngā tohutohu
5. Tukuna te tauira ki te taiwhanga i roto i te wā i tohua

He meneti noa iho te katoa o te tukanga. He maha ngā tāngata e kite ana he tika tonu, he iti ake te ahotea i te whakarite mō ētahi atu whakamātautau tātari.

Ka tātarihia e ngā tohunga taiwhanga tō tauira mā te whakamahi i te hangarau raupapa DNA matatau. Ko te tikanga ka tae mai ngā hua i roto i te kotahi ki te rua wiki i muri i te whiwhinga o te taiwhanga i tō tauira.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō whakamātautau DNA tai?

He māmā te whakarite mō tēnei whakamātautau i te whakataurite ki ētahi atu tikanga tātari kōpū nui. Kāore koe e hiahia ki te whai i ngā kai motuhake, ki te whakamutu i ngā rongoā, ki te huri rānei i ō tikanga kai i mua i te kohikohi i tō tauira.

Heoi anō, he mea nui te wā mō ngā hua tino tika. Kohia tō tauira mai i te nekehanga pūwero e puta noa ana, kaua mai i te whakamahi i ngā rongoā whakakaha, i ngā enema rānei, ka raru pea ēnei i te tika o te whakamātautau.

Me mōhio kei a koe tētahi ipu mā, maroke hei hopu i tō tauira tūtae. He maha ngā tāngata e kite ana he āwhina te whakatakoto i te takai kirihou ki runga i te peihana wharepaku, te whakamahi rānei i tētahi ipu mō te whakamahi kotahi hei māmā ake te kohi.

Kaua e kohi tauira i te wā o te paheketanga, nā te mea ka pā te toto mai i taua pūtake ki ngā hua. Ki te pā ana koe i te korere, kua tango rānei koe i ngā paturopi i tēnei wā tata, kōrerohia te wā tika me tō tākuta.

Me pēhea te pānui i tō whakamātautau DNA tūtae?

Ka hoki mai ngā hua o tō whakamātautau DNA tūtae hei pai, hei kino rānei, he mea māmā ki te māramatanga. Ko te hua kino te tikanga kāore te whakamātautau i kite i ngā taumata e pā ana ki te DNA rereke, ki te toto rānei i tō tauira.

Ko te hua pai e tohu ana i kite te whakamātautau i ngā huringa ira, i te toto rānei e tika ana kia tirotirohia anō. Kāore tēnei e kī ana he mate pukupuku tō, engari e kī ana me whakamātautau anō koe, te nuinga he kōronokōpi, hei whakatau he aha te take o ēnei kitenga.

He tata ki te 92% te reiti kitenga o te whakamātautau mō ngā mate pukupuku pūwero me te tata ki te 69% mō ngā pōripa nui ka huri hei mate pukupuku. Heoi anō, i ētahi wā ka puta ngā hua pai teka, te tikanga ka kite i ngā āhuatanga rereke ka puta he mea kore kino.

Ka whakamāramahia e tō tākuta ō hua motuhake, ka kōrero anō mō ngā mahi e whai ake nei i runga i tō āhuatanga takitahi. Ka whakaarohia hoki e rātou ō tohumate, te hītori o te whānau, me te hauora whānui i te wā e whakamārama ana i ō hua.

Me pēhea te whakatika i tō taumata whakamātautau DNA tūtae?

Kāore e taea e koe te

Mēnā he pai te hua o tō whakamātautau, ko te mahi tino nui ko te whai i ngā whakamātautau atu e tūtohu ana tō tākuta. Ko te tikanga o tēnei ko te whakarite i tētahi kōronōkōpi kia kite tika i tō kōrona me te whakatau he aha te take i ngā kitenga rereke.

Mō te hauora kōrona wā-roa, whakaarohia ēnei huarahi oranga e āwhina ana ki te whakaiti i tō tūponotanga:

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• Kai i te nui o ngā kai whai muka pēnei i ngā hua, huawhenua, me ngā kānga katoa
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• Whakawhāiti i te kai o ngā mīti tukatuka me te mīti whero
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• Whakakorikori tinana i ngā wā katoa kia noho hauora ai tō pūnaha kūnatu
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• Kaua e paowa, me te whakawhāiti i te inu waipiro
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• Kia mau ki te taumaha hauora
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E tautoko ana ēnei tikanga i te hauora kūnatu whānui, ā, ka āwhina pea ki te ārai i te whanaketanga o ngā pōripa me te mate pukupuku kōrona. Heoi, kāore e taea e rātou te huri i te hua whakamātautau kua tukatukahia kē.

He aha te taumata whakamātautau DNA kūtae pai rawa atu?

Kāore te whakamātautau DNA kūtae e ine i ngā taumata i roto i te tikanga tuku iho, nō reira kāore he taumata

He maha ngā āhuatanga ka piki ake te tūponotanga ki te whai hua whakamātautau DNA tūtae koretake. Ko te pakeke te āhuatanga tūpono nui rawa atu, ko te nuinga o ngā mate pukupuku colorectal ka puta i roto i ngā tāngata neke atu i te 50 tau, ahakoa e tūtohu ana ngā aratohu i te tirotiro mai i te 45 tau.

He wāhi nui tō hītori whānau i roto i tō kōtaha tūpono. Ko te whai mātua, teina, tuahine, tamariki rānei e mate ana i te mate pukupuku colorectal ka piki ake te tūponotanga ki te whakawhanake i te mate i a koe anō, ka hua pea he hua whakamātautau pai.

Anei ngā āhuatanga tūpono nui ka whai wāhi ki ngā hua koretake:

• Hītori whaiaro o ngā polyps colorectal, te mate puku mumura rānei
• Ngā pūtaiao ira pēnei i te mate a Lynch, te familial adenomatous polyposis rānei
• He kai nui i ngā mīti tukatuka me te iti o te muka
• Te kai paipa me te nui o te inu waipiro
• Te momomo me te noho noa
• Te mate huka momo 2

Ko te māramatanga ki ēnei āhuatanga tūpono ka āwhina i a koe me tō tākuta ki te whakatau i ngā hōtaka tirotiro tika me te whakamāori i ngā hua i roto i te horopaki. Heoi, ka taea e te mate pukupuku colorectal te whakawhanake i roto i ngā tāngata kāore he āhuatanga tūpono, koinei te take he mea nui tonu te tirotiro i ngā wā katoa mō te katoa.

He pai ake te whai hua whakamātautau DNA tūtae teitei, iti rānei?

E whakaatu ana tēnei pātai i te kore māramatanga noa mō te mahi o ngā whakamātautau DNA tūtae. Kāore i rite ki ngā whakamātautau toto e ine ana i ngā taumata o ngā matū i roto i tō tinana, ka whai hua pai, kino rānei ngā whakamātautau DNA tūtae i runga i te kitea e rātou ngā tohu ira motuhake me ngā tohu toto.

Ko te hua kino te mea e hiahia ana koe ki te whiwhi. Ko te tikanga kāore te whakamātautau i kite i ngā taumata e pā ana ki te DNA koretake, te toto huna rānei i roto i tō tauira, e whakaatu ana he hauora tō kōrere i te wā o te whakamātautau.

Kāore te hua pai e tika ana kia "tiketike", "iti" rānei, engari e tohu ana kua kitea e te whakamātautau ngā huringa ira, te toto rānei, e hiahia ana kia ētahi atu rangahau. Kāore te whakamātautau e whakarato i tētahi kaute tau, i tētahi taumata rānei, ka taea te whakataurite ki tētahi awhe noa.

Whakaarohia me te pūao paowa i tō kāinga. Kāore e ine i ngā taumata rerekē o te paowa, engari e whakatūpato ana i a koe i te wā e nui ana te paowa hei whakatūpato. Waihoki, ka whakatūpato te whakamātautau DNA kūtai i tō tākuta i te wā e nui ana ngā kitenga e pā ana ki te tūtohu i ētahi atu whakamātautau.

He aha ngā raruraru ka puta mai i te whakamātautau DNA kūtai kōaro?

Kāore te hua whakamātautau DNA kūtai kōaro kōaro e whai raruraru tinana, engari ka taea e ia te whakaputa i te ahotea me te āwangawanga i te wā e tatari ana koe mō te whakamātautau whai muri. He maha ngā tāngata e māharahara tonu ana mō te mate pukupuku, ahakoa he maha ngā hua pai he whakamārama pai.

Ko te māharahara nui ki te hua pai ko te aha pea e tohu ana, kaua ki te hua whakamātautau ake. Mēnā i kitea e te whakamātautau te mate pukupuku colorectal i te wā tuatahi, i ngā polyps nui rānei, me rongoā te āhuatanga i raro i te wā kia kore ai e piki ake.

Heoi, ka taea e ngā hua pai teka te arahi ki te āwangawanga kore e tika ana me ētahi atu whakamātautau. E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau e pā ana ki te 13% o ngā whakamātautau DNA kūtai pai e puta ana he hua pai teka, ko te tikanga kāore te colonoscopy whai muri e whakaatu ana i te mate pukupuku, i ngā polyps nui rānei.

Ka puta mai ngā raruraru onge i ngā tikanga whai muri, kaua ki te whakamātautau kūtai ake. Mēnā ka arahi tō hua pai ki te colonoscopy, ka mau taua tikanga i ngā tūponotanga iti o te toto, te poka, i ngā tauhohenga kino rānei ki te whakamātau, ahakoa ka puta ngā raruraru nui i roto i te iti iho i te 1 i roto i te 1,000 ngā keehi.

He aha ngā raruraru ka puta mai i te whakamātautau DNA kūtai kōaro kino?

He mea whakahihiri te hua whakamātautau DNA kūtai kino, engari he mea nui kia mōhio kāore he whakamātautau tātari e 100% tika ana. Ko te āwangawanga nui mō ngā hua kino ko te tūponotanga o ngā kino teka, arā, ka ngaro i te whakamātautau te mate pukupuku, ngā pōipo rānei.

E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau ka ngaro pea i ngā whakamātautau DNA kūtai te tata ki te 8% o ngā mate pukupuku kōpū me te tata ki te 31% o ngā pōipo nui. Ko te tikanga tēnei, kei te whai āhuatanga tonu ētahi tāngata he hua kino, me aro atu.

Ko te tūponotanga o ngā kino teka ka nui ake mō ngā pōipo iti me ngā mate pukupuku i te wāhanga tuatahi. Kāore pea ēnei āhuatanga e tuku DNA rerekē, toto rānei i te nui hei whakaoho i te hua pai, ka roa pea te tātaritanga.

Ko tētahi atu take pea ko te mea ka hōmai pea e ngā hua kino te tūponotanga teka ki ētahi tāngata, ka kore rātou e aro ki ngā tohumate, ka karo rānei i ngā whakaritenga tātari ā muri ake nei. Ahakoa he whakamātautau kino, me whakapā tonu koe ki tō tākuta mēnā ka whanake koe i ngā tohumate e pā ana, pēnei i ngā huringa tonu i ngā tikanga whēkau, te toto i roto i te kūtai, te ngaronga taumaha kāore i whakamāramahia.

Āhea au e kite ai i te tākuta mō te whakamātautau DNA kūtai?

Me whakapā tonu koe ki tō tākuta mēnā ka whiwhi koe i te hua whakamātautau DNA kūtai pai. Mā rātou koe e āwhina ki te mārama ki te tikanga o te hua, me te whakarite i ngā whakamātautau whai muri e tika ana, te kōronokōpī rānei, hei whakatau i te take o ngā kitenga rerekē.

Kaua e tatari, kaua rānei e ngana ki te whakamārama i ngā hua i runga i a koe anō. He mea nui te wā mēnā i kitea e te whakamātautau te mate pukupuku tōmua, ngā pōipo nui rānei, ā, mā te whai muri tonu ka whai wāhi koe ki te rongoā angitu mēnā e tika ana.

Ahakoa he hua kino, me kite koe i tō tākuta mēnā ka whanake koe i ngā tohumate e pā ana. E tika ana kia aro tonu te rongoā ki ēnei tohu whakatūpato ahakoa ngā hua whakamātautau tata nei:

• Te toto i roto i tō tūtae, i ngā tūtae pango, rite tārā rānei
• Ngā huringa tonu i ngā tikanga whēkau e roa ana i te wiki ruarua
• Te ngaronga taumaha kāore i whakamāramahia
• Te mamae puku tonu, te kōpū rānei
• Te āhua nei kāore e taea te whakawātea katoa i ō whēkau

Hei tāpiri, whakaritehia ngā arotake auau hei kōrero mō tō hōtaka tātari e haere tonu ana. Mā tō tākuta e āwhina ki te whakatau i te wā e hiahia ana koe i tō whakamātautau DNA tūtae e whai ake nei, i te wā rānei ka pai ake ētahi atu tikanga tātari i runga i ō āhuatanga tūpono takitahi.

Ngā pātai e pātai pinepine ana mō te whakamātautau DNA tūtae

Q1: He pai te whakamātautau DNA tūtae mō te kite i te mate pukupuku kōhauhau?

Āe, he taputapu whai hua ngā whakamātautau DNA tūtae mō te kite i te mate pukupuku kōhauhau, me ngā rangahau e whakaatu ana e mau ana i te 92% o ngā mate pukupuku e noho ana. Nō reira he nui ake te tairongo i ngā whakamātautau tawhito i runga i te tūtae e titiro ana ki te toto anake.

He pai te whakamātautau ki te kimi i ngā mate pukupuku nui ake, kua piki ake, e maringi ana i te DNA rereke ki roto i te tūtae. Heoi, he iti ake te whai hua ki te kite i ngā pōipo iti ake me ngā mate pukupuku i te wā tuatahi rawa atu i te kōronokōpī.

Mō ngā tāngata kei te tūpono toharite e pai ana ki te tātari kāore i te whakaeke, ka whai wāhi pai te whakamātautau DNA tūtae ki te tika me te watea. He mea nui rawa atu mō te hunga ka karo i te tātari katoa i runga i ngā āwangawanga mō te kōronokōpī.

Q2: Ka pā te hua whakamātautau DNA tūtae tiketike ki te mate pukupuku?

Kāore, kāore te hua whakamātautau DNA tūtae pai e pā ki te mate pukupuku. Ka kitea noa e te whakamātautau ngā huringa ira me ngā tohu toto e tohu ana i te mate pukupuku, i ngā āhuatanga i mua i te mate pukupuku e noho ana i roto i tō kōhauhau.

Whakaarohia te whakamātautau hei karere e pūrongo ana i tāna e kitea ana, ehara i te mea e hanga ana i te raruraru. Ki te pai tō whakamātautau, ko te tikanga i kitea e te whakamātautau ngā huringa e pā ana e tika ana kia tirotirohia anō hei whakatau i tō rātou take.

Ko te āhua i raro iho iho i puta ai te hua pai, pēnei i te polyps, i te mate pukupuku rānei, i tupu motuhake i te whakamātautau. Ko te kitenga wawe mā te whakamātautau ka pai ake te tūponotanga o te rongoā angitu mēnā ka kitea he āhua nui.

Q3: Kia pēhea te auau o taku tōtō i te whakamātautau DNA?

E tūtohu ana ngā aratohu hauora kia tōtō i ngā whakamātautau DNA tōtō ia toru tau mēnā he kino ō hua, ā, kei te noho tonu koe i te tūponotanga toharite mō te mate pukupuku colorectal. E taurite ana tēnei wāhanga i te tātari whai hua me ngā whakaaro whaihua.

E whakatakoto ana te wāhanga toru tau i runga i te rangahau e whakaatu ana i te tere o te tupu o te mate pukupuku colorectal, me te roa o te wā e huri ai ngā polyps ki te mate pukupuku. E āwhina ana tēnei hōtaka ki te hopu i ngā raruraru i te wā wawe, i te karo i ngā whakamātautau kore.

Heoi, ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta i tētahi wāhanga rerekē i runga i ō āhuatanga tūpono takitahi, te hītori o te whānau, mēnā ka puta ō tohumate i waenga i ngā whakamātautau kua whakaritea. Me whai tonu i ngā tūtohutanga motuhake a tō kaiwhakarato hauora mō tō āhuatanga.

Q4: Ka pānga ngā rongoā ki ngā hua whakamātautau DNA tōtō?

Kāore te nuinga o ngā rongoā e pānga nui ki ngā hua whakamātautau DNA tōtō, he painga tēnei o tēnei tikanga tātari. Kāore koe e hiahia ki te whakamutu i te tango i ō rongoā auau i mua i te kohikohi i tō tauira.

Heoi, ka pānga pea te whakamahi i ngā paturopi tata nei ki te tika o te whakamātautau mā te huri i te taiao huakita i roto i tō kōpū. Mēnā kua tango koe i ngā paturopi i roto i ngā wiki kua pahure ake nei, kōrerohia te wāhanga me tō tākuta.

Kāore ngā rongoā whakaheke toto pēnei i te aspirin, i te warfarin rānei e pānga ana ki te wāhanga DNA o te whakamātautau, engari ka piki pea te tūponotanga o te kitenga toto i tō tōtō. Ka āwhina tō tākuta ki te whakamāori i ngā hua i roto i te horopaki o ō rongoā.

Q5: He pai ake te whakamātautau DNA tōtō i te colonoscopy?

He pai ake ngā whakamātautau DNA o te tūtae me te kōrere kōpū i ō rātou ake āhuatanga, ā, he pai ake mō ngā tūāhuatanga rerekē, kaua ki te mea kotahi e tino pai ana. Ko te kōrere kōpū tonu te paerewa koura mō te tirotiro i te mate pukupuku o te kōpū me te pūwero, nā te mea ka taea e ia te kite me te tango i ngā pōipoipo i te wa kotahi.

Ko te tino painga o te whakamātautau DNA o te tūtae ko te watea me te whakamarie. Ka taea e koe te kohikohi i te tauira i te kāinga me te kore whakarite, te wa mai i te mahi, te rongoā rānei. Nō reira he kōwhiringa pai mō te hunga e kore e pai ki te tirotiro.

Heoi, he tino whānui ake te kōrere kōpū, e hopu ana i te 95% o ngā pōipoipo nui, ka whakatauritea ki te 69% mō ngā whakamātautau DNA o te tūtae. Ki te nui ake tō tūponotanga, ki te whai rānei koe i ngā tohumate e pā ana ki te māharahara, ka tohutohu tō tākuta i te kōrere kōpū mō te arotake tino whānui.