He aha te pokanga thoracoscopic āwhina-ataata (VATS)? Te Whāinga, te Hātepe & te Oranga

Ko te pokanga thoracoscopic āwhina-ataata, arā ko VATS, he tikanga pokanga iti nei te whakaeke e taea ai e ngā tākuta te mahi i roto i tō pouaka mā te whakamahi i ngā tapahi iti me te kāmera iti. Whakaarohia he pokanga kī-poka mō ō pūkahukahu me te wāhi o tō pouaka. Kāore i te hanga i tētahi wāhi nui, ka hanga e tō tākuta pokanga ētahi tapahi iti, ā, ka whakamahi i ngā taputapu motuhake e ārahina ana e te ataata i te wā tūturu hei mahi i te hātepe i runga i te haumaru me te tika.

He aha te pokanga thoracoscopic āwhina-ataata (VATS)?

Ko te VATS he huarahi pokanga hou e whai wāhi ana ki tō tākuta pokanga ki te kite mārama i roto i tō pouaka me te kore e hanga tapahi nui. I te wā o te hātepe, ka kuhuna tētahi ngongo angiangi, ngawari me te kāmera e kīia ana he thoracoscope mā tētahi tapahi iti i waenga i ō rara. Ka tukuna e tēnei kāmera ngā whakaahua ora ki tētahi aroturuki, e taea ai e tō rōpū pokanga te kite i te mea e mahi ana rātou.

Kua hurihia e te tikanga te pokanga pouaka nā te mea he iti ake te whara ki tō tinana i te pokanga tuwhera tuku iho. Ko te nuinga o ngā hātepe VATS e hiahia ana kia 2-4 tapahi iti noa iho, ā, he hawhe inihi ki te inihi te roa o ia tapahi. Ka taea e tō tākuta pokanga te mahi i te maha o ngā mahi pokanga i roto i ēnei wāhi iti i hiahiatia ai te wāhanga i tō pouaka katoa.

He mea nui tēnei huarahi mō ngā pokanga pūkahukahu, engari ka whakamahia hoki mō ngā hātepe e pā ana ki tō esophagus, te ngākau, me te rārangi huri noa i ō pūkahukahu. Ko te tika me te whakaeke iti e hanga ana i tētahi kōwhiringa pai mō te maha o ngā tūroro e hiahia ana ki te pokanga pouaka.

He aha te take e mahia ai te pokanga thoracoscopic āwhina-ataata?

Ka taea e te VATS te rongoā i te whānuitanga o ngā āhuatanga e pā ana ki ō pūkahukahu, te wāhi o tō pouaka, me ngā hanganga e tata ana. Ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta i tēnei huarahi ina hiahia koe ki te pokanga engari e hiahia ana ki te whakaiti i te wā whakaora me te whara pokanga. He tino whai hua te tikanga mō ngā kaupapa tātaritanga me te rongoā.

Koinei nga take tino noa e kii ai to taakuta i te VATS:

• Te tango i te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu, tae atu ki te lobectomy (te tango i tetahi wāhanga o te pūkahukahu) ranei te wedge resection (te tango i tetahi wahi iti)
• Te biopsy o nga kōpuku pūkahukahu, ngā papatipu rānei e whakapae ana kia whakatau mēnā he mate pukupuku rātou
• Te rongoā i te pūkahukahu kua hinga (pneumothorax) mā te tango i ngā blebs, te hiri rānei i ngā rerenga hau
• Te tango i te wai, te toto rānei mai i te taha o ō pūkahukahu (pleural effusion, hemothorax rānei)
• Te rongoā i te emphysema kaha mā te pokanga whakaheke rōrahi pūkahukahu
• Te tango i ngā puku, ngā kōpuku rānei i roto i tō pouaka
• Te whakatika i ngā rua i roto i tō esophagus, diaphragm rānei

Ka whakaaro hoki tō tākuta pokanga i te VATS mō ngā āhuatanga kāore i te noa pēnei i te tango i te kiko kua pangia, te rongoā i ētahi āhuatanga o te ngākau, te whakatika rānei i ngā raruraru ki te rārangi huri noa i ō pūkahukahu. Ko te whaihua o tēnei tikanga ko te tikanga ka taea e ia te whakakapi i ngā tikanga tino whakaeke i te wā e tutuki ana i ngā whāinga rongoā kotahi.

He aha te tikanga mō te VATS?

Ka tū te pokanga VATS i roto i te rūma whakahaere i raro i te rongoā whānui, ko te tikanga ka moe katoa koe i te wā o te tikanga. Ko te katoa o te tukanga e 1-4 haora te roa, i runga i te uaua o tō pokanga. Ka āta titiro tō rōpū pokanga i a koe i te wā o te tikanga katoa.

Koinei te mea ka tū i te wā o tō tikanga VATS:

1. Ka whiwhi koe i te rongoa whānui, ka tū i tō taha kia whai wāhi pai te tākuta ki tō uma
2. Ka hanga e tō tākuta he 2-4 tapahi iti i waenga i ō rara, i te taha o tō uma
3. Ka kuhuna he thoracoscope (kāmera iti) mā roto i tētahi tapahi kia mārama te tirohanga ki roto i tō uma
4. Ka kuhuna ngā taputapu pokanga motuhake mā roto i ērā atu tapahi iti
5. Ka mahia e tō tākuta te tikanga e tika ana i te wā e mātakitaki ana i te whāngai ataata ora
6. Kia oti te pokanga, ka waiho pea he ngongo iti hei tango i ngā wai, i te hau rānei
7. Ka katia ngā tapahi ki te tuitui, ki te kāpia pokanga rānei

I te wā o te tikanga, ka whakawātea tētahi o ō pūkahukahu mō tētahi wā kia pai ake te wāhi me te kitea o tō tākuta. He mea noa tēnei, he haumaru hoki. Mā tō rōpū rongoa e whakahaere tō manawa i te wā o te pokanga mā te whakamahi i tētahi ngongo manawa motuhake.

Ko te tika o te VATS ka taea e tō tākuta te tango i te kiko, te whakatika i te kino, te tango rānei i ngā koiora me te kore e raru i te kiko hauora e tata ana. Ko tēnei huarahi tupato tētahi o ngā take nui e tere ake ai te whakaora mai i te VATS, ā, he iti ake te mamae i te pokanga tuwhera tuku iho.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō tikanga VATS?

Ko te whakarite mō te pokanga VATS e whai ana i ētahi mahi nui hei whakarite i tō haumaru me te putanga pai rawa atu. Mā tō rōpū hauora koe e ārahi i ia mahi whakarite me te whakautu i ngā pātai katoa kei a koe. Ko te nuinga o te whakarite ka tīmata i te wiki kotahi i mua i tō rā pokanga.

Ka uru pea tō whakarite i mua i te pokanga ki ēnei mahi nui:

• Ngā whakamātautau toto katoa, ngā hihi-X o te uma, me te kōaro he karapa CT hei āwhina i tō tākuta pokanga ki te whakamahere i te tikanga
• Kati te kai paipa i te iti rawa 2 wiki i mua i te pokanga, nā te mea ka tino pai ake tō whakaora me te whakaiti i ngā raruraru
• Arotakehia ō rongoā katoa ki tō tākuta, me te whakamutu i ngā whakaiti toto ki te tohutohu
• Whakaritea tētahi tangata hei taraiwa i a koe ki te kāinga, me te noho ki a koe mō te 24 haora tuatahi i muri i te pokanga
• Whaia ngā tohutohu nohopuku, te tikanga kāore he kai, he inu rānei i muri i te pō waenganui i mua i tō pokanga
• Whakamahia ngā mahi manawa hōhonu me ngā tikanga mare e hiahia ana koe i muri i te pokanga
• Whakaritea tō wāhi whakaora kāinga ki ngā urunga pai me ngā taonga e ngāwari ana te toro atu

Ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta i ngā whakamātautau mahi pūkahukahu hei tirotiro i te pai o te mahi o ō pūkahukahu i mua i te pokanga. Ki te whai koe i ētahi atu āhuatanga hauora pērā i te mate huka, i te mate ngākau rānei, ka mahi tahi tō rōpū hauora ki te whakarite kia pai te whakahaere i ēnei i mua i tō tikanga.

He mea noa te āwangawanga i mua i te pokanga. Kaua e whakaroa ki te pātai ki tō rōpū hauora mō tētahi mea e pā ana ki a koe. Ka taea e rātou te whakarato rauemi atu, te whakautu rānei i ngā pātai motuhake mō te aha e tūmanako ana i te wā o tō whakaora.

Me pēhea te pānui i ō hua VATS?

Ko te māramatanga ki ō hua VATS e whakawhirinaki ana ki te take i pokangahia ai koe i te tuatahi. Ki te whai koe i te koiora, ka wātea ō hua pathology i roto i ngā rā torutoru ki te wiki i muri i tō tikanga. Ka whakamārama tō tākuta pokanga i ēnei kitenga me te aha te tikanga mō tō hauora me te maimoatanga ā muri ake nei.

Mō ngā tikanga VATS tātaritanga, ka uru pea ō hua ki ngā kōrero mō ngā tauira kiko, te tātari wai, te mātakitaki tika rānei i mahia e tō tākuta pokanga i te wā o te tikanga. Ka whakarite tō tākuta i tētahi hui whai muri ki te kōrero taipitopito mō ēnei kitenga me te whakautu i ngā pātai katoa kei a koe.

Mēnā i whai koe i te VATS rongoā (te pokanga hei rongoā i tētahi āhua), ka inea ō "hua" mā te pai o te mahi i te raru i a koe. Ka uru pea tēnei ki te pai ake o te manawa, te ngaro o ngā tohu, te tango angitu rānei i ngā kiko tūroro. Mā te ahunga whakamua o tō whakaora me ngā rangahau whakaahua whai muri ka āwhina i te whakatau i te angitu o tō pokanga.

Ka whakawhiwhia hoki e tō rōpū pokanga ki a koe he pūrongo taipitopito mō ngā mea i mahia i te wā o tō mahi. Ka noho tēnei tuhinga hei wāhanga o tō rēhita rongoā tūturu, ā, ka taea te tiri ki ētahi atu kaiwhakarato hauora e whai wāhi ana ki tō atawhai.

He aha te huarahi whakaora pai rawa atu i muri i te VATS?

Ko te whakaora pai rawa atu i te VATS ko te whai i ngā tohutohu a tō rōpū hauora i te wā e whakarongo ana ki ngā tohu o tō tinana. Ko te nuinga o ngā tūroro e pā ana ki te iti rawa o te mamae me te whakaora tere ake i te pokanga uma tuwhera tuku iho, engari ka ora katoa i runga i ō rātou ake tere. Ko te tikanga ka haere tō whakaora mā ngā wāhanga e whai ana.

Koinei te ahua o te whakaora VATS pai:

• Te whakawhiti wawe i roto i te 24 haora, ka tīmata ki te noho ki runga me ngā hīkoi poto
• Ngā mahi manawa hōhonu me te mare ki te ārai i te pūkahukahu me te pupuri i ō pūkahukahu kia mā
• Te piki haere o ngā taumata mahi i roto i te 2-4 wiki, me te karo i te hiki taumaha i te tīmatanga
• Te whakahaere mamae mā te whakamahi i ngā rongoā kua tohua e te tākuta
• Te tiaki tika i te tapahi hei ārai i te mate me te whakatairanga i te whakaora
• Te haere ki ngā pōhiri whai muri katoa ki te aroturuki i tō ahunga whakamua
• Te hoki ki ngā mahi noa i te wā, te tikanga i roto i te 4-6 wiki

Ka taea e te nuinga o te tangata te hoki ki te mahi i roto i te 1-2 wiki mēnā kāore ā rātou mahi e whai wāhi ana ki te mahi tinana taumaha. Heoi, me karo koe i te hiki i tētahi mea neke atu i te 10 pauna mō ngā wiki tuatahi. Ka pai haere ō taumata pūngao, ā, ka pōturi te nuinga o ngā tūroro ki te hoki ki ō rātou ake i roto i te 4-6 wiki.

He mea nui te titiro ki ngā tohu o ngā raruraru i te wā o te whakaora, pērā i te piki haere o te mamae, te kirika, te poto o te manawa, te huringa rānei i ngā wāhi tapahi. Ahakoa he onge ngā raruraru i te VATS, ko te mōhio wawe me te rongoā i ngā raruraru ka hua te pai.

He aha ngā āhuatanga tūpono mō ngā raruraru VATS?

Ahakoa he pai ake te VATS i te pokanga tuwhera tuku iho, ka taea e ētahi āhuatanga te whakanui i tō tūponotanga ki ngā raruraru. Mā te māramatanga ki ēnei āhuatanga tūpono ka āwhina i tō rōpū pokanga ki te whai i ngā whakatūpato tika, ā, ka āwhina i a koe ki te whakatau i ngā whakatau mō tō atawhai. Ko te nuinga o ngā raruraru he onge, he whakahaere ina puta.

He maha ngā āhuatanga ka whakanui i tō tūponotanga ki ngā raruraru VATS:

• Te pakeke haere (nui ake i te 70), ahakoa kāore te pakeke anake e whakakore i a koe i te pokanga
• Te hītori pōkai hikareti, te pōkai hikareti rānei i tēnei wā, e pā ana ki te mahi o te pūkahukahu me te whakaora
• Te mate pūkahukahu nui pērā i te COPD matatau, te fibrosis pūkahukahu rānei
• Te mate ngākau, ētahi atu āhuatanga hauora nui rānei
• Te pokanga pouaka o mua, te rongoā iraruke rānei e hanga ana i te kiko kōpiko
• Te momomo, ka uaua ake te tikanga
• Ngā mate toto, te whakamahi rānei i ngā rongoā whakaheke toto

Ka āta arotake tō tākuta pokanga i ēnei āhuatanga katoa i mua i te tūtohu i te VATS. I ētahi wā, ka taea e ngā whakaritenga atu, ngā whakarerekētanga rānei ki te tikanga paerewa te āwhina ki te whakaiti i ngā tūponotanga. Ko te whai i ngā āhuatanga tūpono kāore i te tikanga e kore e taea e koe te VATS, engari ko te tikanga ka whai ngā tō rōpū i ngā whakatūpato atu.

Ahakoa te noho o ngā āhuatanga tūpono, he maha tonu ngā wā ka noho te VATS hei kōwhiringa pai rawa atu nā te mea he iti ake te pēhanga ki tō tinana i te pokanga tuwhera. Ka mahi tō rōpū hauora ki a koe ki te whakapai ake i tō hauora i mua i te pokanga, me te whakarato i te aroturuki tika i te wā o tō whakaora.

He pai ake te VATS, te pokanga tuwhera rānei?

He pai ake te VATS i te pokanga tuwhera i te wa e taea ana, na te mea he painga nui mo te nuinga o nga turoro. Heoi, ko te whiriwhiri pai rawa atu ka whakawhirinaki ki to ahuatanga motuhake, te hanganga o te tinana, me te hauora whanui. Ka tūtohu tō tākuta i te huarahi e whai wāhi ana koe ki te angitu me te iti rawa o te tūponotanga.

Ko te tikanga, ka tukuna e te VATS enei painga ki runga i te pokanga tuwhera: he iti ake nga tapahi ka tere ake te rongoa, he iti ake te mamae i te wa e ora ana, he poto ake te noho i te hōhipera (i te nuinga o te wā 1-3 ra ki te 5-7 ra), he iti ake te tūponotanga o te mate, he iti ake te toto i te wa o te pokanga, me te hoki tere ki nga mahi noa. He pai ake ano nga hua whakapaipai, me nga whiu iti hei utu mo te tapahi nui o te uma.

Heoi, ka tika pea te pokanga tuwhera i etahi ahuatanga. Kei roto i enei ko nga puku nui rawa atu, te kiko whiu nui mai i te pokanga o mua, etahi rereketanga o te hanganga o te tinana, i te wa ranei e hiahia ana te tākuta ki te uru atu ki nga tikanga uaua. I etahi wa me huri te tikanga VATS ki te pokanga tuwhera i te wa o te mahi mena ka puta nga raruraru ohorere.

Ka matapakihia e tō tākuta nga whiringa e rua ki a koe, ka whakamārama he aha ratou i tūtohu ai i tetahi huarahi mo tō āhuatanga. Ko te whāinga ko te whakatutuki i te hua rongoa pai rawa atu i te wa e whakaiti ana i nga tupono me te wa whakaora. Whakapono ki te tohunga o tō rōpū pokanga, kaua e mangere ki te pātai pātai mō tā rātou tūtohutanga.

He aha nga raruraru ka puta mai i te VATS?

He iti noa nga raruraru mai i te VATS, ka puta i roto i te iti iho i te 10% o nga tikanga. I te wa e puta ana nga raruraru, he iti noa iho, he ngawari ki te rongoa. Kua rite pai tō rōpū pokanga ki te whakahaere i nga take ka puta, a ka taea te whakatau i te nuinga o nga raru kaore he paanga mo te wa roa.

Ko nga raruraru tino noa ka pa ki a koe ko:

• Te rerenga hau mai i tō pūkahukahu, tērā pea ka roa ake te noho o tō ngongo uma
• Te mamae i ngā wāhi tapahi, te riri rānei o ngā io, ka pai ake i te roanga o te wā
• Te toto iti, te kohinga wai rānei i te taha o ō pūkahukahu
• Ngā manawataki ngākau koretake mō te wā poto, nā te riri i te wā o te pokanga
• Te mate pāwera i ngā wāhi tapahi, ka pai te urupare ki ngā paturopi
• Te pūkahukahu, ina koa kāore koe e mahi i ō mahi whakangā

He onge, engari ko ngā raruraru nui ake ka uru mai te nui o te toto e hiahia ana ki te whakawhitinga, te kino ki ngā hanganga tata pēnei i ngā oko toto, ngā io rānei, te pūpū toto i ō waewae, i ō pūkahukahu rānei, ngā raruraru manawataki ngākau nui rānei. Ka mātakitaki tata tō rōpū pokanga i a koe kia kitea, kia rongoatia hoki ngā raruraru i te wā wawe.

Ko te rongo pai, he mea noa ngā raruraru nui ki te VATS, ā, he iti iho te auau o ngā raruraru i te pokanga tuwhera tuku iho. Ka kōrero tō rōpū hauora i tō kōtaha tūpono takitahi, me ngā tohu whakatūpato hei mātakitaki i te wā o tō whakaora.

Āhea au e kite ai i te tākuta i muri i te VATS?

Me whakapā atu koe ki tō rōpū hauora tonu mēnā ka pā ki a koe ētahi tohu whakatūpato i te wā o tō whakaora. Ahakoa ko te nuinga o ngā tohumate i muri i te pokanga he wāhanga noa o te whakaora, ko ētahi tohu e hiahia ana kia aro mai te rongoā. Kaua e ruarua ki te waea atu ki tō tākuta mēnā e māharahara ana koe ki tētahi mea i te wā o tō whakaora.

Whakapā atu ki tō tākuta tonu mēnā ka pā ki a koe ētahi o ēnei tohumate:

• Te mamae uma nui, te kino haere rānei, kāore e pai ake i te rongoā mamae i whakaritea
• Te poto o te manawa, te uaua rānei ki te hā
• Te kirika i runga ake i te 101°F (38.3°C) te pāmahana, te wiri rānei
• Te whakanui ake i te whero, te pūpū, te rerenga rānei mai i ō wāhi tapahi
• Te mare toto, te hūpē toto rānei
• Ngā tohu o te pūpū toto pēnei i te pūpū waewae, te mahana, te mamae rānei
• Te whakapairuaki, te ruaki rānei e kore ai koe e pupuri wai

Me whakapā atu ano koe ki tō rōpū hauora mō ngā āwangawanga kāore i te tino nui, pēnei i te mamae tonu e whakararu ana i te moe, ngā pātai mō āu rongoā, ngā āwangawanga rānei mō te ahunga whakamua o tō whakaora. Kei reira rātou hei tautoko i a koe puta noa i tō hātepe whakaora.

He mea nui ngā tūpono whai muri i te wā katoa ahakoa kei te pai koe. Mā ēnei haerenga e āhei ai tō tākuta ki te aroturuki i tō whakaora, te tango i ngā tūhono mena e tika ana, me te whakarite kei te ahu whakamua koe i te mea e tika ana. Kaua e peke i ēnei tūpono ahakoa kei te pai koe.

Ngā pātai e pātai pinepine ana mō te VATS

He pai te pokanga VATS mō te rongoā mate pukupuku pūkahukahu?

Āe, he kōwhiringa pai te VATS mō te nuinga o ngā tūroro mate pukupuku pūkahukahu, inā koa mō te hunga e mate ana i te wā tuatahi. E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau ka taea e te VATS te whai hua pērā i te pokanga tuwhera mō te tango i te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu i te wā e tere ake ana te whakaora me te iti ake o te mamae. Mā tō tākuta mate pukupuku me te tākuta pokanga e whakatau mēnā e tika ana te VATS i runga i te rahi, te wāhi, me te wāhanga o tō mate pukupuku.

Mō te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu i te wā tuatahi, kua noho te VATS lobectomy (te tango i te lobe o te pūkahukahu) hei paerewa tiaki i te maha o ngā whare rongoā. Mā te huarahi iti rawa te whakaeke e āhei ai te tango katoa i te mate pukupuku i te wā e tiaki ana i te nui o te kiko pūkahukahu hauora ka taea. He rite ngā reiti oranga wā roa ki te pokanga tuwhera.

Ka pā mai te VATS i ngā raruraru manawa pumau?

Ko te tikanga, kāore te VATS e pā mai i ngā raruraru manawa pumau mō te nuinga o ngā tūroro. In fact, he maha ngā tāngata e pā ana ki te pai ake o te manawa i muri i ngā hātepe VATS e tango ana i te kiko pūkahukahu e mate ana, e rongoā ana rānei i ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te pūkahukahu kua hinga. Ko te tikanga, ka pai te utu o tō kiko pūkahukahu hauora e toe ana mō ngā wāhanga kua tangohia.

Ka kite pea ētahi tūroro i ngā huringa iti i roto i tō rātou manawanui whakangungu i te tīmatanga, engari ka pai ake tēnei i te wā e urutau ana tō tinana. Mēnā i te ngoikore te mahi o te pūkahukahu i mua i te pokanga nā te mate, ka pai ake pea tō manawa i te VATS mā te tango i ngā wāhi raruraru o te kiko pūkahukahu.

E hia te roa e noho ai au i te hōhipera i muri i te VATS?

Ko te nuinga o ngā tūroro VATS e noho ana i te hōhipera mō te 1-3 rā, he poto rawa atu tēnei i te 5-7 rā e hiahiatia ana i muri i te pokanga tuwhera o te uma. Ko te roa tika e whakawhirinaki ana ki te uaua o tō tikanga me te tere o tō whakaora. Mā ngā tikanga māmā e taea ai e koe te hoki ki te kāinga i te rā e whai ake nei.

Ko tō ngongo uma ka tangohia i roto i te 1-2 rā i te wā i tino whānui anō ai tō pūkahukahu, ā, kāore he rerenga hau nui. Kia puta te ngongo, ā, e pai ana koe ki te whakahaere i tō mamae, te hīkoi pai, me te kai noa, ka rite pea koe ki te hoki ki te kāinga.

Ka taea te mahi VATS ki ngā pūkahukahu e rua i te wā kotahi o te pokanga?

I ētahi wā ka taea te mahi VATS ki ngā pūkahukahu e rua i te wā kotahi o te tikanga, engari e whakawhirinaki ana tēnei ki ētahi mea, tae atu ki tō hauora whānui, te mahi o te pūkahukahu, me te āhuatanga motuhake e rongoatia ana. Ko te VATS taha-rua (ngā taha e rua) e mahia ana mō ētahi āhuatanga pēnei i te ārai i te pneumothorax ohorere.

Ka āta arotake tō tākuta pokanga mēnā he pai ake ngā tikanga taha-kotahi, taha-rua rānei mō tō āhuatanga. I ētahi wā he pai ake te rongoa i tētahi taha i te tuatahi, kia whakaora koe, ā, ka whakatika i tērā taha ki te hiahiatia. Ko tēnei whakatau e whai ana i ō āhuatanga motuhake.

He mōkai ka kitea i muri i te pokanga VATS?

Ka waiho e te VATS ngā mōkai iti ake, kāore e kitea ana i te whakataurite ki te pokanga tuwhera. E 2-4 ngā mōkai iti kei a koe, tata ki te hawhe inihi ki te inihi te roa, kei te taha o tō uma. Ka memeha ēnei i te wā, ā, kāore e kitea ana i muri i te tau.

Ko ngā mōkai e tū ana i waenga i ō rara, ā, e huna ana e ngā āhua tūturu o tō uma. He maha ngā tūroro e kite ana he pai ake te āhua i te mōkai nui mai i te pokanga tuwhera tuku iho, e 6-8 inihi te roa.