He aha te ultrasound carotid? Te Whāinga, Ngā Taumata/Tikanga & Ngā Hua

He whakamātautau haumaru, kāore he mamae te ultrasound carotid e whakamahi ana i ngā ngaru oro hei hanga pikitia o ngā oko toto i tō kaki. Ko ēnei oko, e kīia ana ko ngā uaua carotid, e kawe ana i te toto mai i tō ngākau ki tō roro, he mea tino nui mō tō hauora.

Whakaarohia me te mea kei te tango koe i tētahi whakaahua, engari hei utu mō te mārama, ka whakamahi ngā tākuta i ngā ngaru oro ngawari e pā ana ki ō oko toto. Ka āwhina te whakamātautau i tō tākuta ki te kite i te pai o te rere o te toto i roto i ēnei uaua me te tirotiro mō ngā aukati, ngā whāiti rānei ka pā ki te tuku toto o tō roro.

He aha te ultrasound carotid?

Ko te ultrasound carotid he whakamātautau whakaahua kāore e poka ana e tirotiro ana i ngā uaua carotid i tō kaki. E rua ngā oko toto nui e rere ana i ngā taha e rua o tō kaki, e tuku ana i te toto whai hāora ki tō roro.

I te wā o te whakamātautau, ka neke tētahi taputapu iti e kīia ana ko te transducer e tētahi tohunga hangarau ki runga i tō kaki. Ka tukuna e tēnei taputapu ngā ngaru oro auau-nui e hanga ana i ngā pikitia i te wā tūturu o ō uaua i runga i te mata rorohiko. Kāore he mamae o te hātepe katoa, ā, ka roa te 30 ki te 45 meneti.

Ka taea e tō tākuta te kite i te hanganga o ō pakitara uaua, te ine i te tere o te rere o te toto, me te kite i ngā hanga o te pākirikiri, te whāiti rānei. Ka āwhina tēnei mōhiohio ki te aromatawai i tō tūponotanga mō te whiu me ētahi atu raruraru nui.

He aha te take e mahia ana te ultrasound carotid?

E tūtohu ana ngā tākuta i te ultrasound carotid i te tuatahi ki te tirotiro mō te mate uaua carotid, e pā ana tēnei i te wā e hanga ana ngā putunga momona e kīia ana ko te pākirikiri i roto i ēnei oko toto nui. Ka taea e te kitenga wawe te āwhina i te ārai i ngā whiu i mua i te puta.

Ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta i tēnei whakamātautau mēnā he tohu tō e tohu ana i te whakaheke i te rere o te toto ki tō roro. E tika ana kia aro ki ēnei tohu whakatūpato nā te mea ka tohu pea e whāiti ana ō uaua:

• Te ngoikore ohorere, te ngau ranei i tō kanohi, tō ringa, tō waewae rānei, inā koa i tētahi taha
• Te uaua ki te kōrero, ki te mārama rānei ki te kōrero
• Ngā raruraru ohorere o te tirohanga i tētahi, i ngā kanohi e rua rānei
• He mamae mahunga nui kāore he take e mōhiotia ana
• Te whanoke, te ngaro rānei o te taurite
• Ngā wā poto o ēnei tohumate e puta ana, e ngaro ana

He mea nui hoki ēnei whakamātautau mō te aroturuki i te hunga whai āhuatanga mō te whiu, ahakoa e pai ana te tū. Mā te tātari auau ka kitea ngā raruraru i te wā wawe, i te wā e whai hua ana te rongoā.

I ētahi wā ka whakamahi ngā tākuta i te ultrasound carotid hei aroturuki i ngā tūroro kua whai tikanga kē i runga i ō rātou uaua carotid. Mā tēnei ka āwhina i te whakarite kia tika te mahi o ngā rongoā, me te kite i ngā raruraru hou ka puta i te wā.

He aha te tikanga mō te ultrasound carotid?

He tika, he pai hoki te tikanga ultrasound carotid. Ka takoto koe ki tō tuara i runga i te tēpu whakamātau, ā, ka whakamahi tētahi tohunga hangarau i te hāmana mārama, i te wai hei pūtake ki ngā taha e rua o tō kaki.

Ka āwhina te hāmana i ngā ngaru ultrasound kia pai ake te haere i waenga i te transducer me tō kiri. Ka neke mārie te tohunga hangarau i te transducer i tō kaki, me te pēhi marie kia mārama ngā whakaahua o ō uaua carotid.

Anei te mea ka tupu i te wā o tō whakamātau, i te wāhanga i muri i te wāhanga:

1. Ka tangohia e koe ngā whakapaipai i tō kaki, ka huri ki te kākahu hōhipera e tuwhera ana i mua
2. Ka tono te tohunga hangarau kia takoto koe, ā, ka whakatakoto pea i te urunga i raro i ō pakihiwi
3. Ka whakamahia e rātou te hāmana ki tō wāhi kaki
4. Ka nekehia te transducer i ngā taha e rua o tō kaki hei hopu whakaahua mai i ngā koki rerekē
5. Ka rongo pea koe i ngā oro whīwhiwhi - he mea noa tēnei, e tohu ana i tō rere toto
6. Ka tono pea te tohunga hangarau kia huri koe i tō upoko, kia pupuri rānei i tō manawa mō tētahi wā poto kia mārama ake ngā pikitia

Ko te katoa o te tukanga e 30 ki te 45 meneti te roa. Ka taea e koe te kōrero noa i te wā o te whakamātautau, ā, he maha ngā tāngata e whakaaro ana he whakangāwari. Ka horoia ngā hinu ki te tauera i te wā e oti ana te whakamātautau.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō tō ultrasound carotid?

Ko tētahi o ngā mea pai mō te ultrasound carotid he iti noa te whakarite. Ka taea e koe te kai noa, te tango i ō rongoā auau, me te haere i ō mahi o mua i mua i te whakamātautau.

Ko te mea nui hei mahara ko te mau i ngā kākahu pai e taea ai te uru ki tō kaki. He pōtae e herea ana i mua, he rānei he kaki wātea te mahi pai.

Me tango e koe ngā whakapaipai katoa huri noa i tō kaki i mua i te whakamātautau, tae atu ki ngā rānei, ngā chokers, ngā taringa nui rānei e raru ai. Ki te mau koe i ngā āwhina whakarongo, ka taea e koe te pupuri i a rātou i te wā o te tukanga.

He mea whai hua ki te tae mai i mua i te wā ki te whakaoti i ngā pepa e tika ana, me te noho. Whakauruhia he rārangi o ō rongoā o nāianei me ngā hua whakamātautau o mua e pā ana ki tō hauora cardiovascular.

Me pēhea te pānui i tō ultrasound carotid?

Ko ō hua ultrasound carotid e arotahi ana ki te ine i te nui o te whāiti o ō uaua me te tere o te rere o te toto i roto i a rātou. Ko te ine matua ko te ōrau o te stenosis, e whakaatu ana ki a koe te nui o tō uaua kua aukatia.

Ko ngā hua noa e whakaatu ana i te iti iho i te 50% stenosis, ko te tikanga he mārama ngā uaua me te rere noa o te toto. Ki te tae te stenosis ki te 50-69%, ka whakaaro ngā tākuta he whāiti ngawari tēnei e hiahia ana ki te aroturuki me ngā huringa o te oranga.

Anei te pēhea e whakamārama ai ngā tākuta i ngā taumata rerekē o te whāiti o te uaua:

• Neke atu i te 50% te stenosis: He whaiti noa, he ngawari ranei, e whakahaerehia ana e nga huringa oranga
• 50-69% te stenosis: He whaiti ngawari e hiahia ana ki te whakahaere rongoa me te aroturuki i nga wa katoa
• 70-99% te stenosis: He whaiti nui e hiahia ana ki te pokanga
• 100% te stenosis: He aukati katoa e hiahia ana ki te rongoa tonu

Ka titiro hoki to taakuta ki nga tere o te rere toto, e whakaatu ana ki a ratou te kaha o to ngakau ki te pana toto i roto i nga waahi whaiti. Ko nga tere teitei ake e tohu ana i nga aukati nui ake.

Ka whakaatu hoki nga hua i nga ahuatanga o nga tohu i kitea, tae atu ki te pumau, te kore ranei. Ko nga tohu kore pumau e nui ake ana nga tupono na te mea ka pakaru nga wahi ka puta he whiu.

Me pehea te whakatika i o taumata ultrasound carotid?

Ko te whakapai ake i o hua ultrasound carotid e pa ana ki te kaha o te whaiti i kitea me to hauora katoa. Mo te stenosis ngawari ki te ngawari, ko nga huringa oranga te nuinga ka whai painga nui ki te whakaroa, ki te huri ranei i te hanga tohu.

Ko te huarahi tino whai hua e whakakotahi ana i nga tikanga oranga hauora me te whakahaere rongoa ina hiahiatia. Ka mahi tahi to taakuta me koe ki te hanga mahere e pai ana ki to ahuatanga me o raru.

Ka taea e enei huringa oranga te awhina i te whakapai ake i to hauora uaua i roto i te waa:

• Te whai i te kai hauora-ngakau he iti te ngako kukū me te nui o nga hua, huawhenua, me nga witi katoa
• Te korikori tinana i nga wa katoa, ahakoa 30 meneti noa te hikoi i te nuinga o nga ra
• Te whakamutu i te kai paipa, e tino whakaiti ana i te hanga tohu
• Te whakahaere i te ahotea ma nga tikanga whakangawari, ma te tohutohu ranei
• Te pupuri i te taumaha hauora
• Te whakaiti i te inu waipiro

Mō te stenosis mōrearea ki te kaha, ka tohua pea e tō tākuta ngā rongoā pēnei i te statins hei whakaheke i te cholesterol, ngā rongoā mō te pēhanga toto, rānei ngā rongoā whakaheke toto hei whakaiti i te tūponotanga o te pūkohu. E mahi tēnei i te taha o ngā huringa oranga hei whakarato i te whakamarumaru pai.

I ngā tūāhua o te stenosis kaha (70% neke atu rānei), ka tūtohutia pea ngā kōwhiringa pokanga pēnei i te carotid endarterectomy, te carotid artery stenting rānei. Ka taea e ēnei tikanga te whakahoki i te rere toto noa, me te whakaiti nui i te tūponotanga o te whiu.

He aha te taumata pai o te ultrasound carotid?

Ko ngā hua pai o te ultrasound carotid e whakaatu ana i te stenosis iti (iti iho i te 50%) me ngā tere rere toto noa. E tohu ana tēnei he hauora ō carotid arteries, me te whakarato i te tuku toto tika ki tō roro.

Ko ngā hua pai ko te nuinga he pakitara artery maeneene kāore he hanga pūkohu nui, me ngā tere rere toto i roto i ngā awhe noa. E titiro ana tō tākuta ki ngā tauira rere toto rite tonu, kāore i te aukati e tohu ana i ngā artery hauora, ngāwari.

Heoi, ko te mea e kiia ana he

He mea nui te pakeke me ngā ira, e kore e taea e koe te huri, engari mā te mōhio ki a rātou ka āwhina i a koe kia tūpato. Ko te tikanga ka pā te mate o te uaua carotid ki ngā tāne i mua i ngā wāhine, ā, mā te whai i ngā mema o te whānau e mate ana i te mate ngākau, i te whiu rānei, ka piki ake tō tūponotanga.

Ko te rongo pai he maha ngā āhuatanga tūpono kei raro i tō mana. Ko ēnei āhuatanga ka taea te whakarerekē te mea nui ki te hauora o ō uaua:

• Te toto tiketike, e whakangaro ana i ngā pakitara o te uaua i te roanga o te wā
• Ngā taumata cholesterol tiketike e whai wāhi ana ki te hanga tohu
• Te mate huka, e pā ana ki te hauora o ngā oko toto puta noa i tō tinana
• Te kai paipa, e tere ana te hanga tohu
• Te momomo, ina koa te taumaha nui huri noa i tō puku
• Te noho noa, he iti te mahi tinana
• He kai kino he nui ngā ngako kukū me ngā kai tukatuka

Ko ētahi tāngata he āhuatanga ira onge e pā ana ki te pākia cholesterol, ki te whakaheke toto rānei, e kaha ake ai te mate uaua i ngā tau taitamariki. Ka taea hoki e te moe moe me ngā āhuatanga mumura mau tonu te whai wāhi ki te piki ake o te tūponotanga.

Ma te māramatanga ki ō āhuatanga tūpono ka āwhina i a koe me tō tākuta ki te whakatau i te auau e hiahia ana koe ki te tirotiro ultrasound carotid me ngā tikanga ārai e pai ana mō tō āhuatanga.

He pai ake te whai i te stenosis carotid tiketike, iti rānei?

He pai ake te stenosis carotid iti, nā te mea he nui ake te tuwhera o ō uaua, ā, ka taea te tuku toto tika ki tō roro. Mā te iti ake o te stenosis ka whakaiti i tō tūponotanga ki te whiu me ētahi atu raruraru nui.

Inā he iti te stenosis (kei raro i te 50%), ka taea e ō uaua te tuku i te toto katoa e hiahiatia ana e tō roro i ngā mahi noa, tae noa ki ngā wā e piki ana te hiahia. Ka hoatu tēnei ki a koe he haumaru nui.

Ka nui haere te tūponotanga o te stenosis i te wa e haere ana. Ko te stenosis ngawari (50-69%) me āta aroturuki me te rongoā hei aukati i te pōraruraru, i te mea ko te stenosis kaha (70% neke atu rānei) e tūpono tonu ana, ā, he maha ngā wā e hiahia ana ki te wawaotanga.

Heoi anō, he mea nui anō te wāhi me ngā āhuatanga o te stenosis. I ētahi wā, ko te tangata e whai stenosis ngawari ana i te wāhi nui, e hiahia ana ki te rongoā kaha ake i te tangata e whai stenosis paku teitei ana i te wāhi iti ake te nui.

He aha ngā raruraru ka puta mai i te stenosis carotid kaha?

Ka taea e te stenosis carotid kaha te arahi ki ngā raruraru nui, ko te whiu te mea nui rawa atu. Ki te whāiti rawa ō uaua carotid, kāore pea tō roro e whiwhi i te nui o te toto whai hāora hei mahi tika.

Ko te tūponotanga tonu ko te whiu ischemic, e puta ana i te wā e aukatia katoatia ana te rere o te toto ki tētahi wāhanga o tō roro. Ka taea tēnei te puta ki te hanga he pūtau toto i roto i te uaua whāiti, ki te pakaru rānei tētahi wāhanga o te pāti ka haere ki ngā oko roro iti ake.

Ka taea e ēnei raruraru te puta mai i te stenosis carotid kaha:

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• Ngā whakaeke ischemic pāpaku (TIA), e kīia ana ko te

  He aha ngā raruraru ka puta mai i te stenosis carotid ngawari?

  He uaua te stenosis carotid ngawari (iti iho i te 50%) te whakaputa i ngā raruraru tonu, engari e tohu ana kua tīmata te atherosclerosis i roto i ō uaua. Ko te āwangawanga nui ko te mea ka taea e te stenosis ngawari te piki haere ki te whaiti nui ake i te roanga o te wā.

  Ko te nuinga o te tangata e ngawari ana te stenosis karekau he tohu, ā, ka taea e rātou te noho i te ora noa, i te ora kaha. Heoi, ko te noho mai o te hanga o te plaque e tohu ana kei te nui ake te tūponotanga o ngā raruraru cardiovascular a muri ake nei.

  Ngā āwangawanga pea mō te wā roa me te stenosis ngawari ko:

  • Te piki haere haere ki te stenosis ngawari, ki te stenosis nui rānei
  • Te whanaketanga o te stenosis i roto i ētahi atu uaua
  • Te piki ake o te tūponotanga o te whakaeke ngākau, te whiu rānei i te wā anamata
  • Te hiahia mō te aroturuki pinepine me te whakahaere hauora

  I ngā wā tino onge, ka taea e te stenosis ngawari te whakaputa raruraru mēnā he kore pūmau te plaque, ā, ka ngāwari te pakaru. Heoi, he mea noa tēnei, ā, e pā ana ki ētahi atu āhuatanga tūponotanga.

  Ko te kī me te stenosis ngawari ko te ārai - te mahi i ngā mahi hei ārai i te piki haere i te wā e mau tonu ana tō kounga o te ora. Ka taea e te nuinga o te tangata te whakahaere i te stenosis ngawari mā te huri i te oranga me te aroturuki auau.

  Āhea au e kite ai i te tākuta mō ngā hua o te ultrasound carotid?

  Me kite koe i te tākuta i te wā tonu mēnā ka pā ki a koe ētahi tohu e tohu ana i te hekenga o te rere toto ki tō roro, ahakoa ngā hua o tō ultrasound carotid i mua. E hiahia ana ēnei tohu ki te āwhina hauora tonu.

  Whakapā atu ki tō tākuta i te wā tonu mēnā ka pā ki a koe te ngoikore ohorere, te ngongo, te uaua ki te kōrero, te huringa o te tirohanga, te mamae nui rānei o te upoko. E tohu ana tēnei i te whiu, i te whakaeke ischemic transient rānei, he ohorere hauora.

  Mō te aroturuki i ia wā, ka whakarite tō tākuta i ngā tūpono i ia wā i runga i ngā hua o tō ultrasound. Ko te stenosis ngawari te tikanga me aroturuki ia 1-2 tau, engari ko te stenosis āhua e hiahia ana kia nui ake te arotake i ia 6-12 marama.

  Me kite hoki koe i tō tākuta mēnā ka whanake koe i ngā mea tūpono hou, mēnā rānei ka uaua ake te whakahaere i ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te mate huka, te toto tiketike rānei. Ka pā pea ngā huringa i tō mana hauora ki tō mahere maimoatanga.

  Ngā pātai e pā ana ki te ultrasound carotid

  Q.1 He pai te whakamātautau ultrasound carotid mō te kite i te tūponotanga o te whiu?

  Āe, he taputapu pai te ultrasound carotid mō te kite i te tūponotanga o te whiu, inā koa mō ngā whiu ischemic i puta mai i te aukati i te rere o te toto ki te roro. Ka taea e ia te tautuhi i te whāiti i roto i ō uaua carotid i mua i te whanake o ngā tohu.

  He mea nui te whakamātautau nā te mea kāore i te pāngia, kāore he mamae, ā, he tino tika ki te kite i te stenosis nui. E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau ka taea e te ultrasound carotid te tautuhi i ngā tāngata e tūpono nui ana ki te whiu, e āhei ana ki te maimoatanga ārai.

  Heoi, he mea nui kia mahara ko te ultrasound carotid te tuatahi e kite ana i te tūponotanga mai i te mate uaua carotid. Ko ētahi atu momo whiu, pēnei i te hunga i puta mai i ngā raruraru o te manawa, i te mate rānei o ngā oko iti, kāore pea e kitea e tēnei whakamātautau.

  Q.2 Ka pā te stenosis carotid tiketike ki te whanoke?

  Ka pā pea te stenosis carotid tiketike ki te whanoke i ētahi wā, inā koa mēnā ka whakaiti te whāiti i te rere o te toto ki tō roro. Heoi, he maha ngā take ka puta te whanoke, ā, ko te stenosis carotid tētahi noa iho o aua mea.

  Mēnā ka pā te stenosis carotid ki te whanoke, ka haere tahi tonu me ētahi atu tohu pēnei i te ngoikore, te uaua ki te kōrero, te huringa rānei o te tirohanga. Ka nui ake pea te kite i te whanoke i te wā e huri ana koe i ngā tūnga i te tere, i te wā rānei o te mahi tinana.

  Mena kei te pā koe i te whanoke tonu, he mea nui kia kite i tō tākuta mō te arotake tika. Ka taea e rātou te whakatau mēnā e pā ana ō tohumate ki te stenosis carotid, ki tētahi atu āhuatanga rānei e hiahia ana ki te rongoā rerekē.

  Q.3 Ka taea e te ultrasound carotid te kite i ngā raruraru o te ngākau?

  Ko te ultrasound carotid te mea nui ki ngā uaua carotid i tō kaki, ā, kāore e tirotiro tika ana i tō ngākau. Heoi, ka taea e ia te whakarato tohu mō tō hauora ngākau me ngā uaua toto katoa, nā te mea ka pā te atherosclerosis ki ngā uaua toto maha.

  Mēnā e whakaatu ana tō ultrasound carotid i te hanga nui o te pātai, ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta i ētahi atu whakamātautau hei tirotiro i tō ngākau me ētahi atu uaua toto. Ko ngā āhuatanga tūpono kotahi e pā ana ki te mate uaua carotid ka whakanui hoki i tō tūponotanga ki te mate ngākau.

  Mō ngā raruraru ngākau motuhake, ka tonoa e tō tākuta ētahi atu whakamātautau pēnei i te echocardiogram, EKG, i te whakamātautau taumahatanga ngākau rānei. I hangaia ēnei whakamātautau hei arotake i te pai o te mahi a tō ngākau.

  Q.4 Kia pēhea te auau o taku ultrasound carotid?

  E whakawhirinaki ana te auau o te ultrasound carotid ki ō āhuatanga tūpono me ngā hua o mua. Kāore te nuinga o te tangata kāore he tohumate, he āhuatanga tūpono rānei e hiahia ana ki te arotake auau, engari ka whai hua pea te hunga e whai ana i ngā āhuatanga tūpono mai i te whakamātautau wā.

  Mēnā he stenosis ngawari tō, ka tūtohu te tākuta i ngā ultrasound whai muri i ngā tau 1-2 hei aroturuki i te haere whakamua. Ko te stenosis āhua e hiahia ana ki te aroturuki auau, i ngā wā katoa i ngā marama 6-12.

  Ko ngā tāngata e whai ana i te stenosis kaha kāore e tika ana mō te pokanga ka hiahia pea ki ngā ultrasound i ngā marama 3-6. Ka hangaia e tō tākuta tētahi hōtaka whaiaro i runga i tō āhuatanga motuhake me ngā āhuatanga tūpono.

  Q.5 He tūponotanga kei te ultrasound carotid?

  He tino haumaru te rāpoi oro carotid, kāore he tūponotanga, he pānga taha rānei. E whakamahi ana te whakamātautau i ngā ngaru oro, kaua i te iraruke, he mea haumaru mō ngā tāngata o ngā tau katoa, tae atu ki ngā wāhine hapū.

  Ko te raruraru iti noa iho ko te hāteke e whakamahia ana i te wā o te whakamātautau, e kitea ana e ētahi tāngata he mātao, he paku rānei te raruraru. He ngāwari te horoi i te hāteke, ā, kāore e pā ana ki te riri kiri mō te nuinga o ngā tāngata.

  I ngā wā onge, ka pāngia pea e ngā tāngata he kiri tairongo te riri ngawari mai i te hāteke, engari he mea noa tēnei, ā, ka tere te ngaro. Kāore te whakamātautau e hiahia ana ki ngā werohanga, ngā rongoā, ngā tikanga rānei e pā ana ki te tinana.