Infekshinii Salmonella
Ibsaa
Infekshinii Salmonella (salmonellosis) dhukkuba baakteeriyaa bara baraa dha, kan sirna qalqaloo guddaa miidhu. Baakteeriyaa Salmonellaan umuriifi nama keessa jiraataa, irraa immoo qarqara (feces) keessa ba'a. Namni hedduun bishaanii ykn nyaata xuraa'aa irraa qabama.
Namoonni tokko tokko infekshinii Salmonellaa qaban mallattoowwan hin qaban. Hedduun namootaa gara 8 hanga 72 sa'aatii booda qarqara, ho'aa fi dhukkubbii gadameessaa (abdominal) argatu. Namoota fayyaa ta'an hedduun guyyaa muraasa ykn torban booda yaala addaatiin ala fayyu.
Haala tokko tokkootti, qarqarichi bishaanii qaama keessaa ba'uu cimaa fiduun, yaala hatattamaa gaafata. Rakkooleen lubbuu balaaleffatan immoo infekshiniin qalqaloo guddaa irraa darbee yoo babal'ate uumamuu danda'u. Yaaddoo infekshinii Salmonellaa argachuu ol'aana biyyoota bishaan ittisaa fi hojiin dhiibbaa gaarii hin qabne imalaa waliin jira.
Mallattoolee
Infekshini Salmonellaa, yeroo baay'ee, nyaachuu foon, qolaa fi qeebii, ykn qooda qeebii, gosa hin daqqaqne ykn aannan hin daqqaqne irraa, ykn aannan hin daqqaqne dhuguu irraa kan dhufudha. Yeroo itti uumamu - yeroo gidduu walitti qabamuu fi dhukkuba - sa'aatii 6 hanga guyyaa 6 ga'u danda'a. Yeroo baay'ee, namni infekshina Salmonellaa qabu, dhukkuba garaa akka qabu itti dhaga'ama.
Mallattoolee fi malaammaltoonni infekshina Salmonellaa kanneen armaan gadii of keessaa qabaatu:
- Dhibicha
- Dhukkubbii garaa (Dhukkubbii hidda)
- Ho'i
- Burqoo
- Deebii
- Shakku
- Maddi
- Dhiiga qarqara keessa
Mallattoolee fi malaammaltoonni infekshina Salmonellaa, umuriin guyyaa muraasa hanga torbanitti turu. Dhibichi guyyaa 10 hanga turu danda'a, garuu, garaa garaa garaa hiddaatti deebi'uuf ji'oota muraasa fudhachuu danda'a.
Gosa bakteeriyaa Salmonellaa muraasa, dhukkuba tayfaayidii, dhukkuba yeroo tokko tokko ajjeechaa fidu, biyyoota guddina hin qabne keessatti baay'inaan argamu, fidu.
Yeroo itti ogeessa fayyaa argitu
Namoonni hedduun yaala salmoneellaa waan ofii isaaf itti fayyadamu guyyaa muraasa keessatti waan itti bareef, yaalaa argachuuf barbaachisu hin qabu.
Haata'u malee, namni qabame daa'ima, daa'ima xixiqqaa, jaarsoli ykn namni qaamni isaa ittisuu dadhabamu yoo ta'e, dhukkuba:
- Guyyaa muraasa caalaa yoo itti fage
- Ho'i guddaa ykn qarqara dhiiga waliin yoo walitti hidhamu
- Dhihinnaan, akka gaditti dhiibbaa, urinii dukkanaa fi afaan fi arrabni qal'aa qabaachuun mul'atu yoo uumamu, ogeessa fayyaa waamaa.
Sababoota
Baakteeriyaan Salmonellaa keessatti nama, bineensota, fi simbirroota keessa jira. Namoonni hedduun baakteeriyaa Salmonellaatiin nyaata ykn bishaan qara qallabsiisee itti faffaca'e nyaachuudhaan qabamu.
Wantoota balaa fidan
Sababaan itti danda'an akka qabamuu dhukkuba Salmonellaa sirreeffamuuf jiru keessatti:
- Gochaan bakteeriyaa Salmonellaa waliin walitti dhihaachuu dandeessu
- Rakkoon fayyaa itti danda'an ittisuu dhukkuba waliin walitti dhihaachuu dandeessu
Rakkoolee
Infeekshinii Salmonellaa yeroo baay'ee lubbuu nama hin barbaachisu. Haa ta'u malee, namoota tokko tokko keessatti — keessattuu daa'immanii fi ijoollee xinnoo, jaarsoliifi, warra qooda qaamaa fudhatan, dubartoota ulfa, fi namoota sirna ittisa dhukkuba isaanii dadhabbii qaban — wal'aansoo uumamuun balaa ta'uu danda'a.
Ittisa
Ministeerri Qonnaa Amerikaa (USDA) sagantaalee tilmaamaa, qorannoo fi qormaata birrii fi foon ilaalchisee eegumsa fi fooyya'insa taasisa. Kaayyoon isaa lakkoofsa dhibee salmonellaa biyya Amerikaa hir'isuu dha. Haala miiraa itti fayyadamuu, harka dhiqachuu, qoramuu irraa fageenya ba'uu fi foon, aannan ykn humna ba'aa gubbaa hin nyaatin, dhibee salmonellaa argachuu fi bakteeriyaa gara warra kaaniitti dabarsuu irraa of eeggachuu dandeessu. Malaammaltoonni ittisuun, yeroo nyaata qopheessuu ykn ijoollee, warra umurii guddaan ga'an fi namoota qaamni isaanii dadhabbii qabu kunuunsuu keessatti baay'ee barbaachisaa dha.
Sakatta’iinsa dhukkuba
Infekshini Salmonellaa, yeroo baay'ee mallattoolee fi malaammaltoota irratti hundaa'ee ni diigama.
Infekshini Salmonellaa, qorannoo guutuutti qorachuun ni argamu. Haa ta'u malee, namoonni hedduun yeroo bu'aa qorannichaa dhufutti, malaammaltoonni isaanii ni fayyu.
Yoo ogeessi fayyaa kee, infekshini Salmonellaa dhiiga keetti akka qabdu shakku yoo ta'e, bakteeriyaa sanaaf dhiiga kee qorachuun barbaachisaa ta'a.
Yaala
Namoonni fayyaa qabu hedduun guyyaa muraasaa ykn torban tokko keessatti yaala addaatiin ala fayyaan isaanii deebi'a. Dhiibbaa bishaanii ittisuun dhiibbaa bishaanii gahaa dhabuu ittisuun fayyina keessan deebisuu keessatti isiniif gargaara.
Sababa infeekshinii salmonella dhiibbaa bishaanii waan uumuuf, yaaluun bishaanii fi elektaroolaayitii - mineraaloota madda bishaanii qaama keessatti madaalu - deebisuuf xiyyeeffannaa kennina.
Dhiibbaan bishaanii yoo cimaate, kunuunsa mana yaalaa hatattamaa ykn mana yaalaa keessa jiraachuun barbaachisaa ta'a, kanaafuu bishaanii gara sirreefaatti (intravenous) akka geeffamu gochuu danda'a.
Ogeessi fayyaa keessan bishaan hedduu akka dhugdan isiniif yaadachiisuu dabalatee, kana armaan gadii isiniif yaadachiisuu danda'a:
Antibayootiksii. Ogeessi fayyaa keessan bakteeriyaa ajjeesuuf antibayootiksii isiniif qopheessuu danda'a. Kun yeroo baay'ee ogeessi keessan bakteeriyaa salmonella gara dhiiga keessan seenuun shakkuu, infeekshinni keessan cimaa ta'uu ykn sirna ittisaa keessan dadhabbii ta'uu yoo yaaduuf kennama.
Antibayootiksiin haala infeekshinii salmonella hedduu keessatti gargaaraa miti. Dhugaa dubbachuun, antibayootiksiin yeroo bakteeriyaa qabattanii fi warra kaaniin qabsiisuu itti dheeressuu danda'a. Akkasumas, yeroo biraa qabamuu keessan (deebii) itti guddisuu danda'a.
- Anti-diyarriyaal. Qorichoota loperamide (Imodium A-D) fakkaatan dhiibbaa garaa irraa dhukkuba gad-dhiibbaa qulqulleessuu keessatti gargaara. Haa ta'u malee, dhiibbaa gad-dhiibbaa wajjin wal qabate infeekshinii salmonella itti dheeressuu danda'a.
- Antibayootiksii. Ogeessi fayyaa keessan bakteeriyaa ajjeesuuf antibayootiksii isiniif qopheessuu danda'a. Kun yeroo baay'ee ogeessi keessan bakteeriyaa salmonella gara dhiiga keessan seenuun shakkuu, infeekshinni keessan cimaa ta'uu ykn sirna ittisaa keessan dadhabbii ta'uu yoo yaaduuf kennama.
Antibayootiksiin haala infeekshinii salmonella hedduu keessatti gargaaraa miti. Dhugaa dubbachuun, antibayootiksiin yeroo bakteeriyaa qabattanii fi warra kaaniin qabsiisuu itti dheeressuu danda'a. Akkasumas, yeroo biraa qabamuu keessan (deebii) itti guddisuu danda'a.
Of kunuunsuu
Yeroo salmoneellaan dhukkubsattan yaala fayyaa barbaachisu hin argattanillee, bishaan dhabuu irraa of eeggachuu qabda, kunis dhibicha fi baqbala waliin wal qabatee dhimma baay'ee mul'atu dha.
- Gurguddoonni hedduun dhibicha, baqbala ykn ho'iitiin bishaan dhabanii qaban, kan miidhaa qabeessaa fi giddu galeessa qaban, bishaan ykn dhangaa biroo hedduu dhuguudhaan haala isaanii fooyyessuu danda'u. Dhibichi, dhangaa fiixaawaa guutuun fi dhangaa qal'aa irraa hammaachuu danda'a.
- Daa'immanii fi ijoolleen dhibicha, baqbala ykn ho'iitiin bishaan dhaban, faayidaa qabu malee walitti qabamuu hin barbaachifne, faayidaa bishaan deebisuu afaan irraa argattan fayyadamuu qabu. Dhangoota kunneen keessatti bishaan fi sibiilaan qooda adda addaatiin walitti qabaman jira, kana malees, dhangaa fi sibiilaa deebisuuf.
Qophii yeroo beellama keetii
Getting Ready for Your Doctor's Appointment
When you schedule a doctor's visit, it's helpful to be prepared. Bringing a friend or family member along can be really useful. They might remember details you forget or miss during the appointment.
Here's how to get ready for your appointment:
Before your visit:
It's a good idea to think about some questions you want to ask your doctor. Don't be shy about asking anything that comes to mind!
Your doctor needs some information to help them understand your situation. Being prepared to answer these questions will make your appointment more productive.
- Check for any special instructions: Before your appointment, ask your doctor's office if there are any special things you need to do beforehand, like changing your diet.
- Write down your symptoms: List all your symptoms, even those that might seem unrelated to the reason you're seeing the doctor. For example, if you have a headache and also feel tired, list both.
- Gather important details: Write down key personal information like major stresses, recent life changes, or recent travel. This helps the doctor understand the bigger picture.
- List all medications: Make a list of all the medicines, vitamins, herbs, and supplements you're taking, including the doses.
- Prepare questions: Write down questions you want to ask your doctor. This will help you remember them during the appointment.
Example questions:
- What is the most likely cause of my symptoms?
- Are there other possible explanations for my symptoms?
- What tests do I need?
- What is the best treatment plan?
- Are there any alternative treatments?
- I have other health conditions. How can I manage them all together?
- Are there any restrictions I need to follow?
- Should I see a specialist?
- If medication is prescribed, are there any generic alternatives?
Important information to include if applicable:
- When your symptoms started: Knowing when the problem began helps the doctor understand the timeline.
- How often are you experiencing symptoms? For example, how often are you vomiting or having diarrhea?
- Describe the vomit or stool: If you're vomiting or having diarrhea, describe what you're seeing, such as if there's bile, mucus, or blood.
- Do you have a fever?
- Have you traveled recently? If you've traveled outside the country recently, tell your doctor.
By being prepared with this information, you can have a more productive and helpful appointment with your healthcare provider.
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