Tapvr

Deebiin Al-haalaa Shira Pulmonarya Guutummaa (TAPVR)

Deebiin al-haalaa shira pulmonarya guutummaa (TAPVR) keessatti, shira pulmonaryni haala sirrii hin taaneen dhiiga gara kutaa ol-mirgaa mirga garaaatti ni erga. Kutaan sun atriyam mirgaa jedhama. Kanaafuu, dhiigni oksijiinni baay'ee qabu dhiiga oksijiini muraasa waliin ni wal-qixxaata, akkuma kan uumama dhagnaan argisiisamu. Garaa barabaraatti, gara mirgaatti argisiisame, dhiigni oksijiinni baay'ee qabu shira pulmonary irraa gara kutaa ol-mirgaa bitaa, atriyam bitaa jedhamuutti ni deemata.

Deebiin al-haalaa shira pulmonarya guutummaa (TAPVR) rakkoo garaa naannoo ta'e yoo jiraatu, yeroo dhalootaatti argamuudha. Jechuunis, dhibee garaa dhalootaa dha.

Maqaa biroo haala kanaaf moggaafaman:

• Walitti-hidhiin shira pulmonarya guutummaa
• TAPVC

Haala garaa kana keessatti, shara garaa sammuu, shira pulmonary jedhaman, bakka sirrii hin taane keessatti garaa waliin ni hidhaman.

Garaa barabaraatti, dhiigni oksijiinni baay'ee qabu sammuu irraa gara kutaa ol-mirgaa bitaa garaa, atriyam bitaa jedhamuutti ni deemata. Dhiigni sana booda qaama keessa ni deemata.

TAPVR keessatti, walitti-hidhiin shira jijjiirama. Dhiigni gara kutaa ol-mirgaa mirga garaa, atriyam mirgaa jedhamuutti ni deemata. Jijjiirama sochii dhiiga kanaaf dhiigni oksijiini muraasa dhiiga oksijiinni baay'ee qabu waliin ni wal-qixxaata. Kanaafuu, dhiigni gara qaamaa deemu oksijiini gahaa hin qabu.

Gosa TAPVR adda addaa bakka shiriin walitti hidhamanirratti hundaa'a. Daa'imman hedduun TAPVR waliin dhalatan seenaa dhibee garaa dhalootaa maatii hin qaban.

Daa'imni TAPVR qabu rakkina hirriiruu qabaachuu danda'a. Ilma sanaa tiigsa isaa gara garaa dhiqaa ykn garaa buluuf, sababa oombisaa xiqqaa irraa kan ka'e. Kunis sayanaasis jedhama.

Hojjetaa fayyaa kun yeroo dhaloota booda utuu hin turin mallattoowwan TAPVR ilaala. Garuu ijoolleen tokko tokko yeroo booda mallattoowwan hin qaban.

Doktarri fayyaa ilmaa kee qorannoo qaamaa godha, fi garaa ilmaa kee stethoscopeen dhaga'a. Sagalee gogaa, kan murmurii garaa jedhamu, dhaga'amuu danda'a.

Ekkookardiyoograamni qorannoo deggersa deebiiwwan garaa balaa keessa galan guutummaa walitti qabamuu fayyadamuudha. Qorannoo kun sagalee fiigichaa fayyadamuun suuraa garaa socho'aa uuma. Ekkookardiyoograamni garaa balaa keessa galan, qullaa garaa keessa jiran, fi guddaan qophiilee garaa agarsiisa. Inni akkasumas socho'ina dhiiga garaa keessa fi walitti qabamoota garaa agarsiisa.

Qorannoowwan biroo kan akka elektirookardiyoograamii, suuraa X-reyii, ykn suuraa CT godhamuu danda'a yoo odeeffannoo dabalataa barbaachise.

Yaala TAPVR yeroo ilmi daa'imni ta'u guutummaatti barbaachisa. Yeroo yaalaa dhaabbii yoo jiraate irratti hundaa'a. Garaa sirreessuuf, yaaltoonni garaa balaa keessa galan garaa ol-ta'aa bitaa garaa waliin walitti qabsiisu. Isaanis qullaa garaa ol-ta'aa gidduu jiru cufu.

Namni deebiiwwan garaa balaa keessa galan guutummaatti qabuu qabu yeroo hundumaa qorannoo fayyaa gochuu qaba, dhukkuba, dhaabbii, ykn rakkoowwan socho'ina garaa ilaaluuf. Doktarri dhukkuba garaa dhalootaa keessaatti leenca qabu kunuunsa kennuu qaba. Kanaa kanneen akka kardioloojista dhalootaa jedhama.

Congenital Heart Defects in Children: A Guide for Families

Congenital heart defects (CHDs) are problems with the heart's structure that are present at birth. Some CHDs, like small holes in the heart or mild valve issues, might only need regular check-ups with imaging tests like echocardiograms every few years. More serious CHDs might need surgery, either through a traditional open-heart procedure or a less invasive method using tools in a cardiac catheterization lab. In extremely severe cases, a heart transplant might be necessary.

Recognizing Symptoms

The signs of a CHD can vary greatly depending on the child's age. Infants often show symptoms during feeding, like shortness of breath, difficulty breathing, or sweating. Younger children might experience nausea, vomiting, or discomfort during and after eating or physical activity. Older children and teenagers might have chest pain, fainting (syncope), or a racing heartbeat (palpitations), especially during exercise. These are all important warning signs that a child needs to be evaluated by a doctor, particularly if they occur with physical activity.

Questions to Ask Your Doctor

After a CHD diagnosis, it's normal to have many questions. It's crucial to ask your doctor about the future plan for your child. Discuss:

• Future procedures: What surgeries or other treatments might be needed in the next few years?
• Testing and follow-up: What types of tests and doctor visits will be needed?
• Impact on daily activities: How will this affect your child's ability to participate in sports, school activities, and other daily routines?
• Long-term outlook: How can you work with the medical team to help your child live as normal a life as possible despite the CHD?

Surgery Timing

If surgery is required, discuss with your doctor the optimal timing for the procedure. Different CHDs are best treated at specific times to maximize short-term and long-term outcomes.

Sports and Physical Activity

Many parents and children ask about participating in sports. Most children with CHDs can participate in sports, but certain types of intense activity might be restricted. Some children may have CHDs that put them at higher risk of complications from strenuous exercise. Your doctor can assess your child's specific condition and advise on appropriate activities and limitations.

Heredity and Pregnancy

If a parent has a CHD, there's a small chance their child might also have one. The type of CHD could be the same or different. If a parent with a CHD becomes pregnant, close monitoring during pregnancy, including extra fetal echocardiograms, is important.

Important Note

Maintaining open communication with your child's cardiologist is essential. These patients are often followed for decades, and you should ask questions about anything that seems unclear or doesn't make sense to you. Don't hesitate to contact the team with any questions or concerns.

Diagnosing Congenital Heart Defects

Congenital heart defects can sometimes be detected during pregnancy through a standard 2D ultrasound. After birth, a healthcare professional might suspect a CHD based on:

• Growth Delays: Slowed growth can indicate a heart problem.
• Color Changes: Changes in the color of lips, tongue, or fingernails (cyanosis) can suggest low oxygen levels.
• Heart Murmurs: A sound heard with a stethoscope during a heartbeat. Not all heart murmurs are dangerous, but some indicate a CHD.

Diagnostic Tests

Several tests can help diagnose a CHD:

• Pulse Oximetry: Measures oxygen levels in the blood.
• Electrocardiogram (ECG/EKG): Records the electrical activity of the heart.
• Echocardiogram: Uses sound waves to create images of the heart and blood flow.
• Chest X-Ray: Shows the condition of the heart and lungs.
• Cardiac Catheterization: A thin tube is inserted into a blood vessel to examine the heart's structure and function. Some treatments can be performed during this procedure.
• Heart MRI: Uses magnetic fields and radio waves to create detailed images of the heart.

These tests help doctors determine the type and severity of the CHD to develop the best treatment plan.

Ilaalchaa qalbii dhalootaa uumamaa ijoollee irratti hundaa'u rakkoo qalbii adda addaa fi hamma daran itti ulfaataa irratti kan hundaa'udha.

Rakkoo qalbii dhalootaa uumamaa tokko tokko ijoollee fayyaa irratti dhiibbaa dheeraa hin qabu. Yaala malee akka gaariitti itti deemu danda'u.

Rakkoo qalbii dhalootaa uumamaa biroo, kan akka qullaa xinnoo qalbii keessa jiru, ijoolleen guddinaan itti guddatan cufachuu danda'a.

Rakkoo qalbii dhalootaa uumamaa cimaan argamanii booda yeroo gabaabaa keessa yaala barbaada. Yaalli kun kanneen armaan gadii of keessaa qabaachuu danda'a:

• Qoricha.
• Hojiiwwan qalbii.
• Yaala qalbii.
• Guurgura qalbii.

Qorichootaan mallattoowwan ykn rakkoolee qalbii dhalootaa uumamaa walitti qabatan yaaluuf itti fayyadamuu danda'a. Ofuma isaaniitiin ykn waliin yaalota biroo waliin itti fayyadamuu danda'a. Qorichoota rakkoo qalbii dhalootaa uumamaa keessatti argaman armaan gadii of keessaa qabu:

• Dhangaa bishaanii, diuretics jedhamanis ni jedhama. Gosa qorichaa kun dhangaa qaama keessaa baasuuf gargaara. Qalbiin irratti ulfaataa hir'isuuf gargaara.
• Qorichoota walitti qabamuu qalbii, anti-arrhythmics jedhamanis ni jedhama. Qorichoota kunneen walitti qabamuu qalbii hin barbaachifne to'achuuf gargaara.

Ijoolleen keessan rakkoo qalbii dhalootaa uumamaa cimaa yoo qabaate, hojii qalbii ykn yaala ni yaadamma.

Hojiiwwan qalbii fi yaalota rakkoo qalbii dhalootaa uumamaa yaaluuf hojjetaman armaan gadii of keessaa qabu:

• Cardiac catheterization. Rakkoo qalbii dhalootaa uumamaa ijoollee keessatti argaman tokko tokko catheters jedhaman tuubboolee xixiqqaa, qal'aa fayyadamuun ni sirreessama. Yaalota akkasiin doktoroonni qalbiin yaala baname malee qalbiin sirreessuu danda'u. Doktarri catheterin sibiila dhiigaa, baay'inaan gubbaa keessa, galchuun gara qalbiitti geessisa. Yeroo tokko tokko catheter caalaa tokko itti fayyadama. Bakka gahe booda, doktarri meeshaalee xixiqqaa catheter keessa galchuun haala qalbii sirreessa. Fakkeenyaaf, dooktarri qullaa qalbii keessa ykn bakka walitti cufaman sirreessuu danda'a. Yaalota catheter tokko tokko waggaa tokko keessatti tarii tarii hojjetama.
• Yaala qalbii. Ijoolleen tokko tokko rakkoo qalbii dhalootaa uumamaa sirreessuuf yaala qalbii baname ykn yaala qalbii xiqqoo itti fayyadamuun barbaachisa. Gosa yaala qalbii yaadame jijjiirama qalbii adda adda irratti hundaa'a.
• Guurgura qalbii. Rakkoo qalbii dhalootaa uumamaa cimaan sirreessuu hin dandeenye yoo ta'e, guurgura qalbii barbaachisa ta'uu danda'a.
• Fetal cardiac intervention. Kun yaala ijoollee rakkoo qalbii qaban irratti hojjetamuudha, kunis dhaloota dura hojjetamuudha. Rakkoo qalbii dhalootaa uumamaa cimaa sirreessuuf ykn rakkoolee ijoolleen ulfaataa keessa guddatan ittisuuf hojjetama. Fetal cardiac intervention baay'ee hin hojjetama, haala adda adda keessatti qofa hojjetama.

Ijoolleen tokko tokko rakkoo qalbii dhalootaa uumamaa waliin dhalatan jireenya guutuu keessatti yaalota fi hojiiwwan hedduu barbaadu. Kunis kunuunsa hordoffii jireenya guutuu barbaada. Ijoolleen kun doktora dhukkuba qalbii keessatti leenji'e, cardiologist jedhaman, waliin yeroo yeroo qorannoo fayyaa barbaadu. Kunuunsa hordoffii kun qorannoo dhiiga fi suuraa rakkoolee ilaaluuf barbaachisa ta'a.

[Muuziqaa taphachaa]

Abdii fi fayyina qalbii xixiqqoo.

Dr. Dearani: Hojii koo keessa yoo ilaale, yaala qalbii xiqqoo hedduu hojjeta. Kana hojjechuufis, umurii guddaan jalqabetti baradheefidha. Kanaafuu, yaala qalbii robotiik teenjeejjiirratti hojjechuun mana yaala ijoollee keessatti argachuu hin dandeenye, teknooloojii kana argachuu waan hin dandeenyeefidha.

[Muuziqaa taphachaa]

Yoo ilma kee dhukkuba onnee dhalootaa qabaate, jijjiirama jireenyaa akka onnee isaa fayyinaa taasisu fi rakkoolee itti dhufan ittisuuf ni yaadamma.

• Dhorkaa tapha fi sochii. Ijoolleen tokko tokko dhukkuba onnee dhalootaa qaban sochii ykn tapha hir'isuutu baay'ee barbaachisaadha. Haa ta'u malee, warri kaaniin hedduun tapha keessa galuun ni danda'u. Ogeessi kunuunsa ilma kee kanneen tapha fi gosa sochii itti fayyadamuuf sirrii ta'e siif himu ni danda'a.
• Antibiyootikii ittisuu. Dhukkuba onnee dhalootaa tokko tokko balaa qabamuu sirreeffama onnee ykn walitti qabamuu onnee, kan inni jedhamu infective endocarditis, guddisu ni danda'a. Antibiyootikii dura tarsiimoo ilkaanii ittisuuf, keessumaa namoota waan midhaan onnee qaban, ni yaadamma. Ilma kee doktera onnee gaafadhu yoo antibiyootikii ittisuu barbaachisaa ta'e.

Namoota haala walfakkaata keessa darban waliin dubbachuun jajjabinaa fi jajjabeessaa siif fidu ni danda'a. Garee deeggarsa naannoo keessatti argamu yoo jiraatu garee fayyaa gaafadhu.

Dhukkuba onnee dhalootaa waliin jiraachuun ijoollee tokko tokko dhiphina ykn yaaddoo keessa galfachuu danda'a. Waliin dubbachuun gorsaa siifi ilma kee haala dhiphinaa fi yaaddoo to'achuuf haaraa barsiisu ni danda'a. Odeeffannoo gorsitoonni naannoo keessatti argaman ilaalchisee ogeessa fayyaa gaafadhu.