Telehealth mu gihe ufite umuntu: Ni gute wamenya ubwoko bwa viziti ukeneye koko

Hitamo viziti ya virtual mugihe ikibazo gikemuka cyo kuvugana: gusubizamo imiti, kwirunduranya hamwe amafoto asobanutse, terapiti, indwara zamara igihe zitihanganijwe. Hitamo kugenda mugihe diagnozi biterwa nibisuzumwa byumubiri, ibyiza, ibizamini, gusuzuma, cyangwa kumanika. Telehealth mu gihe ufite umuntu ntikunze kuba kimwe cyangwa ikindi, kandi inzira nyinshi zubuvuzi zikoresha zombi.

TL;DR: Ibintu by'ingenzi bikomeye

• Ibisuzumwa kimwe birabikemura: ese iyi nkimwe ishobora kwirukanwa cyangwa kwirukanwa hadakoreshejwe gusuzumwa k'umubiri, ibyiza, ibizamini, cyangwa gusuzuma?
• Genda virtual kugirango usubizemo imiti nimiti yo gufata, ibimenyetso byimitsi yimitsi nigitubyutse, kwirunduranya ushobora gufata amafoto neza, ibimenyetso bya grippe na COVID, terapiti nimiti ya psikiyatri gusuzuma, nibisubizo gusubiramo.
• Genda mugihe kubababara mushya kumubiri, igituza, cyangwa kubitsina, gutinya gusenyuka, ikintu gishya, nicyo cyose gisaba kumanika, gusuzuma, cyangwa imiti.
• Nta na kimwe, kubimenyetso byo guturika k'umutima cyangwa k'ubwonko. Hamagara 911 kandi ntuzitware ubwawe.
• Ibisuzumwa byihariye byo muri 2024 byubushakashatsi 77 byerekanye ko ibisubizo byari bisa, hamwe na rimwe rya rya nyakwigendera: abarwayi ba telehealth bari bake cyane kugirango babone ibizamini nibisuzumwa.

Telehealth mu gihe ufite umuntu ni ikibazo gikwiye: gabanya niba inkomere yawe isaba gusuzuma umubiri

Telehealth mu gihe ufite umuntu bigana ku bisuzumwa kimwe: ese iyi nkomere yihariye ishobora kwirukanwa cyangwa kwirukanwa hadakoreshejwe gusuzumwa k'umubiri, ibyiza, ibizamini, cyangwa gusuzuma? Niba yego, viziti ya virtual ni uburyo bwo guhuriza hamwe, guhugura, gucunga imiti, no gukurikirana indwara zamara igihe zitihanganijwe. Niba oya, kora mugihe. Telehealth ntabwo ari diagnozi binyuze, rero inkomere nshya cyangwa impinduka zisaba kwicara mu cyumba.

Iyo itandukaniro rishobora byinshi kuruta urutonde rwa pros na cons, kuko ribana nawe. Umuntu wese ashobora gukoresha viziti ya videwo kugirango akosore imiti muri Werurwe kandi akemera kwicara mu biro kubabara kumugongo muri Mata. Nta kintu na kimwe cyerekeranye n'ikoranabuhanga cyahindutse. Ikibazo cyabajijwe cyahindutse.

Bityo, uzibyare nk'ibyo bikurikiranira aho guhangana. Inzira nziza yubuvuzi ishobora gutangira virtual, ikagusubiramo mu murongo ukwiye, hanyuma igakoresha igihe mugihe cyo kwicara kubikorwa byakenera amaboko y'umuganga, igishishwa, cyangwa urushinge.

Ubuvuzi bwa virtual bwegukana mugihe viziti ari kuvugana byinshi

Kumenya igihe wakoresha telehealth biroroshye niba utekereza ibiba mugihe cyo kwicara: niba umuganga yamara igihe kinini yumva, asubiramo, kandi yemeza, kamera irahagije. Abaganga basuzumwe batangaza ko bakoresha virtual yabo cyane muri iyi gahunda: gucunga indwara zamara igihe (73%), gucunga imiti (64%), guhuza ubuvuzi (60%), nibikorwa byingenzi (53%).

Mu bikorwa, bivuze ko ubuvuzi bwa virtual bukorana gusubizamo imiti no gusuzuma imiti, ibimenyetso byimitsi yimitsi nigitubyutse mubantu babigize mbere, kwirunduranya ushobora gufata amafoto mumuriro mwiza, ibimenyetso bya grippe na COVID, ibiganiro bya terapiti nimiti ya psikiyatri gusuzuma, gusubiramo ibisubizo byibizamini, gusubiramo viziti nyuma yo gusubiramo, nibimenyetso byimitsi.

Igipimo cyihuta nticyagera ku busa ariko nticyageze kuri zeru. Ukeneye terefone ngendanwa cyangwa mudasobwa ifite kamera ikora, ahantu hubusa ushobora kuvugira ku buntu, nubuhuza bukomeye. Fata urutonde rwawe rw'imiti, farumasi yawe, nimiti yose yo mu rugo yo kugabanya umuvuduko w'amaraso cyangwa glukozes mbere yuko uhamagara utangira, kuko viziti yamaze guhiga icyo byerekana ko ari viziti yakoreshejwe nabi.

Niba inkomere yawe iri kuri urwo rutonde, viziti ya buri munsi ya virtual ya virtual ikugera kumuganga wemewe muri Amerika wemeza ibimenyetso byawe kandi akemeza niba imiti ikwiye. Umuganga niwe ufata icyo cyemezo, atari platform, kandi viziti ya virtual ntishobora gufata ibizamini, gusuzuma, cyangwa kukugerageza mu maboko.

Igihe gusuzuma ari nako bisuzuma, ugomba kuba uri mu cyumba

Dore ubwoko bw'ubwoko bwo kwibuka: niba igisubizo gikwiye ku mubare cyangwa kumukubitiro, kora mugihe. Kugabanya umuvuduko w'amaraso, kumanika inkware, A1c, umubiri w'umubiri. Videwo irashobora kugerageza gusa kuri bine.

Impamvu zihamye zo kwicara mu biro zirimo kubabara kumubiri mushya, igituza, cyangwa kubitsina, gutinya gusenyuka cyangwa kwangirika, ikintu gishya ahantu hose, ibibazo by'amatwi cyangwa ijosi aho kureba imbere bigahindura gahunda, icyo cyose gisaba ibizamini, gusuzuma, cyangwa kumanika, ibikorwa nk'ibitonyanga, gusunika ingingo, gusaba IUD, cyangwa kwikingiza, hamwe nibisuzumwa bya buri mwaka na screening exams.

Screening ni ikibazo gikomeye gikomeye. Umuganga ashobora gutumiza mammogram, colonoscopy, cyangwa imiti mugihe cyo kwicara, ariko nta muntu washobora gukora ibyo bisuzumwa binyuze muri ekran. Amategeko ni igice cya virtual. Ibisuzumwa ntibiri.

Reka dukore ku kwiyongera kwa diagnozi, ni inzira yihishwa yo kwicara kworoshye. Viziti eshatu za videwo kubijyanye no gukorora kimwe bizaguma nk'iterambere kandi bikagera ku giciro cyikigero kimwe cyo kwicara, ariko bishobora gutuma habaho gusuzuma igituza kwashoboraga kwemeza ikibazo mu cyumweru cya kabiri.

Ibishobora kwicara ntabwo bikwiye umurongo uwo ari wo wose: hamagara 911 mbere

Hamagara 911 cyangwa jya ku bitaro byihutirwa ubu niba:

• Kubabara igituza cyangwa ingufu bifata iminota myinshi, cyangwa bifata kandi bigataha, cyangwa kubabara mumugongo, ijosi, inyuma, amaboko, cyangwa amaguru, hamwe no guhumeka bikomeye, imitsi y'imbeho, kworoherwa, cyangwa kwironda, ibyo CDC ivuga mu ibimenyetso byo guturika k'umutima
• Kwumva cyangwa kwanga mu maso, amaboko, cyangwa amaguru, cyane cyane ku ruhande rumwe, urujijo cyangwa ikibazo cyo kuvuga, ikibazo cyo kubona, ikibazo cyo kugenda cyangwa kwangirika kw'ibigize, cyangwa ikibazo gikomeye cy'umutwe kitazwi.
• Kwanga kugenzurwa cyangwa kwangirika bikomeye
• Ibinyamerika byo kwironda bikomeye, nk'uburibwe bw'uburibwe cyangwa umuhogo kandi ugahumeka bikomeye nyuma yo kwigaragaza kumwiza
• Ibibazo byose uko byakabiri umuntu cyangwa uwahamagaye yumva ko byonone k'ubuzima

Kubijyanye nibimenyetso byo k'ubwonko cyane cyane, CDC igisha ni uguhindura 911 kandi ntukite ku rugendo, kuko imiti ikora neza igomba gutangwa mu gihe cy'amasaha atatu kuva inkomere yatangira. Telehealth ntabwo yari gusimbuza ubuvuzi bwihutirwa, kandi viziti ya virtual muri idirishya yihuta iminota y'agaciro.

Kora viziti mu cyumweru gitaha niba:

• Gukorora cyangwa ikindi kimenyetso bimaze ibyumweru bibiri
• Inshuro yahinduye ingano, ishusho, cyangwa ibara
• Indwara zamara igihe zitihanganijwe irimo irakerekezwa mu cyerekezo gitari cyiza
• Ibisuzumwa byo mu rugo byo kugabanya umuvuduko w'amaraso biguma hejuru mu gihe cy'iminsi myinshi
• Uburemere bwawe bwahindutse budasobanuye

Vugana numuganga mbere yuko utangira niba:

• Wari wabyaye
• Umwana ni umwana
• Wari ufite imitsi ihindagurika cyangwa ufata imiti ihindagurika.
• Ufite amateka y'umutima kandi ikimenyetso gishya cy'igituza kizamuka.

Telehealth ihuriza hamwe ibisubizo byiza, ariko ibimenyetso biragaragara

Telehealth ni byiza nk'ubuvuzi bwo mu biro? Muri rusange yego, ku bimenyetso byiza bihari. Ibisuzumwa byihariye byakorewe na AHRQ na Johns Hopkins Evidence-based Practice Center, byashyizwe ahagaragara muri NPJ Digital Medicine muri 2024, byahujije ubushakashatsi 77 bwakozwe kuva Werurwe 2020 kugeza Mata 2023 kandi byagaragaje telehealth ihurizwa hamwe mubuvuzi bwo mu biro mubikorwa byose mubuvuzi bw'ibanze, ubuzima bwo mu mutwe no kwitwara, uburuhukiro n'ubuvuzi bwa ginikoloji, nubuvuzi bw'indwara zamara igihe. Aho impinduka zagaragaye, zagiye ziba ngufi cyangwa zidafite agaciro.

Ibisubizo bibiri bigana mu cyerekezo gitandukanye kandi byombi birakoreshwa. Abafite ibimenyetso bya telehealth bakunze gusiba viziti nkeya kandi bagaragaza ibyo bafata imiti nubwoko bwabo, ariko kandi bagize ibigereranyo bifatika by'ibizamini n'ibigurukwaho, ni bwo buryo bukomeye bw'ibintu byose by'ingenzi byavuzwe haruguru.

Inyandiko y'ukuri: uko kwizerana kwishingikirije ku buryo budafite agaciro. Ubushakashatsi bumwe bwagaragaje ko 59% by'ubushakashatsi bwo gusuzuma bwari bufite akaga gakomeye cyangwa gakomeye, kandi ni 34% gusa bagaragaje imibare y'imibare cyangwa imibare y'imibare. Kuringaniza muri rusange ntabwo ari ukugaragariza inkomere yawe.

Telehealth isanzwe igura amafaranga make, nubwo atari kubwoko ubwo ari bwo bwose bwa viziti

Igiciro cya telehealth mu gihe ufite umuntu gihagaze neza kubibazo bisanzwe byihutirwa, ariko ikigereranyo kigabanuka cyangwa kigakurwa nk'uko viziti igenda ihinduka. Viziti ya virtual igurisha amafaranga yayo isanzwe igura hagati ya $16 na $75, mu gihe cy'amafaranga $150 kugeza $300 kandi hejuru y'ibyo yo mu biro bikoreshwa mu rugo cyangwa viziti yihutirwa. Ubushakashatsi bwo muri 2022 bwakorewe muri The American Journal of Managed Care bwahaye abayobozi b'ikigereranyo cy'amafaranga $40 kugeza $50 kuri telehealth kandi ibindi bifitanye isano na $176, kandi ko igishushanyo ni imyaka myinshi.

Dore ibyo impapuro nyinshi zikubwira: telehealth mu gihe ufite umuntu kubijyanye n'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe ni byiza cyane kubijyanye n'igiciro, bityo rero hitamo ubwo buryo ku gukwirakwiza aho kugira ngo ugabanye amafaranga. Kandi ko igishushanyo mbonera k'umuntu mu rugo gikoreshwa cyane, kuko ingendo, parking, kandi igihe cy'akazi kitariho kidashyirwa ku rupapuro.

Ubwishingizi buhagarara telehealth? Nka buri gihe ku murongo. Imibare y'imyiteguro yerekana ko 92% by'imishinga ya Medicare Advantage, 94% by'abishyuraga ku giti cyabo, kandi 93% by'imishinga ya Medicaid. Gutanga ubwishingizi ntabwo bifite ishingiro kumubare bingana, rero yemeza ibintu bitatu:

• Fungura portal yawe yumunyamuryango kandi urebe ku "telehealth" cyangwa "virtual visit" nk'inyungu kandi ufite copay yihariye.
• Hamagara abakiriya ku mugongo wa kopi yawe kandi gusaba copay ya telehealth cyangwa kwishyura, kandi niba platform ya virtual iri mu murongo.
• Yegera niba ibizamini cyangwa ibyo gusuzuma byatanzwe mugihe cyo kwicara ku muntu bikoreshwa ukundi, kuko bikunze kuba ari ko biri.

Kugirwa ngo mwigendere ntabwo ari viziti ya telehealth yakoreshejwe ubusa: ni triage ikora

Ishyirahamwe ry'Abaganga b'Abaganga ba Amerikani rivuga ko gahunda ya telehealth igomba kugira ibipimo byihuse byo kwirukana no kwihutirwa, kandi ko abaganga bagomba kuvuga neza ibishobora kandi bidashobora gusuzumwa mu kure. Ushobora kubibandikira.

Baza ibibazo bibiri mbere yuko viziti irangira. Ni iki cyakongerera kwifuza ko tugenda, kandi igihe cyose iki gihe gikora? Hanyuma uhagire ibibazo: yegera niba amafaranga ya telehealth yongera kwishyurwa kubijyanye no gusubiramo cyangwa kwishyurwa ukundi, kandi gusaba inyandiko z'ibizamini, amabwiriza, nubutumwa bigahagarike kugirango utazasubiramo amateka yawe kuva ku busa.

Subiramo ibisubizo mugihe uri ku murongo. Viziti ya virtual y'iminota 20 itanga igihe cyo kwicara mu cyumweru, amabwiriza y'ibizamini, nubutumwa byarakozwe, ni byo triage ifuza.

Ibibazo byinshi

Telehealth ni byiza nk'umuntu kubijyanye n'ubuvuzi bwo mu mutwe?

Yego. Ubuzima bwo mu mutwe no kwitwara ni aho ubuvuzi bwa virtual bukora neza cyane, kandi ubushakashatsi bwo muri 2024 bwagaragaje ibisubizo bisa kubijyanye na terapiti no gucunga imiti. Ikidasanzwe ni kwandika: imiti igaburira telehealth kubijyanye na ADHD ni ibintu bikontorora, bityo amategeko yo kwandika ku kure atandukanye na leta na platform, kandi bamwe basaba gusuzumwa mu rugo mbere.

Umuganga wa telehealth ashobora kwandika imiti, harimo ibikontorora?

Rimwe na rimwe. Umuganga ashobora kwandika mugihe biboneye kubijyanye n'ubuvuzi, kandi nta viziti ihagaragaza ikinyobwa. Imiti ya antibiyotiki ikunze kuba ikibazo, kuko indwara nyinshi zifata imitsi ntabwo zizahinduka, kandi ibintu bikontorora harimo ibigaburira, benzodiazepines, na opiate bihari munsi y'amategeko ya leta na leta, kandi serivisi nyinshi za virtual zihutirwa zo kubigabanya.

Medicare ihagagara telehealth viziti muri 2026?

Yego. Medicare Part B ihagagarira urutonde rw'ubuvuzi bwa telehealth, harimo viziti z'ibiro, ubuzima bwo mu mutwe, rehabilitation ya karodiya na pulmonary, amahugurwa yo gucunga indwara ya diyabete, nubuzima bwo gusobanura, kuri coinsurance y'icyo gihe 20% nyuma ya Part B deductible nk'ubuvuzi bwo mu rugo. Ubwishingizi uhereye ahantu hose muri Amerika, harimo n'urugo rwawe, ubu burimo kugeza ku ya 31 Ukuboza 2027. Reba kandi uko Medicare ihagagarira ubuvuzi bwo mu mutwe.

Nshobora gukoresha telehealth niba ntanafite ubwishingizi?

Yego. Viziti ya virtual y'amafaranga yayo isanzwe ari igiciro cy'amafaranga utumiza mbere yuko utumiza, nta kirego cyashyizweho kandi nta rupapuro rwo gutungurwa nyuma y'ibyumweru, ni byiza cyane kuruta viziti y'umuntu udafite ubwishingizi. Ba igipimo cyihariye kubijyanye nibyo umuganga yavuze. Imiti, ibizamini, nibyo gusuzuma biboneka na farumasi cyangwa icyicaro, atari platform, kandi ntabwo bikubiye mu giciro cya viziti.

Nkeneye terefone ngendanwa cyangwa ibikoresho byihariye kuri viziti ya telehealth?

Oya. Serivisi nyinshi zishobora kurangiza viziti y'ijwi gusa niba videwo yawe igabanuka, bityo rero gusaba icyabaye mbere yuko wihanganira viziti. Ibikoresho byo mu rugo byongera agaciro nyako aho kuba ngombwa: umuvuduko w'amaraso, thermometer, glukose meter, na scale bitanga umuganga imibare nyayo. Kubijyanye no kwirunduranya, gufata amafoto y'akarere mumuriro, mumurongo, hamwe nibintu byiza.

Inyandiko ya nyuma

Saba telehealth mu gihe ufite umuntu nk'igeragezwa ryo kwizera kandi ubibone nk'ikibazo cyo guhuriza hamwe. Ibintu bifitanye isano n'ibiganiro bigomba kwicara kuri videwo, aho ibimenyetso byerekana ko bisa kandi byiza. Ibintu bifitanye isano n'ibipimo bigomba kwicara mu cyumba cy'ibizamini, kuko ariho ibyiza, kumanika, ibizamini, nibisuzumwa bibaho. Ibimenyetso byihutirwa bibereye 911. Bizaba byiza cyane nibikoresho byose byibasiwe nibyiciro byibasiwe nibyiciro byibasiwe nibyiciro byibasiwe nibyiciro byibasiwe.

Ubwishingizi: Inyandiko iri ni impamvu z'amakuru gusa kandi ntibikoreshwa nk'ubuvuzi. Komeza kwegera umuganga ufite ububasha kugirango ubashe kumenya no kwivuza. Niba ufite ibibazo by'ubuvuzi byihutirwa, hamagara 911 cyangwa jya ku bitaro byihutirwa bya hafi ako kanya.