Umwijima ni umusemburo muto, ufite ishusho y’igiperesi, uboneka munsi y’umwijima. Ni ingenzi cyane mu gushobora ibiryo, ahanini kuko ubitse kandi ugakora ubushuhe bw’umwijima bukora umwijima. Ubwo bushuhe ni umusemburo ufasha mu gusenya amavuta ava mu byo kurya, ibyo bikaba ari ngombwa mu gushobora ibiryo no kubona intungamubiri. Iyo uriye, umwijima uhindagurika kugira ngo ushyire ubushuhe mu ruhago rw’amara mato, bigafasha mu gushobora ibiryo.

Mu buryo bw’imiterere, umwijima ugira ibice bitatu by’ingenzi: igice cyo hasi, igice cy’umubiri, n’igice cy’ijosi. Buri gice gifite inshingano yacyo mu kubika no gushyira hanze ubushuhe bw’umwijima. Binyuze mu kugenzura imiterere y’ubushuhe bw’umwijima, umwijima uba ufasha mu mikorere myiza y’uburyo bwo gushobora ibiryo.

Umwijima utapfunyitse neza bibaho iyo ubitse ubushuhe bw’umwijima bwinshi cyangwa udashyira hanze neza. Ibi bishobora guterwa n’ibibazo bitandukanye, nko kwishima, inzitizi, cyangwa ibibazo byo kugenda. Ni ingenzi kubyumva kuko bitandukanye no kuba umwijima wuzuye, bishobora gutera ibimenyetso n’ibibazo bikomeye. Kumenya uko umwijima ukora n’icyo bivuze kuba utapfunyitse neza ni ingenzi kuri buri wese ushaka kumenya ubuzima bw’uburyo bwo gushobora ibiryo

Gusobanukirwa Umwijima Utapfunyitse Neza

Umwijima utapfunyitse neza bivuga uburwayi aho umwijima aba ari munini ariko utapfunyitse rwose. Ibi bikunze kugaragaza ikibazo mu bushobozi bw’umwijima bwo gusuka cyangwa gukora neza.

Impamvu

Umwijima utapfunyitse neza ushobora guterwa n’ibintu byinshi:

• Inzitizi z’ubushuhe bw’umwijima: Inzitizi nka amabuye y’umwijima, ibibyimba, cyangwa inzitizi zishobora gutera ubushobozi buke bw’umwijima bwo gusuka, bigatuma upfunyika.

• Kubabara igihe kirekire: Indwara nka cholecystitis igihe kirekire, izwiho kubabaza umwijima igihe kirekire, zishobora gutera udukoba n’imikorere mibi, bigatuma upfunyika.

• Umwijima utakora neza: Rimwe na rimwe, umwijima ushobora kutahindagurika neza kubera imikorere mibi, bikabuza ubushuhe bw’umwijima gusohoka rwose bigatuma upfunyika.

Ibimenyetso n’uburyo bwo kubimenya

Ibyiciro	Ibisobanuro
Ibimenyetso	Kubabara mu nda: Ubusanzwe bumvikana mu gice cy’inda cyo hejuru iburyo, bikarushaho kuba bibi nyuma yo kurya ibiryo birimo amavuta. Isesemi: Ikunze kubaho nyuma yo kurya kubera ibibazo byo gushobora ibiryo. Kubyimbagira: Kumva ufite umubyibuho cyangwa ububabare, cyane cyane nyuma yo kurya.
Uburyo bwo kubimenya	Ultrasound: Uburyo bwo kubona ishusho bwakunze gukoreshwa, bukoreshwa mu kumenya ubunini bw’umwijima, amabuye, n’imikorere mibi y’ubushuhe bw’umwijima. CT scan itanga ishusho ihamye yo kumenya ubunini bw’umwijima, ibibazo by’imiterere, cyangwa imyanya iherereye hafi. MRI: Ishusho ifite umwimerere mwiza, ikoreshwa mu bihe bikomeye cyangwa mu gusuzuma imiterere y’ubushuhe bw’umwijima n’imikorere y’umwijima. HIDA Scan: Ikizamini cya nukeri gikoreshwa mu gusuzuma imikorere y’umwijima no kumenya inzitizi cyangwa imikorere mibi y’ubushuhe bw’umwijima.

Uburyo bwo kuvura no gucunga

Gucagura umwijima utapfunyitse neza biterwa n’impamvu yabiteye, uburemere, n’ibimenyetso. Uburyo bwo kuvura bugamije kugabanya ibimenyetso, gukemura ikibazo cyabiteye, no gukumira ibibazo byakurikiraho.

1. Ubuvuzi

Mu gihe ibimenyetso ari bike cyangwa biterwa n’ububabare, ubuvuzi ni bwo buryo bwa mbere. Imiti igabanya ububabare n’imiti igabanya ububabare ikoreshwa cyane mu kugabanya ububabare no gucunga ububabare cyangwa gucika intege mu mwijima. Mu gihe hari ububabare bwo mu mwijima (ububabare buterwa no kuziba kw’ubushuhe bw’umwijima), imiti itera ubushuhe bw’umwijima cyangwa igabanya imikorere y’umwijima ishobora gukoreshwa.

2. Kuvura amabuye y’umwijima

Niba amabuye y’umwijima ari yo atuma upfunyika, kuvura bishobora kuba kwivura amabuye. Ibi bishobora gukorwa hifashishijwe uburyo budakoresha igitsina nko extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), ikoresha imiraba mu gusenya amabuye mu duce duto. Ubundi buryo ni endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), isobanura gukuraho amabuye hifashishijwe endoscope ishyirwa mu muyoboro w’ubushuhe bw’umwijima.

3. Kubaga: Cholecystectomy

Niba umwijima wangiritse cyane cyangwa ibimenyetso bikomeje nubwo hakoreshejwe ubundi buryo bwo kuvura, cholecystectomy, ukuraho umwijima, bishobora kugirwa inama. Ibi bikunze kubaho iyo hari amabuye y’umwijima cyangwa kubabara igihe kirekire, kuko gukuraho umwijima bishobora gukumira ibibazo byakurikiraho. Ubu buvuzi bushobora gukorwa hifashishijwe uburyo buto, cyangwa kubaga mu gihe ibibazo bikomeye.

4. Guhindura imirire

Gucagura umwijima utapfunyitse neza bishobora kandi kuba guhindura imirire. Kurya ibiryo bike by’amavuta bishobora kugabanya umuvuduko ku mwijima, bigatuma ibimenyetso nko kubesha n’ububabare bigabanuka. Kwirinda kurya ibiryo byinshi no kurya ibiryo bike, bikunze kurya bishobora kunoza gushobora ibiryo no gukumira ko umwijima wuzuye cyane. Kuri abo bafite amabuye y’umwijima cyangwa ibibazo by’umwijima, gukomeza kunywa amazi no kongera ibiryo birimo fibre bishobora kandi kugira akamaro.

5. Gukurikirana no gukurikirana

Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, upfunyika bishobora kuba bike kandi ntibisaba kuvurwa vuba. Gukurikirana buri gihe no gukora ibizamini by’amashusho bishobora kugirwa inama kugira ngo hagenzurwe uburwayi no gukumira ibibazo. Niba hari impinduka mu bimenyetso, kuvurwa kw’abaganga bishobora guhita bifatwa.

Incamake

Umwijima utapfunyitse neza ushobora gucungwa hifashishijwe uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura bitewe n’impamvu yabiteye. Ubuvuzi bukunze kuba burimo kugabanya ububabare n’imiti igabanya ububabare. Niba hari amabuye y’umwijima, uburyo budakoresha igitsina cyangwa uburyo nka ERCP bushobora gukoreshwa mu kuyakuraho. Mu bihe bikomeye, cholecystectomy (gukuraho umwijima) itekerezwa.

Guhindura imirire, nko kurya ibiryo bike by’amavuta n’ibiryo bike, bikunze kurya, bishobora kandi kugabanya ibimenyetso. Gukurikirana buri gihe bishobora kugirwa inama mu bihe bike kugira ngo habeho gukumira ibibazo byakurikiraho. Ibyo buryo bigamije kunoza imikorere y’umwijima no gukumira ibibazo byakurikiraho.