Umuhengeri w’ovari ni umufuka wuzuye amazi ushobora gukura kuri cyangwa imbere y’ovari. Akenshi ntabwo aba akomeye kandi akenshi nta kibazo atera. Ariko rero, ushobora kuba ufite ubunini butandukanye kandi ukagira ingaruka ku buzima bw’ubuzima bw’abagore. Abagore benshi bazabona imihengeri y’ovari mu buzima bwabo. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko abagore bagera kuri 8 kugeza kuri 18% bagira ibibazo by’imihengeri mu myaka yabo yo kubyara.

Hari ubwoko butandukanye bw’imihengeri y’ovari. Urugero, imihengeri ikora imirimo ifitanye isano n’imihango, mu gihe imihengeri ya dermoid ari ubukonje buterwa n’indwara buterwa n’indwara bushobora kuba bufite imyanya itandukanye, harimo ubwoya, uruhu, rimwe na rimwe n’amenyo, aherereye munsi y’uruhu. Ubundi bwoko burimo cystadenomas, bukomoka kuri uturemangingo ku mpera y’ovari, na endometriomas, ari byo bifitanye isano na endometriosis. Kumenya ubwoko n’ubunini bw’iyi mihengeri ni ingenzi mu gucunga ubuzima bw’ubuzima bw’abagore.

Abaganga bakunze gukoresha ikarita yerekana ubunini bw’umuhengeri w’ovari kugira ngo batandukanye imihengeri mito, iciriritse, n’imihengeri minini. Ubunini busanzwe bipimwa muri milimeteri (mm). Iyi karita y’ubunini ifasha abarwayi n’abakozi bo mu buvuzi gusobanukirwa ibyago byose n’ibikorwa bishobora kuba bikenewe hashingiwe ku bunini bw’imihengeri. Rero, kumenya ibi birebana n’imihengeri bishobora gufasha abagore kugirana ibiganiro byiza ku buzima bwabo.

Gusobanukirwa Ubunini bw’Umuhengeri w’Ovari

Umuhengeri w’ovari uba ufite ubunini butandukanye, bigira ingaruka ku bimenyetso n’uburyo bwo kuvura.

• Umuhengeri muto (munsi ya 30 mm): Akenshi aba akora imirimo kandi nta cyago aba afite, akenshi akagenda wenyine nta kuvurwa.

• Umuhengeri uciriritse (30–50 mm): ushobora gutera ibimenyetso bike nko kubyimbagira kandi akenshi ugenzurwa hafi.

• Umuhengeri munini (50–100 mm): Ibi bishobora gutera ububabare cyangwa igitutu gikomeye kandi bishobora gusaba ubufasha bw’abaganga.

• Umuhengeri munini cyane (Hejuru ya 100 mm): Ibyago byinshi byo gucika cyangwa guhinduka; kubaga akenshi biba ari ngombwa.

Ni bande bari mu kaga?

Ibintu bimwe na bimwe bishobora kongera ibyago byo kugira imihengeri y’ovari. Dore ibyo ugomba kuzirikana mbere yo kurangiza ko umuntu ashobora kuba afite imihengeri:

1. Imyaka n’ibintu bifitanye isano na hormone

• Imyaka yo kubyara: Abagore bari mu myaka yo kubyara barashobora guhura n’impinduka z’imisemburo mu gihe cy’imihango.

• Nyuma yo gucura: Imihengeri iba icike ariko ishobora gusaba iperereza kugira ngo harebwe niba ari kanseri.

2. Amateka y’ubuzima

• Imihengeri y’ovari yabanje: Bishobora kongera kubaho niba umuntu yarayigize mbere.

• Imiterere y’imisemburo idahwitse: Indwara nka Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) zishobora kongera ibyago.

3. Ibimenyetso

• Ibimenyetso bike: Kubyimbagira, ububabare mu kibuno, cyangwa imihango idahwitse bishobora kugaragaza umuhengeri.

• Ibimenyetso bikomeye: Ububabare butunguranye, bukomeye cyangwa kuva amaraso byinshi bishobora kugaragaza ibibazo nko gucika.

4. Ubuzima n’ibintu bifitanye isano n’imiterere

• Endometriosis: Ubukura bw’imiterere hanze y’umura bishobora gutera imihengeri y’ovari.

• Amateka y’umuryango: Gutangira kw’indwara mu muryango bishobora kongera ibyago.

5. Imiti

• Imiti yo kubyara: Ubuvuzi nka clomiphene bushobora gutera imihengeri.

Ubunini buteje akaga mu Mihengeri y’Ovari

Ubunini bw’imihengeri y’ovari bugira uruhare rukomeye mu kumenya ibyago byayo n’uburyo bwo kuvura. Mu gihe imihengeri mito akenshi iba idakomeye kandi ikagenda wenyine, imihengeri minini ishobora gutera ibibazo bisaba kugenzurwa hafi cyangwa ubufasha bw’abaganga.

Ikarita y’Ubunini bw’Umuhengeri w’Ovari

Icyiciro cy’Ubunini	Umuzingo (cm)	Umuzingo (ama santimetero)	Igikorwa gisanzwe
Mucyeya cyane	Kugeza kuri 1 cm	Kugeza kuri 0.39 ama santimetero	Kureba; akenshi agenda nta kuvurwa
Mucyeya	1–3 cm	0.39–1.18 ama santimetero	Akenshi arebwa; ashobora gusaba igikorwa niba ibimenyetso bigaragaye
Uciriritse	3–5 cm	1.18–1.97 ama santimetero	Ashobora gusaba kuvurwa hashingiwe ku bimenyetso n’uburyo bw’ubukura
Munini	5–7 cm	1.97–2.76 ama santimetero	Bisaba ubufasha bw’abaganga kubera ibyago
Munini cyane	Hejuru ya 7 cm	Hejuru ya 2.76 ama santimetero	Kubaga birakunze gusabwa kugira ngo hirindwe ibibazo

Ibimenyetso by’Ibyago Bisaba Ubufasha Budatinze

Ibimenyetso nko kubabara mu kibuno, kubyimbagira, cyangwa imihango idahwitse bisaba ko ugenzurwa n’abaganga uko ubunini bw’umuhengeri bwose bumeze.

Akamaro ko Gukurikirana

Kujya gukorerwa isuzuma n’abaganga buri gihe ni ingenzi mu gukurikirana ubunini bw’umuhengeri n’uburyo bw’ubukura, kugira ngo habeho ubufasha ku gihe kugira ngo hirindwe ibibazo.

Igihe cyo Gusaba Ubufasha bw’abaganga

Umuhengeri w’ovari akenshi ntabwo utera ibimenyetso, ariko ibimenyetso bimwe na bimwe bisaba ubufasha bw’abaganga:

• Ububabare mu kibuno: ububabare buhoraho cyangwa bukomeye, cyane cyane ku ruhande rumwe.

• Kubyimbagira cyangwa kuzura: kubyimbagira mu nda cyangwa kudakomeye bitasobanuwe.

• Impinduka z’imihango: imihango idahwitse, kuva amaraso menshi, cyangwa gutinda.

• Ibibazo by’inkari cyangwa by’amatara: kugorana mu gusuka inkari cyangwa amatara kubera igitutu cy’umuhengeri.

• Ububabare butunguranye cyangwa umuriro: ibi bishobora kugaragaza gucika cyangwa guhinduka, bisaba ubufasha bwihuse.

Niba ufite ibi bimenyetso, gira inama y’umukozi w’ubuzima kugira ngo agusuzuma kandi akuvure uko bikwiye.

Ubwoko bw’Imihengeri y’Ovari n’Ingaruka zabyo

1. Imihengeri ikora imirimo

• Imihengeri ya follicular: ikura mu gihe cyo kubyara kandi akenshi ikagenda ubwayo.

• Imihengeri ya Corpus Luteum: Ikura nyuma yo kubyara; ishobora gutera ububabare buke ariko akenshi igenda ubwayo.

2. Imihengeri iterwa n’indwara

• Imihengeri ya dermoid: irimo imyanya nka ubwoya cyangwa ibinure; ishobora gukura cyane kandi ishobora gusaba gukurwaho.

• Endometriomas: Ifitanye isano na endometriosis; akenshi itera ububabare mu kibuno n’ibyago byo kudapfa kubyara.

3. Ovari nyinshi (PCOS)

• Imihengeri myinshi mito ifitanye isano n’imisemburo idahwitse, imihango idahwitse, n’ibibazo byo kubyara.

Ingamba zo Gukumira

Mu gihe imihengeri y’ovari idashobora guhindurwa, ingamba zimwe na zimwe zishobora kugabanya uko iba cyangwa ibibazo byayo:

1. Kujya gukorerwa isuzuma n’abaganga buri gihe: Gusuzuma mu kibuno buri gihe bishobora gufasha kubona imihengeri hakiri kare no gukurikirana uko ikura.

2. Imiti y’imisemburo yo kubyara: Imiti yo mu kanwa ishobora kugabanya ibyago byo kugira imihengeri ikora imirimo ikoresha imihango.

3. Ubuzima bwiza: Kugira indyo yuzuye, gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe, n’uburemere bwiza bishobora kugabanya ibyago, cyane cyane ku ndwara nka PCOS.

4. Guhangana n’ibibazo by’ibanze: Kuvura imisemburo idahwitse cyangwa endometriosis bigabanya ibyago byo kugira imihengeri.

5. Kumenya ibimenyetso: Kwita ku bubabare mu kibuno, kubyimbagira, cyangwa imihango idahwitse vuba bishobora gukumira ibibazo nko gucika cyangwa guhinduka.

Mu gihe izi ngamba zishobora gufasha, ntizikuraho ko ugomba gukorerwa isuzuma n’abaganga, cyane cyane ku mihengeri isubira cyangwa itera ibimenyetso.

Incamake

Ubunini bw’imihengeri y’ovari butandukanye, imito ikenshi ikagenda ubwayo, mu gihe imihengeri minini, cyane cyane irenze 7 cm, ishobora gusaba kubagwa kubera ibyago nko gucika cyangwa guhinduka. Gukurikirana buri gihe ni ingenzi mu kubona ibibazo hakiri kare.

Ibintu byongera ibyago nko gukura, imisemburo idahwitse, n’indwara nka PCOS cyangwa endometriosis bishobora kongera ibyago byo kugira imihengeri. Ingamba zo gukumira nko kujya gukorerwa isuzuma n’abaganga buri gihe, imiti y’imisemburo yo kubyara, no kugira ubuzima bwiza bishobora gufasha kugabanya ibyago, ariko isuzuma ry’abaganga ni ingenzi, cyane cyane ku mihengeri isubira cyangwa itera ibimenyetso.

Ibibazo byakunze kubaho

1. Ubunini bw’umuhengeri w’ovari busanzwe ni ubuhe?

   Ubunini busanzwe bw’umuhengeri w’ovari ni munsi ya santimetero 3 kandi akenshi agenda wenyine nta kuvurwa.

2. Ubunini bw’umuhengeri ukeneye kubagwa ni ubuhe?

   Imihengeri irenze santimetero 7 (hafi ama santimetero 2.76) cyangwa itera ibibazo nko gucika cyangwa guhinduka akenshi isaba kubagwa no kuvurwa.

3. Imihengeri ishobora gukira idakujijwe?

   Imihengeri mike ishobora gukira idakujijwe.