Ingano Isanzwe y'Umuhondo mu mm ni Iyihe?

Imyomasi, izwi kandi nka leiomyomas y’umura, ni ububabare bukura mu kibuno. Uburebure bwazo, umubare wazo, n’aho ziba bitandukanye, kandi ni bwinshi, bikaba bigira ingaruka ku bagore benshi mu gihe cy’imyaka yabo yo kubyara. Ubushakashatsi bugaragaza ko abagore bagera kuri 70% bashobora kugira ubwo bubabare bafite imyaka 50.

Kumenya uburebure bw’imyonasi ni ingenzi kubera impamvu nke. Ubwa mbere, uburebure bushobora guhuzwa n’ibimenyetso umugore ashobora kumva, nka kuva amaraso menshi, ububabare mu kibuno, cyangwa kumva igitutu. Kumenya ubunini busanzwe bw’imyonasi muri milimeteri bituma tumenya niba imyonasi ishobora gutera ibibazo. Muri rusange, imyonasi itageze kuri 5 mm iboneka nk’ito, izigera kuri 5 mm na 10 mm ni iya hagati, naho izirenze 10 mm ifatwa nk’ikinini.

Kandi, gupima imyonasi neza bishobora gufasha mu gufata umwanzuro ku ivura. Imyonasi minini ishobora gukenera ubuvuzi bukomeye, mu gihe iyo nto ishobora kwitabwaho uko iminsi igenda. Rero, kumenya imyonasi n’ubunini bwazo bifasha abagore kugirana ibiganiro byiza n’abaganga babo ku buzima bwabo n’amahitamo y’ubuvuzi.

Ishakiro ry’Imyomasi y’Uterasi

• Imyomasi y’umura ni ububabare buri ku rukuta rw’imikaya y’umura, busanzwe mu bagore bari mu myaka yo kubyara.

• Uburebure bwazo butandukanye, kuva ku mivumbi mito, itaboneka kugeza ku bintu binini bishobora guhindura ishusho y’umura.

• Abagore bagera kuri 70-80% bashobora kugira imyonasi bafite imyaka 50, nubwo benshi batagira ibimenyetso.

• Ibimenyetso bishobora kuba birimo:

  • Kuva amaraso menshi cyangwa igihe kirekire.

  • Ububabare mu kibuno cyangwa igitutu.

  • Gushaka gukora kenshi cyangwa kugorana gukura umwanya mu gifu.

  • Kubabara mu nda, kubyimbagira, cyangwa kubabara mu mugongo.

  • Ibibazo byo kubyara cyangwa ingorane mu gihe cyo gutwita.

• Ibintu byongera ibyago byo kugira imyonasi birimo:

  • Imyaka (imyaka 30-50 ni yo myaka nyamukuru).

  • Amateka y’umuryango w’imyonasi.

  • Imihindagurikire y’imisemburo irimo estrogen na progesterone.

  • Ubumenyi n’umuvuduko w’amaraso mwinshi.

• Amahitamo y’ubuvuzi aturuka ku bunini, aho biherereye, n’ibimenyetso birimo:

  • Imiti yo kugenzura imisemburo no kugabanya ibimenyetso.

  • Uburyo buto bwo kuvura nka embolization y’umuyoboro w’amaraso w’umura cyangwa radiofrequency ablation.

• Ubuvuzi nk’ubukuraho imyonasi (gukuraho imyonasi) cyangwa hysterectomy mu bihe bikomeye.

Kumenya Uburebure bw’Imyonasi

a) Ubuhinduka bw’Uburebure bw’Imyonasi: Imyonasi ishobora kugira uburebure butandukanye kuva ku buto nk’imbuto (milimeteri nke) kugeza ku bunini nk’imbuto ya water melon (irenga 10 cm +). Akenshi ishyirwa mu matsinda nk’ito (munsi ya 2 cm), iya hagati (2-6 cm), cyangwa ikinini (irenga 6 cm). Imyonasi minini ishobora gutera kubyimbagira mu nda bikagaragara n’ibimenyetso bikomeye, mu gihe iyo mito ishobora kutamenyekana hatabayeho ibizamini byo kubona amashusho.

b) Ingaruka z’Uburebure ku Bimenyetso: Uburebure bw’imyonasi busanzwe bugaragaza uburemere bw’ibimenyetso. Imyonasi minini ishobora gutera ububabare mu kibuno, kuva amaraso menshi, no gukanda ku zindi nzego ziri hafi nka vessie cyangwa umwijima, bigatuma ushaka gukora kenshi cyangwa kubabara mu nda. Imyonasi mito ishobora kutazigira ibimenyetso ariko ishobora kugira ingaruka ku kubyara bitewe n’aho iherereye.

c) Ibitekerezo by’abaganga ku burebure: Uburebure bugira uruhare rukomeye mu gufata ibyemezo by’ubuvuzi. Imyonasi mito ishobora gukenera gusa gukurikiranwa, mu gihe imyonasi yo hagati kugeza ku nini ikenshi isaba kuvurwa, nko gufata imiti, uburyo buto bwo kuvura, cyangwa ubuvuzi. Uburebure bw’imyonasi bugira kandi ingaruka ku buryo umuntu atwita, kuko imyonasi minini ishobora guhindura ishusho y’umura kandi ikaba itera ingorane.

Ingaruka z’Imyonasi Minini

• Gukanda ku zindi nzego ziri hafi: Imyonasi minini ishobora gukanda kuri vessie, bigatuma ushaka gukora kenshi, cyangwa ku mwijima, bigatuma ubabara mu nda cyangwa kubyimbagira.

• Ibimenyetso bikomeye: Bishobora gutera kuva amaraso menshi, ububabare mu kibuno, no kubyimbagira mu nda.

• Ibibazo byo kubyara: Imyonasi minini ishobora guhindura ishusho y’umura, bikaba bishobora gutera kudapfa kubyara, gutwara inda, cyangwa ingorane mu gihe cyo gutwita.

Ibimenyetso n’Ingaruka ku Buzima Hashingiwe ku Bunini bw’Imyonasi

1. Imyonasi mito (Munsi ya 2 cm)

• Akenshi ntagira ibimenyetso kandi iboneka mu buryo butunguranye mu gihe cy’ibizamini byo kubona amashusho.

• Ishobora gutera ibimenyetso bito nko kudakora neza kw’imihango cyangwa ububabare buke mu kibuno.

• Gake cyane itera ibibazo byo kubyara cyangwa gutwita ariko ishobora gukura uko iminsi igenda kandi ikenera gukurikiranwa.

2. Imyonasi yo hagati (2-6 cm)

• Ishobora gutera ibimenyetso bigaragara nko kubabara mu kibuno, igitutu, cyangwa kuva amaraso menshi.

• Ishobora kugira ingaruka ku kubyara, cyane cyane iyo iherereye imbere cyangwa hafi y’urukuta rw’umura.

• Ibyago byiyongereye byo kugira ingorane nka anemia kubera kuva amaraso igihe kirekire.

3. Imyonasi minini (irenga 6 cm)

• Itere ibimenyetso bikomeye, birimo ububabare bukomeye mu kibuno, kubyimbagira mu nda, no kuva amaraso menshi cyangwa igihe kirekire.

• Ishobora gukanda ku zindi nzego ziri hafi, bigatuma ushaka gukora kenshi, kubabara mu nda, cyangwa kubabara mu mugongo.

• Amahirwe menshi yo kugira ibibazo byo kubyara, birimo kudapfa kubyara, gutwara inda, cyangwa ingorane mu gihe cyo gutwita nko kubyara imburagihe.

• Ikeneye ubuvuzi, kuko imyonasi minini itabayeho ivurwa ishobora gutera anemia ikaze cyangwa ibindi bibazo by’ubuzima.

Ibintu by’ingenzi ku bunini bw’imyonasi

• Imyonasi mito (munsi ya 2 cm) akenshi ntagira ibimenyetso ariko ishobora gukura uko iminsi igenda.

• Imyonasi yo hagati (2-6 cm) ishobora gutera ububabare mu kibuno, kuva amaraso menshi, n’ibibazo byo kubyara.

• Imyonasi minini (irenga 6 cm) itera ibimenyetso bikomeye, birimo gukanda ku zindi nzego, kuva amaraso menshi, n’ingorane zo kubyara.

• Uburemere bw’ibimenyetso buragenda bwiyongera uko uburebure bw’imyonasi bwiyongera, bigaragaza akamaro ko kubimenya hakiri kare no kuyivura.

Ibibazo byakunze kubaho

1. Ni uburebure ki bw’imyonasi busanzwe?

   Imyonasi ni ububabare butari bwo, rero nta bunini busanzwe bwazo. Ariko kandi, imyonasi mito (munsi ya 2 cm, ubunini nk’icyatsi) akenshi ntabwo itera ibimenyetso cyangwa ikeneye ubuvuzi. Gukurikirana buri gihe birakenewe kugira ngo hakurikiranwe uburebure bwazo n’ingaruka ku buzima.

2. Ni uburebure ki bw’imyonasi bukwiye gukurwaho?

   Nta bunini buzwi bw’imyonasi bukwiye gukurwaho; mbere ya byose, ugomba kubimenyeshwa na muganga, kandi azakugira inama y’ubuvuzi nyakuri.

3. Ese byaba byiza kubaho ufite imyonasi?

   Uburwayi bw’imyonasi biterwa n’ubunini bwayo. Rero, niba uburebure burenze ubusanzwe, ugomba kubiganiraho n’umuganga.

4. Ese imyonasi ishobora gukura mu mezi atatu?

   Imyonasi, iyo itabayeho ivurwa, ishobora gukura mu mezi atandatu. Zimwe mu myonasi ishobora kutagaragaza ibimenyetso nk’ibyo, ariko izindi zishobora kubigaragaza.