Impamvu iki y'ibumoso idahumura neza ni iyihe?

Kubura kw’amaso ni ikibazo gisanzwe cyibasira abantu benshi mu buzima bwabo. Ubwa mbere nabonye, nahise mpinga. Kubura kw’amaso bishobora kuba igihe gito, ariko bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy’ibibazo by’ubuzima, cyane cyane iyo bigaragaye mu jisho rimwe, nko mu jisho ry’ibumoso. Ntabwo ari ibintu bidasanzwe ko umuntu afite ijisho ry’ibumoso ribura, mu gihe iry’iburyo ribonye neza. Ubu buryo butandukanye bushobora gutuma ibikorwa nko gusoma cyangwa gutwara ibinyabiziga bigorana.

Hari impamvu nyinshi zishobora gutuma amaso abura. Urugero, impinduka ziterwa n’imyaka, uburwayi bumwe na bumwe, cyangwa no gutobanya amaso bitewe no gukoresha amashusho menshi bishobora kubitera. Nubwo bishobora kugaragara nkibito mu ntangiriro, kubura kw’amaso bikomeza bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buzima bwa buri munsi. Abantu bashobora kubona bigoye kwibanda cyangwa bakumva batuje, ibyo bikaba bishobora kubangamira akazi kabo n’ubuzima bwabo bw’imibanire.

Kumenya icyateye kubura kw’amaso n’ingaruka zabyo ni ingenzi. Bifasha abantu gukurikirana ibimenyetso byabo no kubona ubufasha bwa muganga igihe bibaye ngombwa. Kuganira n’abaganga bishobora gutuma hamenyekana hakiri kare kandi hakavurwa neza, bikarinda ibibazo bikomeye mu gihe kizaza.

Impamvu zisanzwe ziterwa no kubura kw’amaso mu jisho rimwe

Kubura kw’amaso mu jisho rimwe bishobora guterwa n’ibibazo bitandukanye by’indwara, kuva ku guhindagurika kw’amaso kugeza ku ndwara zikomeye z’amaso. Kumenya icyateye ni ingenzi kugira ngo hamenyekane uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura.

1. Guhindagurika kw’amaso

• Ibisobanuro: Impamvu isanzwe itera kubura kw’amaso mu jisho rimwe ni guhindagurika kw’amaso, nko kubura kureba kure (myopie), kubura kureba hafi (hyperopie), cyangwa astigmatism. Ibi bibazo bibaho iyo imiterere y’ijisho ibuza umucyo gufata neza kuri retina.

• Ubuvuzi: Imyenda cyangwa lentili zishobora gukosora ibyo bibi no kunoza uburyo bwo kureba.

2. Umurire w’amaso

• Ibisobanuro: Umurire w’amaso ubaho iyo ijisho ritera amarira ahagije cyangwa amarira akaba akayuka vuba cyane, bigatera uburibwe no kubura kw’amaso. Iki kibazo gishobora kugira ingaruka ku jisho rimwe kurusha irindi.

• Ubuvuzi: Amarira y’imiti, imiti y’amaso, cyangwa impinduka mu mibereho nko gukoresha humidifier bishobora gufasha kugabanya ibimenyetso.

3. Cataracte

• Ibisobanuro: Cataracte, izwiho guhumanya lentili iri mu jisho, zishobora gutera kubura kw’amaso, cyane cyane mu jisho rimwe. Cataracte isanzwe iterwa n’imyaka ariko ishobora guterwa n’imvune cyangwa ibindi bibazo.

• Ubuvuzi: Akenshi aba ari ubuvuzi bwo kubaga kugira ngo bakureho cataracte banonosore uburyo bwo kureba.

4. Macular Degeneration

• Ibisobanuro: Macular Degeneration iterwa n’imyaka (AMD) ni indwara ibasirira igice gikuru cya retina, itera kubura kw’amaso cyangwa kubona ibintu binyuranye mu jisho rimwe. Igaragara cyane mu bantu bakuze.

• Ubuvuzi: Nubwo nta muti uraboneka, ubuvuzi nko guterwa inshinge cyangwa laser bishobora kugabanya umuvuduko w’iyi ndwara.

5. Optic Neuritis

• Ibisobanuro: Kubyimba kw’umutsi w’amaso, bikunze guhurirana na sclerose nyinshi (MS) cyangwa indwara zandura, bishobora gutera kubura kw’amaso mu jisho rimwe, hamwe n’ububabare n’igihombo gishobora kubaho cyo kubura kureba.

• Ubuvuzi: Steroide cyangwa imiti indi ikunze gukoreshwa mu kuvura kubyimba.

6. Imvune cyangwa gutera akagere mu jisho

• Ibisobanuro: Imvune mu jisho, nko gukomeretsa cornea cyangwa gutera akagere, bishobora gutera kubura kw’amaso.

• Ubuvuzi: Bitewe n’uburemere, ubuvuzi bushobora kuba antibiyotike, imiti y’amaso, cyangwa kubaga.

Igihe cyo gushaka ubufasha bwa muganga

• Kubura kureba kudasanzwe: Niba kubura kw’amaso byabaye mu buryo butunguranye cyangwa niba wabuze kureba mu jisho rimwe mu buryo butunguranye, shaka ubufasha bwa muganga byihuse.

• Ububabare mu jisho: Niba kubura kw’amaso biherekejwe n’ububabare mu jisho, bishobora kugaragaza indwara ikomeye, nko kwandura kw’ijisho cyangwa optic neuritis.

• Kumva umucyo cyangwa ibintu bito by’umwijima: Kubona umucyo, ibintu bito by’umwijima, cyangwa igicucu mu maso byerekana ko retina ishobora kuba yavunitse cyangwa ibindi bibazo byihutirwa by’amaso.

• Kubabara umutwe cyangwa isereri: Kubura kw’amaso biherekejwe n’ububabare bukomeye bw’umutwe, isereri, cyangwa kuruka bishobora kugaragaza indwara nko guturika kw’imitsi y’ubwonko cyangwa umuvuduko mwinshi mu jisho (glaucome).

• Guhindagurika kw’uburyo bwo kureba: Niba ufite ibibazo byo kureba nko kubona ibintu bimeze nk’impeta, kubona ibintu binyuranye, cyangwa kubura kureba ku mpande, ibyo bishobora kuba ibimenyetso by’indwara nka macular degeneration cyangwa glaucoma.

• Imvune y’ijisho: Niba kubura kw’amaso byakurikiye imvune y’ijisho, nko gukomeretsa, kugonga, cyangwa kwinjiramo ikintu, ni ngombwa ko uba ugenzuwe na muganga byihuse.

• Kubura kw’amaso gukomeza cyangwa kuba kibi: Niba kubura kw’amaso bikomeje cyangwa bikaba bibi uko bwije n’uko bucyeye, bishobora gusaba ko ugenzurwa n’umuganga kugira ngo hamenyekane indwara zikomeza nka cataracte cyangwa optic neuropathy.

• Ibimenyetso by’indwara: Niba ubona ubuhumyi, ibintu bisohoka, kubyimba, cyangwa kumva umucyo nabi hamwe no kubura kw’amaso, ibyo bishobora kugaragaza indwara y’ijisho cyangwa igisebe cya cornea.

Gucunga kubura kw’amaso: Uburyo bwo kuvura

• Kubura kureba kudasanzwe: Niba kubura kw’amaso byabaye mu buryo butunguranye cyangwa niba wabuze kureba mu jisho rimwe mu buryo butunguranye, shaka ubufasha bwa muganga byihuse.

• Ububabare mu jisho: Niba kubura kw’amaso biherekejwe n’ububabare mu jisho, bishobora kugaragaza indwara ikomeye, nko kwandura kw’ijisho cyangwa optic neuritis.

• Kumva umucyo cyangwa ibintu bito by’umwijima: Kubona umucyo, ibintu bito by’umwijima, cyangwa igicucu mu maso byerekana ko retina ishobora kuba yavunitse cyangwa ibindi bibazo byihutirwa by’amaso.

• Kubabara umutwe cyangwa isereri: Kubura kw’amaso biherekejwe n’ububabare bukomeye bw’umutwe, isereri, cyangwa kuruka bishobora kugaragaza indwara nko guturika kw’imitsi y’ubwonko cyangwa umuvuduko mwinshi mu jisho (glaucome).

• Guhindagurika kw’uburyo bwo kureba: Niba ufite ibibazo byo kureba nko kubona ibintu bimeze nk’impeta, kubona ibintu binyuranye, cyangwa kubura kureba ku mpande, ibyo bishobora kuba ibimenyetso by’indwara nka macular degeneration cyangwa glaucoma.

• Imvune y’ijisho: Niba kubura kw’amaso byakurikiye imvune y’ijisho, nko gukomeretsa, kugonga, cyangwa kwinjiramo ikintu, ni ngombwa ko uba ugenzuwe na muganga byihuse.

• Kubura kw’amaso gukomeza cyangwa kuba kibi: Niba kubura kw’amaso bikomeje cyangwa bikaba bibi uko bwije n’uko bucyeye, bishobora gusaba ko ugenzurwa n’umuganga kugira ngo hamenyekane indwara zikomeza nka cataracte cyangwa optic neuropathy.

• Ibimenyetso by’indwara: Niba ubona ubuhumyi, ibintu bisohoka, kubyimba, cyangwa kumva umucyo nabi hamwe no kubura kw’amaso, ibyo bishobora kugaragaza indwara y’ijisho cyangwa igisebe cya cornea.

Incamake

Kubura kw’amaso mu jisho rimwe bishobora kugaragaza indwara zikomeye zishobora gusaba ubufasha bwa muganga byihuse. Shaka ubufasha byihuse niba impinduka yo kubura kureba yabaye mu buryo butunguranye, biherekejwe n’ububabare, cyangwa harimo kumva umucyo, ibintu bito by’umwijima, cyangwa igicucu, ibyo bishobora kugaragaza ko retina yavunitse. Kubabara umutwe, isereri, cyangwa kuruka hamwe no kubura kw’amaso bishobora kugaragaza guturika kw’imitsi y’ubwonko cyangwa glaucoma.

Kubura kw’amaso bikomeza cyangwa bikaba bibi bigomba kandi kurebwa, kuko bishobora guterwa n’indwara zikomeza nka cataracte cyangwa macular degeneration. Imvune y’ijisho, indwara zandura, cyangwa ibimenyetso nko kubona ubuhumyi, kubyimba, no gusohora ibintu bisaba ubufasha bwihuse kugira ngo hirindwe ingaruka mbi. Gutangira kuvura hakiri kare ni ingenzi kugira ngo turengere uburyo bwo kureba kandi duhangane n’ibibazo byihutirwa mu buryo butanga umusaruro.