Umutobe mwinshi, usaze kandi ufite ibara ry’umweru mu jisho ushobora gutangazwa no kubabaza igihe ubona bwa mbere. Uyu mutobe, ukunze gukorwa na conjunctiva, ufite imirimo ikomeye nko gutuma ijisho rihora rimesa kandi ririnzwe. Ariko rero, kubona uyu mutobe bishobora gutera impungenge kuko bishobora kugaragaza ko hari ibindi bibazo, nka allergie cyangwa indwara zandura.

Abantu benshi babona uyu mutobe batabiteguye, bigatuma bibaza ibibazo nka, ibi ni bibi cyane? Ndagomba kubona muganga? Izi mpungenge ni ibisanzwe, kandi kumenya byinshi kuri uyu mutobe ni ingenzi. Ushobora guhinduka mu bugari, ibara, n’umubare, bigatuma bigorana gusobanukirwa icyo bivuze.

Ubusanzwe, umutobe mwinshi, usaze kandi ufite ibara ry’umweru ugaragaza ko ijisho ribabaye cyangwa riri mu mwijima, ibyo bishobora kubaho kubera allergie, mikorobe, cyangwa ibintu biri mu kirere. Ibintu bisanzwe bituma ijisho ribabara nka feri, ubwoko bw’ibimera, cyangwa umwotsi bishobora gutera ubwo buribwe. Kuri bamwe, indwara nka conjunctivite zishobora kuba impamvu, bityo ni ingenzi gushaka ibindi bimenyetso.

Impamvu z’Umutobe mwinshi, usaze kandi ufite ibara ry’umweru mu jisho

Impamvu	Ibisobanuro
Allergic Conjunctivitis	Iterwa na allergie nka ubwoko bw’ibimera cyangwa ubwoya bw’amatungo, bigatuma ijisho ribabara kandi rikemura umutobe.
Viral Conjunctivitis	Iterwa n’indwara zandura ziterwa na virusi nka adenovirus, bigatuma amaso atukura, akameneka kandi akamenera umutobe usaze.
Bacterial Conjunctivitis	Iterwa n’indwara zandura ziterwa na bagiteri (urugero, Staphylococcus cyangwa Streptococcus), bigatuma umutobe uba mwinshi cyangwa usaze.
Dry Eye Syndrome	Kubura amarira ahagije cyangwa kuyashira vuba, bituma umutobe uba mwinshi, ukunze kugaragara usaze kandi ufite ibara ry’umweru.
Blepharitis	Kubabara kw’imikaya y’ijisho bituma ibyondo bifunika kandi bigatera umutobe mwinshi, usaze kandi ufite ibara ry’umweru.
Contact Lens Use	Gukoresha lentili z’amaso igihe kirekire bishobora gutera ijisho kuribwa, gukama, no kumenera umutobe.
Sinus Infections	Amarira ava mu mazuru kubera indwara z’ibinyabuzima byo mu mazuru bishobora kubabaza amaso, bigatera umutobe mwinshi, usaze kandi ufite ibara ry’umweru.
Eye Irritation	Kugira ijisho ribabara kubera ibintu nka umwotsi cyangwa ibintu by’uburozi bishobora gutuma umutobe uba mwinshi.
Blocked Tear Ducts	Ibyondo by’amarira bifunika bituma umutobe uba mwinshi, ukunze kugaragara ufite ibara ry’umweru kandi usaze, hamwe n’amaso ameneka.
Eyelid Infections/Inflammation	Indwara nka styes cyangwa chalazia zishobora gutuma umutobe uba mwinshi mu jisho, ukunze kuba ufite ibara ry’umweru kandi usaze.

Ibimenyetso n’ibindi bimenyetso bifitanye isano

Umutobe mwinshi, usaze kandi ufite ibara ry’umweru mu jisho ushobora kujyana n’ibindi bimenyetso bitandukanye bitewe n’impamvu yabyo. Kumenya ibi bimenyetso bifitanye isano bishobora gufasha mu gupima indwara no kumenya uko yakwirindwa.

1. Urubura n’ububabare
   Kimwe mu bimenyetso bisanzwe bijyana n’umutobe mwinshi, usaze kandi ufite ibara ry’umweru ni urubura mu jisho. Ubu rubura rushobora kubaho kubera kubabara, gucika intege, cyangwa indwara, bituma amaso asa n’ay’amaraso. Kubabara kenshi bituma umuntu yumva atameze neza cyangwa yumva ubushyuhe.

2. Kuryaryata cyangwa kumva ubushyuhe
   Kuryaryata bikunze kujyana na allergic conjunctivitis, mu gihe ubushyuhe bushobora kubaho mu gihe ijisho rikama cyangwa mu gihe cy’indwara ziterwa na virusi. Aya mamenyetso yombi ashobora gutuma amaso yumva atameze neza kandi ashobora kurushaho kuba mabi igihe umuntu amaze igihe kinini ahura n’ibintu bimutera ibibazo.

3. Amarira menshi cyangwa amaso ameneka
   Amarira menshi akunze kuboneka hamwe no kumenera umutobe, cyane cyane mu ndwara nka viral cyangwa bacterial conjunctivitis. Amaso ashobora kuba menshi nk’igisubizo cyo kubabara, indwara zandura, cyangwa kubabara, bigatuma umutobe uba mwinshi.

4. Kugira amaso yibabaza mu gihe cy’umucyo (Photophobia)
   Amaso yibabaza mu gihe cy’umucyo, cyangwa photophobia, ashobora kubaho igihe amaso ari mu mwijima cyangwa yanduye. Iki kimenyetso ni kenshi mu ndwara ziterwa na virusi na bagiteri kandi bishobora gutera ibibazo mu duce tw’umucyo.

5. Amaso kubyimbagira
   Amaso kubyimbagira cyangwa imikaya yo hafi yayo bishobora kujyana n’umutobe mwinshi, usaze kandi ufite ibara ry’umweru mu jisho, cyane cyane mu ndwara za conjunctivitis cyangwa blepharitis. Ubu bwimbagira bushobora gutuma amaso asa n’ayafunitse kandi bishobora kongera ibibazo.

6. Umutobe ukomeye
   Mu bindi bihe, cyane cyane mu ndwara ziterwa na bagiteri cyangwa igihe umutobe usigaye ukamuka nijoro, umutobe ushobora gukora ibintu bikomeye hafi y’amaso. Ibi bishobora gutuma bigorana gufungura amaso mu gitondo kandi bikunze kugaragaza ko hari indwara ikomeje.

7. Kumva hari ikintu kiri mu jisho
   Abantu bafite indwara nka dry eye syndrome cyangwa allergic conjunctivitis bashobora kumva hari ikintu kiri mu jisho ryabo. Iki kimenyetso gikunze kujyana n’umutobe usaze, kuko amaso agerageza gusasaza uruhu kugira ngo agabanye ibibazo.

8. Kubabara cyangwa kumva igitutu mu jisho
   Kubabara cyangwa kumva igitutu, cyane cyane inyuma y’ijisho cyangwa ku mikaya, bishobora kubaho mu ndwara zikomeye za conjunctivitis cyangwa igihe ibyondo by’amarira bifunika. Iki kimenyetso gishobora kuba gikomeye mu ndwara ziterwa na bagiteri cyangwa ibibazo bifitanye isano n’amazuru.

9. Kubura ubushobozi bwo kubona neza
   Kubura ubushobozi bwo kubona neza rimwe na rimwe bishobora kuba ari ingaruka y’umutobe mwinshi cyangwa kumenera mu maso. Ibi bikunze kuba by’igihe gito kandi bishobora kumera neza igihe umutobe umaze gukura mu maso, nubwo bishobora kandi kugaragaza indwara ikomeye cyangwa kubabara bisaba ubuvuzi.

10. Inkorora
    Mu ndwara ziterwa na virusi cyangwa bagiteri, inkorora ishobora kandi kujyana no kumenera umutobe mwinshi, usaze kandi ufite ibara ry’umweru. Iki kimenyetso cy’umubiri kigaragaza ko umubiri urwanya indwara kandi bisaba ko umuntu apimwa neza.

Igihe ukwiye gushaka ubuvuzi

• Ibimenyetso bikomeza igihe kirekire: Niba umutobe mwinshi, usaze kandi ufite ibara ry’umweru ukomeza iminsi myinshi nta giterwa.

• Kubabara cyangwa igitutu bikomeye: Igihe umuntu yumva ububabare bukomeye, igitutu, cyangwa ibibazo mu jisho cyangwa hafi yaryo.

• Guhinduka kw’ubuhanga bwo kubona: Niba ubona ko uburambe bwo kubona buhinduka cyangwa bugabanuka hamwe no kumenera umutobe.

• Urubura rukomeye: Niba ijisho rihinduka ritukura cyane cyangwa risa n’iry’amaraso, bigaragaza ko hari indwara cyangwa kubabara.

• Inkorora: Igihe iherekejwe n’inkorora, bishobora kugaragaza indwara y’abagiteri cyangwa virusi.

• Amaso kubyimbagira: Niba amaso kubyimbagira bikomeye, bigatuma bigorana gufungura ijisho.

• Amaso yibabaza mu gihe cy’umucyo: Niba amaso yibabaza mu gihe cy’umucyo (photophobia) ari akomeye, bigatuma bigorana kwihanganira ahantu hari umucyo.

• Umutobe ukomeye: Niba umutobe ukomeye hafi y’amaso, cyane cyane mu gitondo.

• Gukoma amaso: Niba amaso afunze kubera umutobe cyangwa ibintu bikomeye, bigatuma amaso adakora neza.

• Ibimenyetso by’indwara: Niba hari umutobe usa n’umunyu cyangwa ufite ibara ry’icyatsi kibisi, bigaragaza ko hari indwara y’abagiteri isaba ubuvuzi.

Incamake

Umutobe mwinshi, usaze kandi ufite ibara ry’umweru mu jisho ushobora kuba ikimenyetso gisanzwe cy’indwara zitandukanye nka allergie, indwara zandura, cyangwa amaso yaka. Ni ingenzi gushaka ubuvuzi niba umutobe ukomeza, uherekejwe n’ububabare bukomeye, kubura ubushobozi bwo kubona neza, inkorora, cyangwa urubura rukomeye.

Ibindi bimenyetso nko kubyimbagira kw’amaso, amaso yibabaza mu gihe cy’umucyo, n’umutobe ukomeye bishobora kandi kugaragaza ko hakenewe ubuvuzi. Kwitabwaho vuba bishobora gufasha kumenya impamvu yabyo no gukumira ingaruka, bityo bigatuma ubuvuzi bukwiye bwo kwita ku buzima bw’amaso buhabwa.