Ese ni iki? Ibimenyetso, Impamvu, n'Ubuvuzi

Ese ni igisebe kitazana kanseri gikura ku mpande z’umutwe uhuza ugutwi na ubwonko. Iki gisebe gikura buhoro buhoro ku mutima w’ugutwi, ufasha mu kuringaniza umubiri no kumva. Nubwo izina ryacyo rishobora gutera ubwoba, ibi bisebe ntabwo ari bibi, bisobanura ko bitazakwirakwira mu bindi bice by’umubiri nk’uko kanseri yakora.

Ese byinshi bikura buhoro buhoro mu myaka myinshi. Bamwe baba babana nabyo bato nta n’ubwo babizi. Igisebe gikomoka ku kintu gikingira umutwe, kimwe n’uko insulasi ikingira umugozi w’amashanyarazi.

Ibimenyetso bya Ese ni ibihe?

Ikimenyetso cya mbere gikunze kugaragara ni ukutakaza kumva mu gutwi kumwe buhoro buhoro. Ushobora kubona ko amajwi aba afite urusaku cyangwa wumva abantu bavuga nabi iyo bagutegereje. Iyi mpinduka yo kumva isanzwe iba buhoro buhoro ku buryo abantu benshi batabimenya.

Uko igisebe gikura, ushobora kugira ibindi bimenyetso bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi:

• Guhumuriza mu gutwi (tinnitus) bidashira
• Kumva udashyize cyangwa ugifite iseseme, cyane cyane mugenda
• Kubabara cyangwa kugira igitutu mu gutwi ufatwa
• Kugira ikibazo cyo kumva ibyo abantu bavuga, cyane cyane ahantu hari urusaku
• Ibibazo byo kuringaniza umubiri bigutera kumva urimo guhindagurika

Mu bihe bitoroshye aho igisebe kiba kinini cyane, ushobora kugira ibindi bimenyetso bikomeye. Ibi bishobora kuba harimo kubabara mu maso, intege nke ku ruhande rumwe rw’isura, cyangwa kubabara cyane mu mutwe. Ibisebe binini cyane rimwe na rimwe bishobora gutera ibibazo byo kubona cyangwa kugira ikibazo cyo kwishima.

Ibimenyetso bikura buhoro buhoro kuko ubwonko bugira igihe cyo guhuza n’impinduka. Niyo mpamvu abantu benshi batashaka ubufasha ako kanya, batekereza ko kutakaza kumva ari igice cyo gusaza.

Ese iterwa n’iki?

Ese byinshi bikura nta mpamvu isobanutse. Igisebe gikura iyo utubuto tw’umutwe dutangira gukura nabi. Abahanga mu bya siyansi bemeza ko ibi bibaho kubera impinduka z’imiterere y’utubuto, ariko ntituzi neza impamvu ibi bibaho.

Ikintu kimwe kizwi cyongera ibyago ni indwara y’imiterere y’umubiri yitwa neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2). Abantu bafite NF2 bafite amahirwe menshi yo kurwara Ese, akenshi mu matwi yombi. Ariko, iyi ndwara igera ku bantu bake cyane, munsi ya 1 kuri 25.000.

Ubushakashatsi bumwe bwagerageje kureba niba ikoreshwa rya telefoni cyangwa urusaku rukomeye bishobora kongera ibyago, ariko ubushakashatsi ntabwo bwarabonye isano isobanutse. Imyaka ikinjiramo, kuko ibi bisebe bikunze kugaragara mu bantu bari hagati y’imyaka 40 na 60.

Ni ryari ukwiye kubona muganga kubera Ese?

Wagomba kuvugana na muganga wawe niba ubona ko utakaza kumva mu gutwi kumwe bitakira. Nubwo impinduka isa nkeya, birashimishije kuyisuzuma kuko kubimenya hakiri kare bishobora gutuma ubuvuzi bugira ingaruka nziza.

Tegura gahunda vuba bishoboka niba utakaza kumva k’umwijima, guhumuriza mu gutwi bidashira, cyangwa ibibazo bishya byo kuringaniza umubiri. Nubwo ibi bimenyetso bishobora kuba bifite impamvu nyinshi, muganga wawe agomba kureba niba atari Ese n’izindi ndwara.

Shaka ubufasha bwa muganga ako kanya niba ugira ububabare bukabije mu mutwe, impinduka zo kubona, cyangwa intege nke mu maso. Ibi bimenyetso bishobora kugaragaza igisebe kinini gikenewe gusuzuma no kuvura vuba.

Ibintu byongera ibyago bya Ese ni ibihe?

Imyaka niyo yongerera ibyago byo kurwara Ese. Abantu benshi bapimwa iyi ndwara bafite hagati y’imyaka 40 na 60, nubwo ishobora kubaho mu myaka yose.

Kugira neurofibromatosis type 2 byongera cyane ibyago byawe. Iyi ndwara y’imiterere y’umubiri itera ibisebe gukura ku mitsi itandukanye mu mubiri wawe. Niba ufite amateka y’umuryango wa NF2, inama z’abaganga mu by’imiterere y’umubiri zishobora kugufasha kumva ibyago byawe.

Kuba waragize imirasire mu mutwe cyangwa mu ijosi, cyane cyane mu bwana, bishobora kongera gato ibyago byawe. Ibi birimo kuvurwa kw’imirasire kubera izindi ndwara. Ariko, ibyago muri rusange biguma hasi nubwo ufite iyo mirasire.

Ingaruka zishoboka za Ese ni izihe?

Ingaruka zikunze kugaragara mu gihe kirekire ni ukutakaza kumva burundu mu gutwi ufatwa. Ibi bishobora kuba buhoro buhoro uko igisebe gikura cyangwa rimwe na rimwe bibaho nyuma yo kuvurwa. Abantu benshi bigira uko bahuza no kumva n’ugutwi kumwe.

Ibibazo byo kuringaniza umubiri bishobora gukomeza no nyuma yo kuvurwa, nubwo umubiri w’abantu benshi ugera ku rwego rwiza mu gihe runaka. Ubwonko bwawe bugira uko bwigira kwiringira izindi sisitemu zo kuringaniza umubiri, harimo kubona n’umutwe wo kuringaniza umubiri uri mu gutwi utarwaye.

Ibibazo by’imitsi y’isura bigaragaza ingaruka zikomeye ariko nke. Ibisebe binini bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mitsi y’isura iherereye hafi y’umutwe w’ugutwi. Ibi bishobora gutera intege nke mu maso, kugira ikibazo cyo gufunga ijisho, cyangwa impinduka mu kunuka. Ibyago biri hejuru ku bisebe binini cyangwa uburyo bumwe bwo kuvura.

Mu bihe bitoroshye cyane, ibisebe binini bishobora gutera ingaruka zihitana ubuzima binyuze mu gukanda ibice by’ubwonko bigengwa n’imikorere y’ingenzi. Niyo mpamvu abaganga bakurikirana Ese neza kandi bagatanga ubuvuzi igihe bikenewe.

Ese ipima gute?

Muganga wawe azatangira apima uburyo buri gutwi gukora. Iki kizamini gishobora kugaragaza uburyo bwo kutakaza kumva busanzwe muri Ese. Uzumva amajwi anyuza mu matwi hanyuma usubize iyo uyumvise.

Isuzuma rya MRI ritanga ubuvuzi bwo kugenzura. Iki kizamini cyo gufata amashusho gikoresha uburyo bwa magneti kugira ngo gikore amashusho y’ubwonko n’amatwi y’imbere. Iki kizamini gishobora kugaragaza n’ibisebe bito kandi gifasha muganga wawe gutegura uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura.

Muganga wawe ashobora kandi gutegeka ibizamini byo kuringaniza umubiri niba ufite iseseme cyangwa udashize. Ibi bizamini bifasha kumenya uburyo sisitemu yawe yo kuringaniza umubiri ikora kandi bishobora kuyobora ibyemezo byo kuvura.

Rimwe na rimwe abaganga basanga Ese batabizi iyo bakora ibizamini bya MRI kubera izindi mpamvu. Ibi bisanga by’impanuka birakomeza kuba byinshi uko ikoranabuhanga ryo gufata amashusho rirushaho gutera imbere.

Ese ivurwa gute?

Ubuvuzi biterwa n’ibintu byinshi, birimo ubunini bw’igisebe, ibimenyetso byawe, n’ubuzima bwawe muri rusange. Ibisebe bito bidatera ibibazo bikomeye bishobora gukenera gukurikiranwa gusa hakoreshejwe ibizamini bya MRI buri mezi 6 kugeza kuri 12.

Kuvura igisebe bikunze gusabwa ku bisebe binini cyangwa bitera ibimenyetso bikomeye. Ubuvuzi bugamije gukuraho igisebe ryose mugihe ubungabunga ubushobozi bwo kumva n’imitsi y’isura uko bishoboka kose. Kugira ngo ukire bisanzwe bifata ibyumweru bike ku mezi.

Stereotactic radiosurgery itanga ubundi buryo budakoraho ugereranyije n’ubuvuzi busanzwe. Ubu buvuzi bukoresha imirasire yibanze neza kugira ngo buhagarike igisebe gukura. Akenshi bikunda gukoreshwa ku bisebe bito kugeza kubiciriritse mu barwayi bakuze cyangwa abatarakwiriye kuvurwa.

Ibyuma byo kumva bishobora gufasha gucunga kutakaza kumva iyo igisebe ari gito cyangwa nyuma yo kuvurwa. Bamwe bagira akamaro k’ibyuma byo kumva byihariye bihererekanya amajwi kuva mu gutwi ufatwa kugeza ku gutwi keza.

Uko wakwitwara murugo mugihe ufite Ese

Niba ufite ibibazo byo kuringaniza umubiri, komeza urugo rwawe rutagira ibyago byo kugwa no gushyira ibikoresho byo gufata mu bwiherero. Umucyo mwiza urafasha kugenda neza, cyane cyane nijoro.

Kubibazo byo kumva, jya aho ushobora kubona imyanya y’abantu iyo bavuga. Ibi bigufasha gukoresha ibimenyetso byo kubona kugira ngo wumve ibiganiro neza. Saba abantu kuvuga neza aho kuvuga cyane.

Guhumuriza mu gutwi bishobora kuba bibi cyane nijoro. Urusaku rw’inyuma rwavuye ku mpeke, imashini y’urusaku rw’umweru, cyangwa umuziki utoroshye bishobora gufasha guhisha guhumuriza no kunoza ibitotsi.

Komeza ukore imyitozo yoroheje nko kugenda cyangwa koga kugira ngo ufashe kuringaniza umubiri wawe n’ubuzima muri rusange. Irinde ibikorwa bikugira mu kaga ko kugwa kugeza igihe umubiri wawe ugarutse ku rwego rwiza.

Uko wakwitegura ku gahunda yawe y’umuganga

Andika ibimenyetso byawe byose n’igihe wabimenye bwa mbere. Shyiramo amakuru yerekeye impinduka zo kumva, ibibazo byo kuringaniza umubiri, n’ibindi bibazo. Aya makuru afasha muganga wawe kumva neza uko uhagaze.

Zana urutonde rw’imiti yose ukoresha, harimo imiti yo mu maduka n’ibindi. Imiti imwe ishobora kugira ingaruka ku kumva cyangwa kuringaniza umubiri, bityo muganga wawe akeneye iyi shusho yuzuye.

Tegura kuzana umuntu wo mu muryango cyangwa inshuti ku gahunda yawe. Bashobora kugufasha kwibuka amakuru y’ingenzi no gutanga inkunga mu biganiro ku bijyanye n’uburyo bwo kuvura.

Tegura ibibazo ku ndwara yawe, uburyo bwo kuvura, n’icyo ugomba kwitega. Ntugatinye kubabaza icyo utazi.

Icyingenzi cyo kumenya kuri Ese

Ese ni ibisebe bitazana kanseri bikura buhoro buhoro kandi bikunze gucungwa neza hamwe n’ubuvuzi bukwiye. Nubwo bishobora gutera ibimenyetso biteye impungenge nko kutakaza kumva n’ibibazo byo kuringaniza umubiri, ntabwo bihitana ubuzima mu bihe byinshi.

Kubimenya hakiri kare no kuvurwa neza bishobora gufasha kubungabunga ubuzima bwawe. Abantu benshi bafite Ese bakomeza kubaho ubuzima busanzwe, bukora neza hamwe n’ubucungamunini n’inkunga bikwiye.

Wibuke ko kugira Ese ntibivuze ko uri mu kaga ako kanya. Ibi bisebe bikura buhoro buhoro, biguha wowe n’itsinda ryawe ry’ubuvuzi igihe cyo gufata ibyemezo by’ubwenge ku buryo bwiza bwo kuvura buhuye n’ikibazo cyawe.

Ibibazo bikunze kubaho kuri Ese

Ese Ese ishobora kuba kanseri?

Oya, Ese ni ibisebe bitazana kanseri bitakwirakwira mu bindi bice by’umubiri nk’uko kanseri yakora. Nubwo bishobora gutera ibimenyetso bikomeye niba bikura cyane, biguma bitazana kanseri mu gihe cyose cyo gukura.

Ese nzakazwa kumva rwose mfite Ese?

Si ngombwa. Abantu benshi bakomeza kumva, cyane cyane niba igisebe kimenyekanye kandi kivuwe hakiri kare. Ariko, kutakaza kumva ku rwego runaka mu gutwi ufatwa ni ikintu gisanzwe. Muganga wawe azakora ibishoboka byose kugira ngo abungabunge ubushobozi bwo kumva uko bishoboka kose mu gihe cyo kuvura.

Ese Ese ikura vuba gute?

Ese byinshi bikura buhoro buhoro, busanzwe milimetero 1-2 buri mwaka. Bimwe bishobora kutakura na gato mu myaka myinshi, ibindi bishobora gukura vuba gato. Ubu buhoro bwo gukura niyo mpamvu abaganga bakunze gukurikirana ibisebe bito aho kubivura ako kanya.

Ese Ese ishobora gusubira nyuma yo kuvurwa?

Gusubira kw’indwara si ikintu gisanzwe ariko bishoboka. Nyuma yo gukuraho igisebe rwose, amahirwe yo gusubira kw’igisebe ni make cyane, busanzwe munsi ya 5%. Hamwe no kuvurwa kw’imirasire, igisebe risanzwe rihagarika gukura burundu, nubwo rimwe na rimwe rishobora gutangira gukura nyuma y’imyaka myinshi.

Ese Ese irazimukira?

Ese byinshi ntirazimukira kandi bibaho ku bushake. Ariko, abantu bafite neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2), indwara y’imiterere y’umubiri idasanzwe, bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara ibi bisebe. Niba ufite amateka y’umuryango wa NF2, tekereza ku nama z’abaganga mu by’imiterere y’umubiri kugira ngo wumve ibyago byawe.