Ese ni iki? Ibimenyetso, Impamvu, n'Ubuvuzi

Ese ni agace k'uruhu kagoramye, gafite ibibyimba, gakura ku ruhu ruri mu zuba nyuma y'imyaka myinshi uruhu rwangirijwe n'izuba. Aya mabibyimba atari kanseri ni uburyo uruhu rwawe rugaragaza ingaruka ziterwa no kwibasirwa n'izuba mu gihe kirekire.

Tekereza kuri Ese nk'ibimenyetso by'umuburo bikuye ku ruhu rwawe. Nubwo atari kanseri ubwayo, bigaragaza ahantu imiterere y'uturemangingo tw'uruhu yangiritse bihagije ku buryo bishobora guhinduka kanseri y'uruhu niba bitavuwe. Inkuru nziza ni uko, ubufasha bukwiye n'ubuvuzi, ushobora kuvura ayo mabibyimba neza.

Ibimenyetso bya Ese ni ibihe?

Ese isanzwe igaragara nk'ibice bito, bigoramye, bikaba byumvikana nk'umusenyi iyo ubishukishije urutoki. Akenshi biba byoroshye kubyumva kurusha kubibona, niyo mpamvu abantu benshi babibona iyo basiga amavuta cyangwa basukura mu maso.

Dore ibimenyetso bisanzwe ugomba kwitondera:

• Ibibyimba bigoramye, bifite ibibyimba, cyangwa byumye ku duce tw'uruhu ruri mu zuba
• Ibibyimba biri hasi cyangwa byazamutse gato bishobora kuba byera, bitukura, cyangwa byijimye
• Ibibyimba byumvikana byumye, bigoramye, cyangwa bifite umusenyi
• Uduce tw'uruhu dushobora gukorora, gutwika, cyangwa kubabara
• Ibibyimba bishobora kuza no kugenda, rimwe na rimwe bigaragara nk'aho bikize hanyuma bigasubira
• Ibibyimba biri hagati y'ubunini bw'umutwe w'umusego kugeza kuri santimetero irenga imwe

Aya mabibyimba akunze kugaragara mu maso, amatwi, ijosi, umutwe, ikibuno, inyuma y'intoki, amaboko, cyangwa ku minwa. Imiterere akenshi iba ari yo ikintu cyibanzweho - ubwo buryo bugoramye, nk'umusenyi, butuma bitandukanye n'uruhu rusanzwe.

Mu bindi bihe, ushobora kubona ibimenyetso bidafite akamaro nk'ibice bito bimeze nk'amahembe bikura ku kibyimba, cyangwa ibice bishobora kuva amaraso byoroshye iyo byakozweho. Ibyo bintu bitandukanye biguma mu buryo busanzwe Ese ishobora kugaragara.

Ese iterwa n'iki?

Impamvu nyamukuru ya Ese ni ukwangirika kw'imirasire ya ultraviolet (UV) iterwa no kwibasirwa n'izuba n'ibikoresho byo kwishima mu gihe kirekire. Uturemangingo tw'uruhu rwawe buhoro buhoro twangirika, amaherezo bigatuma imiterere idasanzwe y'ubukure itera aya mabibyimba.

Imirasire ya UV ikora ikangiza ADN mu turemangingo tw'uruhu rwawe, cyane cyane mu gice cyo hanze cyitwa epidermis. Iyo ibyo byangirika byiyongereye mu gihe kirekire, bishobora gutuma uturemangingo twakura kandi tukavuka nabi, bigatuma habaho ibibyimba bigoramye ubona kandi ukumva.

Uyu mucyo usaba imyaka myinshi kugira ngo ugaragare, niyo mpamvu Ese ikunze kugaragara mu bantu barengeje imyaka 40. Ariko rero, niba wigeze kwibasirwa cyane n'izuba cyangwa ukunda gukoresha ibikoresho byo kwishima, ushobora kuyibona mu gihe uri muto.

Hari ibintu bimwe na bimwe bishobora kwihutisha uyu mucyo. Kugira uruhu rwera, amaso yera, cyangwa imisatsi yera cyangwa itukura bigutera ubwoba kuko ufite uburinzi buke bwa melanin. Kutu mu bihugu byinshi izuba, gukora hanze, cyangwa kugira amateka yo gutwikwa n'izuba byongera cyane ibyago.

Ni ryari ukwiye kubona muganga kubera Ese?

Ukwiye kubona umuganga igihe cyose ubona ibibyimba bishya, bigoramye, cyangwa byumye ku duce tw'uruhu ruri mu zuba. Gusuzuma hakiri kare bifasha guhamya ko ubuvuzi bukwiye n'ubukurikirane, biguha ibisubizo byiza.

Tegura gahunda yawe vuba niba ubona izi mpinduka ziteye impungenge:

• Ibibyimba bishobora kuva amaraso, bikababara, cyangwa bikagira ibikomere
• Ubukure bwihuse cyangwa impinduka zikomeye mu bunini, ibara, cyangwa imiterere
• Ubukure bw'ikintu gimeze nk'ihemba ku kibyimba
• Uduce tw'uruhu tubabaza cyane cyangwa twibyimba
• Ibibyimba byinshi bishya bigaragara mu gihe gito

Ntugatege amatwi niba kibyimba gitangira kugaragara bitandukanye n'ibindi bibyimba byawe bya Ese cyangwa niba kiba gifite ibice byazamutse, bikomeye. Izo mpinduka zishobora kugaragaza ko kanseri y'uruhu irimo kwiyongera, kandi gutabara hakiri kare buhora ari bwo buryo bwiza.

Nubwo ibibyimba byawe bigaragara ko bimeze neza, ni byiza kubisuzuma buri mwaka. Umuganga wawe ashobora gukurikirana impinduka mu gihe kirekire kandi agutanga inama ku buryo bwiza bwo kuvura buhuye n'imiterere yawe.

Ibintu byongera ibyago bya Ese ni ibihe?

Hari ibintu byinshi byongera amahirwe yo kugira Ese, kwibasirwa n'izuba ari cyo gikomeye. Gusobanukirwa ibintu byongera ibyago bigufasha gufata ingamba z'ubwirinzi zikwiye no kumenya igihe ukwiye kwitondera impinduka z'uruhu.

Ibintu byongera ibyago bisanzwe birimo:

• Uruhu rwera, imisatsi yera, n'amaso yera
• Amateka yo kwibasirwa cyane n'izuba cyangwa gutwikwa n'izuba
• Immyaka irengeje 40 (nubwo abantu bato bashobora kubirwara)
• Kutu mu duce dufite izuba cyangwa ahantu hari hejuru
• Gukora hanze buri gihe
• Gukoresha ibikoresho byo kwishima mbere
• Ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri buke buterwa n'imiti cyangwa indwara

Bimwe mu bintu bidafite akamaro ariko bikomeye birimo kuba warasimbuwe imyanya y'imbere (bisaba imiti igabanya ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri), indwara zimwe na zimwe z'umuzuko zigira ingaruka ku miterere y'uruhu, no kuvurwa kanseri y'uruhu mbere.

Niba ufite ibintu byinshi byongera ibyago, ufite ibyago byinshi byo kugira Ese nyinshi mu gihe kirekire. Ibi ntibisobanura ko uzabirwara, ariko bisobanura ko gukurikirana uruhu rwawe buri gihe no kwirinda izuba biba bikomeye kuri wowe.

Ingaruka zishoboka za Ese ni izihe?

Ikibazo gikomeye kuri Ese ni uko bimwe mu bibyimba bishobora guhinduka kanseri y'uruhu, ubwoko bwa kanseri y'uruhu. Ariko, iyo mpinduka iba buhoro buhoro kandi iba mu kigero gito cyane - ubushakashatsi bugaragaza ko hafi 5-10% bya Ese itabonye ubuvuzi ishobora guhinduka kanseri.

Iyo iyo mpinduka iba, isanzwe iba buhoro buhoro mu mezi cyangwa imyaka aho kuba mu gihe gito. Ibi biguha wowe n'umuganga wawe umwanya wo gukurikirana impinduka no gutabara igihe bikenewe.

Ibimenyetso byerekana ko Ese ishobora kuba irimo guhinduka birimo:

• Iyongera rikomeye mu bunini cyangwa uburebure
• Ubukure bw'ibice bikomeye, byazamutse mu kibyimba
• Kuva amaraso cyangwa ibikomere bidakira
• Impinduka mu ibara, cyane cyane guhumeka cyangwa imiterere idasanzwe
• Kubabara cyangwa kubabara byiyongereye

Mu bihe bidafite akamaro, abantu bafite Ese nyinshi bashobora kugira indwara yitwa field cancerization, aho ibice binini by'uruhu rwangirijwe n'izuba biba mu kaga ko kugira kanseri nyinshi z'uruhu. Ibi bikunze kugaragara mu bantu bafite iyangirika rikomeye ry'izuba n'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri buke.

Ingaruka zo mu mutwe ntizikwiye kwirengagizwa. Bamwe mu bantu bumva bafite impungenge zo kugira ibibyimba bitari kanseri, abandi bashobora kumva batishimiye ibibyimba bigaragara mu maso cyangwa mu ntoki. Ibyo byiyumvo ni ibisanzwe kandi bikwiye kuganirwaho n'umuganga wawe.

Ese ishobora kwirindwa gute?

Kwiringira kwibanda ku kurinda uruhu rwawe iyangirika rya UV, ibyo bishobora gufasha kwirinda Ese nshya yo gukura no gufasha izimaze kubaho kugira ngo zikire. Ikintu nyamukuru ni imyifatire yo kwirinda izuba buri munsi.

Uburyo bwawe bwiza bwo kwirinda burimo:

• Gukoresha amavuta yo kwirinda izuba afite SPF 30 cyangwa hejuru buri munsi
• Kwambara imyenda yo kwirinda izuba, ingofero nini, n'izuba
• Gushaka igicucu mu masaha y'izuba rikomeye (saa 10 za mugitondo kugeza saa 16)
• Kwima ibikoresho byo kwishima rwose
• Kwisuzuma uruhu rwawe buri gihe
• Gusuzumwa n'abaganga nk'uko muganga wawe abisabye

Shyira amavuta yo kwirinda izuba ku ruhu rwawe rwose, harimo n'uturere two mu maso nk'amatwi, ijosi, n'inyuma y'intoki. Ongera ushire buri masaha abiri, cyangwa kenshi niba urimo koga cyangwa urimo gucana.

Wibuke ko imirasire ya UV ishobora kwinjira mu bicu kandi ikagaruka ku biti, umusenyi, n'igice cy'urubura, bityo kwirinda bikaba bikenewe no ku manywa adafite izuba cyangwa mu bihe by'itumba. Gukora kwirinda izuba buri munsi, nk'uko ugosha amenyo, biguha ibisubizo byiza mu gihe kirekire.

Ese imenyekanwa ite?

Kumenya Ese bisanzwe bitangira harebwa n'amaso n'umubiri n'umuganga wawe cyangwa umuganga w'uruhu. Bazareba ibibyimba kandi bakumve imiterere yabyo, bakoresheje ikintu cyo kubona kirekire cyitwa dermatoscope kugira ngo babirebe neza.

Mu bihe byinshi, isura yihariye n'imiterere y'umusenyi bituma Ese byoroshye kuyibona. Muganga wawe azareba ubunini, ibara, aho iherereye, n'umubare w'ibibyimba, kandi azakubaza amateka yawe yo kwibasirwa n'izuba n'impinduka wigeze kubona.

Rimwe na rimwe muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba gukora biopsie y'uruhu, cyane cyane niba kibyimba kigaragara kidafite akamaro cyangwa gifite ibintu biteye impungenge kubera kanseri y'uruhu. Mu gihe cyo gukora biopsie, igice gito cy'uruhu rwangirijwe gikurwaho kandi kirebwaho na microscope n'umuganga.

Uburyo bwo gukora biopsie busanzwe bwihuse kandi bukorwa hifashishijwe imiti yo kubabara mu biro by'umuganga wawe. Nubwo gutekereza kuri biopsie bishobora kuguha impungenge, ni igikoresho gifasha gutanga amakuru arambuye ku cyaba kiri mu turemangingo tw'uruhu rwawe.

Muganga wawe ashobora kandi gukoresha amafoto kugira ngo yandike Ese yawe, akore ibimenyetso byo kugereranya mu gihe kizaza mu gihe cyo gukurikirana. Ibi bifasha gukurikirana impinduka mu gihe kirekire no kumenya ibibyimba bishobora kuba bikeneye kwitabwaho byihariye.

Ubuvuzi bwa Ese ni buhe?

Ubuvuzi bugamije gukuraho uturemangingo tw'uruhu tudafite akamaro no kugabanya ibyago byo guhinduka kanseri y'uruhu. Muganga wawe azagutanga inama ku buryo bwiza buhuye n'umubare, ubunini, n'aho ibibyimba byawe biherereye, kimwe n'ubuzima bwawe rusange n'ibyo ukunda.

Uburyo busanzwe bwo kuvura burimo:

• Cryotherapy (gukonjesha hakoreshejwe azote liquide)
• Imiti yo kwisiga nk'imiquimod, fluorouracil, cyangwa diclofenac
• Photodynamic therapy (ubuvuzi bukoresha umucyo)
• Gukuraho uruhu hakoreshejwe acide trichloroacetic
• Electrodesiccation na curettage (gucukura no gutwika)
• Ubuvuzi bwa laser mu bihe bimwe na bimwe

Cryotherapy ni imwe mu miti isanzwe ikoreshwa, cyane cyane ku bibyimba bimwe na bimwe. Muganga wawe ashyira azote liquide kugira ngo akonjeshe uturemangingo tudafite akamaro, hanyuma bikagwa iyo uruhu rwawe rukize. Ushobora kumva ububabare mu gihe cyo kuvurwa no gutukura cyangwa kubyimba by'igihe gito nyuma.

Imiti yo kwisiga ikora neza iyo ufite ibibyimba byinshi cyangwa ushaka kuvura agace kinini. Aya mavuta cyangwa amavuta ashyirwa mu rugo mu byumweru bike, akuraho uturemangingo twangiritse buhoro buhoro. Uzaba ufite ubukonje, gukuraho uruhu, no kubabara mu gihe cyo kuvurwa, ibyo ni ibisanzwe kandi bigaragaza ko imiti ikora.

Kubera Ese nyinshi, muganga wawe ashobora kugutanga inama yo kuvura hamwe cyangwa uburyo bwo kuvura agace kinini k'uruhu rwangirijwe n'izuba rimwe. Intego ni ukwita ku bibyimba bigaragara gusa ahubwo no ku yangirika hakiri kare bitaragaragara.

Uko wakwitwara mu rugo

Kwita ku rugo kwibanda ku gutera inkunga ubuvuzi bwawe, kurinda uruhu rwawe, no gukurikirana impinduka. Nubwo udashobora kuvura Ese hifashishijwe imiti yo mu rugo gusa, kwita ku buzima bwiza bifasha kunoza ibisubizo byawe byo kuvurwa.

Mu gihe cyo kuvurwa, komeza uturere twangiritse twiza kandi twuzuye amazi keretse muganga wawe abiguhaye inama. Ibicuruzwa byoroshye, bidahumura, n'ibicuruzwa byuzuye amazi bikora neza, kuko uruhu rwavuwe rushobora kuba rworoheje kurusha ibindi.

Rinda uturere twavuwe kwibasirwa n'izuba, kuko uruhu rwawe ruzaba rufite intege nke mu gihe cyo gukira. Kwambara imyenda yo kwirinda izuba no gushyira amavuta yo kwirinda izuba cyane, ndetse no ku manywa adafite izuba. Imiti imwe yo kwisiga ishobora gutuma uruhu rwawe rworohera izuba, bityo kwirinda izuba bikaba ari ngombwa.

Komeza ukurebe uruhu rwawe buri gihe kugira ngo urebe ibibyimba bishya cyangwa impinduka ku ziriho. Fata amafoto niba bigufasha gukurikirana impinduka mu gihe kirekire, kandi bandika uturere tubabaza, kuva amaraso, cyangwa bigaragara bitandukanye n'ibindi bibyimba byawe bya Ese.

Genzura ingaruka ziterwa n'ubuvuzi ukurikije amabwiriza y'umuganga wawe. Niba ukoresha imiti yo kwisiga, tegereza ubukonje no gukuraho uruhu - ibi bisobanura ko ubuvuzi bukora. Ariko, hamagara muganga wawe niba ufite ububabare bukabije, ibimenyetso by'indwara, cyangwa ibintu bigaragara ko birenze ibyo yavuze ko ari ibisanzwe.

Uko wakwitegura gusura muganga

Gutegura bifasha guhamya ko uboneye byinshi mu nama yawe kandi ko muganga wawe afite amakuru yose akenewe kugira ngo aguhe ubufasha bwiza. Tangira ukore urutonde rw'ibibazo byawe n'ibibazo mbere yo gusura.

Kora amakuru yerekeye ibimenyetso byawe, harimo igihe wabonye bwa mbere ibibyimba, impinduka wigeze kubona, niba biguteye ububabare. Andika uturere tw'umubiri wawe twibasiwe niba wigeze kubona ibibyimba bishya vuba.

Tegura amateka yawe y'ubuzima, harimo ubuvuzi bw'uruhu mbere, amateka y'umuryango wa kanseri y'uruhu, imiti ufata, n'ibibazo by'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri. Ntucikwe no kuvuga amateka yawe yo kwibasirwa n'izuba, harimo gutwikwa n'izuba mu bwana, gukoresha ibikoresho byo kwishima, no kwibasirwa n'izuba mu kazi.

Andika ibibazo ushaka kubaza, nka:

• Ni ubuhe buvuzi usaba kandi kuki?
• Ni iki nakwiye kwitega mu gihe cyo kuvurwa no nyuma yacyo?
• Ngahe nkwiye kugira gahunda zo gukurikirana?
• Ni izihe mpinduka nkwiye kwitondera mu rugo?
• Nshobora kurinda uruhu rwanjye neza gute mu gihe kizaza?

Tekereza kuzana inshuti cyangwa umuryango wawe kugira ngo bagufashe kwibuka amakuru yavuzwe mu nama. Bashobora kandi kugutera inkunga niba urimo kugira impungenge kubera ibyavuye mu isuzuma cyangwa uburyo bwo kuvura.

Icyingenzi kuri Ese ni iki?

Ese ni ibibyimba bisanzwe, bivurwa by'uruhu bitari kanseri bikura mu kwangirika kw'izuba mu gihe kirekire. Nubwo ijambo "bitari kanseri" rishobora gutera ubwoba, wibuke ko aya mabibyimba ashobora kuvurwa neza ubufasha bukwiye n'ubukurikirane.

Ikintu gikomeye cyo gusobanukirwa ni uko kubona hakiri kare no kuvura biguha ibisubizo byiza. Ese nyinshi zisubiza neza ubuvuzi, kandi ukoresheje kwirinda izuba, ushobora kwirinda izindi nshya gukura no gufasha izimaze kubaho kugira ngo zikire.

Tekereza kugira Ese nk'uburyo bwo kwibutsa ko ugomba kwita ku ruhu rwawe mu gihe kizaza. Ibi bisobanura gukora kwirinda izuba buri munsi, kwisuzuma uruhu rwawe buri gihe, no gukurikirana ibizamini byawe n'umuganga wawe.

Nturetse impungenge z'Ese zikubuza intambwe nziza ushobora gutera. Hamwe n'ubuvuzi bugezweho uyu munsi n'umuhate wawe wo kwirinda izuba, ushobora kuvura iyi ndwara neza mugihe ukomeza kwishimira ibikorwa byo hanze mu mutekano.

Ibibazo byakunze kubaho kuri Ese

Ese Ese ishobora kuzimira yonyine?

Ese imwe ishobora gucika cyangwa ikazimira by'igihe gito, cyane cyane ukoresheje kwirinda izuba buri gihe, ariko isanzwe isubira niba iyangirika ry'izuba ritavuwe. Ni byiza kuyisuzuma no kuyivura aho kwiringira ko izakira yonyine, kuko ibi biguha ibisubizo byiza mu gihe kirekire.

Ese Ese ihinduka kanseri y'uruhu vuba gute?

Guhinduka kwa Ese muri kanseri y'uruhu bisanzwe biba buhoro cyane, biba mu mezi cyangwa imyaka aho kuba mu byumweru. Hafi 5-10% gusa ya Ese itabonye ubuvuzi ihinduka kanseri, kandi iyo mpinduka iguha umwanya uhagije wo gushaka ubuvuzi iyo impinduka zibaye.

Ese Ese yandura?

Oya, Ese ntiyandura. Iterwa no kwangirika kw'izuba ku turemangingo tw'uruhu rwawe mu gihe kirekire, atari virusi, udukoko, cyangwa ikindi kintu cyandura. Ntushobora kuyifata ku wundi cyangwa kuyikwirakwiza ku bandi.

Nshobora kujya mu zuba niba mfite Ese?

Yego, ushobora kwishimira ibikorwa byo hanze, ariko kwirinda izuba buri gihe biba bikomeye. Koresha amavuta yo kwirinda izuba afite SPF 30 cyangwa hejuru, kwambara imyenda yo kwirinda izuba n'ingofero, no gushaka igicucu mu masaha y'izuba rikomeye. Intego ni ukwirinda iyangirika mu gihe ukomeza kubaho ubuzima bwawe neza.

Ese ubwisungane bw'ubuzima buzakwirakwiza ubuvuzi bwa Ese?

Ubwishingizi bwinshi bw'ubuzima bukwirakwiza ubuvuzi bwa Ese kuko ari ibibyimba bitari kanseri bisaba ubufasha bw'abaganga. Ariko, ubwishingizi bushobora gutandukana bitewe na gahunda yawe n'uburyo bwo kuvura busabwa. Ni byiza kubaza ikigo cyawe cy'ubwisungane ku bwishingizi bwawe mbere yo kuvurwa.