ADHD ni iki? Ibimenyetso, Impamvu, n’Uko Ivurwa

ADHD bivuga Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, ikibazo cy’ubwenge gikura kigakurikira umuntu, gifata uburyo ubwonko bwawe bugenzura uburyo bw’ibitekerezo, gufata ibyemezo vuba, n’ibikorwa. Ni kimwe mu bibazo bikunze kuvugwa cyane ku bana, nubwo abantu bakuru benshi babana nacyo, rimwe na rimwe batanabizi.

Tekereza kuri ADHD nk’ubwonko bwawe bufite imiterere itandukanye gato. Mu gihe bamwe bashobora kubona ko ari ikibazo, abantu benshi bafite ADHD bagira imbaraga zidasanzwe nko guhanga udushya, imbaraga, no gutekereza mu buryo butandukanye. Gusobanukirwa neza ADHD bishobora kugufasha wowe cyangwa abakunzi bawe kubaho neza.

ADHD ni iki?

ADHD ni ikibazo cy’ubwonko gitera imbogamizi mu kwibanda, kwicara utuje, cyangwa gutekereza mbere yo gukora. Ubwonko bwawe bukorana amakuru kandi bugacunga imirimo mu buryo butandukanye n’uburyo busanzwe.

Iki kibazo ntikivuga kuba umuntu ari umunebwe, adafite ishyaka, cyangwa adafite ubwenge. Ahubwo, kigizwe n’itandukaniro runaka mu miterere y’ubwonko no gukora kwacyo, cyane cyane mu bice bigengura ibikorwa by’ubuyobozi nko kwibanda, kwibuka, no kugenzura ibyifuzo. Ibyo bitandukaniro bishobora kugaragara mu buryo butandukanye mu buzima bwawe.

ADHD isanzwe itangira mu bwana, ariko ibimenyetso bikunze gukomeza no mu bukuru. Abantu bakuru benshi basanga bafite ADHD iyo abana babo babimenyeshejwe, bamenya imikorere isa mu mibereho yabo. Iki kibazo kigira ingaruka ku bantu b’ingeri zose, nubwo kimenyeshwa cyane mu bahungu kurusha abakobwa mu bwana.

Ibimenyetso bya ADHD ni ibihe?

Ibimenyetso bya ADHD bigabanyijemo ibice bibiri by’ingenzi: kudakunda kwibanda no gukora cyane-gufata ibyemezo vuba. Ushobora kugira ibimenyetso byo mu gice kimwe cyangwa byombi, kandi uburemere bushobora gutandukana ukurikije umuntu.

Dore ibimenyetso bikunze kugaragara byo kudakunda kwibanda ushobora kubona:

• Kugira imbogamizi mu kwibanda ku mirimo cyangwa ibikorwa, cyane cyane ibyo bidakurura ubwenge
• Kugira imbogamizi mu gukurikiza amabwiriza cyangwa kurangiza imishinga
• Kwihuzagurika byoroshye bitewe n’ibitekerezo bitajyanye n’ibikorwa cyangwa ibintu by’ibidukikije
• Gutakaza kenshi ibintu by’ingenzi nka makiyi, telefoni, cyangwa impapuro
• Kugira imbogamizi mu gutegura imirimo, gucunga igihe, cyangwa kuzuza igihe ntarengwa
• Kwirinda cyangwa gutinda gukora imirimo isaba imbaraga nyinshi zo gutekereza
• Kugaragara nk’utacumva igihe umuntu akubwiye
• Gukora amakosa adatekanye mu kazi cyangwa mu bindi bikorwa

Izo mbogamizi zo kwibanda zishobora gutera agahinda, ariko ibuka ko ziterwa n’itandukaniro mu buryo ubwonko bwawe bukorana amakuru, atari ubusembwa cyangwa kudashyiramo imbaraga.

Ibimenyetso byo gukora cyane no gufata ibyemezo vuba bikunze kugaragara muri iyi buryo:

• Kumva udashaka kwicara cyangwa uhuzagurika, ndetse no mu gihe ugomba kwicara utuje
• Kuvuga cyane cyangwa guhagarika abandi mu biganiro
• Kugira imbogamizi mu gutegereza uruhererekane mu mirongo cyangwa mu matsinda
• Gukora ntutekereze ku ngaruka
• Kumva ugendwaho n’imbaraga z’imbere zidahera
• Kugira imbogamizi mu gukora ibikorwa byo kwicara utuje
• Gusubiza ibibazo bitararangira
• Kugira imbogamizi mu kwicara igihe ugomba kubikora

Mu bantu bakuru, gukora cyane bishobora kugaragara nk’ubushyamirane bw’imbere kurushaho kugaragara mu mikorere y’umubiri. Ushobora kumva nk’aho ubwenge bwawe buhora buhuzagurika cyangwa ko ugomba guhora ukorera ikintu.

Ubwoko bwa ADHD ni ubuhe?

ADHD ifite ubwoko butatu bw’ingenzi, bushingiye ku bimenyetso bikunze kugaragara mu buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi. Gusobanukirwa ubwoko bwawe bishobora kugufasha mu gufata ibyemezo byo kuvura.

Ubwoko butandukanye cyane bwo kudakunda kwibanda bivuga ko ugira imbogamizi mu kwibanda no gutekereza. Ushobora kugaragara nk’uwitekereza ibindi, kugira imbogamizi mu gukurikirana ibiganiro, cyangwa gutakaza kenshi ibintu. Ubu bwoko bwari bwitwa ADD mbere kandi bukunda kudasobanukirwa, cyane cyane mu bakobwa n’abagore.

Ubwoko butandukanye cyane bwo gukora cyane-gufata ibyemezo vuba bugizwe ahanini n’ibimenyetso byo gukora cyane no gufata ibyemezo vuba. Ushobora kumva udashaka kwicara, guhagarika abandi kenshi, cyangwa kugira imbogamizi mu gutekereza mbere yo gukora. Ubu bwoko bukunda kugaragara cyane mu mashuri cyangwa ku kazi.

Ubwoko buhuriweho bugizwe n’ibimenyetso byinshi byombi. Ni bwo bwoko bwa ADHD busanzwe, bugira ingaruka ku bantu bagera kuri 70% bafite icyo kibazo. Ibimenyetso byawe bishobora guhinduka hagati yo kwibanda no gukora cyane-gufata ibyemezo vuba bitewe n’aho uri cyangwa uko uhangayitse.

Impamvu za ADHD ni izihe?

ADHD iterwa n’imiterere y’imirire, ubwonko, n’ibintu by’ibidukikije. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko ahanini irazwa, bivuze ko ikunze kugaragara mu miryango binyuze mu miterere yawe.

Imiringa igira uruhare rukomeye mu iterambere rya ADHD. Niba ufite umubyeyi cyangwa umuvandimwe ufite ADHD, ushobora kuba ufite nayo. Abahanga mu bumenyi bw’indwara bamenye imirire myinshi igira uruhare muri ADHD, nubwo nta murire umwe utera icyo kibazo wenyine.

Itandukaniro mu miterere y’ubwonko no gukora kwacyo bigira uruhare muri ADHD. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko ibice bimwe by’ubwonko, cyane cyane ibyo birebana no kwibanda no kugenzura ibyifuzo, bishobora kuba bito cyangwa bikora mu buryo butandukanye mu bantu bafite ADHD. Intumwa z’ibinyabuzima by’ubwonko, zizwi nka neurotransmitters, nazo zikora mu buryo butandukanye.

Bimwe mu bintu by’ibidukikije mu gihe cyo gutwita bishobora kongera ibyago bya ADHD, nubwo atari impamvu zayo. Ibyo birimo kuba mu mwuka w’itabi, inzoga, cyangwa umunaniro mwinshi mu gihe cyo gutwita. Kubyara imburagihe cyangwa kuvuka ufite ibiro bike bishobora kandi kongera gato ibyago.

Ni ngombwa kumenya ko ADHD iterwa no kurerwa nabi, amasaha menshi yo kureba televiziyo, cyangwa kurya isukari nyinshi. Ibyo bitekerezo by’ikinyoma bishobora gutera ikimwaro cyangwa kunenga ubusa, mu gihe ADHD ari ikibazo cy’ubwenge.

Igihe cyo kujya kwa muganga kubera ADHD

Wagombye gutekereza kujya kwa muganga niba ibimenyetso bya ADHD bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi, imibanire, akazi, cyangwa amashuri. Ijambo ry’ingenzi hano ni “zikomeye” kuko buri wese agira imbogamizi zo kwibanda cyangwa gufata ibyemezo vuba rimwe na rimwe.

Ku bana, tekereza gushaka ubufasha niba abarimu bakunze gutanga raporo z’ibibazo byo kwibanda cyangwa imyitwarire, niba imirimo y’ishuri ibaye intambara ya buri munsi, cyangwa niba umwana wawe agira imbogamizi mu mibanire n’abandi. Umuzamo w’amashuri ushobora kuba uri kugabanuka nubwo afite ubwenge n’imbaraga.

Abantu bakuru bagomba gushaka isuzuma niba bagira imbogamizi mu kubona akazi, gucunga inshingano z’urugo, cyangwa gukomeza imibanire. Ushobora kandi kubitekerezaho niba uhorahora utakaza ibintu by’ingenzi, ukererwa, cyangwa ukumva uremerewe n’imirimo ya buri munsi abandi babona ko byoroshye.

Ntugatege amatwi ibimenyetso kugira ngo bibane bikomeye mbere yo gushaka ubufasha. Kugira ubufasha hakiri kare bishobora kugira uruhare rukomeye mu gucunga ADHD neza no kwirinda ibibazo byiyongera nko guhangayika cyangwa kwiheba.

Ibyago bya ADHD ni ibihe?

Ibintu bimwe bishobora kongera amahirwe yawe yo kurwara ADHD, nubwo kugira ibyago ntibihamya ko uzayirwara. Gusobanukirwa ibyo bintu bishobora kugufasha gusobanukirwa impamvu ADHD itera bamwe ariko ntitere abandi.

Ibyago bikomeye harimo:

• Amateka y’umuryango wa ADHD cyangwa ibindi bibazo byo mu mutwe
• Kubyara imburagihe cyangwa kuvuka ufite ibiro bike
• Kwinjira mu tabiri, inzoga, cyangwa ibiyobyabwenge mu gihe cyo gutwita
• Imvune z’ubwonko, cyane cyane mu gice cy’imbere
• Kuba umuhungu (abahungu bamenyeshwa cyane kurusha abakobwa)
• Kwinjira mu biyobyabwenge byangiza ibidukikije nka plombi mu gihe cy’iterambere

Bimwe mu bibazo by’imirire bidasanzwe bigira uruhare mu kongera ibyago bya ADHD. Ibyo birimo fragile X syndrome, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, n’ibihinduka bimwe by’imirire. Ariko, ibyo bigize igice gito cyane cy’ibibazo bya ADHD.

Bikwiye kuzirikana ko abantu benshi bafite ibyago byinshi batarwara ADHD, mu gihe abandi bafite ibyago bike bayirwara. Ibi bigaragaza uko iterambere ry’icyo kibazo rigoye.

Ingaruka zishoboka za ADHD ni izihe?

Utabonye ubufasha, ADHD ishobora gutera ibibazo bitandukanye mu bice bitandukanye by’ubuzima bwawe. Ariko, ukoresheje uburyo bukwiye bwo kuvura no gufashwa, ushobora kwirinda cyangwa kugabanya ibyinshi muri ibyo bibazo.

Ingaruka zijyanye n’amashuri n’akazi ni zo zikunze kugaragara kandi zishobora kuba:

• Kugira imbogamizi mu kurangiza amashuri cyangwa kuyareka hakiri kare
• Guhindura akazi kenshi cyangwa amakimbirane ku kazi
• Kudatera imbere ukurikije ubushobozi bwawe
• Kudakora neza bitewe no kudakora neza
• Gutinda gukora ibintu bigatuma ucikwa n’igihe ntarengwa cyangwa amahirwe

Ingaruka zijyanye n’imibanire n’amarangamutima zishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku mibereho yawe. Ushobora kugira imbogamizi mu kugumana ubucuti, kugira amakimbirane kenshi mu mibanire, cyangwa kugira icyizere gito bitewe no kunanirwa kenshi cyangwa kunengwa.

Ibibazo byo mu mutwe bikunze kugaragara hamwe na ADHD itabonye ubufasha. Ibibazo byo guhangayika, kwiheba, no gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge bibaho kenshi mu bantu bafite ADHD. Kugerageza buri gihe kuzuza ibyo utegerejwe bishobora gutera kumva udashoboye cyangwa umunaniro uhoraho.

Bamwe mu bantu bafite ADHD bahura n’ingaruka zikomeye ariko zidasanzwe nko kongera ibyago by’impanuka bitewe no gufata ibyemezo vuba, ibibazo by’amategeko bitewe no gufata ibyemezo bibi, cyangwa kwikurura mu bandi cyane. Ariko, ibyo bishobora kubaho gake cyane ukoresheje uburyo bukwiye bwo kuvura no gufashwa.

Ibuke ko ingaruka atari ngombwa. Ukoresheje isuzuma rikwiye, kuvura, no kumenya ubwenge bwawe, abantu benshi bafite ADHD babaho neza, kandi bishimye.

Uko ADHD ishobora kwirindwa

ADHD ntishobora kwirindwa kuko ahanini ari ikibazo cy’imirire gikura bitewe n’itandukaniro ry’ubwonko ribaho kuva ku ivuka. Ariko, ushobora gufata ingamba zo kugabanya ibyago no guteza imbere iterambere ry’ubwonko buzima.

Mu gihe cyo gutwita, ababyeyi bategereje kubyara bashobora guteza imbere iterambere ry’ubwonko buzima mu kwirinda inzoga, itabi, n’ibiyobyabwenge. Kugira ubuvuzi bwiza bwo gutwita, kurya indyo yuzuye, no gucunga umunaniro bishobora kandi gufasha kugabanya ibyago.

Nyuma yo kuvuka, guhanga ibidukikije bifasha bishobora gufasha abana bafite ADHD gutera imbere, nubwo bitabuza icyo kibazo. Ibyo birimo gushyiraho imikorere ihoraho, gutanga ibyo utegerejwe neza, no guhaza ibitotsi n’imirire.

Nubwo utazi kwirinda ADHD ubwayo, kumenya hakiri kare no gufashwa bishobora kwirinda ibibazo byinshi bijyanye n’icyo kibazo. Uko ADHD imenyekana kandi ikavurwa hakiri kare, nibwo ibyiza byayo biramba.

Uko ADHD imenyekana

Kumenya ADHD bisaba isuzuma rirambuye rikorewe n’umuganga ukomeye, akenshi ari umuganga w’indwara zo mu mutwe, umuhanga mu by’imitekerereze, cyangwa umuganga w’abana ufite ubunararibonye muri ADHD. Nta kizami kimwe gishobora kumenya ADHD, bityo uburyo bwo kumenya bushingiye ku gukusanya amakuru arambuye yerekeye ibimenyetso byawe n’amateka yawe.

Umuganga wawe azatangira agakora ikiganiro kirambuye. Azakubaza ibibazo ku bimenyetso byawe ubu, igihe byatangiye, igihe bimaze, n’uko bigira ingaruka ku bice bitandukanye by’ubuzima bwawe. Ku bana, ababyeyi n’abarimu bakunze gutanga ayo makuru.

Uburyo bwo kumenya busanzwe bugizwe n’ibice byinshi. Uzahuza ibyiciro by’ibipimo by’ibimenyetso bya ADHD, kandi umuganga wawe ashobora gusaba abagize umuryango wawe cyangwa abarimu kuzuza impapuro zisa. Ibi bifasha kumenya neza uko ibimenyetso bigaragara mu bihe bitandukanye.

Umuganga wawe azareba kandi amateka yawe y’ubuvuzi, agakora isuzuma ry’umubiri, kandi ashobora gutegeka ibizamini kugira ngo akureho ibindi bibazo bishobora kugaragara nk’ibimenyetso bya ADHD. Ibyo bishobora kuba ibibazo by’umwijima, ibibazo by’amatwi cyangwa amaso, cyangwa ibibazo byo kuryama.

Kugira ngo umenye ADHD, ibimenyetso bigomba kuba byari bihari mbere y’imyaka 12, bikaba mu bihe bitandukanye, bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku mikorere, kandi bikaba byaramaze amezi atandatu. Uburyo bwo kumenya bushobora gufata igihe kinini kugira ngo bukorwe neza.

Uko ADHD ivurwa

Kuvura ADHD bisanzwe bihuza imiti, uburyo bwo kwitwara, no guhindura imibereho hakurikijwe ibyo ukeneye n’imimerere yawe. Intego si ukurinda ADHD ahubwo ni ugufasha gucunga ibimenyetso neza no kunoza imibereho yawe.

Imiti ikunze kuba uburyo bwa mbere bwo kuvura ADHD kuko ishobora kugabanya ibimenyetso byinshi. Imiti ikurura nka methylphenidate na amphetamines ikora kongera ibintu bimwe by’ubwonko bifasha mu kwibanda no kugenzura ibyifuzo. Iyo miti ikora cyane ku bantu bagera kuri 70-80% bafite ADHD.

Imiti idakurura itanga ubundi buryo ku bantu batitabwaho neza n’imiti ikurura cyangwa bagira ingaruka mbi. Ibyo birimo atomoxetine, guanfacine, na clonidine. Bishobora gutinda kugira ingaruka ariko bishobora gufasha abantu benshi.

Uburyo bwo kuvura imyitwarire bwiga ubuhanga bwo gucunga ibimenyetso bya ADHD. Ibyo bishobora kuba kwiga uburyo bwo gutegura ibintu, uburyo bwo gucunga igihe, cyangwa uburyo bwo kugabanya imirimo minini mu bice bito, byoroshye. Uburyo bwo kuvura imyitwarire bushobora kandi gufasha mu guhangana n’ibitekerezo bibi no kugira icyizere gito.

Ku bana, gahunda zo guhugura ababyeyi zishobora gufasha cyane. Ibyo bigisha ababyeyi ubuhanga bwo gucunga imyitwarire ya ADHD, gushyiraho uburyo bwo guhemba, no guhanga ibidukikije by’urugo bifasha mu gutsinda.

Guhindura imibereho bifasha ibindi bivura kandi bishobora kugira uruhare rukomeye. Gukora siporo, ibitotsi bihagije, n’imirire yuzuye byose bifasha imikorere y’ubwonko kandi bishobora gufasha kugabanya ibimenyetso bya ADHD mu buryo bw’umwimerere.

Uko wacunga ADHD murugo

Gucunga ADHD murugo bisaba guhanga ibidukikije bifasha no guteza imbere uburyo bwiza bujyanye n’itandukaniro ry’ubwonko bwawe aho kurwanya.

Gutegura no gushyira ibintu mu buryo ni byo byiza cyane mu gihe ubana na ADHD. Shyiraho ahantu habugenewe ibintu by’ingenzi nka makiyi, amafaranga, na telefoni. Koresha kalendari, ibitabo byo kwandika, cyangwa porogaramu za telefoni kugira ngo ukurikira ibyo uteganya n’igihe ntarengwa. Kugabanya imirimo minini mu bice bito, byoroshye bituma itagaragara nk’ibiremereye.

Shyiraho imikorere ya buri munsi ihoraho izajya iba nk’ibisanzwe igihe kirekire. Ibyo bishobora kuba gushyiraho igihe cyihariye cyo kurya, imirimo y’ishuri, no kuryama. Imikorere igabanya imbaraga zo gutekereza zikenewe mu gufata ibyemezo kandi ifasha mu guhanga uburyo buhoraho mu munsi wawe.

Kora siporo kenshi, kuko gukora siporo bishobora kunoza cyane ibimenyetso bya ADHD. Ndetse no kugenda iminota 20 bishobora gufasha kunoza kwibanda no kugabanya uhuzagurika. Abantu benshi basanga gukora siporo bikora kimwe n’imiti mu gucunga ibimenyetso bimwe.

Hanga ahantu ho kuba hatuje, hateguwe neza hagamijwe kugabanya ibyo bitera imbogamizi. Ibyo bishobora kuba kugira ahantu habugenewe akazi hatagira ibintu byinshi, gukoresha utwuma twumva amajwi make, cyangwa kugira icyumba cyawe cyuzuye umwijima kugira ngo uryama neza.

Koresha uburyo bwo gucunga umunaniro nko guhumeka neza, gutekereza, cyangwa yoga. Ibimenyetso bya ADHD bikunze kuba bibi cyane mu gihe cy’umunaniro, bityo kugira uburyo bwo guhangana neza bishobora kwirinda ibimenyetso.

Uko wagomba kwitegura ku muhango wawe kwa muganga

Kwitegura isuzuma ryawe rya ADHD cyangwa umuhango wo gukurikirana ubufasha bifasha mu kugira isuzuma ryiza kandi uburyo bukwiye bwo kuvura. Kwitegura neza bishobora gutuma habaho uruzinduko rufasha kurusha uruzinduko rutera agahinda.

Mbere y’umuhango wawe, andika ibintu byihariye byerekana uko ibimenyetso bya ADHD bigira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi. Shyiramo amakuru yerekeye akazi, amashuri, imibanire, n’inshingano z’urugo. Ibintu bifatika bifasha umuganga wawe gusobanukirwa ingaruka nyakuri z’ibimenyetso byawe.

Kora kopi y’ibyemezo by’ubuvuzi, isuzuma ryabanje, cyangwa raporo z’ishuri zishobora gutanga amakuru yerekeye ibimenyetso byawe. Niba ushaka isuzuma ry’umwana wawe, zana amanota y’amashuri, ibitekerezo by’abarimu, n’ibizamini byabanje.

Tegura urutonde rw’ibibazo ushaka kubaza. Ibyo bishobora kuba ibibazo ku buryo bwo kuvura, ingaruka mbi, cyangwa uko wacunga ibimenyetso ku kazi cyangwa mu ishuri. Ntugatinye gusaba ko basobanura niba hari ikintu kidakumenyereye.

Tekereza kuzana inshuti cyangwa umuntu wo mu muryango w’umuntu ukunda. Bashobora gutanga amakuru y’ibimenyetso byawe kandi bagufasha kwibuka amakuru yavuzwe mu gihe cy’uruzinduko.

Andika urutonde rw’imiti yose, ibintu byongera imbaraga, na vitamine ukoresha ubu. Bimwe mu bintu bishobora guhangana n’imiti ya ADHD cyangwa bigira ingaruka ku bimenyetso, bityo umuganga wawe akeneye amakuru yuzuye.

Icyo ukwiye kumenya cyane kuri ADHD

ADHD ni ikibazo nyakuri, kivurwa, gifata abantu benshi ku isi. Nubwo gishobora gutera ibibazo mu buzima bwa buri munsi, si ikibazo cy’imico, ikosa rya kimuntu, cyangwa ibyavuye mu kurerwa nabi cyangwa kutagira ubushake.

Ikintu cy’ingenzi cyo kwibuka ni uko ADHD ivurwa cyane. Ukoresheje isuzuma rikwiye, kuvura, n’ubufasha bwiza, abantu bafite ADHD bashobora kubaho neza, kandi bishimye. Abantu benshi bafite ADHD bagera ku bintu bikomeye mu kazi, imibanire, n’intego zabo bwite.

ADHD ifite kandi imbaraga zidasanzwe zitakagombye kwirengagizwa. Abantu benshi bafite ADHD ni abahanga, bafite imbaraga, bahanga udushya, kandi bashobora gutekereza mu buryo butandukanye n’ubusanzwe. Izo mbaraga zishobora kuba umutungo ukomeye iyo zikoreshwa neza.

Niba ukekako wowe cyangwa umuntu ukunda ashobora kuba afite ADHD, ntutinye gushaka ubufasha bw’umwuga. Kugira ubufasha hakiri kare no kuvura bishobora kwirinda ibibazo byinshi kandi bikagufasha guteza imbere uburyo bwiza bwo gucunga ibimenyetso.

Ibibazo bikunze kubaho kuri ADHD

Ese abantu bakuru bashobora kurwara ADHD nyuma y’imyaka?

ADHD ntiyatera mu bukuru, ariko abantu bakuru benshi bamenyeshwa bwa mbere mu bukuru. Ibimenyetso byari bihari mu bwana ariko bishobora kuba byararengagijwe, cyane cyane mu bakobwa cyangwa abantu bafite ibimenyetso byo kudakunda kwibanda. Ihinduka mu buzima nko kongera inshingano bishobora gutuma ibimenyetso bihari bigaragara cyane.

Ese ADHD imenyekana cyane ku bana?

Nubwo umubare w’abantu bafite ADHD wiyongereye mu myaka mike ishize, abahanga benshi bemeza ko ibyo bigaragaza ubumenyi bwiza no kumenya kurushaho kuruta kumenya cyane. Abana benshi, cyane cyane abakobwa n’abafite ibimenyetso byo kudakunda kwibanda, mbere ntibabimenyeshwaga. Isuzuma rikwiye rikorewe n’abahanga mu by’ubuvuzi rifasha mu kumenya neza.

Ese ushobora gukira ADHD?

ADHD ni ikibazo cy’ubuzima bwose, ariko ibimenyetso bikunze guhinduka uko umuntu akura. Gukora cyane bisanzwe bigabanuka mu bukuru, mu gihe ibibazo byo kwibanda bishobora gukomeza. Abantu bakuru benshi biga uburyo bwiza bwo guhangana bubafasha gucunga ibimenyetso neza, bituma icyo kibazo kidahungabanya ubuzima bwa buri munsi.

Ese imiti ya ADHD ikora neza mu gihe kirekire?

Imiti ya ADHD yarakozweho ubushakashatsi kandi isanzwe ikora neza mu gihe kirekire iyo igenzurwa n’umuganga. Gusuzuma kenshi bifasha mu kumenya ko imiti ikomeza gukora kandi bigatuma hamenyekana ingaruka mbi zihari hakiri kare. Akamaro ko kuvura akenshi karuta ibyago ku bantu benshi.

Ese guhindura imirire bishobora gufasha gucunga ibimenyetso bya ADHD?

Nubwo nta mirire yihariye ishobora gukiza ADHD, kugira imirire myiza bifasha ubuzima bw’ubwonko muri rusange kandi bishobora gufasha mu gucunga ibimenyetso. Bamwe basanga kugabanya isukari cyangwa ibintu byongera imbaraga bifasha, nubwo ibimenyetso by’ubushakashatsi ari bike. Imirire yuzuye ifite ibyo kurya byinshi bishobora gufasha mu kugumana imbaraga n’ubwenge mu gihe cyose cy’umunsi.