Agoraphobia

Agoraphobia (ag-uh-ruh-FOE-be-uh) ni ubwoko bw'indwara yo guhangayika. Agoraphobia isobanura gutinya no kwirinda ahantu cyangwa ibintu bishobora gutera ubwoba n'ibyiyumvo byo gufatwa, kubura ubufasha cyangwa ipfunwe. Ushobora gutinya ikintu cyabaye cyangwa kigiye kuba. Urugero, ushobora gutinya gukoresha uburyo bwo gutwara abantu rusange, kuba ahantu hafunguye cyangwa hafite, guhagarara mu gace, cyangwa kuba mu mbaga y'abantu.

Ubwoba buterwa n'uko nta buryo bworoshye bwo guhunga cyangwa kubona ubufasha iyo ubwoba bukura. Ushobora kwirinda ibintu bitewe n'ubwoba nk'ubwo kubura inzira, kugwa, cyangwa kugira impiswi utabona aho ugana ubwiherero. Abantu benshi barwaye agoraphobia bayirwara nyuma yo kugira ikibazo cyangwa ibibazo byo guhangayika, bikabatera impungenge zo kongera kugira ikindi kibazo. Hanyuma birinda ahantu bishobora kongera kubaho.

Agoraphobia ikunze gutera ikibazo cyo kumva utekanye ahantu hose hahurira abantu, cyane cyane aho abantu bahurira benshi no mu hantu batazi. Ushobora kumva ukeneye umuntu ubanza, nka umuryango cyangwa inshuti, kugenda nawe ahantu hahurira abantu. Ubwoba bushobora kuba bukomeye ku buryo ushobora kumva utazi kuva mu rugo rwawe.

Ubuvuzi bwa Agoraphobia bushobora kuba ingorabahizi kuko bisobanura guhangana n'ubwoba bwawe. Ariko, ukoresheje ubuvuzi bukwiye - busanzwe ari uburyo bwo kuvura bwitwa kuvura imitekerereze n'imiti - ushobora guhunga umutego wa agoraphobia no kubona ubuzima bwiza.

Ibimenyetso bisanzwe bya agoraphobia birimo gutinya: Kuva mu rugo wenyine. Abantu benshi cyangwa gutegereza mu gace. Ibibanza bifunze, nka sinema, ascenseurs cyangwa amaduka mato. Ibibanza binini, nka parikingi, ibiraro cyangwa amaduka. Gukoresha uburyo bwo gutwara rusange, nka bisi, indege cyangwa gari ya moshi. Ibi bibazo biterwa no guhangayika kuko utinya ko utazashobora guhunga cyangwa kubona ubufasha iyo utangiye kumva uhangayitse. Cyangwa ushobora gutinya kugira ibindi bimenyetso bidakora cyangwa biteye isoni, nko guhinda umutwe, kugwa, kugwa cyangwa impiswi. Byongeye kandi: Ubwoba bwawe cyangwa guhangayika birenze akaga nyakuri k'ikibazo. Wirinda icyo kibazo, ukeneye umuntu ujyana nawe, cyangwa wihanganira icyo kibazo ariko urakaye cyane. Ufite umubabaro ukomeye cyangwa ibibazo mu mibanire, mu kazi cyangwa mu bindi bice by'ubuzima bwawe kubera ubwoba, guhangayika cyangwa kwirinda. Ubwoba bwawe no kwirinda bisanzwe byamamara amezi atandatu cyangwa arenga. Bamwe bafite indwara yo guhangayika uretse agoraphobia. Indwara yo guhangayika ni ubwoko bw'indwara yo guhangayika burimo ibitero byo guhangayika. Igitero cyo guhangayika ni ikintu cy'ubwoba bukabije kigera ku rwego rwo hejuru mu minota mike kandi gitera ibimenyetso byinshi by'umubiri. Ushobora gutekereza ko utakiri kugenzura, ufite ikibazo cy'umutima cyangwa ndetse no gupfa. Gutinya ikindi gitero cyo guhangayika bishobora gutuma wirindira ibibazo nk'ibyo cyangwa aho byabereye kugira ngo wirinde ibindi bitero byo guhangayika. Ibimenyetso by'igitero cyo guhangayika birimo: Umutima ukubita cyane. Kugira ikibazo cyo guhumeka cyangwa kumva uri gukanga. Kubabara mu gituza cyangwa guhumeka. Guhinda umutwe cyangwa gucika intege. Kumva uri guhinda, utameze neza cyangwa ugira uburibwe. Gusohora ibyuya byinshi. Guhindagurika cyangwa gukonja. Kugira ikibazo cy'igifu cyangwa impiswi. Kumva udafite ubushobozi bwo kugenzura. Gutinya gupfa. Agoraphobia ishobora kugabanya cyane ubushobozi bwawe bwo kwifatanya n'abandi, gukora, kwitabira ibirori by'ingenzi ndetse no gucunga ibintu bya buri munsi, nko kugenda mu kazi. Nturetse agoraphobia igabanye isi yawe. Hamagara umuvuzi wawe cyangwa umuhanga mu buvuzi bw'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe niba ufite ibimenyetso bya agoraphobia cyangwa ibitero byo guhangayika.

Agoraphobia irashobora kugabanya cyane ubushobozi bwawe bwo kwifatanya n'abandi, gukora, kwitabira ibirori by'ingenzi ndetse no gucunga ibintu bya buri munsi, nko kujya guhaha. Nturetse agoraphobia igabanye isi yawe. Hamagara umuvuzi wawe cyangwa umuhanga mu buvuzi bwo mu mutwe niba ufite ibimenyetso bya agoraphobia cyangwa ibitero by'umutima.

Ubuzima bw'umubiri—harimo n'uburwayi n'imiterere y'umuntu ku rwego rw'imyororokere—imico, umunaniro n'ibintu by'ubuzima byigishijwe bishobora kugira uruhare mu iterambere rya agoraphobia.

Agoraphobia ishobora gutangira mu bwana, ariko ubusanzwe itangira mu myaka y'ubwangavu cyangwa mu myaka ya mbere y'ubukure - akenshi mbere y'imyaka 35. Ariko abantu bakuze nabo barashobora kuyirwara. Abagore nibo bapimwa agoraphobia kenshi kurusha abagabo.

Ibyago byo kwibasirwa na agoraphobia birimo:

• Kurwara ihahamuka cyangwa izindi mico y'ubwoba bwinshi, bizwi nka phobia.
• Kugira ubwoba bukabije no kwirinda ibitero by'ihahamuka.
• Guhura n'ibintu bikaze mu buzima, nko guhohoterwa, urupfu rw'umubyeyi cyangwa kugabwaho igitero.
• Kugira kamere y'umuntu uhangayitse cyangwa udasiba guhangayika.
• Kugira umuryango ufite agoraphobia.

Agoraphobia irashobora kugabanya cyane ibikorwa byawe byo mu buzima. Niba agoraphobia yawe ari mbi cyane, ushobora kutava mu rugo rwawe. Utabonye ubuvuzi, bamwe baba bafungiwe mu ngo zabo imyaka myinshi. Ibi nibikubaho, ushobora kutajya gusura umuryango n'inshuti, kujya ku ishuri cyangwa ku kazi, gukora imirimo, cyangwa kwitabira ibindi bikorwa bisanzwe bya buri munsi. Ushobora kuba ukeneye ubufasha bw'abandi.

Agoraphobia ishobora kandi gutera:

• Gukoresha nabi inzoga cyangwa ibiyobyabwenge.
• Kuziyumva nabi no kwibabaza.

Nta buryo bwo gukumira agoraphobia buhamye. Ariko imihangayiko ikunda kwiyongera uko wirindira cyane ahantu utinya. Niba utangiye kugira ubwoba buke bwo kujya ahantu hatekanye, gerageza kujya muri ayo hantu kenshi. Ibi bishobora kugufasha kumva utekanye muri ayo hantu. Niba ibi bigoye gukora wenyine, saba umuntu wo mu muryango cyangwa inshuti kugenda nawe, cyangwa ushake ubufasha bw’umwuga. Niba ufite imihangayiko yo kujya ahantu cyangwa ukagira ibitero byo guhangayika, uvurwe vuba bishoboka. Fata ubufasha hakiri kare kugira ngo ibimenyetso bitakomeza kuba bibi. Umuhangayiko, kimwe n’izindi ndwara nyinshi zo mu mutwe, bishobora kugorana kuvura niba utegereje.

Agoraphobia imenyeshwa hagendewe kuri:

• Ibimenyetso.
• Ikiganiro kirambuye n'abaganga bawe cyangwa umujyanama mu by'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe.
• Suzuma umubiri kugira ngo habeho gukuraho izindi ndwara zishobora kuba ziterwa n'ibimenyetso byawe.

Ubuvuzi bwa Agoraphobia busanzwe burimo ubuvuzi bw'imitekerereze—bwitwa kandi ubuvuzi bw'ibiganiro—n'imiti. Bishobora gufata igihe, ariko ubuvuzi bushobora kugufasha gukira.

Ubuvuzi bw'ibiganiro burimo gukorana n'umujyanama kugira ngo ushyireho intego kandi wiga ubuhanga bw'ingirakamaro kugira ngo ugabanye ibimenyetso byawe byo guhangayika. Ubuvuzi bwo guhindura imitekerereze ni bwo buryo bwiza cyane bw'ubuvuzi bw'ibiganiro ku ndwara zo guhangayika, harimo na Agoraphobia.

Ubuvuzi bwo guhindura imitekerereze bugamije kukwigisha ubuhanga bw'umwihariko kugira ngo wihanganire neza guhangayika, uhangane n'impungenge zawe kandi ugaruke buhoro buhoro mu bikorwa wari wirinze kubera guhangayika. Ubuvuzi bwo guhindura imitekerereze busanzwe ari ubuvuzi bugufi. Muri uwo mujyo, ibimenyetso byawe birakura uko ujyenda wiyubaka ku ntsinzi yawe ya mbere.

Ushobora kwiga:

• Ibintu bishobora gutera igitero cy'ubwoba cyangwa ibimenyetso nk'ibyo bwoba n'ibibikomeza.
• Uko wakwirinda no kwihanganira ibimenyetso byo guhangayika.
• Uburyo bwo guhangana n'impungenge zawe, nko kumenya niba ibintu bibi bishobora kubaho mu mimerere ya sosiyete.
• Ko guhangayika bigabanuka buhoro buhoro kandi ko ibyo watinyaga bidakunze kubaho niba uhagaze mu mimerere ihagije kugira ngo ubigireho isomo.
• Uko wegereza imimerere watinyaga kandi wirinze mu buryo buhoro buhoro, busobanutse, bugenzurwa kandi busubiramo. Izwi kandi nka terapi yo kwerekana, iyi ni yo ngingo y'ingenzi y'ubuvuzi bwa Agoraphobia.

Niba ugira ikibazo cyo kuva mu rugo rwawe, ushobora kwibaza uko wakwenda mu biro by'umujyanama. Abajyanama bavura Agoraphobia bazi iyi ngorane.

Niba Agoraphobia ikomeye ku buryo udashobora kubona ubuvuzi, ushobora kungukirwa na gahunda ikomeye yo mu bitaro izi ubuvuzi bw'ubwoba. Gahunda yo hanze y'ibitaro ikomeye isanzwe irimo kujya kwa muganga cyangwa mu bitaro igihe cy'igice cyangwa umunsi wose mu gihe cy'ibyumweru bibiri byibuze kugira ngo ukore ku bumenyi kugira ngo ugenzure neza guhangayika kwawe. Mu bimwe mu bihe, gahunda yo gutura ishobora kuba ikenewe. Irimo kuguma mu bitaro igihe runaka mugihe ubonye ubuvuzi bw'ubwoba bukabije.

Ushobora kwifuza kujyana umuntu w'umuryango cyangwa inshuti wizeye mu nama yawe ushobora gutanga ihumure, ubufasha n'amahugurwa, niba ari ngombwa.

• Imiti yo kurwanya guhangayika. Imiti yo kurwanya guhangayika yitwa benzodiazepines ni imiti ituma utuza, mu mimerere mike, umuvuzi wawe ashobora kuyandika kugira ngo agabanye ibimenyetso byo guhangayika. Benzodiazepines zikoresha gusa mu gihe gito kugira ngo zigabanye guhangayika bibaho k'umwete, bita kandi guhangayika gukabije. Kubera ko zishobora gutera ubumwe, iyi miti si amahitamo meza niba ufite ibibazo by'igihe kirekire byo guhangayika cyangwa ibibazo by'inzoga cyangwa ikoreshwa nabi ry'ibiyobyabwenge.

Bishobora gufata ibyumweru kugira ngo imiti ifashe gucunga ibimenyetso. Kandi ushobora kugerageza imiti itandukanye mbere yo kubona imiti ikubereye.

Ibinyobwa bimwe na bimwe by'ibimera bivuga ko bifite akamaro ko gutuza kagabanya guhangayika. Mbere yo gufata ibyo ari byo byose kuri Agoraphobia, banza uvugane n'umuvuzi wawe. Nubwo ibi binyobwa biboneka nta rupapuro rw'abaganga, bigira ingaruka ku buzima.

Nk'urugero, ibinyobwa by'ibimera kava, bita kandi kava kava, byagaragaye ko ari ubuvuzi bwiza bwo guhangayika. Ariko hari raporo z'ibikomere bikomeye by'umwijima, ndetse no mu gihe gito. Ikigo cy'Amerika gishinzwe ibiryo n'imiti (FDA) cyatanze imyigisho ariko ntikabuza kugurisha muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika. Irinde ibicuruzwa byose birimo kava kugeza ibyigisho byimbitse by'umutekano bikozwe, cyane cyane niba ufite ibibazo by'umwijima cyangwa ufata imiti igira ingaruka ku mwijima wawe.

Kubaho na Agoraphobia bishobora gutera ubuzima bugoranye kandi bugabanya cyane. Ubuvuzi bw'umwuga bushobora kugufasha gutsinda iyi ndwara cyangwa kuyigenzura neza kugira ngo utabaho nk'imfungwa y'ubwoba bwawe.

Nanone ushobora gufata ibi bintu kugira ngo wihanganire kandi witware:

• Kurikiza gahunda yawe y'ubuvuzi. Komereza gahunda yawe yo kubonana n'abaganga. Vugana buri gihe n'umujyanama wawe. Menya kandi ukore ubuhanga bwize mu buvuzi. Kandi ufate imiti uko byategetswe.
• Gerageza kwirinda imimerere utinya. Bishobora kuba bigoye kujya ahantu cyangwa kuba mu mimerere ikubabaza cyangwa ikuberaho ibimenyetso byo guhangayika. Ariko gukora buri gihe kujya ahantu henshi bishobora kubigira bike cyane kandi bigabanye guhangayika kwawe. Umuryango, inshuti n'umujyanama wawe bashobora kugufasha gukora kuri ibi.
• Menya ubuhanga bwo gutuza. Gukorana n'umujyanama wawe, ushobora kwiga uko witeza amahoro no kwihanganisha. Gutekereza, yoga, massage na visualization ni uburyo bworoshye bwo kuruhuka bishobora kandi gufasha. Kora aya mahugurwa igihe utari guhangayika cyangwa uhangayitse, hanyuma ubishyire mu bikorwa mu bihe bikaze.
• Irinde inzoga n'ibiyobyabwenge byo kwidagadura. Nanone gabanya cyangwa ntukoreshe caffeine. Ibi bintu bishobora kongera ibimenyetso byawe by'ubwoba cyangwa guhangayika.
• Witware neza. Ryama bihagije, kora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri munsi, kandi urye indyo yuzuye, harimo imboga n'imbuto nyinshi.
• Jya mu itsinda ry'abantu bafite ibibazo bimwe. Kwinjira mu itsinda ry'abantu bafite ibibazo byo guhangayika bishobora kugufasha guhuza n'abandi bahanganye n'ibibazo nk'ibyo kandi bakaba basangira uburambe.

Kubaho ufite agahinda ko guhunga ahantu hahuriye abantu benshi bishobora gutera imbogamizi mu buzima kandi bikagufunga cyane. Ivuriro ry’umwuga rishobora kugufasha gutsinda iki kibazo cyangwa kukigenzura neza kugira ngo utabaho ufungiwe n’ubwoba bwawe. Nanone ushobora gufata ibi bice kugira ngo wihangane kandi witware neza: Kurikiza gahunda yawe y’ubuvuzi. Kwitabira inama z’ubuvuzi. Kuganira buri gihe n’umuvuzi wawe. Gukora no gukoresha ubumenyi bwize mu buvuzi. Kandi ufate imiti uko byategetswe. Gerageza kwirinda kwirinda ibintu biteye ubwoba. Bishobora kuba bigoye kujya ahantu cyangwa kuba mu bihe bikutera igihunga cyangwa bikubera ibimenyetso by’umujinya. Ariko gukora buri gihe kujya ahantu henshi bishobora kubigira bike cyane kandi bigatuma umujinya wawe ugabanuka. Umuryango, inshuti n’umuvuzi wawe bashobora kugufasha gukora kuri ibi. Menya ubuhanga bwo gutuza. Ukorana n’umuvuzi wawe, ushobora kumenya uko wihangana kandi ukiruhutsa. Gutekereza, yoga, massage na visualization ni uburyo bworoshye bwo kuruhuka bishobora kandi kugufasha. Kora ibi bintu igihe utari mu gihunga cyangwa uhangayitse, hanyuma ubishyire mu bikorwa mu bihe bitoroshye. Irinde inzoga n’ibiyobyabwenge. Nanone gabanya cyangwa ntukoreshe caffeine. Ibi bintu bishobora kurushaho kuba bibi ku gihunga cyawe cyangwa ibimenyetso by’umujinya. Witware neza. Ryama bihagije, komeza ukore imyitozo ngororamubiri buri munsi, kandi urye indyo yuzuye, harimo imboga n’imbuto nyinshi. Jya mu itsinda ry’ubufasha. Kwinjira mu itsinda ry’ubufasha ry’abantu bafite ibibazo by’umujinya bishobora kugufasha guhura n’abandi bahura n’ibibazo nk’ibyo kandi bakazana uburambe.