Kanser ya mu gikombe cya Vater ni iki? Ibimenyetso, Intandaro, n’Ubuvuzi

Kanser ya mu gikombe cya Vater ni iki?

Kanser ya mu gikombe cya Vater (ampulla of Vater) ni ubwoko bwa kanseri buke cyane, itera mu gikombe cya Vater, agace gato aho umuyoboro w’umunyuka n’umuyoboro w’umusemburo w’umwijima bahurira mbere yo kujya mu ruhago rw’amara mato. Tekereza ko ari aho amazi akomeye aturuka mu mirire ahurira.

Aka gace gato ariko gakomeye, gafite ubunini nk’igipande cy’umugati, gifite uruhare rukomeye mu mirire yawe kuko gukemura umunyuka n’imisemburo y’umwijima mu ruhago rw’amara. Iyo kanseri ibaye hano, ishobora kubangamira inzira z’ingenzi kandi ikagira ingaruka ku buryo umubiri wawe utunganya ibiryo n’ibintu by’ingenzi.

Inkuru nziza ni uko kanseri ya mu gikombe cya Vater ikunze gutera ibimenyetso hakiri kare, bivuze ko ishobora kuboneka kandi kuvurwa mbere yuko ikwirakwira mu zindi nzego z’umubiri wawe. Nubwo igize munsi ya 1% ya kanseri zose z’uburyo bw’igogorwa, gusobanukirwa ibimenyetso byayo bishobora gutanga itandukaniro rikomeye mu musaruro.

Ibimenyetso bya kanseri ya mu gikombe cya Vater ni ibihe?

Ikimenyetso cya mbere gikunze kugaragara cya kanseri ya mu gikombe cya Vater ni umuhondo, ubaho iyo umunyuka udashobora kugenda neza mu ruhago rw’amara. Ushobora kubona uruhu rwawe n’amaso y’amaso byahinduye umuhondo, hamwe n’inkari z’umukara n’amatungo y’umweru.

Abantu benshi bafite kanseri ya mu gikombe cya Vater bagaragaza ibi bimenyetso byiyongereye:

• Kubabara mu nda, cyane cyane mu gice cy’iburyo hejuru
• Gutakaza ibiro bitasobanuwe mu byumweru cyangwa amezi
• Gutakaza ubushake bwo kurya cyangwa kumva wuzuye vuba nyuma yo kurya
• Isesemi no kuruka
• Uruhu ruryaryatse kubera umunyuka uhagaze
• Guhinduka mu mirire, harimo impiswi cyangwa amatungo afite amavuta menshi
• Uburwayi n’intege nke

Bamwe bashobora kugira ibimenyetso bike bikunze kugaragara nka firiviere, kubabara mu mugongo, cyangwa amaraso mu matungo. Ibi bimenyetso bishobora kuza buhoro buhoro, kandi ubanza ushobora kubifata nk’ibibazo by’igogorwa cyangwa ibibazo bifitanye isano n’umunaniro.

Wibuke ko ibi bimenyetso bishobora kuba bifite impamvu nyinshi uretse kanseri, bityo kubigira ntibibuza ko ufite kanseri ya mu gikombe cya Vater. Ariko kandi, ibimenyetso biramba, cyane cyane umuhondo, bikwiye kuvurirwa vuba na muganga.

Intandaro za kanseri ya mu gikombe cya Vater ni izihe?

Intandaro nyakuri ya kanseri ya mu gikombe cya Vater ntiyumvikana neza, ariko itera iyo uturemangingo dusanzwe mu gikombe cya Vater dutangira gukura no kwisiga mu buryo budakwiye. Ibi bibaho kubera impinduka muri ADN y’aya turemangingo, nubwo icyateye izi mpinduka bitandukanye ku muntu ku wundi.

Ibintu byinshi bishobora gutera kanseri ya mu gikombe cya Vater:

• Indwara z’impyiko nk’indwara ya familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) cyangwa syndrome ya Lynch
• Kuvimba gahoraho mu muyoboro w’umunyuka cyangwa umusemburo w’umwijima
• Amateka yabanje y’ubwoko bumwe bw’ibintu bito mu ruhago rw’amara
• Kugira aho uhurira n’ibintu bimwe na bimwe cyangwa uburozi igihe kirekire
• Kunywa itabi
• Kunywisha inzoga cyane

Mu bihe bidafite akamaro, kanseri ya mu gikombe cya Vater ishobora kuba igice cy’indwara za kanseri zikomoka ku miryango zikwirakwira mu miryango. Izi ndwara z’impyiko zongera cyane ibyago ariko zigize igice gito cyane cy’ibintu.

Abantu benshi barwara kanseri ya mu gikombe cya Vater nta byago byagaragaye, bivuze ko kanseri isa nkaho itera mu buryo butunguranye. Ibi bishobora kuba bibi, ariko bivuze ko utakwiye kwibasira niba ubonye iyi ndwara.

Ibyago bya kanseri ya mu gikombe cya Vater ni ibihe?

Imyaka ni yo kintu gikomeye cyane cy’ibyago, aho ibintu byinshi bibaho mu bantu barengeje imyaka 60. Ariko kandi, kanseri ya mu gikombe cya Vater ishobora kuba mu myaka yose, harimo no mu bantu bato, cyane cyane abafite ibyago by’impyiko.

Ibintu byinshi n’imibereho bishobora kongera ibyago byawe:

• Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), itera ibintu byinshi mu gifu
• Syndrome ya Lynch, indwara ikomoka ku muryango igira ingaruka ku gusana ADN
• Syndrome ya Peutz-Jeghers, itera ibintu byinshi mu ruhago rw’igogorwa
• Kuvimba gahoraho kw’umusemburo w’umwijima cyangwa umunyuka
• Kunywa itabi cyangwa gukoresha ibindi bicuruzwa by’itabi
• Kunywisha inzoga cyane imyaka myinshi
• Kuba umugabo, kuko abagabo barwara iyi kanseri kurusha abagore gato

Abantu bafite indwara zimwe na zimwe z’impyiko zidafite akamaro bafite ibyago byinshi kurusha abaturage muri rusange. Niba ufite amateka y’umuryango w’izi ndwara cyangwa abantu benshi bo mu muryango wawe barwaye kanseri y’igogorwa, inama y’impyiko ishobora kugufasha.

Kugira kimwe cyangwa ibyago byinshi ntibisobanura ko uzabona kanseri ya mu gikombe cya Vater. Abantu benshi bafite ibyago ntibabona iyi ndwara, mu gihe abandi badafite ibyago bizwi bayibona.

Ugomba kubona muganga ryari kubera kanseri ya mu gikombe cya Vater ishobora kubaho?

Ugomba kuvugana na muganga wawe vuba niba ubonye umuhondo, cyane cyane niba ugaragara hamwe no kubabara mu nda cyangwa gutakaza ibiro bitasobanuwe. Umuhondo ugaragara cyangwa ukomeza kwiyongera vuba ukeneye ubuvuzi bw’ihutirwa.

Tegura gahunda mu minsi mike niba ufite ibimenyetso biramba nko kubabara mu nda, gutakaza ibiro byinshi utabishaka, cyangwa guhinduka mu mirire bikomeza ibyumweru cyangwa ibyumweru bibiri.

Shaka ubuvuzi bw’ihutirwa niba ubonye kubabara cyane mu nda, firiviere ikomeye hamwe n’umuhondo, cyangwa kuruka kukubuza kubona amazi. Ibi bimenyetso bishobora kugaragaza ingaruka zikeneye ubuvuzi bw’ihutirwa.

Ntutegereze kureba niba ibimenyetso bizagenda ubwabyo, cyane cyane niba ufite ibimenyetso byinshi hamwe. Kubona hakiri kare no kuvura kanseri ya mu gikombe cya Vater birongera cyane umusaruro, bityo gusuzuma kwa muganga vuba bihora ari amahitamo meza.

Ingaruka zishoboka za kanseri ya mu gikombe cya Vater ni izihe?

Niba idavuwe, kanseri ya mu gikombe cya Vater ishobora gutera ingaruka zikomeye mu kubangamira umunyuka n’imisemburo y’umwijima. Ikibazo cya mbere gikunze kubaho ni umuhondo ukomeye, ushobora gutera ibibazo by’umwijima n’indwara.

Ingaruka zisanzwe harimo:

• Kubangamira umuyoboro w’umunyuka bigatera ibibazo by’umwijima
• Indwara mu muyoboro w’umunyuka (cholangitis)
• Kubangamira umuyoboro w’umusemburo w’umwijima bigatera kubabara cyane
• Imvura mbi kubera igogorwa rike ry’amavuta
• Ibibazo byo gukora amaraso
• Kwirimuka kwa kanseri mu zindi nzego hafi nka umwijima cyangwa imiyoboro y’amaraso

Mu bihe bikomeye, kanseri ishobora gukwirakwira mu bice bya kure by’umubiri, harimo umwijima, ibihaha, cyangwa amagufwa. Ibi bituma kuvura bigorana ariko ntibibubuza.

Inkuru nziza ni uko ingaruka nyinshi muri izi zishobora kwirindwa cyangwa gucungwa neza hamwe n’ubuvuzi bukwiye. Ikipe yawe y’ubuvuzi izakukurikirana hafi kandi izatanga intambwe zo kwirinda ingaruka igihe cyose bishoboka.

Kanser ya mu gikombe cya Vater imenyekanwa gute?

Kumenya kanseri ya mu gikombe cya Vater bisanzwe bitangira hakoreshejwe ibizamini by’amaraso kugira ngo harebwe imikorere y’umwijima kandi harebwe ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko umuyoboro w’umunyuka ubangamiwe. Muganga wawe azakora kandi isuzuma rya physique kandi azakubaza ibibazo birambuye ku bimenyetso byawe.

Ibizamini byo kubona amafoto bigira uruhare rukomeye mu kumenya indwara kandi bishobora kuba:

• CT scan kugira ngo ubone amafoto arambuye y’inda yawe
• MRI kugira ngo urebe umuyoboro w’umunyuka n’imiterere iikikije
• ERCP (uburyo bwo kubona amafoto) kugira ngo urebe neza gikombe cya Vater
• Ultrasound kugira ngo urebe ko hari ikibangamiye cyangwa ibintu
• PET scan kugira ngo umenye niba kanseri ikwirakwira

Kumenya neza indwara bisaba biopsy, aho igice gito cy’umubiri gifatwa mu buryo bwo kubona amafoto kandi kirebwa muri mikoroskopi. Ubu buryo busanzwe bukorwa mu gihe uri mu mutekano kugira ngo wihute.

Muganga wawe ashobora kandi gutegeka ibizamini byiyongereye kugira ngo amenye ubwoko nyakuri bwa kanseri ya mu gikombe cya Vater kandi ategure uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura. Uyu mucyo, witwa staging, ufasha kumenya uko kanseri ishobora kwitwara no gusubiza ubuvuzi.

Ubuvuzi bwa kanseri ya mu gikombe cya Vater ni buhe?

Kubaga ni bwo buvuzi bukomeye bwa kanseri ya mu gikombe cya Vater, cyane cyane iyo kanseri ifashwe hakiri kare kandi idakwirakwira mu zindi nzego. Uburyo busanzwe bwitwa Whipple operation, bukuramo gikombe cya Vater hamwe n’ibice by’umusemburo w’umwijima, uruhago rw’amara mato, n’umuyoboro w’umunyuka.

Uburyo bwo kuvura biterwa n’icyiciro n’aho kanseri yawe iri:

• Kubaga (Whipple procedure cyangwa local excision)
• Chemotherapy kugira ngo igabanye ibintu cyangwa ikumire gusubira
• Radiation therapy kugira ngo ibone uduce twa kanseri
• Uburyo bwo kuvura ibimenyetso kugira ngo bigabanye ibimenyetso kandi birusheho kubaho
• Imiti yibasira kanseri runaka
• Immunotherapy mu bihe bimwe na bimwe

Niba kubaga bitashoboka kubera aho kanseri iri cyangwa ubuzima bwawe muri rusange, ikipe yawe y’ubuvuzi izibanda ku buvuzi bushobora kugenzura kanseri no gucunga ibimenyetso neza. Ibi bishobora kuba harimo gushyira stent kugira ngo umuyoboro w’umunyuka ugume ufunguye.

Gahunda yawe yo kuvura izakorwa ukurikije uko uri, ubuzima bwawe muri rusange, imiterere ya kanseri, n’ibyo ukunda. Abantu benshi bakorana n’ikipe irimo ababagisha, abaganga b’indwara za kanseri, n’abandi bahanga.

Uburyo bwo gucunga kanseri ya mu gikombe cya Vater murugo ni ubuhe?

Kwita kuri wewe murugo ni igice cy’ingenzi cy’urugendo rwawe rwo kuvurwa. Ibanda ku kurya ibiryo bike, bikunze kuba byoroshye kugogora, kandi utekereze gukorana n’umuhanga mu mirire usobanukiwe ibibazo bya kanseri ya mu gikombe cya Vater.

Uburyo bwo kwita murugo harimo:

• Guta imiti y’imisemburo yatanzwe hamwe n’ibiryo kugira ngo igogorwa rirusheho kuba ryiza
• Kurya ibiryo bike, bikunze kuba byinshi aho kurya ibiryo byinshi
• Kwirinda ibiryo bifite amavuta menshi cyangwa amavuta ashobora kuba bigoye kugogora
• Kunywa amazi ahagije n’ibinyobwa bisobanutse
• Kuryama bihagije no gucunga umunaniro
• Guta imiti ukurikije amabwiriza
• Kumenya ibimenyetso byawe no gutanga raporo ku mpinduka ku ikipe yawe y’ubuvuzi

Guca ingaruka z’ubuvuzi ni ingenzi cyane. Niba ufite isesemi, gerageza kurya ibiryo bidasanzwe kandi ufate imiti yo kurwanya isesemi nk’uko byategetswe. Kubura imbaraga, huza ibikorwa n’ikiruhuko kandi usabe ubufasha igihe ubishaka.

Komeza guhuza n’ikipe yawe y’ubuvuzi kandi ntutinye guhamagara niba ufite impungenge ku bimenyetso, ingaruka, cyangwa ibibazo by’imiti. Bari aho kugira ngo bagushyigikire muri buri ntambwe yo kuvurwa.

Ugomba gutegura gute gahunda yawe yo kubona muganga?

Mbere y’igahunda yawe, andika ibimenyetso byawe byose, harimo igihe byatangiye n’uko byahindutse uko igihe kigenda. Ba uhamya ku rwego rw’ububabare, guhindura ibiro, n’ibibazo byose by’igogorwa wabonye.

Zana urutonde rwuzuye rw’imiti yose, ibintu byiyongera, na vitamine ufata, harimo n’ingano. Tegura kandi amakuru yerekeye amateka y’ubuzima bw’umuryango wawe, cyane cyane kanseri cyangwa indwara z’impyiko.

Tekereza kuzana inshuti cyangwa umuryango wawe kugira ngo bagufashe kwibuka amakuru no gutanga inkunga yo mu mutima. Bashobora kandi kugufasha gutekereza ku bibazo ushobora kwibagirwa kubabaza.

Andika ibibazo mbere kugira ngo utabyibagirwa mu gihe cy’igahunda. Ibibazo by’ingenzi bishobora kuba harimo kubabaza ibyerekeye uburyo bwo kuvura, ingaruka, uko indwara ishobora kugenda, n’icyo witeze mu gihe cyo gukira.

Icyingenzi cyo kuvana kuri kanseri ya mu gikombe cya Vater ni iki?

Kanser ya mu gikombe cya Vater ni indwara idasanzwe ariko ishobora kuvurwa, cyane cyane iyo ifashwe hakiri kare binyuze mu kwita ku bimenyetso nka umuhondo. Nubwo kubona iyi ndwara bishobora kuba bibi, abantu benshi barwaye kanseri ya mu gikombe cya Vater bakomeza kubaho ubuzima buhamye, bwiza nyuma yo kuvurwa.

Ikintu cy’ingenzi cyane ushobora gukora ni ugukorana hafi n’ikipe yawe y’ubuvuzi no gukurikiza gahunda yawe yo kuvura. Ntugatinye kubabaza ibibazo, kwerekana impungenge, cyangwa gushaka ibindi byifuzo niba utumva neza igice icyo ari cyo cyose cy’ubuvuzi bwawe.

Wibuke ko kuvura kanseri ya mu gikombe cya Vater byarushijeho kuba byiza mu myaka ya vuba, kandi ubushakashatsi burakomeza gutera imbere uburyo bushya kandi bwiza. Ibanda ku gufata ibintu intambwe ku yindi no kwishimira intsinzi nto mu nzira.

Ibibazo bikunze kubazwa kuri kanseri ya mu gikombe cya Vater

Kanser ya mu gikombe cya Vater irakomoka mu muryango?

Ibintu byinshi bya kanseri ya mu gikombe cya Vater ntibikomoka mu muryango kandi biterwa mu buryo butunguranye. Ariko kandi, abantu bafite indwara zimwe na zimwe z’impyiko nka familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) cyangwa syndrome ya Lynch bafite ibyago byinshi. Niba ufite amateka y’umuryango w’izi ndwara cyangwa kanseri nyinshi z’igogorwa mu muryango wawe, inama y’impyiko ishobora kugufasha kumenya ibyago byawe.

Igipimo cyo gukira kanseri ya mu gikombe cya Vater ni iki?

Igipimo cyo gukira kanseri ya mu gikombe cya Vater muri rusange kirushaho kuba cyiza kurusha kanseri nyinshi z’igogorwa, cyane cyane iyo ifashwe hakiri kare. Igipimo cyo gukira mu myaka itanu gishobora kugera kuri 20% kugeza kuri 80% bitewe n’icyiciro cyo kumenya indwara n’uko kanseri ishobora gukurwaho burundu hakoreshejwe kubaga. Muganga wawe ashobora gutanga amakuru arambuye ashingiye ku mimerere yawe.

Kanser ya mu gikombe cya Vater ishobora kwirindwa?

Nta buryo bwo kwirinda kanseri ya mu gikombe cya Vater kuko ibintu byinshi biterwa nta mpamvu zihari. Ariko kandi, ushobora kugabanya ibyago byawe utabywa itabi, ukagabanya kunywa inzoga, kandi ukagira imibereho myiza. Abantu bafite indwara z’impyiko zongera ibyago bagomba gukorana n’abaganga babo ku buryo bukwiye bwo gusuzuma no gukurikirana.

Gukira nyuma yo kubagwa kanseri ya mu gikombe cya Vater bimamara igihe kingana iki?

Igihe cyo gukira gitandukanye bitewe n’ubwoko bw’ubuvuzi n’ubuzima bwawe mbere y’ubuvuzi. Abantu benshi baba mu bitaro iminsi 7 kugeza kuri 14 nyuma ya Whipple procedure, kandi gukira burundu bishobora kumara amezi menshi. Ikipe yawe y’abaganga izatanga amabwiriza arambuye ku birebana no kugabanya ibikorwa, guhindura imirire, no gukurikirana ubuvuzi mu gihe cyo gukira.

Nzakenera ubuvuzi buhoraho nyuma yo kubagwa kanseri ya mu gikombe cya Vater?

Abantu benshi bakira ubuvuzi bundi nyuma yo kubagwa, nka chemotherapy cyangwa radiation therapy, kugira ngo bagabanye ibyago byo gusubira kwa kanseri. Nubwo ubuvuzi burangiye, uzakenera gahunda zikurikirana n’ibizamini byo kubona amafoto kugira ngo harebwe ibimenyetso byo gusubira. Ikipe yawe y’abaganga izakora gahunda y’ubukurikirane ishingiye ku mimerere yawe n’uko ubuvuzi bwakiriwe.