Amyloidose ni iki? Ibimenyetso, Impamvu, n'Ubuvuzi

Amyloidose ni iki?

Amyloidose ni uburwayi aho poroteyine zitari nziza, twita amyloid, zikubura mu ngingo z'umubiri wawe no mu mubiri wawe muri rusange. Izi poroteyine ziba zidakora neza, zikajya hamwe, zigakora ibice umubiri wawe udashobora gusenya cyangwa gukuraho.

Tekereza nk'aho ari ibintu bikomeye bikomeza gukubura mu bice bitandukanye by'umubiri wawe. Igihe kirekire, ibyo bintu bya poroteyine bishobora kubangamira imikorere y'ingingo zawe. Ubu burwayi bushobora kugira ingaruka ku ngingo zitandukanye, zirimo umutima, impyiko, umwijima, n'ubwonko.

Nubwo amyloidose yumvikana nk'ibintu bidasanzwe, kumva icyaba mu mubiri wawe ni intambwe ya mbere yo kuyigenzura neza. Hari ubwoko butandukanye bw'ubu burwayi, kandi abantu benshi babana neza n'ubu burwayi babonye ubuvuzi bukwiye n'ubwitabire.

Ni ibihe bwoko bya Amyloidose?

Hari ubwoko nyamukuru butandukanye bwa amyloidose, buri bwoko buterwa na poroteyine zitandukanye. Ubwoko busanzwe ni AL amyloidose, ibaho iyo sisitemu y'ubudahangarwa bwawe ikora poroteyine z'antikorps zitari nziza.

AA amyloidose iterwa n'uburwayi buhoraho bw'umubiri, busanzwe bujyana n'uburwayi buhoraho bw'ubudahangarwa nk'indwara ya rhumatoïde. Ubu bwoko busanzwe bugira ingaruka ku mpyiko, umwijima, na spleen.

Amyloidose ihoraho mu muryango iterwa n'impinduka mu mbaraga z'umubiri ziterwa n'imiterere y'impeshyi zikora poroteyine zidakora neza. Amyloidose ya Wild-type, izwi kandi nka amyloidose y'abakuze, ikunda kugira ingaruka ku mutima kandi ikunda kugaragara mu bantu bakuze, cyane cyane abagabo barengeje imyaka 70.

Buri bwoko bukorana mu buryo butandukanye kandi bushobora gusaba uburyo bw'ubuvuzi butandukanye. Muganga wawe azamenya ubwoko ufite binyuze mu bipimo byihariye.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya Amyloidose?

Ibimenyetso bya amyloidose bishobora kuba bito mu ntangiriro kandi bikaba bisa n'ibindi burwayi, ariyo mpamvu rimwe na rimwe bitwa “umwigisha ukomeye.” Ibimenyetso ubonye biterwa n'ingingo zangizwa n'ibintu bya poroteyine.

Dore ibimenyetso bisanzwe ushobora kubona:

• Uburwayi budasobanutse n'intege nke bidakira n'ikiruhuko
• Kubyimbagira mu birenge, mu maguru, cyangwa mu nda
• Guhumeka nabi, cyane cyane iyo uri kuryama cyangwa uri gukora imyitozo
• Gutakaza ibiro bidateganijwe birenga ibiro 5
• Kubabara cyangwa gukonja mu ntoki no mu birenge
• Impiswi cyangwa kubabara mu nda bikomeza
• Kumva wuzuye vuba iyo uri kurya
• Gukubita kw'umutima cyangwa guhumeka nabi

Bamwe mu bantu bagira ibimenyetso bitari byo bisanzwe nko kwangirika vuba, cyane cyane hafi y'amaso, cyangwa impinduka mu buryo bw'uruhu. Ururimi rwawe rushobora kugaragara rwarabyimbye, cyangwa ushobora kubona impinduka mu ijwi ryawe.

Ibi bimenyetso bishobora kuza buhoro buhoro mu mezi cyangwa imyaka. Abantu benshi babanza kubyita ibimenyetso byo gusaza cyangwa umunaniro, nuko ntutinye kuvugana n'abaganga bawe igihe ufite ibimenyetso bikomeza.

Ni iki gatera Amyloidose?

Amyloidose iterwa n'uko poroteyine mu mubiri wawe zidakora neza zigakora ibintu byangiza. Impamvu nyamukuru itandukanye bitewe n'ubwoko bwa amyloidose ufite.

Muri AL amyloidose, ubwonko bw'amagufa bwawe bukoramo utunyangingo tw'amaraso tudakora neza dukoramo poroteyine zidakora neza. Izi cellules zisa n'izo tubona muri multiple myeloma, ariko ntabwo ari kanseri nk'izo.

AA amyloidose iterwa n'uburwayi buhoraho bw'ubudahangarwa butuma umwijima wawe ukora poroteyine nyinshi yitwa serum amyloid A. Uburwayi nka rhumatoïde arthritis, indwara z'amara, cyangwa indwara z'ubudahangarwa zishobora gutera ubu buryo.

Ubwoko buhoraho mu muryango buterwa n'impinduka mu mbaraga z'umubiri zikomoka ku babyeyi. Izi mpinduka zituma umubiri wawe ukora poroteyine zidakomera zishobora gukora ibintu byinshi vuba.

Amyloidose ya Wild-type ibaho iyo gusaza bisanzwe bigira ingaruka kuri poroteyine yitwa transthyretin, bigatuma idakomera ikora ibintu byinshi, cyane cyane mu mubiri w'umutima.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga kubera Amyloidose?

Ukwiye kuvugana n'abaganga bawe igihe ufite ibimenyetso bikomeza bidakira. Kumenya hakiri kare bishobora kugira uruhare runini mu buryo bw'ubuvuzi.

Shaka ubufasha bw'abaganga vuba igihe ubona kubyimbagira mu maguru cyangwa mu nda, cyane cyane iyo biherekejwe no guhumeka nabi. Ibi bimenyetso bishobora kugaragaza ko ibintu bya amyloid byangiza umutima cyangwa impyiko.

Ntugatege amatwi igihe ufite umunaniro ukomeye ubangamira ibikorwa bya buri munsi, gutakaza ibiro bidateganijwe, cyangwa ibibazo byo mu nda bikomeza. Kubabara no gukonja mu ntoki no mu birenge bikomeza birasaba ko ugenzurwa.

Niba ufite amateka y'uburwayi bwa amyloidose mu muryango wawe cyangwa indwara z'ubudahangarwa, ubwire muganga wawe. Bashobora kugufasha kumenya niba ibimenyetso byawe bishobora kuba bifitanye isano na amyloidose kandi bagutegurire ibizamini bikwiye.

Ni ibihe bintu byongera ibyago bya Amyloidose?

Ibintu bimwe bishobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara amyloidose, nubwo ufite ibyago ntibisobanura ko uzayirwara. Kumva ibi bintu bishobora kugufasha wowe na muganga wawe kuba maso ku bimenyetso bya mbere.

Imyaka igira uruhare mu bwoko bwinshi bwa amyloidose. AL amyloidose ikunda kugira ingaruka ku bantu barengeje imyaka 50, mu gihe amyloidose ya Wild-type ikunda kugaragara mu bagabo barengeje imyaka 70. Ariko kandi, ubwoko buhoraho mu muryango bushobora kugaragara mu myaka yose.

Kugira uburwayi runaka byongera ibyago byawe cyane. Indwara z'ubudahangarwa nka rhumatoïde arthritis, indwara z'amara, cyangwa indwara z'ubudahangarwa zishobora gutera AA amyloidose. Indwara z'amaraso nka multiple myeloma zifitanye isano na AL amyloidose.

Amateka y'uburwayi mu muryango agira uruhare muri amyloidose ihoraho mu muryango. Niba abavandimwe bawe hafi bafite amyloidose cyangwa ibibazo by'umutima cyangwa impyiko bidakira, ushobora kuba ufite impinduka mu mbaraga z'umubiri zongera ibyago byawe.

Igitsina kigira ingaruka ku bwoko bumwe bwa amyloidose. Abagabo nibo bakunda kurwara amyloidose ya Wild-type, mu gihe AL amyloidose igira ingaruka ku bagabo n'abagore kimwe. Imiryango imwe nayo ifite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara ubwoko bumwe bwo mu muryango.

Ni ibihe bibazo bishoboka bya Amyloidose?

Amyloidose ishobora gutera ibibazo bikomeye igihe ibintu bya poroteyine bibangamira imikorere y'ingingo. Ibibazo byihariye biterwa n'ingingo zangizwa n'ingano ya amyloid imaze gukubura.

Ibibazo by'umutima biri mu bibazo bikomeye kandi bishobora kuba:

• Gucika intege kw'umutima, aho umutima wawe udashobora gutera amaraso neza
• Umutima utakora neza ushobora gusaba gushiramo pacemaker
• Ibiro by'umutima byabyimbye bigabanya ubushobozi bw'umutima bwo kwuzuza amaraso
• Guhagarara kw'umutima mu buryo bukomeye

Ibibazo by'impyiko bishobora gutera gucika intege kw'impyiko, bikaba bisaba dialysis cyangwa kubaga.

Ibibazo by'ubwonko bishobora gutera kubabara, intege nke, no kubabara mu ntoki no mu birenge. Bamwe mu bantu bagira ibibazo byo gukora ibintu by'umubiri nk'ugufata umuvuduko w'amaraso no gusya.

Ibibazo byo mu nda bishobora kuba harimo kudafata neza ibiryo, bigatuma ubura intungamubiri kandi ukomeza gutakaza ibiro. Kugira ibibazo mu mwijima bishobora kugira ingaruka ku bushobozi bw'umubiri bwo gukora poroteyine z'ingenzi no gutunganya uburozi.

Nubwo ibi bibazo byumvikana nk'ibintu bidasanzwe, kumenya hakiri kare no kuvurwa bishobora kubuza cyangwa kugabanya iterambere ryabyo. Abantu benshi barwaye amyloidose bagira ubuzima bwiza babonye ubufasha bukwiye.

Amyloidose imenya gute?

Kumenya amyloidose bisaba intambwe nyinshi kuko ibimenyetso bishobora kuba bisa n'ibindi burwayi. Muganga wawe azatangira akuze amateka yawe n'isuzuma ry'umubiri, akita cyane ku mutima, impyiko, n'ubwonko.

Ibizamini by'amaraso n'impiswi bifasha kumenya poroteyine zitari nziza no gusuzuma imikorere y'ingingo. Muganga wawe azashaka ibimenyetso byihariye nka light chains nyinshi muri AL amyloidose cyangwa ibimenyetso by'ubudahangarwa muri AA amyloidose.

Kumenya neza bisaba kubaga, aho igice gito cy'umubiri cyigenzurwa munsi y'ikoranabuhanga rya microscope. Ahantu hasanzwe hafatwa ibice ni amavuta mu nda, ubwonko bw'amagufa, cyangwa ingingo zangizwa nka mutima cyangwa impyiko.

Isuzuma ry'amashusho nka echocardiograms, cardiac MRI, cyangwa nuclear heart scans bifasha gusuzuma iyangirika ry'ingingo no kuyobora imyanzuro y'ubuvuzi. Ibi bipimo bigaragaza uko ingingo zawe zikora n'ingano ya amyloid imaze gukubura.

Ibizamini by'impeshyi bishobora gusabwa niba amyloidose ihoraho mu muryango ikekwira. Ibi bizamini bishobora kumenya impinduka zihariye kandi bigafasha kumenya uburyo bw'ubuvuzi bukwiye ku bwoko bwawe.

Ni ubuhe buvuzi bwa Amyloidose?

Ubuvuzi bwa amyloidose bugamije guhagarika gukora kwa poroteyine zitari nziza no gucunga ibimenyetso kugira ngo urinde ingingo zawe. Uburyo bwihariye biterwa n'ubwoko bwa amyloidose ufite n'ingingo zangizwa.

Kuri AL amyloidose, ubuvuzi busanzwe burimo imiti ya chimiothérapie isa n'ikoreshwa muri multiple myeloma. Iyi miti igamije utunyangingo tw'amaraso tudakora neza dukora poroteyine zangiza. Mu bihe bimwe, gushimangira utunyangingo tw'amaraso bishobora gusabwa.

Ubuvuzi bwa AA amyloidose bugamije kugenzura uburwayi bw'ubudahangarwa. Ibi bishobora kuba birimo imiti igabanya ubu burwayi, kuvura indwara, cyangwa gucunga indwara z'ubudahangarwa ziterwa na poroteyine.

Amyloidose ihoraho mu muryango ishobora kugira akamaro mu miti ihosha poroteyine idakora neza cyangwa igabanya gukora kwayo. Kubaga umwijima rimwe na rimwe birasuzurwa kuko umwijima ariwo ukora poroteyine nyinshi zidakora neza.

Ubuvuzi bwo gufasha bufasha gucunga ibimenyetso no kurinda imikorere y'ingingo. Ibi bishobora kuba birimo imiti yo gucunga gucika intege kw'umutima, gucunga umuvuduko w'amaraso, kuvura ububabare bw'imitsi, no gufasha mu mirire.

Itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga rizakubiyemo abaganga baturuka mu bice bitandukanye bakorera hamwe kugira ngo batange ubufasha burambuye. Gukurikirana buri gihe bifasha gukurikirana uko uhinduka mu buvuzi no guhindura imiti uko bikenewe.

Uko wakwita ku buzima bwawe igihe ufite Amyloidose

Kwita ku buzima bwawe igihe ufite amyloidose birimo gufata imiti yawe nk'uko yategetswe no gukurikirana ibimenyetso byawe neza. Kora urutonde rw'ibi kilo byawe buri munsi, kuko kongera ibiro byihuse bishobora kugaragaza ko amazi arimo gukubura.

Koresha indyo nzima y'umutima, ifite umunyu muke kugira ngo ugabanye umuvuduko ku mutima wawe. Gabanya ibiryo biteguwe, ibiryo byo mu bidende, n'ibiryo byo muri resitora, kuko bikunda kugira umunyu mwinshi. Niba ufite ibibazo by'impyiko, ushobora kugabanya poroteyine na phosphore. Itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga cyangwa umuhanga mu mirire ashobora gutanga amabwiriza yihariye y'imirire ashingiye ku ngingo zawe n'ubuzima bwawe muri rusange.

Komeza kugira ibikorwa uko bishoboka kose mu byo ushoboye. Imikino myoroheje nko kugenda bishobora kugufasha kugumana imbaraga no kunoza imiterere y'amaraso. Ariko, banza imikino ikomeye niba ufite ibibazo by'umutima.

Witondere amaguru n'intoki niba ufite ibibazo by'imitsi. Suzuma buri munsi niba hari ibikomere, wambare inkweto zikwiye, kandi uzirinde ubushyuhe bukabije kuko ushobora kutamva ububabare nk'uko bisanzwe.

Komeza kuvugana n'abaganga bawe kandi ntutinye guhamagara niba ubona ibimenyetso bishya cyangwa ibimenyetso byawe bikomeza. Kugira ubufasha vuba bishobora kubuza ibibazo.

Uko wakwitegura gusura muganga wawe

Kwitunganya gusura muganga wawe bigufasha kubona ibyiza byinshi mu gihe cyawe. Andika ibimenyetso byawe byose, harimo igihe byatangiye n'uko byahindutse mu gihe.

Zana urutonde rwuzuye rw'imiti yawe, harimo imiti yo mu maduka n'ibindi. Nanone, zana dosiye yawe y'ubuvuzi, cyane cyane ibisubizo by'ibizamini cyangwa raporo zivuye ku bandi baganga.

Tegura urutonde rw'ibibazo ku burwayi bwawe, uburyo bw'ubuvuzi, n'icyo witeze. Ntukabe uhangayitse kubabaza ibibazo byinshi – itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga rishaka kugufasha kumva uburwayi bwawe.

Tegereza kuzana umuntu wo mu muryango wawe cyangwa inshuti kugira ngo aguhe inkunga mu gihe cy'isura. Bashobora kandi kugufasha kwibuka amakuru akomeye yavuzwe mu gihe cy'isura. Bashobora kandi kugufasha mu gihe ukeneye ubufasha.

Andika amateka y'ubuzima bw'umuryango wawe, cyane cyane abavandimwe bafite ibibazo by'umutima, indwara z'impyiko, cyangwa ibibazo by'ubwonko. Aya makuru ashobora kuba akomeye mu kumenya ubwoko bwa amyloidose ufite.

Icyo ukwiye kumenya cyane kuri Amyloidose

Amyloidose ni uburwayi bukomeye ariko bushobora kuvurwa aho poroteyine zitari nziza zikubura mu ngingo zawe. Nubwo ishobora kugira ingaruka ku ngingo nyinshi z'umubiri, kumenya hakiri kare no kuvurwa neza bishobora kunoza cyane ubuzima bwawe no kugabanya iterambere ry'uburwayi.

Ikintu gikomeye cyo kwibuka ni uko amyloidose atari urupfu. Abantu benshi babana ubuzima buhamye, buhamye bafite ubu burwayi igihe babonye ubuvuzi bukwiye kandi bakurikiza gahunda yabo y'ubuvuzi buri gihe.

Gukorana n'itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga, kuguma uzi uburwayi bwawe, no kugira ikiganiro cyiza ku bimenyetso byawe n'impungenge ni ingenzi mu gucunga neza. Inkunga y'umuryango n'inshuti nayo igira uruhare rukomeye mu mibereho yawe muri rusange.

Wibuke ko ubushakashatsi ku buvuzi bwa amyloidose bukomeje, hakaba hari ubuvuzi bushya burimo gukorwa buri gihe. Komeza ufite icyizere kandi utekereze ku byo ushobora kugenzura – gufata imiti yawe, gukurikiza gahunda yawe y'ubuvuzi, no kubaho ubuzima buzira umuze.

Ibibazo byakunda kubaho kuri Amyloidose

Ese amyloidose ihoraho mu muryango?

Ubwoko bumwe bwa amyloidose buhoraho mu muryango, mu gihe ubundi budahoraho. Amyloidose ihoraho mu muryango iterwa n'impinduka mu mbaraga z'umubiri zikomoka ku babyeyi. Ariko, ubwoko busanzwe, AL amyloidose, ntiburakomoka ku babyeyi. Niba ufite amateka y'uburwayi bw'umutima, impyiko, cyangwa ubwonko mu muryango wawe, ubushakashatsi bw'impeshyi n'ibizamini bishobora gusabwa.

Ese amyloidose irakirwa?

Kuri ubu, nta muti wa amyloidose, ariko ubu burwayi bushobora gucungwa neza kandi bukavurwa. Ubuvuzi bugamije guhagarika gukora kwa poroteyine zitari nziza no gucunga ibimenyetso kugira ngo birinde iyangirika ry'ingingo. Abantu benshi barwaye amyloidose babana ubuzima busanzwe bafite ubuvuzi bukwiye. Ubushakashatsi bukomeje, kandi ubuvuzi bushya buhora bukorwa.

Umuntu ashobora kubaho igihe kingana iki afite amyloidose?

Igihe umuntu ashobora kubaho afite amyloidose gitandukanye cyane bitewe n'ubwoko, ingingo zangizwa, n'igihe ubuvuzi butangiye. Bamwe mu bantu babana n'ubu burwayi imyaka myinshi, mu gihe abandi bashobora kugira ibibazo bikomeye. Kumenya hakiri kare no kuvurwa neza byongera ibyiza. Muganga wawe ashobora gutanga amakuru arambuye ashingiye ku mimerere yawe.

Ni ibihe biribwa nakwirinda mfite amyloidose?

Muri rusange, ukwiye gukoresha indyo ifite umunyu muke kugira ngo ugabanye umuvuduko ku mutima wawe n'impyiko. Gabanya ibiryo biteguwe, ibiryo byo mu bidende, n'ibiryo byo muri resitora, kuko bikunda kugira umunyu mwinshi. Niba ufite ibibazo by'impyiko, ushobora kugabanya poroteyine na phosphore. Itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga cyangwa umuhanga mu mirire ashobora gutanga amabwiriza yihariye y'imirire ashingiye ku ngingo zawe n'ubuzima bwawe muri rusange.

Ese umunaniro ushobora kongera amyloidose?

Nubwo umunaniro udatera amyloidose kongera, ushobora kugira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe muri rusange kandi ukagira ingaruka ku budahangarwa bwawe. Gucunga umunaniro binyuze mu buryo bwo kuruhuka, imikino myoroheje, ubujyanama, cyangwa amatsinda y'inkunga bishobora kunoza ubuzima bwawe no kugufasha guhangana n'uburwayi bwawe. Umunaniro uhoraho ushobora kandi kongera ibimenyetso nko gucika intege no kubura ibitotsi.