Ese ni iki? Ibimenyetso, Impamvu, n’Uko Bivurwa

Anaphylaxis ni uburwayi bukomeye kandi bushobora kwica, buva mu mubiri wawe udashoboye kwihanganira ikintu runaka. Mu minota mike nyuma yo guhura n’icyo kintu, umubiri wawe ushobora gutakaza imbaraga, bigatuma ugira ikibazo cyo guhumeka, kandi igitutu cy’amaraso kigwa cyane.

Ubu burwayi bugira ingaruka ku mubiri wawe wose, bitari ahantu hamwe gusa. Utekereza ko ari nk’aho umubiri wawe urimo guhamagara gutabara cyane ku buryo bigutera ibibazo aho kugukingira. Inkuru nziza ni uko anaphylaxis ishobora kuvurwa neza iyo imenyekanye hakiri kare.

Ibimenyetso bya Anaphylaxis ni ibihe?

Ibimenyetso bya Anaphylaxis bigaragara mu buryo butunguranye kandi bishobora kwiyongera mu minota mike. Umubiri wawe uzakumenyesha ibimenyetso bigaragara ko hari ikintu gikomeye kirimo kuba, kandi kubimenya hakiri kare bishobora kukurinda gupfa.

Ibimenyetso bisanzwe ushobora kugira birimo:

• Kugira ikibazo cyo guhumeka cyangwa guhumeka nabi
• Kubyimbagira mu maso, ku minwa, ku rurimi, cyangwa mu muhogo
• Gutera kw’umutima wihuta kandi udakomeye
• Ibimenyetso ku ruhu nk’ububabare, gukorora, cyangwa guhinduka kw’uruhu
• Isesemi, kuruka, cyangwa guhitamo
• Kuzenguruka cyangwa kugwa
• Kumva ko hari ikintu kibi kigiye kuba

Bamwe mu bantu bagira ibimenyetso bidafite akamaro ariko bikaba bikomeye. Ibi bishobora kuba ububabare bukomeye mu nda, gucika intekerezo, cyangwa kumva impumuro y’ibyuma mu kanwa. Uruhu rwawe rushobora no guhinduka ubururu, cyane cyane ku minwa no ku ijisho, ibyo bikaba bigaragaza ko utabona umwuka uhagije.

Icyatuma anaphylaxis iba ikintu gikomeye ni uburyo ibimenyetso byayo bishobora kwiyongera vuba. Ushobora gutangira ufite ubukorora buke, kandi mu minota 15 ukaba ugeze aho udashobora guhumeka. Iyo kwihuta kw’ibimenyetso niyo mpamvu gutabarwa vuba ari ingenzi cyane.

Ese Anaphylaxis iterwa n’iki?

Anaphylaxis ibaho iyo umubiri wawe utabonye ikintu gisanzwe kitagira akamaro nk’ikintu gikomeye. Umubiri wawe noneho urekura imiti myinshi kugira ngo urwanye icyo kintu, ariko iyo miti irangiza ikaba ariyo itera ibibazo.

Ibintu bikunze gutera iyi mbaraga birimo:

• Ibiribwa nk’amashamba, imyembe, amafi, amata, n’amagi
• Udukoko dukomoka ku nyuki, inzuki, imbogo, cyangwa imibu
• Imiti nk’antibiyotike, aspirine, cyangwa imiti imwe n’imwe igabanya ububabare
• Latex iboneka mu ntoki, mu mibobo, cyangwa mu bikoresho by’abaganga

Ibintu bidafite akamaro bishobora gutungura abantu. Bamwe mu bantu bagira ibibazo iyo bakora imyitozo ngororamubiri, cyane cyane iyo bayifatanyije no kurya ibiryo bimwe na bimwe. Abandi bashobora kugira ibibazo iyo bakoresha imiti ikoreshwa mu kwipimisha, cyangwa se ubushyuhe buke mu bihe bidasanzwe.

Hari igihe abaganga batabasha kumenya icyateye anaphylaxis, ibyo bikaba byitwa anaphylaxis idasobanuka. Ibi bishobora gutera ikibazo, ariko ntibihindura uburyo uburwayi buvuzwa cyangwa bugenzurwa.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga kubera Anaphylaxis?

Hamagara 911 ako kanya niba ukeka ko waba ufite anaphylaxis cyangwa undi muntu ayifite. Iki si ikibazo ushobora kuvura iwawe cyangwa gutegereza ngo urebe niba kizagenda kigakira.

Ukwiye gushaka ubufasha bw’abaganga ako kanya niba ubona ibimenyetso byose bigira ingaruka ku bice bitandukanye by’umubiri wawe. Urugero, niba ufite ibibazo by’uruhu n’ibyo guhumeka, cyangwa isesemi hamwe no kuzenguruka, ibyo bishobora kuba ibimenyetso bya anaphylaxis.

Ndetse n’aho ibimenyetso byaba bigaragara ko bigenda bigakira, ugomba gukorerwa isuzuma n’abaganga. Hari igihe anaphylaxis ishobora kugira ibimenyetso byongera kugaragara nyuma y’amasaha make, ibyo bikaba byitwa biphasic reaction, ibyo bikaba bishobora kuba nyuma y’amasaha make ibimenyetso byabanje bigaragara ko byakize.

Nyuma y’ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose cya anaphylaxis, uzakenera kujya kwa muganga. Bazagufasha kumenya icyateye ibibazo, bagutegurira uburyo bwo kwirinda, kandi baguhe imiti yo gutabara mu gihe kizaza.

Ese ni ibihe bintu bishobora gutera Anaphylaxis?

Umuntu wese ashobora kurwara anaphylaxis, ariko hari ibintu bimwe na bimwe bishobora gutera bamwe kuyirwara kurusha abandi. Gusobanukirwa ibyago byawe bishobora kugufasha kwitegura no kuba maso.

Ufite amahirwe menshi yo kurwara anaphylaxis niba:

• Ufite amateka yo kugira ibibazo bikomeye by’allergie
• Ufite asma, cyane cyane iyo idagenzurwa neza
• Ufite izindi ndwara z’allergie nk’eczema cyangwa hay fever
• Ufite amateka y’umuryango w’allergie ikomeye
• Ukoresha imiti imwe n’imwe nk’ACE inhibitors cyangwa beta-blockers

Imyaka ishobora kandi kugira uruhare mu byago byawe. Allergie z’ibiryo ziterwa na anaphylaxis zikunze kugaragara mu bana no mu rubyiruko, mu gihe allergie z’imiti n’iz’udukoko zikunze kugaragara mu bantu bakuze.

Kugira ikintu kimwe gishobora gutera ibibazo ntibisobanura ko uzahita urwara anaphylaxis. Abantu benshi bafite allergie ntibagira ibibazo bikomeye. Ariko, kumenya ibyago byawe bigufasha wowe n’abaganga bawe gutegura uburyo bwiza bwo kwirinda no guhangana n’ibibazo.

Ese ni ibihe bintu bishobora gutera ingaruka mbi kubera Anaphylaxis?

Ingaruka mbi ikomeye ya anaphylaxis ni anaphylactic shock, aho igitutu cy’amaraso kigwa cyane ku buryo imyanya y’umubiri idabona amaraso n’umwuka uhagije. Ibi bishobora kuba mu minota mike kandi bishobora kwica umuntu udafashijwe ako kanya.

Mu gihe cya anaphylactic shock, umutima wawe ugomba gukora cyane kugira ngo utere amaraso mu mubiri wawe. Umuhogo wawe ushobora kubyimbagira ku buryo guhumeka biba bigoye. Ibyo bihinduka bishobora gutera ko utakaza ubwenge, kandi mu bihe bibi, umutima uhagarara.

Bamwe mu bantu bagira ingaruka mbi na nyuma yo kuvurwa neza. Ushobora kugira biphasic reaction, aho ibimenyetso bisubira kugaragara nyuma y’amasaha 4 kugeza kuri 12 nyuma y’ikibazo cya mbere, nubwo wumvaga umeze neza. Niyo mpamvu abaganga bakunze kureba abarwayi amasaha menshi nyuma yo kuvura anaphylaxis.

Ingaruka mbi z’igihe kirekire ni nke iyo anaphylaxis ivuwe vuba. Ariko, ibimenyetso byisubiramo bishobora rimwe na rimwe gutera guhangayika buri gihe kubera guhura n’ibintu bishobora gutera ibibazo, ibyo bikaba bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mibereho yawe n’ibikorwa byawe bya buri munsi.

Anaphylaxis imenyekanwa ite?

Abaganga bakunze kumenya anaphylaxis bishingiye ku bimenyetso byawe n’ibyabaye mbere y’uko bigaragara. Nta buryo bumwe bwo gupima anaphylaxis mu gihe cy’ubukomere, bityo abaganga bagomba kwita ku bimenyetso.

Muganga azakubaza ibyo wakoraga, ibyo waraga, cyangwa ibyo wahuraga na byo mu masaha mbere y’uko ibimenyetso bigaragara. Azakumenya kandi amateka yawe y’ubuzima, cyane cyane allergie wari usanzwe ufite cyangwa izindi ndwara nk’asma.

Nyuma y’aho ububabare buhagaritse, muganga ashobora gukora ibizamini by’amaraso kugira ngo apime urwego rwa tryptase. Tryptase ni imiti irekurwa mu gihe cy’allergie, kandi urwego rwayo rwiyongereye rushobora gufasha kwemeza ko anaphylaxis yabaye. Ariko, iryo suzuma ntiryiringirwa buri gihe kandi rigomba gukorwa mu masaha make nyuma y’ikibazo.

Nyuma yaho, uzakenera gukorana n’umuganga w’inzobere mu allergie kugira ngo amenye ibintu byihariye bishobora gutera ibibazo binyuze mu bipimo by’uruhu cyangwa ibizamini by’amaraso. Ibyo bizamini byo gukurikirana bifasha kumenya neza ibintu ukwiye kwirinda mu gihe kizaza.

Ese Anaphylaxis ivurwa ite?

Epinephrine ni yo miti ya mbere kandi ikomeye mu kuvura anaphylaxis. Iyo miti ikora vuba kugira ngo ihagarike ibimenyetso bibi binyuze mu gukomera imitsi y’amaraso, gufungura umuhogo, no kugabanya kubyimbagira.

Abaganga bazaguha epinephrine binyuze mu gushonga, akenshi mu gikombe cy’umugongo. Niba ufite epinephrine auto-injector (nk’EpiPen), ikoresha ako kanya ibimenyetso bigitangira, hanyuma uhamagare 911 nubwo waba wumva umeze neza.

Ubundi buryo bwo kuvura mu bitaro bushobora kuba:

• Oxygen kugira ngo ifashe mu guhumeka
• Amazi ya IV kugira ngo afashe igitutu cy’amaraso
• Antihistamines kugira ngo igabanye ubukorora n’ububabare
• Corticosteroids kugira ngo ihagarike ibimenyetso byasubira kugaragara
• Imiti ifasha umutima niba ikenewe

Hari igihe abantu bakenera umunyu wa kabiri wa epinephrine niba ibimenyetso bidahagarara cyangwa bisubira. Niyo mpamvu ari ingenzi kujya kwa muganga na nyuma yo gukoresha auto-injector yawe, kuko ushobora kuba ukeneye undi munyu cyangwa ubundi buryo bwo kuvura.

Uko wakwitwara iwawe mu gihe ufite Anaphylaxis

Ikintu cy’ingenzi cyo kwibuka ni uko anaphylaxis idashobora kuvurwa neza iwawe. Ariko, niba warahawe epinephrine auto-injector, kumenya uko uyikoresha neza bishobora kukurinda gupfa mbere y’uko ubufasha bw’abaganga bugera.

Gabanya epinephrine auto-injector yawe buri gihe kandi ube maso ko itarangiye igihe. Menya uko uyikoresha neza kandi wigishe abagize umuryango wawe cyangwa inshuti zawe magara uko bakwunganira niba bibaye ngombwa. Koresha igikoresho cyo kwimenyereza kugira ngo uburyo bwo kuyikoresha bube bworoshye.

Tegura uburyo bwo kuvura anaphylaxis hamwe na muganga wawe, aho bigaragara neza ibintu bishobora gutera ibibazo, ibimenyetso byo kwitondera, n’amabwiriza yo kuvura mu gihe cy’ubukomere. Tangira kopi ku bagize umuryango, inshuti, abarimu, cyangwa abantu bakorana nawe.

Nyuma yo gukoresha epinephrine, uryame hasi amaguru ari hejuru niba bishoboka, keretse niba ufite ikibazo cyo guhumeka. Kora uko ushoboye kugira ngo utuze kandi utegereze ubufasha bw’abaganga.

Uko Anaphylaxis yakwirindwa

Uburyo bwiza bwo kwirinda anaphylaxis ni ukwirinda ibintu bizatera ibibazo. Ibi bisobanura gusoma neza ibyanditse ku biryo, kubaza ibirungo mu gihe urimo kurya hanze, no kuba maso ku miti mishya cyangwa ibicuruzwa.

Niba ufite allergie z’ibiryo, menya uko ushobora kubona ibindi biryo byiza kandi ujye witwaza imiti yo gutabara. Ku bantu bafite allergie z’udukoko, bambara inkweto hanze, wirinda kwambara imyenda ibara ryiza cyangwa imyenda ifite impumuro nziza, kandi ube utuje hafi y’udukoko dukomoka ku nyuki.

Koranira na muganga wawe kugira ngo mugire gahunda yo kwirinda. Ibyo bishobora kuba harimo gupima allergie kugira ngo umenye ibintu byihariye bishobora gutera ibibazo, kuvura allergie zimwe na zimwe nk’iz’udukoko, cyangwa guhindura imiti ishobora kongera ibyago byawe.

Kora uko ushoboye kugira ngo abantu bose mu bantu bakuzengurutse bamenye allergie ufite n’uko bakwunganira mu gihe cy’ubukomere. Koresha bracelet yerekana allergie ufite kandi ube witwaza amakuru y’abantu bakwitaho mu gihe cy’ubukomere.

Uko wakwitegura kujya kwa muganga

Mbere yo kujya kwa muganga, andika ibyo wibuka byose ku kibazo cyawe, harimo ibyo waraga, imiti wakoresheje, n’ibikorwa wakoraga mu masaha mbere y’uko ibimenyetso bigaragara. Andika igihe ibimenyetso byatangiye n’uburyo byagiye biyongera.

Zana urutonde rw’imiti yose ukoresha, harimo imiti yo kuvura uburwayi buke n’ibindi. Tegura kandi amakuru yerekeye amateka y’umuryango wawe y’allergie cyangwa izindi ndwara, kuko ibyo bishobora kuba bifite akamaro mu kuvura.

Tekereza ku bibazo ushaka kubaza muganga wawe, nk’ibizamini ushobora gukenera, uburyo bwo kubona imiti yo gutabara, cyangwa impinduka mu mibereho zishobora kugufasha. Ntukabe ikibazo cyo kubaza icyo ari cyo cyose gikubangamiye.

Niba bishoboka, zana umuntu wo mu muryango wawe cyangwa inshuti yabonye ikibazo cyawe. Bashobora kwibuka ibintu utari wibuka cyangwa bagatanga ubundi buryo bwo kureba ibyabaye mu gihe cy’ubukomere.

Icyo ukwiye kumenya cy’ingenzi kuri Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis ni uburwayi bukomeye busaba kuvurwa ako kanya hakoreshejwe epinephrine n’ubufasha bw’abaganga. Nubwo bishobora gutera ubwoba, abantu benshi bavurwa vuba barakira neza nta ngaruka zikomeye.

Ikintu cy’ingenzi cyo gukora ni ukumenya ibimenyetso kandi ube witwaza imiti yo gutabara niba uri mu kaga. Abantu benshi bafite allergie zikomeye babaho neza, bagira ibikorwa byinshi, binyuze mu kwirinda no gukorana n’abaganga babo.

Wibuke ko kugira anaphylaxis rimwe ntibisobanura ko uzongera kuyirwara, ariko bisobanura ko ukwiye kwirinda. Ufite uburyo bwiza bwo kwirinda no kwitegura, ushobora kubaho neza utekanye.

Ibibazo byakunda kubazwa kuri Anaphylaxis

Ese ushobora kurwara anaphylaxis mu buryo butunguranye, nubwo utarigeze ugira allergie?

Yego, anaphylaxis ishobora kubaho no mu bantu batarigeze bagira allergie. Umubiri wawe ushobora kugira allergie nshya igihe icyo ari cyo cyose mu buzima bwawe, kandi hari igihe ikimenyetso cya mbere cy’allergie ikomeye ari anaphylaxis. Niyo mpamvu ari ingenzi ko buri wese amenya ibimenyetso, atari abantu bafite allergie gusa.

Anaphylaxis imara igihe kingana iki?

Ibimenyetso bya Anaphylaxis bisanzwe bigaragara mu minota mike nyuma yo guhura n’icyo kintu kandi bishobora kumara amasaha menshi nubwo wavuwe. Abantu benshi batangira kumva bameze neza mu minota 15-30 nyuma yo guhabwa epinephrine, ariko ushobora gukenera kuba mu bitaro amasaha 4-8. Bamwe mu bantu bagira ibimenyetso bisubira kugaragara nyuma y’amasaha, niyo mpamvu kwitabwaho n’abaganga ari ingenzi.

Ese byaba byiza gukoresha EpiPen yarangiye igihe mu gihe cy’ubukomere?

EpiPen yarangiye igihe irushaho kuba nziza kurusha EpiPen udafite mu gihe cy’ubukomere. Nubwo imiti ishobora kuba idakora neza nyuma y’igihe cyayo, ishobora kugufasha mu gihe cy’ubukomere. Ariko, ugomba guhora ugerageza kugira epinephrine auto-injector yawe mishya kandi uyisimbuze mbere y’uko irangira.

Ese ushobora kuva mu byago bya anaphylaxis cyangwa allergie zikomeye?

Bamwe mu bantu, cyane cyane abana, bashobora kuva mu byago by’allergie z’ibiryo zari zisanzwe ziterwa n’ibimenyetso bikomeye. Ariko, ibyo ntibyizewe, kandi allergie zimwe na zimwe zishobora kwiyongera uko igihe gihita. Ntukwiye gutekereza ko uvuye mu byago by’allergie ikomeye udafite ibizamini by’abaganga n’ubufasha bw’umuganga w’inzobere mu allergie.

Ese ukwiye gukora iki niba hari umuntu ufite anaphylaxis ariko adafite EpiPen?

Hamagara 911 ako kanya kandi ubamenyeshe ko bishobora kuba anaphylaxis. Fasha uwo muntu kuryama hasi amaguru ari hejuru (keretse niba afite ikibazo cyo guhumeka), kumukuraho imyenda imukomeretsa, kandi umugume hafi kugeza ubufasha bugera. Ntumuhe icyo ari cyo cyose kurya cyangwa kunywa, kandi witegure gukora CPR niba atakaza ubwenge kandi ahagarika guhumeka neza.