Uburwayi bwa Anemia ni iki? Ibimenyetso, Impamvu, n'Ubuvuzi

Anemia ibaho iyo umubiri wawe utagira uturemangingo tw'amaraso duhagije, dutukura kandi duzima, dutwara umwuka mu mubiri wawe wose. Tekereza kuri izi uturemangingo nk'imodoka nto zitwara umwuka uva mu mpfu zerekeza mu bice byose by'umubiri wawe, kandi iyo zidahagije cyangwa zidakora neza, ingingo zawe ntizibona umwuka uhagije kugira ngo zikore neza.

Ubu burwayi bugira abantu babarirwa muri za miriyoni ku isi hose, kandi bushobora kuba buke cyangwa bukabije. Inkuru nziza ni uko ubwoko bwinshi bwa Anemia buvuzwa iyo wowe na muganga wawe mumenye icyabiteye.

Ibimenyetso bya Anemia ni ibihe?

Ibimenyetso bya Anemia bikunda kuza buhoro buhoro, bityo ushobora kutakubona ako kanya. Umubiri wawe uzi kwihanganira impinduka, ariko uko Anemia ikomeza, ibimenyetso birakomeye.

Dore ibimenyetso bisanzwe ushobora kugira:

• Uburwayi n'intege nke bidakira n'ubwo waruhuka
• Uruhu rwera, cyane cyane ku ijisho, imbere y'amaso, cyangwa ku manwa
• Guhumeka nabi mu gihe ukora ibikorwa bisanzwe
• Ibiganza n'ibirenge bipfuye
• Imisumari itabora cyangwa imeze nk'ibikombe
• Irari ritamenyerewe ryo kurya ibintu bidakomerwa nk'amazi y'ububare, umukungugu, cyangwa ifarini y'ibigori
• Gukubita kw'umutima cyane cyangwa kudakora neza
• Kubabara umutwe no guhinda umutwe
• Kugorana gutekereza

Mu gihe cy'uburwayi bukabije, ushobora kubona no kubabara mu kifuba, cyane cyane mu gihe ukora imyitozo ngororamubiri. Bamwe bagira ikibazo cyo kudasinzira neza cyangwa bagira ibibazo byo gusinzira. Ibi bimenyetso bibaho kuko umutima wawe ugomba gukora cyane kugira ngo utware amaraso make afite umwuka mu mubiri wawe wose.

Ubwoko bwa Anemia ni ubuhe?

Hari ubwoko butandukanye bwa Anemia, buri bwoko bufite icyo bwakomotseho. Gusobanukirwa ubwoko ufite bifasha muganga wawe guhitamo uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura.

Ubwoko busanzwe harimo:

• Anemia iterwa n'ibura ry'amabuye y'icyuma: Ubwoko busanzwe, buterwa no kutagira amabuye y'icyuma ahagije mu mubiri wawe
• Anemia iterwa n'ibura rya vitamine: Iterwa n'ibura rya vitamine B12 cyangwa folate
• Anemia iterwa n'uburwayi burambye: Itera hamwe n'uburwayi burambye nk'uburwayi bw'impyiko cyangwa kanseri
• Anemia ya Aplastic: Uburwayi buke aho ubwonko bw'amagufwa buhagarara gukora uturemangingo tw'amaraso duhagije
• Anemia ya Sickle cell: Uburwayi bw'umuryango aho uturemangingo tw'amaraso dutukura tuba duhinduye ishusho
• Thalassemia: Indwara y'umuryango igira ingaruka ku gukora hemoglobin

Ubwoko buke harimo Anemia ya hemolytic, aho uturemangingo tw'amaraso dutukura turanduka vuba kurusha uko dukora, na Anemia ya pernicious, igira ingaruka ku bushobozi bw'umubiri wawe bwo kunywa vitamine B12. Muganga wawe azamenya ubwoko ufite binyuze mu bipimo by'amaraso n'amateka yawe y'ubuzima.

Icyateye Anemia ni iki?

Anemia iterwa n'ikintu kibangamira uburyo busanzwe umubiri wawe ukora uturemangingo tw'amaraso dutukura kandi duzima. Ibi bishobora kuba mu buryo butatu nyamukuru: umubiri wawe ntukore uturemangingo tw'amaraso duhagije, ubirandura vuba cyane, cyangwa ubikuramo binyuze mu kuva amaraso.

Reka turebe impamvu zihariye ziri inyuma ya buri cyiciro:

Kudakora uturemangingo tw'amaraso duhagije bishobora guterwa na:

• Ibura ry'amabuye y'icyuma rituruka ku mirire mibi cyangwa kutabasha kunywa amabuye y'icyuma
• Ibura rya vitamine B12 cyangwa folate
• Uburwayi burambye nk'uburwayi bw'impyiko, kanseri, cyangwa rhumatoïde arthritis
• Uburwayi bw'ubwonko bw'amagufwa
• Imiti runaka cyangwa ubuvuzi nk'imiti ya chimiothérapie

Gutakaza uturemangingo tw'amaraso binyuze mu kuva amaraso bishobora kuba bikubiyemo:

• Ibihe by'ukwezi byinshi
• Kuva amaraso mu gifu biturutse ku dusebe cyangwa polyps
• Gutanga amaraso kenshi
• Imvune cyangwa ibyo kubagwa
• Imiti imwe nka aspirine ishobora gutera kuva amaraso mu gifu

Uturemangingo tw'amaraso turanduka vuba cyane bishobora kuba biterwa na:

• Indwara z'umuryango nk'indwara ya sickle cell
• Indwara z'umubiri zifata umubiri
• Amazi
• Imiti imwe
• Gutwikwa cyane cyangwa izindi mpanuka

Rimwe na rimwe Anemia iterwa n'ihuriro ry'ibi bintu. Muganga wawe azakorana nawe kugira ngo amenye icyateye ikibazo cyawe, ibyo bikaba ari ngombwa mu guhitamo uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga kubera Anemia?

Ukwiye kujya kwa muganga niba ufite umunaniro udashira utakiza n'ubwo waruhuka, cyane cyane iyo uhujwe n'ibindi bimenyetso nk'uruhu rwera cyangwa guhumeka nabi. Abantu benshi bakunda kwirengagiza ibi bimenyetso bya mbere nk'umunaniro cyangwa kuba barahugiye, ariko birakwiye ko ubisuzumisha.

Shaka ubufasha bw'abaganga vuba bishoboka niba ubona:

• Umunaniro ukabije utubuza gukora ibikorwa bya buri munsi
• Kubabara mu kifuba cyangwa gukubita kw'umutima cyane
• Guhumeka nabi cyane
• Guta ubwenge cyangwa guhinda umutwe
• Kubabara umutwe cyane

Niba ufite amateka y'umuryango wa Anemia cyangwa uri mu kaga kubera imirire mike, gutwita, cyangwa uburwayi burambye, banira muganga wawe ibyo gusuzuma. Kumenya hakiri kare no kuvura birashobora gukumira ingaruka mbi kandi bikagufasha kumva neza vuba.

Ibyago byo kurwara Anemia ni ibihe?

Ibintu bimwe bishobora kongera amahirwe yo kurwara Anemia, nubwo kugira ibyago ntibisobanura ko uzayirwara. Gusobanukirwa ibi bishobora kugufasha wowe na muganga wawe kuba maso ku bimenyetso bya mbere.

Ibyago bisanzwe harimo:

• Kuba umugore uri mu myaka yo kubyara: Ibihe by'ukwezi byinshi no gutwita byongera ibyo umubiri ukeneye by'amabuye y'icyuma
• Gukurikiza imirire mike: Imiremire ya vejetariyani cyangwa vegan idateguwe neza ishobora kutagira amabuye y'icyuma ahagije cyangwa B12
• Kugira uburwayi burambye: Uburwayi bw'impyiko, kanseri, cyangwa indwara zifata umubiri zishobora kugira ingaruka ku gukora uturemangingo tw'amaraso
• Imyaka irengeje 65: Abantu bakuze bashobora kugira ibibazo by'imirire cyangwa uburwayi burambye
• Amateka y'umuryango: Ubwoko bumwe bwa Anemia, nk'indwara ya sickle cell, ni ubw'umuryango
• Gutanga amaraso kenshi: Abantu batanga amaraso kenshi bashobora kubura amabuye y'icyuma
• Uburwayi bw'igifu: Indwara nk'indwara ya celiac zishobora kugira ingaruka ku kunywa intungamubiri

Abana bato n'abana nabo bafite ibyago byinshi, cyane cyane abavutse imburagihe cyangwa banywa amata y'inka mbere y'umwaka umwe. Abantu bafata imiti imwe, nka anticoagulants cyangwa antibiotique zimwe, nabo bashobora kuba mu kaga.

Kugira ibyago bisobanura gusa ko ukwiye kumenya ibimenyetso kandi ukaganira n'umuganga wawe ibyo gusuzuma. Ibyago byinshi bishobora gufatwaho ingamba binyuze mu guhindura imibereho cyangwa kuvura kwa muganga.

Ingaruka zishoboka za Anemia ni izihe?

Iyo Anemia idavuwe, ishobora gutera ingaruka zikomeye kuko umubiri wawe uhangayikishwa no kubona umwuka uhagije ku ngingo z'ingenzi. Inkuru nziza ni uko ingaruka nyinshi zishobora kwirindwa hakoreshejwe ubuvuzi bukwiye no kugenzura.

Dore ingaruka nyamukuru ukwiye kumenya:

• Ibibazo by'umutima: Umutima wawe ukora cyane kugira ngo utware amaraso make afite umwuka, bishobora gutera gukubita kw'umutima kudakora neza cyangwa gucika intege kw'umutima
• Ingaruka z'inda zikomeye: Anemia ikomeye mu gihe cyo gutwita ishobora gutera kubyara imburagihe cyangwa abana bafite ibiro bike
• Gutinda gukura mu bana: Abana bafite Anemia irambe ishobora kugira iterambere ridafite imbaraga
• Ibyago byo kwandura: Ubwoko bumwe bwa Anemia bugabanya ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri
• Ibibazo byo gutekereza: Anemia ikomeye ishobora kugira ingaruka ku gutekereza, kwibuka, no gufata ibyemezo

Ingaruka nke ariko zikomeye harimo umunaniro ukabije uba udashira, guta ubwenge bishobora gutera imvune, kandi mu bihe bikomeye, kwangirika kw'ingingo kubera kubura umwuka igihe kirekire. Abantu bafite indwara ya sickle cell bahura n'ibyago byiyongereye nk'ububabare bukabije no kwangirika kw'ingingo.

Icy'ingenzi ni uko izi ngaruka zisanzwe zibaho iyo Anemia ari ikomeye cyangwa idavuwe igihe kirekire. Hamwe no kwitabwaho kwa muganga, abantu benshi bafite Anemia bashobora kwirinda izi ngaruka rwose.

Anemia ishobora kwirindwa gute?

Nubwo utazi kwirinda ubwoko bwose bwa Anemia, cyane cyane ubuterwa n'ibintu by'umuryango cyangwa uburwayi burambye, ushobora kugabanya cyane ibyago by'ubwoko busanzwe binyuze mu guhitamo imibereho no kumenya.

Dore uko ushobora kwirinda:

Fata ibiribwa byinshi by'amabuye y'icyuma:

• Inyama zitukura, inkoko, n'amafi
• Ibishyimbo, lentilles, na tofu
• Imboga z'icyatsi kibisi nk'ispinachi
• Ibiribwa byongerwamo amabuye y'icyuma
• Imbuto zumye

Ongera vitamine:

• Fata ibiribwa byinshi bya vitamine C kugira ngo bifashe kunywa amabuye y'icyuma
• Fata ibiribwa byinshi bya folate nk'imbuto za citrus na imboga z'icyatsi
• Tegereza ibintu bya B12 niba ukunda imirire ya vejetariyani

Niba uri mu kaga kubera gutwita, ibihe by'ukwezi byinshi, cyangwa imirire mike, banira muganga wawe ibyo gufata imiti. Abagore bari mu myaka yo kubyara bagomba gufata imiti ya folic acid, kandi abakunda imirire ya vejetariyani bashobora kuba bakeneye imiti ya B12.

Kusuzuma kenshi bishobora gufata Anemia hakiri kare, cyane cyane niba ufite ibyago. Gucunga uburwayi burambye bushobora gutera Anemia na byo ni ngombwa mu kwirinda.

Anemia imenyekanwa gute?

Kumenya Anemia bitangira ibiganiro ku bimenyetso byawe n'amateka yawe y'ubuzima, bikurikirwa n'ibipimo by'amaraso bigaragariza muganga wawe ishusho y'ibiri kubaho ku turemangingo tw'amaraso yawe.

Isuzuma nyamukuru ni igipimo cyuzuye cy'amaraso (CBC), gipima ibintu byinshi by'ingenzi:

• Umubare w'uturemangingo tw'amaraso dutukura
• Uruhare rwa hemoglobin (protein itwara umwuka)
• Hematocrit (igipimo cy'amaraso akora uturemangingo tw'amaraso dutukura)
• Ubunini n'ishusho y'uturemangingo tw'amaraso dutukura

Bishingiye kuri ibi bisubizo, muganga wawe ashobora gusaba ibindi bipimo kugira ngo amenye ubwoko n'icyateye Anemia yawe. Ibyo bishobora kuba harimo ibyo gusuzuma amabuye y'icyuma kugira ngo urebe amabuye y'icyuma ufite, urwego rwa vitamine B12 na folate, cyangwa ibindi bipimo byihariye niba ukekwaho indwara y'umuryango.

Mu bihe bimwe, muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba gukora biopsie y'ubwonko bw'amagufwa niba akekwaho ikibazo cyo gukora uturemangingo tw'amaraso. Ibi byumvikana nk'ibidasanzwe kurusha uko bisanzwe, kandi bitanga amakuru y'ingenzi ku byo bibaho mu bwonko bw'amagufwa yawe.

Uburyo bwo gusuzuma busanzwe buroroshye, kandi ibisubizo byinshi bituruka mu bipimo byoroshye by'amaraso bishobora gukorwa mu rugendo rusanzwe kwa muganga.

Ubuvuzi bwa Anemia ni ubuhe?

Ubuvuzi bwa Anemia biterwa n'ubwoko ufite n'icyo bwakomotseho. Intego ni ukongera umubare w'uturemangingo tw'amaraso dutukura no guhangana n'ikibazo, kugira ngo wumve neza kandi wirinde ingaruka mbi.

Dore uburyo nyamukuru bwo kuvura:

Kubera Anemia iterwa n'ibura ry'amabuye y'icyuma:

• Imiti y'amabuye y'icyuma (isanzwe ifatwa amezi menshi)
• Guhindura imirire kugira ngo ubone ibiribwa byinshi by'amabuye y'icyuma
• Kuvura isoko y'amaraso yose
• Mu bihe bikomeye, gutera amabuye y'icyuma binyuze mu mitsi

Kubera Anemia iterwa n'ibura rya vitamine:

• Imiti ya B12 cyangwa folate
• Gutera imiti ya B12 niba ikibazo ari ukunywa
• Guhindura imirire

Kubera Anemia iterwa n'uburwayi burambye:

• Kuvura uburwayi
• Rimwe na rimwe imiti yo gukora uturemangingo tw'amaraso dutukura
• Gutanga amaraso mu bihe bikomeye

Kubera Anemia y'umuryango nk'indwara ya sickle cell, ubuvuzi bugamije gucunga ibimenyetso no kwirinda ingaruka mbi. Ibyo bishobora kuba harimo gucunga ububabare, gutanga amaraso, cyangwa ubuvuzi bushya nk'hydroxyurea.

Muganga wawe azakurikirana amajyambere yawe binyuze mu bipimo by'amaraso kandi agahindura ubuvuzi uko bikenewe. Abantu benshi batangira kumva neza mu byumweru bike nyuma yo gutangira ubuvuzi, nubwo bishobora gufata amezi menshi kugira ngo umubiri wawe wuzuze neza.

Uko ugendera Anemia murugo

Nubwo ubuvuzi bwa muganga ari ngombwa, hari ibintu byinshi ushobora gukora murugo kugira ngo ushyigikire gukira kwawe kandi ufashe gucunga ibimenyetso. Ibi bintu bikora neza hamwe na gahunda y'ubuvuzi ya muganga wawe, atari aho kuyisimbura.

Fata ibiribwa bishyigikira gukora uturemangingo tw'amaraso duzima:

• Huza ibiribwa byinshi by'amabuye y'icyuma n'ibiribwa bya vitamine C nk'imbuto za citrus cyangwa pepper
• Teka mu nkono z'icyuma kugira ngo wongere amabuye y'icyuma make mu byo urya
• Kwirinda kunywa icyayi cyangwa kawa hamwe n'ibiribwa byinshi by'amabuye y'icyuma, kuko bishobora kubangamira kunywa
• Fata imboga nyinshi z'icyatsi, zitanga folate

Genzura ingufu zawe ukoresheje umwanya wawe wose. Fata ibiruhuko igihe ubishaka, kandi ntukomeze gukora niba unaniwe cyane. Imikino yoroshye nk'ugenda ishobora gufasha kongera ingufu igihe kinini, ariko utega amatwi umubiri wawe kandi utangire buhoro.

Komeza wishire amazi ahagije kandi uryama uhagije, kuko byombi bishyigikira gukira kw'umubiri wawe. Niba ufata imiti y'amabuye y'icyuma, ifate udafite ikintu mu gifu, ariko ufate ibiryo niba bigutera kubabara mu gifu.

Komeza ukore inyandiko y'ibimenyetso byawe n'ingufu zawe kugira ngo ubisangize muganga wawe mu gihe cyo gukurikirana. Ibi bizamufasha gusobanukirwa uko ubuvuzi bwawe bukora.

Uko wakwitegura urugendo rwawe kwa muganga

Kwitabira urugendo rwawe kwa muganga bigufasha kubona ubuvuzi bwiza kandi bwiza. Gutegura gato bishobora kugira akamaro mu buvuzi uhabwa.

Mbere y'urugendo rwawe, andika:

• Ibimenyetso byawe byose, harimo igihe byatangiye n'uburemere bwabyo
• Amateka yawe yose y'ubuzima, harimo uburwayi burambye
• Imiti n'imiti y'inyongera ufashe
• Amateka y'umuryango wa Anemia cyangwa uburwayi bw'amaraso
• Impinduka cyangwa imirire mike iheruka
• Kuva amaraso iheruka, harimo ibihe by'ukwezi byinshi cyangwa gutanga amaraso

Tegura ibibazo ushaka kubaza, nko kumenya ubwoko bwa Anemia ushobora kuba ufite, uburyo bwo kuvura buhari, n'igihe gukira bisanzwe bifata. Ntugatekereze kubabaza icyakubangamiye.

Niba bishoboka, zana inshuti cyangwa umuryango kugira ngo bagushyigikire kandi bafashe kwibuka amakuru y'ingenzi. Tegereza gukora inyandiko y'ibimenyetso byawe ibyumweru bimwe mbere y'urugendo rwawe kugira ngo ugaragarize muganga wawe ishusho y'ibyo uhanganye na byo.

Wibuke ko muganga wawe ashaka kugufasha kumva neza, bityo ujye uvuga ukuri ku bimenyetso byawe byose, nubwo bisa ntibihuye cyangwa bigatuma uhangayika.

Icy'ingenzi kuri Anemia

Anemia ni uburwayi busanzwe kandi bushobora kuvurwa neza bugira abantu babarirwa muri za miriyoni ku isi hose. Ikintu cy'ingenzi cyo kwibuka ni uko kumva unaniwe kandi ufite intege nke ntabwo ari ikintu ukwiye kwemera nk'ibisanzwe.

Ubwoko bwinshi bwa Anemia buvuzwa neza iyo icyabiteye kimenyekanye. Yaba ari ukunywa imiti y'amabuye y'icyuma cyangwa gucunga uburwayi burambye, hari uburyo bwiza bwo kugufasha kumva neza no kwirinda ingaruka mbi.

Kumenya hakiri kare no kuvura bigira akamaro. Niba ufite ibimenyetso nk'umunaniro udashira, uruhu rwera, cyangwa guhumeka nabi, ntuzategereze kujya kwa muganga. Icyo gusuzuma amaraso gishobora gutanga ibisubizo kandi kikagutera inzira yo kumva neza.

Ibibazo byakunda kubazwa kuri Anemia

Anemia ishobora gukira burundu?

Yego, ubwoko bwinshi bwa Anemia bushobora gukira burundu, cyane cyane ubuterwa n'ibura ry'imirire cyangwa kuva amaraso. Anemia iterwa n'ibura ry'amabuye y'icyuma isanzwe ikira neza hakoreshejwe ubuvuzi bukwiye. Ariko kandi, Anemia iterwa n'uburwayi burambye cyangwa indwara z'umuryango ishobora gusaba gucungwa gukomeza aho gukira burundu. Inkuru nziza ni uko nubwo ibyo ubwoko bushobora gucungwa neza hakoreshejwe ubuvuzi bukwiye.

Bifata igihe kingana iki gukira Anemia?

Igihe cyo gukira gitandukanye bitewe n'ubwoko n'uburemere bwa Anemia. Hamwe na Anemia iterwa n'ibura ry'amabuye y'icyuma, ushobora gutangira kumva neza mu byumweru bike nyuma yo gutangira ubuvuzi, ariko bisanzwe bifata amezi 3-6 kugira ngo amabuye y'icyuma yuzuke neza. Anemia iterwa n'ibura rya vitamine ikunda gukira vuba, rimwe na rimwe mu minsi mike cyangwa mu byumweru. Muganga wawe azakurikirana amajyambere yawe binyuze mu bipimo by'amaraso kugira ngo akurikirane gukira kwawe.

Anemia igira ingaruka zikomeye mu gihe cyo gutwita?

Anemia mike mu gihe cyo gutwita ni ikintu gisanzwe kandi ntabwo igira ingaruka zikomeye iyo icungwa neza. Ariko kandi, Anemia ikomeye ishobora kongera ibyago ku mubyeyi n'umwana, harimo kubyara imburagihe, kubyara abana bafite ibiro bike, n'ingaruka mbi mu gihe cyo kubyara. Abagore batwite bakeneye amabuye y'icyuma na folate byinshi, bityo gufata imiti y'inyongera no gukurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga ni ngombwa. Gukurikirana kenshi bituma ibibazo byose bifatwa kandi bivurwa hakiri kare.

Ushobora gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri niba ufite Anemia?

Imikino yoroshye cyangwa yo hagati ni byiza kandi ishobora kugira akamaro ku bantu bafite Anemia, ariko ukwiye gutega amatwi umubiri wawe kandi ukirinda gukora cyane. Tangira imikino yoroshye nk'ugenda kandi wiyongere uko uko uko ubuzima bwawe bugenda buzamuka. Kwirinda imikino ikomeye kugeza Anemia yawe igenzurwa neza, kuko bishobora kongera ibimenyetso nk'guhumeka nabi n'umunaniro. Buri gihe banira muganga wawe mbere yo gutangira gahunda nshya y'imyitozo ngororamubiri.

Anemia igira ingaruka ku budahangarwa bw'umubiri?

Ubwoko bumwe bwa Anemia bushobora kugabanya ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri, bikagutera kwandura. Ibi ni byo cyane cyane kuri Anemia iterwa n'uburwayi burambye cyangwa indwara zimwe z'umuryango. Ibura ry'amabuye y'icyuma rishobora kugira ingaruka ku budahangarwa bw'umubiri, kuko amabuye y'icyuma agira uruhare mu gukora uturemangingo tw'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri. Ariko kandi, kuvura Anemia yawe bisanzwe bifasha gusubiza ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri busanzwe. Niba ubona urwara kenshi, bivuge kuri muganga wawe.