Anthrax ni iki? Ibimenyetso, Intandaro, & Uko Ivurwa

Anthrax ni iki?

Anthrax ni indwara iterwa na mikorobe yitwa *Bacillus anthracis*. Iyi mikorobe iba mu butaka kandi isanzwe ibandanya mu matungo afuga nk'inka, intama n'ihene.

Nubwo anthrax ishobora kumvikana nk'ibintu biteye ubwoba kubera izina ryayo, mu by'ukuri ni gake cyane mu bantu muri iki gihe. Benshi mu barwaye bayanduye iyo bahuye n'amatungo yanduye cyangwa ibikomoka ku matungo yanduye. Iyi mikorobe ishobora kubaho mu mimerere mibi binyuze mu gukora utwumba twikingira.

Inkuru nziza ni uko anthrax ivurwa neza n'antibiyotike iyo imenyekanye hakiri kare. Gusobanukirwa ibimenyetso no kubona ubuvuzi bwihuse bigira uruhare runini mu gukira.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bwa Anthrax?

Anthrax igira ingaruka ku mubiri wawe mu buryo butatu nyamukuru, bitewe n'uburyo mikorobe yinjiye mu mubiri wawe. Buri bwoko bufite ibimenyetso bitandukanye n'uburemere.

Anthrax yo ku ruhu ibaho iyo utwumba twinjiye mu dukombe cyangwa mu dusebe ku ruhu rwawe. Ni bwoko busanzwe cyane, bugize hafi 95% by'abarwaye bose. Isanzwe iba ku ruhu gusa.

Anthrax yo mu myanya y'ubuhumekero ibaho iyo uhumeka utwumba mu kirere. Ubu bwoko bukomeye cyane kandi bushobora kwica umuntu ntibuvuriwe vuba. Icyakora, ni gake cyane mu buzima busanzwe.

Anthrax yo mu gifu ibaho iyo uriye inyama zitetse nabi zikomoka ku matungo yanduye. Ubu bwoko bugira ingaruka ku gifu n'amara kandi bushobora no kuba bibi cyane.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya Anthrax?

Ibimenyetso bya Anthrax bitandukanye cyane bitewe n'ubwoko ufite. Umubiri wawe uzagira uburyo butandukanye bitewe n'aho mikorobe yinjiye ikwirakwira.

Reka turebe icyo dukwiye kwitondera kuri buri bwoko, dutangiriye ku bwoko busanzwe:

Ibimenyetso bya Anthrax yo ku ruhu

Umuntu ufite igicurane cy’uruhu akenshi agaragaza ibimenyetso mu gihe cy’iminsi 1 kugeza kuri 7 nyuma yo kwandura. Ibimenyetso bisanzwe bigaragara aho udukoko twinjiye mu ruhu.

• Ububyimba buto, bukunkumura, bumeze nk’urushishi rw’udusimba
• Ububyimba buhinduka ikibyimba kirimo amazi mu minsi 1-2
• Hagati mu kibyimba hagaragara agace k’umukara kadakomeretsa
• Kubyimbagana cyane mu gice cyanduye
• Udukoko tw’amaraso duhindura ibara hafi y’aho byanduye

Agacupa k’umukara ni ikimenyetso cy’ingenzi gifasha abaganga kumenya igicurane cy’uruhu. Nubwo bishobora kugaragara nk’iby’ubwoba, ubu bwoko bw’igicurane ntibugira akaga gakomeye iyo buvuwe neza.

Ibimenyetso by’igicurane cyinjira mu myanya y’ubuhumekero

Ibimenyetso by’igicurane cyinjira mu myanya y’ubuhumekero bishobora gutinda kuva ku munsi umwe kugeza ku mezi abiri kugira ngo bigaragare. Ubu bwoko bwa igicurane bugenda butangira nk’ibimenyetso by’umurwayi wa grippe, bishobora gutera urujijo.

Ibimenyetso bya mbere birimo:

• Umuhango n’igikomere
• Kubabara kw’imikaya n’umunaniro
• Kubabara gato mu gituza
• Inkorora yumye
• Isesemi no kubura ubushake bwo kurya

Nyuma y’iminsi mike, ibimenyetso bishobora kwiyongera cyane bikagera kuri:

• Gukomeretsa mu guhumeka
• Umuhango mwinshi n’umuriro mwinshi
• Gucika intege no kubura ubwenge
• Kubabara cyane mu gituza

Iyi nzira ishobora kuba yihuta, niyo mpamvu ibimenyetso byose byo mu myanya y’ubuhumekero nyuma yo kwandura bisaba ubuvuzi bw’ihutirwa.

Ibimenyetso by’igicurane cyo mu gifu

Ibimenyetso by’igicurane cyo mu gifu bisanzwe bigaragara mu gihe cy’iminsi 1 kugeza kuri 7 nyuma yo kurya inyama zanduye. Ibi bimenyetso bigira ingaruka ku buryo bw’igogorwa kandi bishobora kuba bibi.

• Kubabara cyane mu nda no guhahamuka
• Isesemi no kuruka
• Kubura ubushake bwo kurya
• Umuhango n’ububabare bw’umutwe
• Impiswi, rimwe na rimwe ifite amaraso
• Kubabara mu muhogo no kugorana mu gutema
• Udukoko tw’amaraso duhindura ibara mu ijosi

Hari abandi bagira ubwoko bwa anthrax bworoshye cyane bugira ingaruka ku gice cy’umutwe, bugatera kubyimba bikabije no kugorana guhumeka. Ibi bisaba ubuvuzi bwihuse.

Ese Anthrax iterwa n’iki?

Anthrax iterwa na bagiteri ya *Bacillus anthracis* cyangwa imiti yayo. Izi bagiteri ziba mu butaka hirya no hino ku isi kandi ahanini zanduza amatungo arisha ubwatsi.

Izi bagiteri zikora imiti iyo ibibazo bibaye bikomeye, nko mu gihe cy’amapfa cyangwa ubushyuhe bukabije. Iyi miti ishobora kubaho mu bidukikije imyaka myinshi, itegerezanyije igihe gikwiriye kugira ngo yongere gukora.

Dore uko abantu basanzwe bandura anthrax:

• Guhuza n’amatungo yanduye cyangwa uruhu rwabo, ubwoya cyangwa umusatsi
• Guhuza n’ibicuruzwa by’amatungo byanduye nka uruhu cyangwa ubwoya
• Kurya inyama zitetse nabi z’amatungo yanduye
• Guhumeka imiti iva mu bintu byanduye
• Gukora mu nganda zitunganya ibikomoka ku matungo

Urugero rwinshi rw’abantu banduye rubaho mu turere tw’ubuhinzi aho abantu bakorana bya hafi n’amatungo. Izi bagiteri ntizirambukira mu bantu, bityo rero ntushobora kwandura anthrax uvuye ku muntu uyirwaye.

Mu bihe bitoroshye cyane, anthrax yakoreshejwe nk’intwaro ya biologi, ariko ibi bigaragaza igice gito cyane cy’ibintu byose ku isi.

Iyo ukwiye kubona muganga kubera Anthrax?

Wagomba kubona muganga ako kanya niba ufite ibimenyetso by’amakenga nyuma yo guhura na anthrax. Ivuriro rya hafi rigira uruhare runini mu gukira kwawe.

Shaka ubuvuzi bwihuse bw’ibikorwa byihutirwa niba ufite:

• Gukomeretsa guhumeka cyane
• Urufuriro rukabije rufatanije n’ububabare bwo mu gituza
• Igisonga cy’uruhu kibabaza cyane gifite umukara hagati
• Ububabare bukabije mu nda buherekejwe n’uburakari bw’amaraso
• Kubyimbagira mu muhogo bigorana kugira

Ntugatege amatwi ngo urebe niba ibimenyetso bizagenda ubwabyo. Anthrax ishobora gutera imbere vuba, cyane cyane ubwoko bwo mu myanya y’ubuhumekero n’ubwo mu gifu.

Kandi, hamagara muganga wawe niba wahuye n’amatungo cyangwa ibikomoka ku matungo bishobora kuba byanduye, ukagaragaza ibimenyetso by’igicurane. Ndetse n’ibimenyetso bito bigomba kuvurirwa muganga igihe hari icyago cyo kwandura umwijima.

Ni ibihe bintu byongera ibyago byo kwandura umwijima?

Hari ibikorwa n’imirimo bimwe na bimwe bikongerera ibyago byo kwandura umwijima. Gusobanukirwa ibyo bintu byongera ibyago bishobora kugufasha gufata ingamba zikwiye.

Ibyago byawe byiyongera niba ukora muri ibi bice:

• Ubuganga bw’amatungo, cyane cyane ku matungo y’ubuhinzi
• Ubuhinzi n’ubworozi
• Gutunganya ubwoya no gukora imyenda
• Gukora imyenda y’uruhu no gutunganya amahi
• Akora mu labo atoragura ibipimo by’umwijima
• Gukora mu gisirikare mu duce tumwe na tumwe

Ibintu bijyanye n’aho utuye bigira uruhare mu kigero cy’ibyago:

• Kuba mu turere tw’icyaro duhingwa
• Kujya mu bihugu bitarinda amatungo neza
• Uduce hagaragaye ubwandu bushya bw’umwijima ku matungo
• Uduce umwijima uba mwinshi mu butaka

Bimwe mu bihugu bya Afurika, Aziya, na bimwe mu bice by’Uburayi bifite umwijima mwinshi ku matungo, ibyo bishobora kongera ibyago byo kwandura ku bantu. Ariko kandi, no muri iyo duce, abarwaye umwijima baguma bake.

Ni ibihe bibazo bishobora guterwa n’umwijima?

Ibibazo byaterwa n’umwijima biterwa ahanini n’ubwoko bw’umwijima ufite n’uburyo ubuvuzi buhita butangira. Ubuvuzi bw’antibiyotike bwa vuba bukumira ibibazo bikomeye.

Reka turebe icyakorwa kuri buri bwoko niba ubuvuzi butinze:

Ibibazo byaterwa n’umwijima ku ruhu

Umuwijima ku ruhu ntabwo ukunda gutera ibibazo bikomeye iyo uvuwe neza. Ariko kandi, udafashwe, ubwandu bushobora gukwirakwira mu mitsi ya lymph, rimwe na rimwe bugashobora kwinjira mu maraso.

• Amazi y’ubwandu bwa bagiteri mu kibonda
• Udukoba dukomeye aho icyo kibonda cyari kiri
• Kwihuta mu mitsi y’amaraso (lymphangitis)
• Mu bice bito, kwaguka kw’ubwandu mu mubiri wose

Ndetse no mu gihe kitavuwe, anthrax yo ku ruhu ipfana mu kigero kiri munsi ya 1%, bituma iba ubwoko buke cyane bw’indwara.

Ingaruka za Anthrax yo mu myanya y’ubuhumekero

Anthrax yo mu myanya y’ubuhumekero ishobora gutera ingaruka zikomeye kandi zishobora kwica umuntu niba idakurikiranwe vuba. Bagiteri zishobora kwangiza cyane imitsi y’ubuhumekero n’imijyana y’amaraso.

• Guhumeka nabi bikomeye bisaba imashini y’ubuhumekero
• Gucika intege bitewe n’uburozi bwa bagiteri mu maraso
• Kwirundanya kw’amazi hafi y’ibihaha (pleural effusion)
• Kubabara kw’ubwonko n’umugongo (meningitis)
• Kunaniuka kw’imikorere y’ingingo nyinshi z’umubiri

Ikibabaje ni uko, nubwo hakoreshejwe ubuvuzi bukomeye, anthrax yo mu myanya y’ubuhumekero ishobora kwica abantu bagera kuri 45%. Ni yo mpamvu kwitabaza muganga vuba ari ingenzi cyane.

Ingaruka za Anthrax yo mu gifu

Anthrax yo mu gifu ishobora gutera ingaruka zikomeye zigira ingaruka ku buryo bw’igogora n’ubuzima muri rusange.

• Kumara amazi cyane bitewe no kuruka no kugira impiswi
• Kuva amaraso mu mara no gucika
• Ubwandu bw’amaraso (septicemia)
• Gucika intege no kunanuka kw’imikorere y’ingingo
• Kubyimbagira mu mazuru bigatuma uhuhumeka bigorana

Ubwoko bw’anthrax yo mu gifu bwo mu mazuru bushobora kuba bwihariye kuko kubyimbagira bishobora guhagarika vuba inzira y’ubuhumekero.

Anthrax imenyeshwa gute?

Abaganga bamenya anthrax binyuze mu guhuza amateka yawe y’ubuzima, isuzuma ry’umubiri, n’ibizamini bya laboratwari. Muganga azashaka kumenya ibyerekeye uko wahuriye n’inyamaswa cyangwa ingendo zawe.

Uburyo bwo kuvura busanzwe butangira muganga akubaza ibyerekeye aho ushobora kuba waranduye. Azasuzumana ubushishozi ibikomere ku ruhu kandi akumva ibihaha byawe niba ufite ibimenyetso byo mu myanya y’ubuhumekero.

Ibizamini bya laboratwari bifasha mu kwemeza anthrax birimo:

• Ibizamini by'amaraso kugira ngo barebeho udukoko cyangwa antikorora
• Gucukura uruhu ku mpande z’ibibyimba byo ku ruhu
• Icyitwa sputum (umusemburo) niba uri gukorora
• Ibyavuye mu guhanagura (stool samples) ku bimenyetso byo mu gifu
• Kureba amavuta yo mu muhogo (spinal fluid) niba bakeka meningitis

Muganga wawe ashobora kandi gutegeka ibizamini byo kubona ishusho nk'ama rayons X y'amaguru cyangwa CT scan. Ibi bishobora kwerekana impinduka zihari mu mwijima wawe cyangwa mu mitsi ya lymph zishobora kugaragaza anthrax.

Kubona ubuvuzi nyakuri vuba ni ingenzi kuko kuvura anthrax bikora neza iyo bitangiye hakiri kare. Ntuzuzagere kubwira umuvuzi wawe ibyerekeye isesengura ry'inyamaswa rishoboka.

Ubuvuzi bwa Anthrax ni bwoki?

Ubuvuzi bwa Anthrax bushingiye ku miti ya antibiyotike ihitana udukoko mbere yuko butera ibibazo bikomeye. Uko kuvura gutangira hakiri kare, ni ko amahirwe yo gukira burundu aba menshi.

Muganga wawe azahitamo antibiyotike hashingiwe ku bwoko bwa anthrax ufite n'uburemere bw'ibimenyetso byawe. Ubuvuzi busanzwe buramara iminsi 60 kugira ngo habeho kwemeza ko udukoko twose twarimuwe.

Amahitamo yo kuvura Antibiyotike

Antibiyotike nyinshi zikora neza kurwanya udukoko twa anthrax. Muganga wawe azahitamo igisubizo cyiza cyane ku mimerere yawe.

• Ciprofloxacin cyangwa levofloxacin (antibiyotike za fluoroquinolone)
• Doxycycline (antibiyotike ya tetracycline)
• Penicillin (ku anthrax yo ku ruhu gusa)
• Clindamycin (igisubizo cy'inyongera)

Ku bintu bikomeye nka anthrax yo mu myanya y'ubuhumekero, abaganga bakunze gukoresha imiti ya antibiyotike ivangwa itangwa mu mitsi. Ibi bitanga igitero gikomeye cyane kurwanya udukoko.

Kwitaho kw'inyongera

Hamwe na antibiyotike, ushobora kuba ukeneye ubundi buvuzi kugira ngo umubiri wawe ukire kandi ugenzure ibimenyetso.

• Amazi ava mu mitsi (IV fluids) yo kwirinda kukama
• Ubuvuzi bw'umwuka (Oxygen therapy) cyangwa inkunga yo guhumeka
• Imiti igabanya ububabare kugira ngo umuntu aruhuke
• Kuvura amazi ari mu bihaha niba ari ngombwa
• Kwitabwaho cyane mu bitaro ku barwaye cyane

Ku barwaye agakoko k'igitonyanga k'uruhu, muganga azakugira inama ku bijyanye no kuvura ibikomere kugira ngo wirinde kwandura indi ndwara kandi ukire.

Ubuvuzi bw'antitoxin

Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe bikomeye, abaganga bashobora gukoresha antitoxin zigabanya ubumara buterwa na bagiteri ya anthrax. Ubu buvuzi bukoreshwa ku ndwara zikomeye cyane.

Antitoxin zifatanije na antibiyotike mu guha umubiri wawe amahirwe meza yo kurwanya iyi ndwara neza.

Uko wakwitaho iwawe igihe ufite anthrax

Kwitaho iwawe igihe ufite anthrax bigamije gufata antibiyotike uko byategetswe no gukurikirana ibimenyetso byawe neza. Kugira ngo ukire, ni ngombwa cyane gukurikiza gahunda yawe y'ubuvuzi neza.

Dore uko wakwitaho iwawe:

Guta antibiyotike

Gahunda yawe yo gufata antibiyotike ni ingenzi cyane mu buvuzi bwawe bw'i mu rugo. Kudata antibiyotike cyangwa kuzireka vuba bishobora gutuma bagiteri zikomeza kubaho kandi zigakwirakwira.

• Fata antibiyotike mu masaha amwe buri munsi
• Nurangize iminsi 60 yose, naho waba wumva umeze neza
• Ntusimbure igihe cyo gufata imiti cyangwa utayifate
• Fata imiti hamwe n'ibiribwa niba ikubabaza mu gifu
• Kubika imiti neza hakurikijwe amabwiriza ari ku kinyangamuntu

Shira alarme kuri telefoni yawe cyangwa ukoreshe ikintu cyo kubika imiti kugira ngo wibuke igihe cyo kuyifata. Igihe kirekire cyo kuvurwa bishobora gutuma wibagirwa cyangwa ukagira uburangare.

Kuvura ibikomere ku barwaye anthrax y'uruhu

Niba ufite anthrax y'uruhu, kuvura ibikomere neza bifasha mu kwirinda ingaruka mbi no gukira.

• Komera agacece gahungabanye ukagumisha gatoya kandi gasekeje
• Shyira imiti yo kwisiga yagutegetswe nk’uko byategetswe
• Fata igikomere ufate igipfunyika cyiza
• Hindura ibipfunyika buri munsi cyangwa igihe byanduye
• Ntukareba cyangwa ngo ukubite ku kibyimba

Kora isuzuma ry’ibimenyetso bishobora kwerekana ko ubwandu bukomeje gukwirakwira, nka misego itukura iva mu gikomere cyangwa ububabare n’ubwuzu bwiyongereye.

Kumenya Uko Ubereye

Komeza ukore isuzuma ry’uko wumva kandi urebe impinduka zose mu bimenyetso byawe. Kumenya hakiri kare ibibazo bishobora gukumira ingaruka zikomeye.

Hamagara muganga wawe ako kanya niba ufite:

• Ibimenyetso bikomeye cyangwa bishya
• Ingaruka mbi zikomeye ziterwa na antibiyotike
• Ibimenyetso byo kwangirika
• Urugendo rw’ubuhumekero rwagoranye
• Umuhango mwinshi udatakaza

Abantu benshi batangira kumva barwaye mu minsi mike nyuma yo gutangira antibiyotike, ariko gukira burundu bishobora gutwara ibyumweru byinshi.

Anthrax Irashobora Gukumirwa Gute?

Gukumira anthrax bisobanura kwirinda kwandura udukoko no gufata ingamba zikwiye mugihe ukora ku nyamaswa cyangwa ibicuruzwa byazo. Isuku nziza n’ingamba zo kwirinda ku kazi ni zo zikurinda cyane.

Dore ingamba zikomeye zo kwirinda:

Ingamba zo Kwiringira ku Gikorwa

Niba ukora ku nyamaswa cyangwa ibicuruzwa byazo, gukurikiza amabwiriza y’umutekano bigabanya cyane ibyago byo kwandura.

• Kwambara imyenda n’uturango birinda mugihe ufata inyamaswa
• Koresha sisitemu nziza yo guhumeka mu bigo bicungwa
• Kugendera ku mabwiriza y’umutekano ku kazi ku bicuruzwa by’inyamaswa
• Rapora inyamaswa zirwaye cyangwa zapfuye ku bayobozi b’ubuvuzi bw’amatungo
• Kora isuzuma ry’ubuzima buri gihe niba uri mu mirimo ifite ibyago byinshi

Ibihugu byinshi binasaba gahunda zo gukingira amatungo bigabanya cyane anthrax mu nyamaswa, kandi bikarinda n’abantu.

Uburyo bwo Kurinda Ibiribwa

Gukora neza ibiryo no kubiteka bishobora gukumira anthrax yo mu mara iterwa n’inyama zanduye.

• Teka inyama ku bushyuhe bukwiye
• Gura inyama mu masoko yizewe kandi azwi
• Irinde inyama zitetse nabi, cyane cyane iyo uri mu rugendo
• Kora isuku nziza mu gikoni
• Jya witonda cyane ku nyama mu turere tuzwiho anthrax y’amatungo

Mu bihugu byateye imbere bifite gahunda nziza zo kurinda ubuziranenge bw’ibiribwa, anthrax yo mu mara ni inyinshi cyane.

Urukingo

Hari urukingo rwa anthrax ariko rusanzwe rutangirwa abantu bafite ibyago byinshi, nka ba gisirikare cyangwa abakozi ba laboratwari bafite ibipimo bya anthrax.

Urukingo rusaba inshinge nyinshi n’izongera buri mwaka. Ntirugerwaho ku bantu bose kuko kwandura anthrax bitoroshye mu buzima busanzwe.

Wategura gute uruzinduko kwa muganga?

Gutegura uruzinduko kwa muganga bigufasha kubona ubuvuzi bukwiye n’ubumenyi buhamye. Kugira amakuru akenewe biteguye bishobora kwihutisha uburyo cyane.

Mbere y’uruzinduko rwawe kwa muganga, kora ubushakashatsi ku byago byawe n’ibimenyetso ugaragaza. Ibi bizafasha muganga wawe kumenya ibyago byawe no gufata ibyemezo bikwiye.

Amakuru yo gutegura

Andika amakuru arambuye yerekeye ibimenyetso byawe n’aho ushobora kuba waranduye anthrax. Aya makuru azagufasha muganga wawe gusuzuma vuba uko uhagaze.

• Igihe ibimenyetso byawe byatangiye n’uko byahindutse
• Uhuye n’amatungo cyangwa ibikomoka ku matungo vuba aha
• Umurimo wawe n’urugendo uheruka gukora
• Imiti ukoresha ubu n’ibintu ufite agakoko
• Ubundi buzima ufite

Jya ugaragaza neza uko wahuriye n’amatungo, harimo ubwoko bw’amatungo n’igihe wahuye nayo.

Ibibazo byo kubabaza muganga wawe

Kugira ibibazo witeguye bigufasha kubona amakuru ukeneye kugira ngo wizeye gahunda yawe y’ubuvuzi.

• Ni ubwoko ki bwa Antraxe mfite, kandi bukomeye gute?
• Nzakenera igihe kingana iki ngo mfate imiti yo kurwanya udukoko?
• Ni ingaruka mbi iyihe nakwirinda?
• Ni ryari ngomba gutangira kumva meze neza?
• Ni ibimenyetso ibihe bivuga ko nagomba guhamagara umuganga vuba?
• Nakwirinda gute kuyanduza abagize umuryango wanjye?

Ntukabe gushidikanya gusaba ibisobanuro niba utumva ikintu. Muganga wawe arashaka ko wumva uhawe amakuru kandi wishimye n'ubuvuzi bwawe.

Icyo Wakwizana

Kuzana ibintu bikwiye ku muhango wawe bishobora gufasha kwihutisha ibizamini byawe n'ubuvuzi.

• Urutonde rw'imiti yose ukoresha ubu
• Amakara yawe y'ubwishingizi n'irangamuntu
• Agatabo ko kwandika amakuru y'ingenzi
• Ibyanditswe byose by'ubuvuzi bijyanye n'ibimenyetso byawe

Niba hari umuntu ushobora kuza nawe ku muhango, ashobora kugufasha kwibuka amakuru y'ingenzi no gutanga ubufasha mu gihe cy'akaga.

Ni iki cy'ingenzi cyo Kumenya kuri Antraxe?

Antraxe ni indwara ikomeye ariko ivurwa neza y'ubwandu bwa bagiteri isubiza neza imiti yo kurwanya udukoko iyo ifashwe hakiri kare. Nubwo bishobora kuba byumvikana biteye ubwoba, imibare y'abantu ibayeho ni mike cyane, cyane cyane mu bihugu byateye imbere bifite gahunda nziza z'ubuzima bw'amatungo.

Ikintu cy'ingenzi cyo kwibuka ni uko kuvurwa hakiri kare ari byo byose. Niba wahuye n'amatungo cyangwa ibikomoka ku matungo ukabona ibimenyetso bihangayikishije, ntuzategereze gushaka ubuvuzi.

Abantu benshi bahabwa imiti yo kurwanya udukoko vuba barakira neza Antraxe. Nubwo ubwoko bw'uruhu, ari bwo bugaragara cyane, ntabwo buteza ibibazo birambye iyo buvuwe uko bikwiye.

Uburinzi bwawe bwiza buturuka ku kwitwararika uko bikwiye niba ukora ku matungo, gukoresha neza umutekano w'ibiribwa, no kumenya igihe cyo gushaka ubuvuzi. Hamwe n'ubumenyi bukwiye n'igikorwa cyihuse, Antraxe ntibikwiye kuba ikibazo gikomeye ku buzima bwawe.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubahwa kuri Antraxe

Ese Antrakusi yandura kuva ku muntu umwe ajya ku wundi?

Oya, Antrakusi ntiyandura kuva ku muntu umwe ajya ku wundi binyuze mu guhura bisanzwe, inkorora cyangwa agacuho. Ushobora kwandura Antrakusi gusa ukoze ku buryo bwa bugufi kuri bagiteri cyangwa spores zikomoka ku nyamaswa zanduye cyangwa ibintu byanduye. Ibi bivuze ko ntukeneye guhangayika ugiye kwandura Antrakusi ukomoka ku muntu uyirwaye, kandi ntushobora kuyitwara ku bagize umuryango wawe mu bikorwa bisanzwe bya buri munsi.

Birama igihe kingana iki kugira ngo ibimenyetso bya Antrakusi bigaragare?

Ibimenyetso bya Antrakusi bishobora kugaragara hagati y’umunsi umwe kugeza ku mezi abiri nyuma yo kwandura, bitewe n’ubwoko bwayo. Antrakusi yo ku ruhu isanzwe igaragaza ibimenyetso mu gihe cy’iminsi 1 kugeza kuri 7, mu gihe Antrakusi yo mu mara isanzwe itera mu minsi 1 kugeza kuri 7 nyuma yo kurya inyama zanduye. Antrakusi yo mu myanya y’ubuhumekero ifite igihe kirekire cyo gutinda kugaragara kandi ishobora gutinda kuva ku munsi umwe kugeza ku ndwi 8 kugira ngo igaragaze ibimenyetso, nubwo abenshi bandura mu minsi mike kugeza ku ndwi 2.

Ese Antrakusi ihora ipfana?

Oya, Antrakusi ntihora ipfana, cyane cyane iyo ivuwe hakiri kare ikoreshejwe imiti ya antibiyotike. Antrakusi yo ku ruhu ifite amahirwe meza yo gukira, igipimo cy’abapfa kiri munsi ya 1% nubwo idakuweho. Antrakusi yo mu myanya y’ubuhumekero ikomeye kurushaho ariko iracyavurwa, igipimo cy’abarokoka kizamuka cyane iyo antibiyotike zibashize vuba. Antrakusi yo mu mara iri hagati mu bijyanye n’uburemere, ariko kuvurwa hakiri kare bizamura cyane ibyavuye mu buvuzi bw’ubwoko bwose.

Ese nshobora kwandura Antrakusi mu kurya inyama?

Ushobora kwandura Antrakusi yo mu mara ukoresheje inyama zitetse nabi zikomoka ku nyamaswa zanduye, ariko ibi birarenga cyane mu bihugu bifite uburyo bwiza bwo kubungabunga ibiryo. Guteka neza kwica bagiteri ya Antrakusi, bityo inyama zitetse neza ni nziza kurya. Icyago kiri hejuru cyane iyo urya inyama zitetse nabi mu turere Antrakusi y’amatungo ikunze kugaragara kandi uburyo bwo kubungabunga ibiryo bushobora kuba buke.

Ese nkeneye gukingirwa Antrakusi?

Abantu benshi ntibakenera urukingo rwa antraks kuko ibyago byo kwandura biri hasi cyane mu buzima busanzwe. Urukingo rwa antraks rusanzwe rugirwa inama gusa ku bantu bari mu kaga gakomeye, nka ba gisirikare boherejwe mu turere tumwe na tumwe, abakozi ba laboratwari bafata ibipimo bya antraks, cyangwa abantu bakorana bya hafi n’ibicuruzwa by’amatungo bituruka mu bihugu biri mu kaga gakomeye. Muganga wawe ashobora kugufasha kumenya niba urukingo rukubereye mu mimerere yawe.