Asbestosis ni iki? Ibimenyetso, Impamvu, n'Ubuvuzi

Asbestosis ni indwara ikomeye y'ibihaha iterwa no guhumeka utubutura twa asbesto mu myaka myinshi. Iyo utwo tubutura duto twifashe mu bihaha byawe, bitera inkovu bigatuma guhumeka bigorana no kubona ogisijeni ihagije mu maraso yawe.

Iyi ndwara itera buhoro buhoro, ikenshi ikamara imyaka 20 kugeza kuri 40 nyuma yo kwandura mbere y'uko ibimenyetso bigaragara. Uruhu rw'ibihaha rwibasiwe ruba rikomeye kandi rukaba rwuzuye inkovu, niyo mpamvu abaganga babyita pulmonary fibrosis (uburwayi bw'ibihaha buterwa n'inkovu). Nubwo nta muti uraboneka, ubuvuzi bushobora gufasha gucunga ibimenyetso no kugabanya iterambere ry'indwara.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya asbestosis?

Ikimenyetso nyamukuru ushobora kubona mbere ni guhumeka bigoranye, cyane cyane mu mirimo ikomeye nko kuzamuka intambwe cyangwa kugenda mu musozi. Ibi bibaho kuko ibihaha byawe byuzuye inkovu bitashobora kwaguka no kugabanya ubunini nk'ibihaha bizima.

Dore ibimenyetso bisanzwe bigaragara uko indwara itera:

• Ukohoka kwumye kudashira
• Kubabara cyangwa gufata mu gituza
• Uburwayi bukabije ugereranyije n'ubusanzwe
• Kubura ubushake bwo kurya no kugabanya ibiro bitateganijwe
• Iminwe n'ibirenge byuzuye (biba binini kandi birimo imirongo)
• Amajwi asa n'ay'inkovu mu gihe uhumeka (umuganga wawe ashobora kuyumva akoresheje stethoscope)

Mu bihe bikomeye, ushobora kugira ibara ry'ubururu ku minwa yawe cyangwa ku misumari, bivuze ko amaraso yawe atabona ogisijeni ihagije. Iki ni ikimenyetso gikenewe ubufasha bw'abaganga vuba.

Ni iki giterwa na asbestosis?

Asbestosis ibaho iyo uhumeka utubutura twa asbesto kenshi mu mezi cyangwa imyaka. Utubutura duto cyane ku buryo utabona, ariko uburambe bwawo bugera mu bihaha byawe, umubiri wawe ntushobora kubitandukanya cyangwa kubikuraho.

Ubudahangarwa bwawe bwo kurwanya indwara bugerageza gutera utwo tubutura tw'amahanga, ariko ibi biterwa n'uburwayi kandi amaherezo bigatera inkovu ziramba. Tekereza nk'aho ufite igiti kinini umubiri wawe ukomeza kugerageza gukira, ariko ntukabikunde.

Amasoko asanzwe yo kwandura asbesto arimo:

• Imishinga yo kubaka no gusenya inyubako za kera
• Kubaka amato no kuyasana
• Gukuramo asbesto no kuyitunganya
• Gusana feri n'ibikoresho by'imodoka
• Gushyiraho no gukuraho insinga
• Imishinga yo gushyiraho amabati n'ibikoresho byubatswe birimo asbesto

Ndetse n'abantu bo mu muryango bashobora kuba bari mu kaga niba hari umuntu uzanye utubutura twa asbesto mu rugo ku myenda ye, mu musatsi, cyangwa ku ruhu rwe. Ibi bita secondary exposure (kwandura kabiri), niyo mpamvu ingamba z'umutekano ari ingenzi cyane kuri uwo ari we wese ukora hafi ya asbesto.

Ni ryari ukwiye kubona umuganga kubera asbestosis?

Ukwiye kubona umuganga niba ufite amateka yo kwandura asbesto kandi ukagira ibibazo byo guhumeka bidashira cyangwa ukohoka kudashira. Kumenya hakiri kare bishobora gufasha kugabanya iterambere ry'indwara no kunoza ubuzima bwawe.

Shaka ubufasha bw'abaganga vuba niba ufite guhumeka bigoranye cyane, ububabare mu gituza, cyangwa ukabona iminwa yawe cyangwa imisumari yawe ihindutse ubururu. Ibi bimenyetso bigaragaza ko ibihaha byawe bitanga ogisijeni ihagije umubiri wawe.

Ntugatege amatwi niba ufite ibibazo mu bikorwa bya buri munsi kubera ibibazo byo guhumeka. Nubwo ibimenyetso byawe bisa nkaho ari bito, umuganga wawe ashobora gukora ibizamini kugira ngo arebe uko ibihaha byawe bikora kandi atangire ubuvuzi bushobora kugufasha kumva neza.

Ni ibihe bintu byongera ibyago bya asbestosis?

Ibyago byo kurwara asbestosis biterwa ahanini n'ingano ya asbesto wahumetse n'igihe wayimazemo. Abantu bakoraga asbesto cyane cyane bafite ibyago byinshi.

Ibintu by'ingenzi byongera ibyago byawe birimo:

• Gukora imirimo ifite ibyago byinshi nko kubaka, kubaka amato, cyangwa gucukura
• Kuba mu mazu ya kera afite insinga cyangwa ibikoresho birimo asbesto
• Kugira abantu bo mu muryango bakoraga asbesto
• Kwandura mbere ya 1980 ubwo amategeko atari akomeye
• Kudakoresha ibikoresho byo kwirinda mu gihe cyo kwandura
• Kunywa itabi, bishobora kongera ibibazo by'ibihaha bituruka kuri asbesto

Imyaka ikinisha uruhare, kuko abantu benshi barwaye asbestosis barengeje imyaka 65. Ibi biterwa n'uko indwara imara imyaka kugira ngo itere nyuma yo kwandura. Abagabo barwaye kurusha abagore, ahanini bitewe n'imikorere y'akazi mu myaka ishize.

Ni ibihe bibazo bishoboka bya asbestosis?

Asbestosis ishobora gutera ibibazo bikomeye by'ubuzima uko indwara itera. Inkovu mu bihaha byawe zishyira umutwaro ukomeye ku mutima wawe kandi zishobora kugira ingaruka ku bindi bice by'umubiri.

Dore ibibazo by'ingenzi ukwiye kumenya:

• Pulmonary hypertension (umuvuduko w'amaraso muri arteri y'ibihaha)
• Gucika intege kw'umutima, cyane cyane gucika intege kw'uruhande rw'iburyo rw'umutima
• Kanseri y'ibihaha, cyane cyane niba unywa itabi cyangwa waranyoye
• Mesothelioma, kanseri y'uruhu rw'ibihaha
• Gucika intege mu mihumeko mu bihe bikomeye
• Ibyago byiyongereye byo kwandura mu bihaha

Inkuru nziza ni uko, hamwe no kwitabwaho neza n'abaganga no guhindura imibereho, abantu benshi barwaye asbestosis bashobora gucunga ibimenyetso byabo no kugumana ubuzima bwiza mu myaka myinshi. Umuganga wawe azakukurikirana hafi kugira ngo amenye ibibazo hakiri kare.

Asbestosis imenyekanwa gute?

Kumenya asbestosis bitangira umuganga wawe akubaza amateka yawe y'akazi n'uburyo bwose bushoboka bwo kwandura asbesto. Iki kiganiro ni ingenzi kuko indwara isa n'izindi ndwara z'ibihaha mu bipimo.

Umuganga wawe ashobora gutegeka ibizamini byinshi kugira ngo yemeze uburwayi. X-ray y'igituza ishobora kwerekana inkovu mu bihaha byawe, nubwo ibimenyetso bya mbere bishobora kudasanzwe. CT scan itanga amashusho arambuye cyane kandi ishobora kumenya impinduka zitagaragara kuri X-ray zisanzwe.

Ibizamini byo gupima uko ibihaha bikora bipima uko ibihaha byawe bikora binyuze mu guhumeka mu mashini. Ibi bizamini bigaragaza niba ubushobozi bwawe bwo guhumeka bugabanutse n'uburyo uhindagura umwuka.

Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, umuganga wawe ashobora kugusaba biopsy y'ibihaha, aho igice gito cy'uruhu rw'ibihaha gisuzuma mikoroskopi. Ibi bishobora kwemeza neza utubutura twa asbesto mu bihaha byawe, nubwo atari ngombwa buri gihe kugira ngo hamenyekane uburwayi.

Ni iki kivura asbestosis?

Nta muti wa asbestosis uraboneka, ariko ubuvuzi bushobora gufasha gucunga ibimenyetso byawe no kugabanya iterambere ry'indwara. Intego ni ugufasha guhumeka neza no kugumana ubuzima bwiza.

Ubuvuzi bwawe bushobora kuba:

• Bronchodilators kugira ngo ufungure inzira z'ubuhumekero
• Oxygen therapy niba ogisijeni mu maraso yawe ari nke
• Pulmonary rehabilitation kugira ngo ukomeze imitsi yawe yo guhumeka
• Imiti irwanya ububabare kugira ngo igabanye ububabare mu bihaha
• Inkingo za grippe na pneumonia kugira ngo wirinde kwandura
• Gucunga ububabare mu gituza

Mu bihe bikomeye, gushimangira ibihaha bishobora kugenwa, nubwo ibi bisanzwe biba ku barwayi bakiri bato bafite indwara ikomeye. Ikipe yawe y'abaganga izakorana nawe kugira ngo ishake ubuvuzi bukubereye.

Uko wacunga asbestosis murugo

Kwita ku buzima bwawe murugo bigira uruhare runini mu gucunga ibimenyetso bya asbestosis. Impinduka nto mu buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi zishobora kugufasha guhumeka neza no kumva utekanye.

Niba unywa itabi, kureka ni ikintu cy'ingenzi cyane ushobora gukora. Itabi rikongera inkovu mu bihaha kandi ryongera cyane ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'ibihaha. Umuganga wawe ashobora kugufasha kubona gahunda zo kureka kunywa itabi n'imiti yorohereza kureka.

Kora imyitozo ngororamubiri mu rugero rwawe. Imikino yoroheje nko kugenda cyangwa koga bishobora kugufasha kugumana ubushobozi bwawe bwo guhumeka n'imbaraga muri rusange. Tangira buhoro buhoro kandi wiyongere uko wumva utekanye.

Wirinde kwandura mu mihumekero no gukaraba intoki kenshi no kwirinda ahantu hahuriye abantu benshi mu gihe cy'icyorezo cya grippe. Fata inkingo za grippe buri mwaka kandi ubaze umuganga wawe ku byerekeye inkingo za pneumonia.

Koresha ibikoresho byo gutunganya umwuka murugo kandi wirinde kwandura umukungugu, imiti, n'ibindi bintu bibabaza ibihaha. Tekereza kwambara agapfukamunwa mu gihe ukaraba cyangwa ukora ibikorwa bishobora kuzamura utubutura mu kirere.

Uko wakwitegura gusura umuganga

Kwitunganya gusura umuganga bigufasha kugira igihe gihagije cyo kuvugana nawe. Zana amateka yawe y'akazi arambuye, harimo imirimo yose aho ushobora kuba warahumetse asbesto, nubwo ari make.

Andika ibimenyetso byawe byose, igihe byatangiye, n'ibyabitera cyangwa ibyabigabanya. Harimo amakuru yerekeye ibibazo byawe byo guhumeka, nko kumenya niba bibaho mu gihe cyo kuruhuka cyangwa gusa mu gihe cy'imirimo.

Tanga urutonde rw'imiti yose ufata, harimo imiti yo mu maduka n'ibindi. Nanone, zana X-ray z'igituza cyangwa dosiye z'ubuvuzi zirebana n'ibibazo by'ibihaha.

Tegura ibibazo ku ndwara yawe, ubuvuzi, n'icyo witeze. Ntukabe ikibazo cyo kubaza ibyerekeye amatsinda y'ubufasha cyangwa ibikoresho by'abantu barwaye asbestosis mu karere kawe.

Icyingenzi kuri asbestosis

Asbestosis ni indwara ikomeye ariko ishobora kuvurwa y'ibihaha itera imyaka nyuma yo kwandura asbesto. Nubwo nta muti uraboneka, kumenya hakiri kare no kuvurwa neza bishobora kugufasha kugumana ubuzima bwiza no kugabanya iterambere ry'indwara.

Ikintu cy'ingenzi cyo kwibuka ni uko nturi wenyine muri uru rugendo. Hamwe no kwitabwaho neza n'abaganga, guhindura imibereho, n'ubufasha, abantu benshi barwaye asbestosis bakomeza kubaho neza.

Niba ufite amateka yo kwandura asbesto, ntutegereze ibimenyetso bigaragara mbere yo kuvugana n'umuganga wawe. Gusuzuma buri gihe bishobora gufasha kumenya indwara hakiri kare igihe ubuvuzi ari bwo bugira akamaro.

Ibibazo byakunda kubaho kuri asbestosis

Asbestosis irashobora gukira?

Oya, nta muti wa asbestosis uraboneka ubu. Ariko, ubuvuzi bushobora gufasha gucunga ibimenyetso, kugabanya iterambere ry'indwara, no kunoza ubuzima bwawe. Inkovu mu bihaha zibaho iteka, ariko hamwe no kwitabwaho neza n'abaganga, abantu benshi babaho neza bafite iyi ndwara imyaka myinshi.

Asbestosis imara igihe kingana iki itera nyuma yo kwandura?

Asbestosis isanzwe itera imyaka 20 kugeza kuri 40 nyuma yo kwandura asbesto bwa mbere. Uku gutinda niyo mpamvu abantu benshi bapimwa nyuma y'imyaka myinshi, nubwo kwandura kwabo byabaye imyaka myinshi mbere. Indwara itera buhoro buhoro, kandi ibimenyetso bishobora kugaragara gusa inkovu nyinshi mu bihaha zimaze kubaho.

Asbestosis yandura?

Oya, asbestosis ntiyandura. Ntushobora kuyikura ku muntu ufite iyo ndwara. Asbestosis itera gusa no guhumeka utubutura twa asbesto, ahanini binyuze mu kazi cyangwa mu kirere gifite ibikoresho birimo asbesto.

Nzahora mfite kanseri y'ibihaha niba mfite asbestosis?

Kugira asbestosis byongera ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'ibihaha, ariko ntibivuze ko uzayirwara. Ibyago ni byinshi cyane ku bantu banywa itabi cyangwa baranyoye. Kureka kunywa itabi no gukurikiza amabwiriza y'umuganga wawe yo gusuzuma buri gihe bishobora kugabanya ibyo byago cyane.

Nshobora gukomeza gukora niba mfite asbestosis?

Abantu benshi bafite asbestosis yoroheje bashobora gukomeza gukora, cyane cyane mu mirimo idasaba imbaraga nyinshi. Ariko, ugomba kwirinda kwandura asbesto cyangwa ibindi bintu bibabaza ibihaha. Umuganga wawe ashobora kugufasha kumenya urwego rw'imirimo rukubereye hashingiwe ku bushobozi bwawe bwo guhumeka n'ibimenyetso byawe.