Astigmatism ni iki? Ibimenyetso, Impamvu, n'Uburyo bwo kuyivura

Astigmatism ni ikibazo gisanzwe cy'ububasha bw'amaso aho ijisho ryawe ritahura umucyo neza, bigatuma ubona ibintu bitari byo cyangwa bituje ku ntera yose. Bibaho iyo cornea (igice cy'imbere cy'ijisho ryawe) cyangwa lentile ifite ishusho idahwitse, nk'umupira w'amaguru aho kuba umupira w'intoki.

Abantu bagera kuri 1 kuri 3 bafite astigmatism ku rugero runaka, bigatuma iba kimwe mu bibazo by'ububasha bw'amaso bikunze kugaragara. Inkuru nziza ni uko ishobora kuvurwa neza hakoreshejwe ibyuma byo kubona, lentile, cyangwa kubaga, kandi kugira astigmatism ntibisobanura ko ububasha bwawe bwazamuka uko iminsi igenda ishira.

Ibimenyetso bya Astigmatism ni ibihe?

Ikimenyetso nyamukuru cya astigmatism ni ukubona ibintu bitari byo cyangwa bituje bigira ingaruka ku bintu biri hafi n'ibiri kure. Bitandukanye no kubona hafi cyangwa kure, astigmatism ituma ibintu byose bigaragara nk'ibyambarwa cyangwa bikozwe aho kuba bitari byo gusa.

Ushobora kubona ibi bimenyetso bisanzwe ijisho ryawe rikorera cyane kugira ngo rikore amashusho meza:

• Kubona ibintu bitari byo ku ntera yose
• Umuntu wumva afite umunaniro mu maso, cyane cyane nyuma yo gusoma cyangwa gukoresha mudasobwa
• Umutwe ubona ububabare bwongera ubukana iyo ukora ibikorwa bisaba amaso
• Guhindisha amaso kugira ngo ubona neza
• Kugira ikibazo cyo kubona nijoro cyangwa mu mwijima
• Kubona ibintu bibiri mu jisho rimwe

Bamwe mu bantu bafite astigmatism ya make bashobora kutamenya ibimenyetso na gato. Ubwenge bwawe rimwe na rimwe bushobora gufasha kugabanya ubusembwa buke, niyo mpamvu ibizamini by'amaso bisanzwe ari ingenzi nubwo ubona ko ubona neza.

Mu bihe bidasanzwe, astigmatism ikomeye ishobora gutera ibimenyetso bikomeye nk'ubuvanguranyi bukomeye bw'amaso aho umurongo ugaragara nk'uwigurutse, cyangwa kugira ubukana bukabije bw'umucyo butuma ibikorwa bya buri munsi bigorana.

Ubwoko bwa Astigmatism ni ubuhe?

Astigmatism ifite uburyo butandukanye bushingiye aho ububasha butaboneka buri, n'uburyo bugira ingaruka ku bubasha bwawe. Gusobanukirwa ubwo bwoko bufasha gusobanura impamvu ibimenyetso byawe byihariye bishobora gutandukana n'iby'abandi.

Ubwoko busanzwe harimo:

• Astigmatism ya Cornea: Cornea ifite ishusho idahwitse
• Astigmatism ya Lentille: Lentille iri mu jisho ryawe ifite ububasha butaboneka
• Astigmatism isanzwe: Ibice by'imbere n'iby'inyuma biri ku ntera ya dogere 90
• Astigmatism idasanzwe: Ishusho y'ububasha butaboneka ntabwo imenyekana

Astigmatism isanzwe ni yo ikunze kugaragara kandi koroshye kuvura hakoreshejwe ibyuma byo kubona cyangwa lentile. Astigmatism idasanzwe, nubwo idakunze kugaragara, ishobora guterwa n'imvune z'amaso, indwara zimwe na zimwe z'amaso, cyangwa ingaruka ziterwa no kubaga amaso.

Hariho kandi ubwoko buke nk'iya keratoconus, aho cornea igenda igabanuka kandi ikaba nk'igitambaro, cyangwa pellucid marginal degeneration, igira ingaruka ku gice cyo hasi cya cornea. Izo ndwara zisaba uburyo bwihariye bwo kuvura.

Impamvu za Astigmatism ni izihe?

Astigmatism nyinshi ni uko amaso yawe yateye gusa, nk'uko ufite umusatsi w'umukara cyangwa amaso y'ubururu. Impamvu nyayo y'ubwo busembwa ntabwo imenyekana neza, ariko imico y'umuryango igira uruhare runini.

Impamvu nyamukuru harimo:

• Imigenge - ikunze kugaragara mu miryango
• Iterambere ry'amaso - ibaho kuva ku ivuka
• Imvune z'amaso zihindura ishusho ya cornea
• Indwara zimwe na zimwe z'amaso
• Ingaruka ziterwa no kubaga amaso

Bitandukanye n'ibyo benshi batekereza, astigmatism ntiterwa no gusoma mu mucyo muke, kwicara hafi ya televiziyo, cyangwa imyitwarire indi. Ibyo bikorwa bishobora kunanira amaso yawe by'agateganyo, ariko ntibihindura ishusho y'ijisho ryawe.

Zimwe mu mpamvu nke harimo keratoconus (kugabanuka kw'ububasha bwa cornea), pterygium (ububasha bw'umubiri ku jisho), cyangwa ibikomere biterwa n'indwara zikomeye z'amaso. Izo ndwara zishobora kuza nyuma y'imyaka myinshi kandi zishobora gutuma astigmatism ikomeza kwiyongera uko iminsi igenda ishira.

Ni ryari ukwiye kubona muganga kubera Astigmatism?

Ugomba gukora ibizamini by'amaso niba ufite ikibazo cyo kubona ibintu bitari byo, umutwe ukubabaza kenshi, cyangwa umunaniro w'amaso ubangamira ibikorwa bya buri munsi. Nubwo ibimenyetso bike ari byo, birakwiye kubigenzura, kuko kuvura hakiri kare bishobora gukumira umunaniro udakenewe kandi bikarushaho kunoza ubuzima bwawe.

Shaka ubufasha bw'abaganga vuba niba ubona impinduka zidasanzwe mu bubasha bwawe, ububabare bukomeye bw'amaso, cyangwa niba umurongo ugaragara nk'uwigurutse. Ibyo bishobora kugaragaza izindi ndwara zikomeye zikeneye kuvurwa vuba.

Ibizamini by'amaso bisanzwe birakenewe buri mwaka 1-2 ku bantu bakuru, nubwo nta bimenyetso ufite. Abantu benshi bafite astigmatism ya make batabizi, kandi kuyibona hakiri kare bifasha mu kuyigenzura neza no gukumira ingaruka.

Ku bana, banza urebe ibimenyetso nk'uguhindisha amaso, guhindagura umutwe kugira ngo babone neza, kugira ikibazo cyo gusoma, cyangwa kwitabaza kubona ibintu bitari byo. Kubona hakiri kare ku bana ni ingenzi kugira ngo iterambere ry'amaso rikorwe neza no kugira intsinzi mu mashuri.

Ibyago byo kurwara Astigmatism ni ibihe?

Ibintu byinshi bishobora kongera amahirwe yawe yo kurwara astigmatism cyangwa kuyongera uko iminsi igenda ishira. Gusobanukirwa ibyo byago bigufasha kumenya igihe ukwiye kwita cyane ku buzima bw'amaso.

Ibyago nyamukuru harimo:

• Amateka y'umuryango afite astigmatism cyangwa ibindi bibazo by'amaso
• Kuvuka imburagihe cyangwa kuvuka ufite ibiro bike
• Amateka y'imvune z'amaso cyangwa ibikomere
• Indwara zimwe na zimwe z'amaso nka keratoconus
• Kubaga amaso mbere
• Uko umuntu ateye - bimwe mu matsinda afite umubare munini

Kugira ibyago ntibihamya ko uzahura na astigmatism, kandi abantu benshi badafite ibyago na gato bagifite iyo ndwara. Ikintu cy'ingenzi ni ugukomeza kwita ku buzima bw'amaso utabarenganya urwego rw'ibyago.

Ibyago bike harimo indwara zimwe na zimwe z'imico, allergie zikomeye z'amaso zitera gukorakora amaso kenshi, cyangwa ibyago byo mu kazi bikomeza gushyira amaso yawe mu kaga cyangwa ibintu byangiza.

Ingaruka zishoboka za Astigmatism ni izihe?

Astigmatism itabonye ubuvuzi ntabwo ikunze gutera ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima, ariko ishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi n'ibyishimo. Ibibazo nyamukuru bivuka mu maso yawe akora cyane kugira ngo agabanye kubona ibintu bitari byo.

Ingaruka zisanzwe ziterwa no kutavura astigmatism harimo:

• Umunaniro w'amaso udashira
• Umutwe ubona ububabare udashira
• Gukora ikibazo cyo gutwara ijoro
• Kugabanuka kw'umusaruro mu ishuri cyangwa mu kazi
• Ibyago byiyongereye byo kugira impanuka kubera kubona nabi

Ku bana, astigmatism itabonye ubuvuzi ishobora gutera amblyopia (ijisho ritagira imbaraga) niba rimwe mu maso rifite astigmatism ikomeye kurusha irindi. Ibyo bishobora gutera ibibazo by'amaso byahoraho niba bitavuwe mu bwana.

Ingaruka zikomeye ni nke ariko zishobora kuba harimo iterambere ry'ibibazo by'amaso by'inyongera cyangwa kongera kuba nabi kw'indwara ziriho nka keratoconus, bishobora gusaba uburyo bwo kuvura bukomeye.

Astigmatism imenyekanwa ite?

Astigmatism imenyekanwa hakoreshejwe ibizamini byuzuye by'amaso hakoreshejwe ibizamini bitabangamira bigereranya uburyo amaso yawe ahura n'umucyo. Muganga wawe w'amaso azakoresha ibikoresho byihariye kugira ngo apime ishusho nyayo n'ububasha bwa cornea yawe.

Uburyo bwo kuvura busanzwe harimo:

• Ibizamini byo kubona hakoreshejwe ikarita y'amaso
• Keratometry yo gupima ububasha bwa cornea
• Ibizamini byo kubona kugira ngo umenye imiti yawe nyayo
• Corneal topography kugira ngo upime neza cornea
• Ibizamini bya slit-lamp kugira ngo urebe ubuzima bw'amaso muri rusange

Ibyo bizamini ni byihuse kandi byoroshye, bisanzwe bifata iminota 30-60 muri rusange. Muganga wawe ashobora kandi gukoresha amavuta mu maso yawe kugira ngo abone neza imiterere y'amaso yawe.

Ku bintu bigoye cyangwa bakeka ko ari astigmatism idasanzwe, ibizamini by'inyongera nka wavefront analysis cyangwa corneal tomography bishobora kuba bikenewe kugira ngo bakore ishusho yuzuye y'igice cy'amaso yawe.

Uburyo bwo kuvura Astigmatism ni ubuhe?

Astigmatism ivurwa neza hakoreshejwe uburyo butandukanye bufatika bushobora gusubiza ububasha bwiza, bwiza. Muganga wawe w'amaso azagutegurira uburyo bwiza bushingiye ku rugero rwa astigmatism, imibereho yawe, n'ibyo ukunda.

Uburyo nyamukuru bwo kuvura harimo:

• Ibyuma byo kubona: Uburyo busanzwe kandi bufatika bwo kuvura
• Lentile: Lentile za Toric zakozwe ku giti cyawe kugira ngo zivure astigmatism
• Kubaga amaso: LASIK, PRK, cyangwa ubundi buryo bwo guhindura ishusho ya cornea
• Orthokeratology: Lentile zidasanzwe zo kwambara nijoro zigabanya ububasha bwa cornea by'agateganyo

Ibyuma byo kubona ni byoroshye cyane, bikoresha lentile z'ububasha butaboneka zigabanya ububasha butaboneka bw'amaso yawe. Lentile zishobora gutanga ububasha bwiza kandi bwiza kandi zikaba nziza ku bantu bakora cyane.

Ku bantu bafite astigmatism ikomeye cyangwa idasanzwe, uburyo bwihariye nka lentile zikomeye za gaz, lentile zivanze, cyangwa gusimbuza cornea mu bihe bikomeye bishobora kuba bikenewe. Ibyo bintu bisaba uburyo bwihariye bwo gukora no gukurikirana.

Uburyo bwo kuvura Astigmatism mu rugo ni ubuhe?

Nubwo udashobora gukiza astigmatism mu rugo, hari uburyo butandukanye bushobora kugabanya umunaniro w'amaso kandi bugatuma ibikorwa bya buri munsi birushaho koroshye mu gihe ukora hamwe na muganga wawe w'amaso ku buryo bwo kuvura.

Dore impanuro z'ingenzi zo kuvura mu rugo:

• Koresha umucyo uhagije mu gihe usoma cyangwa ukora imirimo isaba amaso
• Fata akaruhuko kenshi ukoresheje amabwiriza ya 20-20-20
• Komeza intera ikwiye hagati y'ibitabo n'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga
• Komeza ibyuma byawe byo kubona cyangwa lentile byiza kandi byiza
• Koresha amavuta y'amaso niba amaso yawe yumye
• Kwirinda gukorakora amaso, bishobora kongera astigmatism idasanzwe

Kwita ku buzima bw'amaso neza harimo kumesa intoki mbere yo gukorakora amaso no gusimbuza lentile nk'uko muganga wawe w'amaso abitegetse. Ibyo bintu byoroshye bishobora gukumira ingaruka kandi bikagumishaho kuvura amaso yawe bikora neza.

Niba ubona impinduka zidasanzwe mu bubasha bwawe cyangwa umunaniro w'amaso wiyongereye, ntukagerageze kubigenzura wenyine. Banza uhamagare muganga wawe w'amaso kugira ngo akore ibizamini bikwiye n'impinduka mu buryo bwo kuvura.

Uko wakwitegura igihe ugiye kwa muganga

Kwitunganya mbere yo kujya kwa muganga bifasha kugira ngo ubone ubuvuzi bukwiye n'uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura. Gutegura gato bishobora gutuma uruzinduko rwawe rworoshye kandi rufatika.

Mbere y'uruzinduko rwawe:

• Andika ibimenyetso byawe n'igihe bibaho
• Zana ibyuma byawe byo kubona cyangwa lentile
• Andika imiti yose n'ibindi ukoresha
• Kora urutonde rw'amateka y'ubuzima bw'amaso y'umuryango wawe
• Tegura ibibazo ku buryo bwo kuvura
• Tegura uburyo bwo kujyayo niba amaso yawe azakurura

Niba wambara lentile, muganga wawe ashobora kukusaba guhindura ibyuma byo kubona iminsi mike mbere y'ikizamini. Ibyo bituma cornea yawe isubira mu ishusho yayo isanzwe kugira ngo hafatwe ibizamini byiza.

Ntukabe ikibazo cyo kubaza ibibazo ku ndwara yawe, uburyo bwo kuvura, ibiciro, cyangwa ibyo uhangayikishijwe. Gusobanukirwa indwara yawe n'ibyiza byo kuvura bigufasha gufata ibyemezo byiza ku bijyanye no kwita ku maso yawe.

Icyo ukwiye kumenya kuri Astigmatism

Astigmatism ni ikibazo gisanzwe cyane kandi kivurwa neza cy'amaso gikomeza abantu benshi ku isi. Ikintu cy'ingenzi cyo kwibuka ni uko kugira astigmatism ntibisobanura ko uzahora ufite ibibazo by'amaso cyangwa ibibazo bikomeye by'amaso.

Hamwe no kuvura neza no kuvura, abantu benshi bafite astigmatism bashobora kubona neza, bikabagirira akamaro mu bikorwa byabo bya buri munsi. Ukoresheje ibyuma byo kubona, lentile, cyangwa kubaga, uburyo bwo kuvura bugezweho ni bufatika kandi butekanye.

Ibizamini by'amaso bisanzwe biguma ari cyo kintu cyiza cyo kwirinda ibibazo by'amaso, nubwo wumva ko ubona neza. Kubona hakiri kare no kuvura astigmatism bishobora gukumira umunaniro udakenewe w'amaso kandi bikagufasha kugumana ububasha bwiza ubuzima bwawe bwose.

Wibuke ko astigmatism atari indwara cyangwa ikimenyetso cyo kwangirika kw'amaso. Ni uburyo butandukanye bw'uko ijisho ryawe rihura n'umucyo, kandi rigenzurwa neza hamwe no kwita neza no kuvura.

Ibibazo bikunze kubaho kuri Astigmatism

Q: Astigmatism ishobora kuba mbi uko iminsi igenda ishira?

Astigmatism ishobora guhinduka uko iminsi igenda ishira, ariko ntibikunze kuba bibi. Abantu benshi bafite astigmatism ihoraho mu myaka yabo y'ubukure. Ariko kandi, zimwe mu ndwara nka keratoconus cyangwa imvune z'amaso zishobora gutuma iba mbi. Ibizamini by'amaso bisanzwe bifasha mu gukurikirana impinduka iyo ari yo yose no guhindura uburyo bwo kuvura uko bikwiye.

Q: Astigmatism irakomoka mu muryango?

Yego, astigmatism ikunze kugaragara mu miryango. Niba ababyeyi bawe cyangwa bene wanyu bafite astigmatism, ufite amahirwe menshi yo kuyirwara nawe. Ariko kandi, imico y'umuryango si yo gusa igira uruhare, kandi abantu benshi barwara astigmatism batagira amateka y'iyo ndwara mu muryango.

Q: Nshobora kwambara lentile zisanzwe niba mfite astigmatism?

Lentile zisanzwe ntabwo zivura astigmatism neza. Ukeneye lentile za toric, zakozwe ku giti cyawe kugira ngo zivure ububasha butaboneka. Muganga wawe w'amaso ashobora kumenya ubwoko bwiza bwa lentile bukubereye.

Q: Astigmatism itera umutwe?

Yego, astigmatism itabonye ubuvuzi ikunze gutera umutwe kubera umunaniro w'amaso. Iyo amaso yawe akora cyane kugira ngo abone neza, bishobora gutera umutwe, cyane cyane nyuma yo gusoma, gukoresha mudasobwa, cyangwa ibindi bikorwa bisaba amaso. Kuvura neza ububasha bw'amaso bisanzwe bikuraho uwo mutwe.

Q: Astigmatism ishobora gukumirwa?

Kubera ko astigmatism nyinshi ibaho kuva ku ivuka kubera iterambere ry'amaso, ntabwo ishobora gukumirwa. Ariko kandi, ushobora kwirinda astigmatism iterwa n'imvune ukoresheje ibyuma byo kwirinda mu mikino cyangwa ibikorwa byangiza, no kwirinda gukorakora amaso cyane bishobora kongera astigmatism idasanzwe.