Atelectasis ni iki? Ibimenyetso, Impamvu, n'Uko Ivurwa

Atelectasis ibaho iyo igice cy'umwijima wawe gipfukama cyangwa kikadoda neza, kimwe n'umupira utuzuzwa umwuka. Iyi ndwara ibaho iyo utubuto duto two mu muwijima wawe (bitwa alveoli) tudafite umwuka cyangwa tuzuzwa amazi aho kuba umwuka.

Nubwo bishobora kuba bitetse, atelectasis ni ikintu gisanzwe kandi kenshi kivurwa. Ishobora kugira ingaruka ku gice gito cy'umwijima wawe cyangwa ibice binini, kandi abantu benshi barayibona batanabizi, cyane cyane nyuma y'igihe cy'ubuganga cyangwa mu gihe barwaye.

Ibimenyetso bya atelectasis ni ibihe?

Ibimenyetso ubona biterwa ahanini n'ingano y'umwijima wawe wagizweho ingaruka n'uburyo byihuse byateye. Ibice bito byapfukama bishobora kutazigira ibimenyetso byagaragaye.

Iyo ibimenyetso bigaragaye, umubiri wawe uba ukubwira ko ukora cyane kugira ngo ubone umwuka ukeneye. Dore ibimenyetso byo kwitondera:

• Kugira ikibazo cyo guhumeka cyangwa guhumeka nabi, cyane cyane mu gihe ukora imyitozo
• Kubabara mu gituza bishobora kuba bibabaza cyane iyo ukohose cyangwa ufashe amashyiramo akomeye
• Ukohose kudasiba, ari bwo buryo umubiri wawe ugerageza kongera gufungura ibice byapfukama
• Guhumeka vuba, guke, kuko umubiri wawe ugerageza gusubiza ubushobozi buke bw'umwijima
• Kumva unaniwe cyangwa ufite intege nke, kuko umubiri wawe utabona umwuka uhagije

Mu bihe bikomeye, ushobora kubona uruhu rwawe cyangwa iminwa yawe ifite ibara ry'ubururu, ibyo bikaba bigaragaza ko urwego rw'umwuka wawe rugabanutse. Iki ni ikimenyetso cyumubiri wawe kigaragara ko ukeneye ubufasha bw'abaganga vuba.

Ubwoko bwa atelectasis ni ubuhe?

Atelectasis ifite uburyo butandukanye, buri bwo bufite uburyo bwayo bw'ibanze. Gusobanukirwa ubwo bwoko bufasha gusobanura impamvu iyi ndwara itera kandi bigatuma hakorwa uburyo bwiza bwo kuyivura.

Ubwoko busanzwe ni atelectasis iterwa no gufunga inzira y'umwuka, ibaho iyo ikintu cyabujije inzira y'umwuka. Tekereza nk'umusego ufunze - umwuka ntushobora kunyuramo kugira ngo uzuze icyo gice cy'umwijima. Icyo kibazo gishobora kuba imyanda, ikinyabutabire, cyangwa ikintu cyinjira mu mwijima.

Atelectasis idafunze inzira y'umwuka ibaho idafite ikibazo cy'umubiri. Ahubwo, ibintu nk'umuvuduko uva hanze y'umwijima, kubura surfactant (ikintu gituma utubuto two mu mwijima dukomeza gufungura), cyangwa inkovu bituma upfukama. Ubwo bwoko busanzwe buza nyuma y'ubuganga cyangwa mu bantu baba bamaze igihe kinini baryamye.

Atelectasis iterwa no gukanda ibaho iyo ikintu gitsinda umwijima wawe uva hanze, nka amazi mu gituza cyangwa umutima munini. Umuvuduko wo hanze ukomereza imikaya y'umwijima, bikabuza kwaguka neza.

Atelectasis iterwa n'iki?

Atelectasis itera iyo inzira isanzwe yo kuzuza umwijima umwuka ihungabanye. Imwijima yawe ikoreshwa kugira ngo ikomeze kuzura binyuze mu mibanire y'umuvuduko w'umwuka n'umuvuduko wo ku mpera, kandi ibintu bitandukanye bishobora guhungabanya iyo mibanire.

Ubuganga ni kimwe mu bintu bisanzwe bitera, cyane cyane ibikorwa bikoresha anesthésie rusange. Mu gihe cy'ubuganga, guhumeka kwawe kuba guke, kandi kubabara nyuma bishobora gutuma utinya gufata amashyiramo akomeye cyangwa ukohose neza. Ibi bituma habaho uburyo bwiza bwo gupfukama ibice bito by'umwijima.

Indwara z'ubuhumeke zikunze gutera atelectasis. Dore ibyo bikunze kuyitera:

• Ubwinshi bw'imyanda iterwa n'indwara nka pneumonia, bronchitis, cyangwa cystic fibrosis
• Ibinyabutabire bikura bikagera aho bifunga inzira y'umwuka
• Ibintu byinjira mu mwijima, bikunze kugaragara mu bana ariko bishobora kubaho mu myaka yose
• Imvune mu gituza zituma amazi cyangwa umwuka bihuza hafi y'imwijima
• Kuryama igihe kirekire, cyane cyane mu bantu bakuze cyangwa abarwaye cyane

Gake, imiti imwe ihagarika guhumeka, indwara z'imitsi zifunga imitsi yo guhumeka, cyangwa ibibazo byavutse bavuka bishobora gutera atelectasis. Ikintu nyamukuru ni icyo cyose kibabuza umwijima kwaguka neza cyangwa gukuraho imyanda mu nzira y'umwuka.

Ni ryari ukwiye kubona umuganga kubera atelectasis?

Ukwiye gushaka ubufasha bw'abaganga niba ufite ikibazo cyo guhumeka cyihuse cyangwa gikomeye, cyane cyane niba gifatanije n'ububabare mu gituza. Ibyo bimenyetso bisaba ko hakorwa isuzuma vuba kugira ngo hamenyekane icyabiteye n'uburyo bwiza bwo kuyivura.

Hamagara muganga wawe ako kanya niba ubona uruhu rwawe cyangwa iminwa yawe ihinduka ubururu, kuko bigaragaza ko urwego rw'umwuka wawe rugabanutse cyane. Kimwe n'ibyo, niba uvuye mu buvuzi ukagira ibibazo bishya byo guhumeka cyangwa ukohose kudasiba, ntuzategereze - ibyo bishobora kuba ibimenyetso byambere bya atelectasis.

Ku bantu bafite ibibazo by'imwijima, impinduka ikomeye mu bimenyetso bisanzwe bikwiye kubona ubufasha bw'abaganga. Muganga wawe azi uko ubaho kandi ashobora kumenya vuba iyo ikintu nk'atelectasis gishobora kuba kiri gutera.

Ibyago byo kurwara atelectasis ni ibihe?

Ibintu bimwe na bimwe bigutera kwibasirwa na atelectasis, nubwo ufite ibyo byago ntibibuza ko uzayirwara. Kubyumva bigufasha wowe n'itsinda ry'ubuvuzi ryawe gufata ingamba zo kwirinda igihe bishoboka.

Imyaka igira uruhare runini, abana bato cyane n'abakuze cyane bafite ibyago byinshi. Mu bana, inzira nto z'umwuka zituma gufunga inzira byoroshye, mu gihe abakuze bashobora kugira imitsi yo guhumeka idakomeye kandi uburyo bwo gukohoka budakora neza.

Ibikorwa by'ubuvuzi n'ibibazo bigira ingaruka ku guhumeka byagira ibyago byinshi:

• Ubuvuzi bwabaye vuba, cyane cyane ubuvuzi bw'igituza cyangwa igifu
• Kuryama igihe kirekire cyangwa kudakora
• Indwara z'imwijima zidakira nka asma, COPD, cyangwa bronchiectasis
• Kubyibuha, bishobora gutuma gufata amashyiramo akomeye bigorana
• Kunywa itabi, bikangiza imikaya y'umwijima kandi bikongera imyanda
• Imiti ihagarika guhumeka cyangwa gukohoka

Indwara zimwe na zimwe zongera uko uhangayitse. Indwara z'imitsi zifunga imitsi yo guhumeka, ibibazo by'igituza, cyangwa indwara zisaba kuvura imiti yo guhumeka byose byongera ibyago byo kurwara atelectasis.

Ingaruka zishoboka za atelectasis ni izihe?

Nubwo ibintu byinshi bya atelectasis bikira bitagize ingaruka zirambye, ingaruka zishobora kubaho niba iyi ndwara ikomeza cyangwa igira ingaruka ku bice binini by'umwijima wawe. Gusobanukirwa ibyo bishoboka bifasha gushimangira akamaro ko kuvurwa neza no kugenzura.

Ikibazo cya mbere ni kugabanuka kw'umwuka mu maraso yawe, bikaba bigira ingaruka ku mutima wawe kugira ngo utange umwuka mu mubiri wawe wose. Iyo ngufu nyinshi ishobora kuba ikibazo cyane niba ufite ibibazo by'umutima.

Amazi ni ikindi kibazo gikomeye, kuko imikaya y'umwijima yapfukama ihinduka ahantu bakteria bashobora gukura. Dore ibyo bishobora kubaho:

• Pneumonia mu bice by'umwijima byagizweho ingaruka
• Ibisebe by'imwijima niba indwara zikomeye
• Kudakora neza kw'ubuhumeke mu bihe bikomeye
• Inkovu zirambye z'umwijima niba upfukama igihe kirekire

Mu bihe bitoroshye, atelectasis idakira ishobora gutera bronchiectasis, indwara aho inzira z'umwuka ziguma zigurumana kandi zangirika. Ibi bituma habaho ikibazo aho indwara zikunze kubaho kandi imikorere y'umwijima igabanuka buhoro buhoro igihe kinini.

Atelectasis imenyekanwa gute?

Kumenya atelectasis bisanzwe bitangira muganga wawe yumvise imwijima yawe akoresheje stethoscope. Yumva amajwi make cyangwa adahari mu bice aho umwijima wawe ushobora kuba wapfukama.

X-ray y'igituza ni isuzumwa rya mbere rya muganga wawe azategeka, kuko ishobora kwerekana ibice by'umwijima byapfukama kandi ifasha kumenya ingano y'ikibazo. Ibice byapfukama bigaragara nk'ibyera cyangwa bikomeye kuri X-ray, bitandukanye n'ishusho isanzwe y'umwijima wuzuye umwuka.

Niba amakuru arambuye akenewe, muganga wawe ashobora kugutegeka ibizamini byongeyeho. CT scan itanga amashusho meza kandi ifasha kumenya icyabiteye, nka tumo cyangwa imyanda ifunze inzira y'umwuka.

Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, bronchoscopy ishobora kuba ikenewe - ibi bikubiyemo gushyiramo umusego muto, woroshye ufite camera binyuze mu mazuru yawe cyangwa akanwa kugira ngo urebe inzira z'umwuka. Iki gikorwa ntikifasha gusa mu isuzuma ahubwo gishobora no kuvura niba hari ikibazo gikenewe gukurwaho.

Uburyo bwo kuvura atelectasis ni ubuhe?

Kuvura atelectasis byibanda ku kongera gufungura imikaya y'umwijima yapfukama no guhangana n'icyayiteye. Uburyo bwihariye biterwa n'icyo gitera atelectasis yawe n'ingano y'umwijima wawe wagizweho ingaruka.

Ku bintu biterwa no gufunga inzira y'umwuka, intego nyamukuru ni ugufasha gukuraho imyanda neza. Ibi bishobora kuba physiotherapy y'igituza, aho umuganga w'ubuhumeke akoresha uburyo bwihariye kugira ngo afashe gukuraho no kugerageza imyanda kugira ngo ushobore kuyikuraho neza.

Gahunda yawe yo kuvura ishobora kuba irimo uburyo butandukanye:

• Imikino yo guhumeka cyane na incentive spirometry kugira ngo itere umwijima kwaguka
• Imiti yo kugabanya imyanda no kuyoroha kuyikuraho
• Bronchoscopy yo gukuraho ibintu bifunze inzira y'umwuka igihe ubundi buryo budakora
• Uburyo bwo guhumeka bwa positive pressure kugira ngo bifashe kongera kuzura ibice byapfukama
• Kuvura indwara ziterwa nka infection cyangwa tumors

Mu bihe bikomeye, muganga wawe ashobora kugutegeka continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) cyangwa ibindi bikoresho byo gufasha guhumeka kugira ngo bifashe kugumisha inzira z'umwuka zifunguye kandi byongere kwaguka kw'umwijima.

Uko wakwitwara murugo ufite atelectasis

Kwitwara neza murugo bigira uruhare runini mu kuvura atelectasis no kuyirinda kongera kubaho. Ikintu nyamukuru ni ukugira isuku nziza y'imwijima no gukurikiza amabwiriza yihariye ya muganga wawe ku mimerere yawe.

Imikino yo guhumeka cyane ni ikintu cy'ingenzi cyane murugo. Gerageza gufata amashyiramo maremare buri saha uba wibutse, ufate buri shyiramo igihe gito mbere yo guhumeka buhoro. Ibi bifasha kugumisha utubuto two mu mwijima dufunguye kandi bikabuza gupfukama.

Niba muganga wawe yagutegetse incentive spirometer, ikoresha buri gihe nkuko yabitegetse. Iki gikoresho gitanga amakuru yo kugufasha gufata amashyiramo akomeye kandi gishobora kuba ingirakamaro cyane nyuma y'ubuganga cyangwa mu gihe ukiri kuvurwa indwara z'ubuhumeke.

Kuguma ukora imyitozo mu rwego rw'ubushobozi bwawe bifasha atelectasis kudakomeza kubaho. Nubwo ibikorwa byoroshye nko kugenda mu rugo rwawe cyangwa gukora imyitozo myoroshye bishobora gufasha kugumisha imwijima yawe yaguka kandi ikora neza.

Uburyo bwiza bwo kuryama na bwo ni ingenzi - irinda kuryama igihe kirekire niba bishoboka. Kwicara cyangwa guhindura imyanya buri gihe bifasha ibice bitandukanye by'imwijima yawe kwaguka neza.

Uko wakwitegura ku muganga

Kwitunganya mbere yo kujya kwa muganga bifasha kugira ngo ubone isuzuma ryiza n'uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura. Tangira wandike ibimenyetso byawe byose, harimo igihe byatangiye n'icyo biba byiza cyangwa bibabaza.

Kora urutonde rwuzuye rw'imiti yawe, harimo imiti yo mu maduka n'ibindi, kuko bimwe bishobora kugira ingaruka ku guhumeka cyangwa gutera atelectasis. Bandika kandi ubuvuzi bwabaye vuba, igihe wari mu bitaro, cyangwa indwara z'ubuhumeke wari ufite.

Zana urutonde rw'ibibazo ushaka kubabaza muganga. Tekereza kubabaza icyateye atelectasis yawe, uburyo bwo kuvura buhari, n'icyo ugomba kwitega mu gihe cyo gukira.

Niba bishoboka, zana umuntu wo mu muryango wawe cyangwa inshuti ishobora kugufasha kwibuka amakuru y'ingenzi yavuzwe mu gihe cy'isuzumwa. Kugira ubufasha bishobora kandi kugabanya impungenge ku ndwara yawe.

Icyingenzi kuri atelectasis

Atelectasis ni indwara isanzwe kandi ikunda kuvurwa aho igice cy'umwijima wawe gipfukama cyangwa kikadoda neza. Nubwo bishobora gutera ubwoba, ibintu byinshi bikira neza bivuwe neza kandi ntibigira ibibazo birambye.

Ikintu nyamukuru mu kuvura neza ni ukumenya hakiri kare no kuyivura neza. Niba ufite ibibazo byo guhumeka, ububabare mu gituza, cyangwa ukohose kudasiba, cyane cyane nyuma y'ubuganga cyangwa mu gihe urwaye, ntutinye gushaka ubufasha bw'abaganga.

Ukoresheje uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura no kwitabira kuvurwa kwawe, harimo imikino yo guhumeka cyane no gukurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga wawe, abantu benshi barwaye atelectasis barakira neza kandi bagaruka mu buzima busanzwe bw'imikorere y'imwijima.

Ibibazo byakunda kubazwa kuri atelectasis

Atelectasis ishobora gukira yonyine?

Ibice bito bya atelectasis rimwe na rimwe bikira bitavuwe, cyane cyane niba icyabiteye ari icy'igihe gito nko gufunga inzira y'umwuka. Ariko, ibintu byinshi bigira akamaro mu kuvurwa kugira ngo birinde ingaruka kandi bibe byiza. Muganga wawe ashobora kumenya niba uko uri ukeneye kuvurwa cyangwa ushobora gukurikiranwa neza.

Atelectasis ni kimwe no gupfukama kw'umwijima?

Atelectasis ni ubwoko bwo gupfukama kw'umwijima, ariko bitandukanye n'icyo abaganga bita pneumothorax (gupfukama kw'umwijima wose). Atelectasis ikubiyemo gupfukama igice cy'imikaya y'umwijima kubera inzira z'umwuka zifunze cyangwa ibindi bintu byo imbere, mu gihe pneumothorax ibaho iyo umwuka winjira mu kibaya kiri hafi y'umwijima. Zombi zigira ingaruka ku guhumeka ariko zifite impamvu zitandukanye n'uburyo bwo kuvura.

Birama igihe kingana iki gukira atelectasis?

Igihe cyo gukira gitandukanye bitewe n'icyabiteye n'ingano y'umwijima wagizweho ingaruka. Ibintu bito bishobora gukira mu minsi mike cyangwa ibyumweru bivuwe neza, mu gihe atelectasis ikomeye ishobora gufata ibyumweru cyangwa amezi. Umuvuduko wo gukira kwawe uterwa n'ibintu nka ubuzima bwawe rusange, imyaka, n'uko ukurikiza amabwiriza yo kuvura nka imikino yo guhumeka.

Kunywanya itabi bishobora gutera atelectasis?

Yego, kunywa itabi byongera cyane ibyago byo kurwara atelectasis. Kunywa itabi bikangiza ubwoya buto buri mu nzira z'umwuka bufasha gukuraho imyanda, bigatuma habaho imyanda myinshi ishobora gufunga inzira z'umwuka. Nanone bigabanya ubushobozi bw'umubiri wawe bwo kurwanya indwara, bishobora gutera indwara ziterwa na atelectasis. Kureka kunywa itabi ni kimwe mu bintu byiza ushobora gukora kugira ngo wirinde iyi ndwara.

Nzakenera ubuvuzi kubera atelectasis?

Ubuvuzi buke bukunze kuba ngombwa kuri atelectasis kandi busanzwe bugenewe ibintu aho ubundi buryo budakora cyangwa hari ikibazo cy'ubwubatsi. Ibintu byinshi bikira neza bitavuwe nk'imikino yo guhumeka, physiotherapy y'igituza, cyangwa bronchoscopy yo gukuraho ibintu bifunze inzira z'umwuka. Muganga wawe azasuzumira uburyo bwose bworoheje mbere yo gutekereza ku buvuzi.