Umuhumeko mu kigero cy’umutima (Atrial Septal Defect) : Ibimenyetso, Intandaro, n’Ubuvuzi

Umuhumeko mu kigero cy’umutima (ASD) ni umwobo uri ku rukuta rutandukanya ibyumba bibiri byo hejuru by’umutima wawe. Uru rukuta, ruzwi nka septum, rusanzwe rutuma amaraso akungahaye kuri ogisijeni aba ibumoso atandukanye n’amaraso adafite ogisijeni ahagije aba iburyo.

Iyo ufite ASD, amaraso amwe ava mu kigero cy’ibumoso ajya mu kigero cy’iburyo binyuze muri uwo mwobo. Ibi bivuze ko umutima wawe ugomba gukora cyane kugira ngo utere amaraso mu mwijima no mu mubiri wawe. Inkuru nziza ni uko abantu benshi bafite ASD nto babaho ubuzima busanzwe rwose, kandi izikomeye zishobora kuvurwa neza.

Umuhumeko mu kigero cy’umutima (Atrial Septal Defect) ni iki?

Umuhumeko mu kigero cy’umutima ni ukubana kw’ibyumba bibiri byo hejuru by’umutima bidakwiye kubaho. Tekereza ko ari idirishya ritakingiye neza mu gihe cy’iterambere ry’umutima mbere y’ivuka.

Umutima wawe ufite ibyumba bine - bibiri byo hejuru byitwa atria na bibiri byo hasi byitwa ventricles. Septume ikora nk’urukuta rukomeye hagati y’ibumoso n’iburyo. Iyo hari ASD, uru rukuta rugira umwobo utemera ko amaraso avangavanaga hagati y’ibyumba.

Iyi ndwara ibaho kuva ku ivuka, bituma abaganga bayita indwara y’umutima yavutse. Ni imwe mu ndwara z’umutima zisanzwe, igaragara kuri umwe muri buri bana 1.500 bavutse.

Ni izihe ngero z’umuhumeko mu kigero cy’umutima?

Hari ubwoko butandukanye bwa ASD, kandi bwoherezwa hashingiwe aho umwobo uherereye muri septum. Aho uherereye ni ingenzi kuko bigira ingaruka ku buryo ubu burwayi bushobora kugira ingaruka ku mutima wawe n’uburyo bwo kuvura bukora neza.

Dore ubwoko nyamukuru ukwiye kumenya:

• Secundum ASD: Uyu ni wo muco utandukanye cyane, uherereye hagati mu gice cy’igice cy’umutima. Igira uruhare rwa hafi 70% bya ASD zose kandi ikunda kugira ibyiza byiza.
• Primum ASD: Iherereye hepfo mu gice cy’igice cy’umutima, uyu muco ni muke ariko ushobora gufatanya n’ibibazo mu mivuno y’umutima.
• Sinus venosus ASD: Iboneka hejuru mu gice cy’igice cy’umutima, uyu muco udasanzwe rimwe na rimwe uhuzwa n’imiterere idasanzwe y’imitsi igarura amaraso mu mutima.
• Coronary sinus ASD: Umuco udasanzwe, uherereye aho umutsi wa coronary (umutsi ukomoka ku gice cy’umutima) uhura n’icyumba cy’iburyo cy’umutima.

Buri muco ushobora gusaba uburyo butandukanye bwo kugenzura cyangwa kuvura. Muganga wawe azakoresha ibizamini byo kubona kugira ngo amenye neza umuco ufite kandi akore gahunda y’ubuvuzi ikwiye.

Ibimenyetso by’uburwayi bwa atrial septal defect ni ibihe?

Abantu benshi bafite ASD nto nta bimenyetso na mba bagira kandi bashobora kutamenya ko bafite iyo ndwara kugeza igihe iboneka mu isuzuma rya buri munsi. Ariko kandi, ibibazo bikomeye cyangwa ibyateye ibibazo igihe kinini bishobora gutera ibimenyetso bigaragara.

Ibimenyetso ushobora kugira bishobora gutandukana bitewe n’ingano y’ikibazo n’ingano y’akazi umutima wawe ukora. Dore ibyo ugomba kwitondera:

• Guhumeka nabi: By’umwihariko mu gihe cy’imikino cyangwa imyitozo ngororamubiri, kuko umutima wawe uhangana no guha umubiri wawe umwuka uhagije
• Umunaniro cyangwa umunaniro ukabije: Ushobora kumva unaniwe kurusha igihe cyose, nubwo ukora ibikorwa bisanzwe bya buri munsi
• Indwara z’ubuhumekero zikunze kugaragara: Nka pneumonia cyangwa bronchitis, kuko amaraso menshi ajya mu mwijima bishobora gutuma urwara byoroshye
• Igisigo cy’umutima: Kumva ko umutima wawe uri gukubita cyane, cyangwa udakubita neza
• Kubyimbagira: By’umwihariko mu birenge, mu maguru, cyangwa mu birenge, bibaho iyo umutima utaremeza amaraso neza
• Ukuze gake mu bana: Abana bafite ASD nini bashobora kutakura cyangwa kutamera neza

Ni ngombwa gusobanukirwa ko ibimenyetso bikunze kutaboneka kugeza mu bukure, nubwo hari ubumuga buciriritse. Bamwe mu bantu batangira kubona ibimenyetso mu myaka 30, 40, cyangwa nyuma iyo umutima utangiye kugaragaza ibimenyetso by’akazi kenshi umaze gukora imyaka myinshi.

Ese iki gitera atrial septal defect?

Atrial septal defects itera mu ntangiriro z’inda iyo umutima w’umwana wawe uri gukura. Impamvu nyamukuru ntisobanuka neza, ariko bibaho iyo uburyo busanzwe bw’iterambere ry’umutima budakurikizwa neza.

Mu byumweru 8 bya mbere byo gutwita, umutima utangira nk’umuyoboro ugororotse hanyuma ugahita uhinduka umutima ufite ibyumba bine. Septume itera nk’uko umubiri ukura kugira ngo utandukanye impande y’ibumoso n’iy’iburyo. Rimwe na rimwe, uyu mubiri ntukura neza cyangwa mu buryo bukwiye, ugasiga umwobo.

Ibintu byinshi bishobora kugira uruhare muri uyu mucyo, nubwo kugira ibyo bibazo ntibihamya ko umwana wawe azagira ASD:

• Impamvu z’impyiko: ASD zishobora kugaragara mu miryango, bigaragaza ko hari igice cy’impyiko.
• Ubuzima bw’umubyeyi: Ibiyobyabwenge bimwe na bimwe mu gihe cyo gutwita, diyabete, cyangwa lupus mu mubyeyi.
• Imiti: Imiti imwe n’imwe yandikiwe mu gihe cyo gutwita hakiri kare, cyane cyane imiti imwe n’imwe y’indwara zifata ubwonko.
• Ukoresha inzoga cyangwa ibiyobyabwenge: Ukoresha ibiyobyabwenge mu gihe cyo gutwita bishobora kugira ingaruka ku iterambere ry’umutima.
• Uburwayi bw’impyiko: Ibintu nka sindwome bishobora kuba bifitanye isano n’umubare munini w’uburwayi bw’umutima.

Ariko rero, mu bihe byinshi, ASD zibaho ku bushake nta kintu na kimwe kizwi cyaziteye. Ntabwo ari ikintu wakoze cyangwa utakoze mu gihe cyo gutwita - ni uko umutima watangiye gukura muri ibyo byumweru byambere by’ingenzi.

Ni ryari ukwiye kubona muganga kubera atrial septal defect?

Wagomba kuvugana na muganga wawe niba ufite ibimenyetso bishobora kugaragaza ikibazo cy’umutima, cyane cyane niba ari bishya cyangwa bikomeye. Kumenya hakiri kare bishobora gufasha kumenya niba ufite ASD cyangwa ikindi kibazo gikenewe kuvurwa.

Shaka ubufasha bw’abaganga niba ubona guhumeka bigoranye bitari bisanzwe kuri wowe, cyane cyane niba bibaho mu bikorwa bisanzwe wari usanzwe ukora utabigoye. Kwumva unaniwe buri gihe bitakira n’ikiruhuko ni ikindi kimenyetso gikomeye ukwiye kuganiraho n’umuganga wawe.

Dore imimerere yihariye ukwiye gushyiraho gahunda yo kubonana na muganga:

• Guhumeka nabi bitasobanuwe: By’umwihariko niba bikomeje kuba bibi cyangwa bikabaho mu gihe cy’imikoro micye ugereranyije n’ibyo wakoraga mbere
• Kubabara mu gituza cyangwa kudatuza: Ubwo buribwe bwose mu gituza bugomba gusuzuma, cyane cyane niba bujyanye n’imikoro
• Guhumeka cyane kw’umutima: Niba wumva umutima wawe uhagaze cyane, ukubita nabi, cyangwa ugenda uhindagurika kenshi
• Kubyimbagira: Kubyimbagira gishya mu birenge, mu maguru, mu birenge, cyangwa mu nda
• Indwara z’ubuhumekero zikunze kubaho: Niba ufite pneumonia cyangwa bronchitis kenshi ugereranyije n’uko byari bisanzwe
• Amateka y’umuryango: Niba ufite amateka y’umuryango afite ibibazo by’umutima byavutse wavutse kandi utarigenzuwe

Niba ufite ububabare bukomeye mu gituza, guhumeka nabi cyane, cyangwa gucika intege, shaka ubufasha bw’abaganga byihuse. Ibyo bishobora kuba ibimenyetso by’ingaruka zikomeye zisaba ubuvuzi bwihuse.

Ni ibihe bintu byongera ibyago byo kugira atrial septal defect?

Kubera ko ASD ari indwara zivuka ziterwa n’imiterere y’umubiri mbere y’uko umwana avuka, ibintu byongera ibyago biganisha ku bintu bishobora kugira ingaruka ku iterambere ry’umutima mu gihe cyo gutwita. Gusobanukirwa ibyo bintu bishobora gufasha gusobanura impamvu bamwe mu bana bavuka bafite ASD, nubwo imibare myinshi iba idafite impamvu isobanuka.

Ibintu byongera ibyago bigabanyijemo ibice bitandukanye, kandi kuba ufite kimwe cyangwa birebire ntibisobanura ko umwana wawe azagira ASD. Dore ibyo ubushakashatsi bugaragaza:

• Amateka y’umuryango: Kugira umubyeyi cyangwa umuvandimwe ufite ikibazo cy’umutima kivuka kizamuka ibyago
• Indwara zikomoka ku mbaraga: Sindwome na bindi bimenyetso by’indwara byo mu mubiri bifitanye isano n’ibyago byinshi by’ubumuga bw’umutima
• Imyaka y’umubyeyi: Abagore barengeje imyaka 40 bafite ibyago bike byo kubyara abana bafite ubumuga bw’umutima
• Ubuzima bw’umubyeyi: Diabete, lupus, cyangwa phenylketonuria (PKU) ku mubyeyi
• Amazi yanduye mu gihe cyo gutwita: Rubella (igicurane cy’Abadage) mu mezi atatu ya mbere bishobora kugira ingaruka ku iterambere ry’umutima
• Imiti ikoreshwa: Imiti imwe n’imwe yo kurwanya indwara zifata ubwonko, imiti imwe n’imwe yo kuvura acne, na lithium mu gihe cyo gutwita
• Ikoreshwa ry’ibiyobyabwenge: Kunywa inzoga cyangwa gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge bitemewe mu gihe cyo gutwita

Bikwiye kumenyeshwa ko ASDs ari nyinshi mu bagore kurusha abagabo, nubwo abaganga bataramenya neza impamvu. Iyi ndwara isa n’ifite igice cy’imbaraga, kuko ishobora kuba mu miryango, ariko uburyo bwo kuzaragwa ntibumvikana.

Ni iki gishobora kuba ingaruka mbi z’ubumuga bwa atrial septal?

ASDs nto ntabwo zikunze gutera ingaruka mbi kandi zishobora kutazigera zikenera kuvurwa. Ariko kandi, ibibazo bikomeye cyangwa ibyo bitavuwe imyaka myinshi bishobora gutera ibibazo kuko umutima wawe n’ibihaha byawe bikora cyane uko iminsi igenda.

Ingaruka mbi zikura gahoro gahoro, akenshi imyaka myinshi, niyo mpamvu bamwe batabona ibibazo kugeza bakuze. Gusobanukirwa ibyo bibazo bishoboka bishobora kugufasha gukorana na muganga wawe kugira ngo ubikumire cyangwa ubigenzure neza.

Dore ingaruka mbi nyamukuru ugomba kumenya:

• Kubura kw’umutima iburyo: Amaraso menshi atuma uruhande rw’iburyo rw’umutima rwakira akazi kenshi, bikarutera gukura no kubyimbagira
• Umuvuduko ukabije w’amaraso mu mwijima: Amaraso menshi ajya mu mwijima ashobora kongera umuvuduko w’amaraso mu mitsi y’amaraso y’imwijima
• Uburwayi bw’umutima: Imiterere y’umutima idahwitse, cyane cyane atrial fibrillation, iragenda yiyongera uko umuntu akura
• Gucika intege kw’umutima: Mu gihe kinini, akazi kenshi gashobora kugabanya ubushobozi bw’umutima bwo gutera amaraso neza
• Ibyago byo kugira umwijima: Ibice by’amaraso bishobora kunyura muri ASD bikajya mu bwonko
• Sindwome ya Eisenmenger: Indwara idakunze kugaragara ariko ikomeye aho umuvuduko mwinshi w’amaraso mu mwijima uhindura imiterere y’amaraso anyura mu kibazo

Inkuru nziza ni uko ibyinshi muri ibyo bibazo bishobora kwirindwa hakoreshejwe ubugenzuzi n’ubuvuzi bikwiye. Gukurikirana buri gihe na karidiyoloji yawe bifasha kubona impinduka zose hakiri kare, igihe zishobora kuvurwa neza.

Uburyo bwo kwirinda atrial septal defect?

Kubera ko ASD ari indwara z’umutima zivuka, ziterwa n’ikibazo cyabaye mu gihe cyo gutwita, nta buryo bwo kuzirinda buhamye. Ariko rero, hari intambwe ushobora gutera mbere y’inda ndetse no mu gihe cyo gutwita kugira ngo ugabanye ibyago byo kugira indwara z’umutima zivuka muri rusange.

Icyo tugomba kwitaho ni ukugira ubuzima bwiza mu gihe cyo gutwita no kwirinda ibyago bizwi aho bishoboka. Ibi byose bituma umwana atwitwa neza, harimo no gutera kw’umutima mu byumweru byambere by’ingenzi.

Dore intambwe zo kwirinda zishobora kugufasha:

• Fata aside folike: Tangira gufata mikirogaramu 400 buri munsi byibuze ukwezi kumwe mbere yo kugerageza gusama, ukabikomeza no mu gihe utwite.
• Genzura indwara zidakira: Kora uko ushoboye kugira ubuzima bwiza, ugenzure diabete, umuvuduko w’amaraso uri hejuru n’izindi ndwara mbere yo gutwita no mu gihe utwite.
• Irinde ibintu byangiza: Ntukore, ntunywe inzoga, cyangwa ntukoreshe ibiyobyabwenge mu gihe utwite.
• Suzuma imiti: Ganira na muganga wawe kuri buri miti n’imiti y’inyongera mbere yo gutwita.
• Kingira: Kora inkingo zose, cyane cyane iz’igituntu, mbere yo gutwita.
• Komereza ku kurema umubiri ukomeye: Kugira umubiri ukomeye mbere yo gutwita bigabanya ibyago bitandukanye.
• Inama ku mbaraga: Tekereza ku nama niba ufite amateka y’uburwayi bw’umutima mu muryango.

Niba usanzwe ufite ASD, kwirinda kwibanda ku kwirinda ingorane binyuze mu kwitabwaho kwa muganga buri gihe, kuguma ufite imbaraga nk’uko muganga wawe abikugira inama, no kuvura vuba indwara zifitanye isano.

Uko icyuho cya atrial septal kivugururwa

Kuvura ASD bikunze gutangira muganga wawe yumvise ijwi ritamenyerewe ryitwa umuvuduko w’umutima mu isuzuma rusanzwe. Uyu muvuduko uterwa n’amaraso atembera mu buryo budasanzwe binyuze mu cyuho, nubwo atari byose ASD ziterwa n’umuvuduko w’amaraso ushobora kumvikana.

Rimwe na rimwe ASD ziboneka igihe uri gusuzuma ibimenyetso nk’uburabwo bw’umwuka cyangwa umunaniro. Mu bindi bihe, biboneka mu buryo butunguranye mu bipimo byakozwe ku mpamvu zindi, nko gusuzuma amafoto y’iberekezo cyangwa echocardiogram yakozwe ku ndwara itandukanye.

Muganga wawe azakoresha ibizamini byinshi kugira ngo yemeze uburwayi kandi yumve ibintu byihariye by’uburwayi bwawe:

• Echokardiyografi: Iyi ultrasound y’umutima wawe niyo isuzuma nyamukuru ikoreshwa mu kumenya indwara ya ASD. Igaragaza ubunini n’aho ibyago biri, ndetse n’umwimerere w’amaraso uyinyuramo.
• X-ray y’ibituza: Ishobora kwerekana niba umutima wawe ari munini cyangwa niba hari impinduka mu mpyiko zawe ziterwa n’amaraso menshi.
• Electrocardiogram (ECG): Inyandiko y’imikorere y’amashanyarazi y’umutima wawe kugira ngo igenzure ibibazo by’umuvuduko cyangwa ibimenyetso byo kwiyongera kw’umutima.
• Cardiac catheterization: Ntibikenewe cyane mu isuzuma, ariko rimwe na rimwe ikoreshwa mu kupima umuvuduko mu mutima wawe no mu mpyiko.
• CT cyangwa MRI scan: Bishobora gukoreshwa kugira ngo ubone amashusho arambuye y’imiterere y’umutima wawe, cyane cyane niba hagiye gukorwa igikorwa cy’ubuganga.
• Transesophageal echocardiogram: Uburyo bwa ultrasound buca mu mazuru yawe kugira ngo ubone amashusho meza y’umutima wawe.

Uburyo bwo kuvura busanzwe buboroheye kandi nta kuribwa. Umuganga wawe uzakoresha izi isuzuma kugira ngo amenye niba ufite ASD, ubunini bwayo, ubwoko bwayo, ndetse niba itera ibibazo bikeneye kuvurwa.

Ubuvuzi bw’indwara ya Atrial Septal Defect ni bwoki?

Ubuvuzi bwa ASD biterwa n’ibintu byinshi, birimo ubunini bw’ikibazo, niba ufite ibimenyetso, n’uko umutima wawe usubiza akazi k’umurengera. ASD nto zidatera ibibazo akenshi ntizikenera kuvurwa uretse gukurikiranwa buri gihe.

Umuganga wawe azakorana nawe kugira ngo amenye uburyo bwiza bushingiye ku mimerere yawe. Intego ni ukwirinda ingaruka mbi mugihe ukomeza ubuzima bwawe, kandi abantu benshi bafite ASD babana ubuzima busanzwe neza hamwe no gucunga neza.

Dore amahitamo nyamukuru yo kuvura ariho:

• Gutegereza no gukurikirana: Gukurikirana buri gihe hakoreshejwe echocardiograms niba ASD ari nto kandi idatera ibimenyetso
• Imiti: Imiti yo gucunga ibimenyetso nka gukomanga kw’umutima cyangwa gucika intege kw’umutima, nubwo idafunga icyuho
• Gusiba hakoreshejwe catheter: Uburyo buke cyane bwo kubaga aho igikoresho gifunga gishyirwa mu mubiri binyuze mu mubiri w’amaraso kugira ngo gifunge icyuho
• Gusana hakoreshejwe ubuvuzi: Kubaga umutima kugira ngo hafungwe icyuho hakoreshejwe agatambaro cyangwa hakozwe ububaka
• Uburyo buhuriweho: Uburyo buhuriweho bukoresha uburyo bwa catheter n’uburyo bwo kubaga

Igihe cyo kuvura ni ingenzi. ASD nyinshi ubu zifungwa mbere y’uko ibimenyetso bigaragara niba ari nini cyangwa hagati, kuko ibi bishobora gukumira ingaruka mbi mu gihe kizaza. Muganga wawe azisuzuma ibintu nka kuba warigeze ukura, ubuzima bwawe muri rusange, n’imiterere yihariye y’icyo kibazo cyawe mu gihe agutegurira uburyo bwo kuvura.

Nigute wakwita kuri atrial septal defect iwawe?

Kwita kuri ASD iwawe byibanda ku kugumana ubuzima bwiza muri rusange no gukurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga wawe. Kuri benshi bafite ASD nto, ibi bishobora gusobanura gusa kubaho ubuzima busanzwe, bukora cyane, no kujya gukorerwa isuzuma buri gihe.

Icyingenzi ni ugukorana n’itsinda ry’abaganga bawe kugira ngo umenye ibikorwa bikubereye kandi ibimenyetso ukwiye kwitondera. Abantu benshi bafite ASD bashobora kwitabira imyitozo ngororamubiri isanzwe n’ibikorwa, nubwo muganga wawe ashobora kugira inama zihariye zishingiye ku mimerere yawe.

Dore uko ushobora kwita ku buzima bwawe iwawe:

• Komeza kugira ubuzima bukora: Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe nk’uko muganga wawe abyemeje bigufasha kugumana umutima n’ibihaha byiza
• Irinda indwara z’umutima: Fata imbuto, imboga, ibinyampeke byuzuye, na poroteyine nke, ugatinda umunyu n’amavuta yuzuye
• Fata imiti nk’uko yagenewe: Niba ufashe imiti y’umutima, ifate ukurikije amabwiriza
• Kora isuzuma ry’ibimenyetso byawe: Kora isuzuma ry’impinduka zose mu mbaraga zawe, guhumeka, cyangwa ibindi bimenyetso
• Kwirinda kwandura: Kora isuku nziza kandi ube uri ku rwego rwiza rw’inkingo, cyane cyane izirinda indwara z’ubuhumekero
• Genzura umunaniro: Koresha uburyo bwo kuruhuka, gusinzira bihagije, no gucunga umunaniro
• Kwirinda itabi: Ntukore itabi kandi wirinda itabi rya kabiri, kuko bishobora kurushaho kuba bibi ku mutima n’ibihaha

Bamwe mu bantu bafite ASDs bagomba gufata antibiotike mbere y’ubuvuzi runaka bw’amenyo cyangwa ubundi buvuzi kugira ngo birinde kwandura. Muganga wawe azakumenyesha niba ibi bikukurikiranye kandi aguhe amabwiriza yihariye.

Wategura gute uruzinduko rwawe kwa muganga?

Gutegura uruzinduko rwawe bigufasha kugira ngo ubone ibyiza byinshi mu gihe cyawe hamwe na karidiyolojiya. Zana urutonde rw’ibimenyetso byawe by’ubu, imiti, n’ibibazo byose ufite ku kibazo cyawe cyangwa uburyo bwo kuvura.

Birafasha gutekereza ku bimenyetso byawe mbere y’igihe kandi ube witeguye kubisobanura neza. Muganga wawe azashaka kumenya igihe byatangiye, icyabirushaho cyangwa icyabirinda, n’uburyo bigira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi.

Dore ibyo ugomba gutegura mbere y’uruzinduko rwawe:

• Igitabo cy’ibimenyetso: Andika ibimenyetso byose wabonye, igihe byabaye, n’ibyo wakoraga icyo gihe
• Urutonde rw’imiti: Zana imiti yawe yose ukoresha ubu, harimo n’imiti ugura udafite resept na vitamine
• Amateka y’umuryango: Amakuru yerekeye ibibazo by’umutima cyangwa izindi ndwara mu muryango wawe
• Ibisubizo by’ibizamini byakozwe: Ibizamini by’umutima byose, ama rayons X, cyangwa andi makuru y’ubuvuzi akenewe
• Amakuru y’ubwisungane: Amakarita yawe y’ubwisungane n’ibindi byangombwa byose
• Urutonde rw’ibibazo: Andika ibibazo ufite ku bijyanye n’uburwayi bwawe, uburyo bwo kuvurwa, cyangwa inama zijyanye n’ubuzima bwawe

Teganya kuzana umuntu wo mu muryango wawe cyangwa inshuti kugira ngo aguhe ubufasha kwibuka amakuru akomeye yavuzwe mu gihe cy’isura. Ntugatinye kubwira muganga wawe gusobanura ikintu cyose utumva - bashaka ko umenya neza uburwayi bwawe n’uburyo bwo kubuvura.

Ni iki gikomeye wakura mu kumenya ibyerekeye uburwayi bwa atrial septal defect?

Ikintu gikomeye cyo kumenya ku bijyanye na ASDs ni uko ari uburwayi buvurwa neza, kandi abantu benshi babufite babayeho ubuzima busanzwe kandi bwiza. Nubwo igitekerezo cyo kugira umwobo mu mutima gishobora gutera ubwoba, ubuvuzi bw’iki gihe bufite uburyo bwiza bwo kugenzura no kuvura ibi bimenyetso iyo bibaye ngombwa.

ASDs nto akenshi ntizigira uburyo bwo kuvurwa kandi zishobora kutazagira n’ibimenyetso mu buzima bwawe bwose. Izindi nini zishobora kuvurwa neza hifashishijwe uburyo buto cyangwa kubagwa, bigatuma usubira mu mirimo yawe nyuma.

Ikintu nyamukuru cyo gucunga ASD neza ni ugukorana n’itsinda ry’abaganga bawe no gukurikiza inama zabo ku bijyanye no kugenzura no kuvura. Kusuzuma buri gihe bifasha kwemeza ko impinduka zose zafashwe hakiri kare, kandi ingaruka nyinshi zishobora kwirindwa hakoreshejwe ubuvuzi bukwiye.

Wibuke ko kugira ASD ntibigena ubuzima bwawe cyangwa ngo bigabanye ubushobozi bwawe. Ufashijwe n’ubuvuzi bukwiye, ushobora gukurikirana intego zawe, ukaguma ukorera umubiri, kandi ukagira ubuzima bwiza mu myaka myinshi iri imbere.

Ibibazo bikunze kubaho ku kibazo cy’umwenge mu gice cy’umutima (atrial septal defect)

Ese ushobora kubaho ubuzima busanzwe ufite atrial septal defect?

Yego, abantu benshi bafite ASD babaho ubuzima busanzwe rwose. Ibibazo bito bikunze kutazana ibimenyetso cyangwa ibibazo, kandi n’ibikomeye bishobora kuvurwa neza. Abantu benshi bakora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe, bagira imirimo, kandi barera imiryango nta mbogamizi zihariye zijyanye na ASD yabo.

Icyingenzi ni ugukorana na karidiyoloji yawe kugira ngo umenye uko ibintu byihariye bihagaze kandi ukakurikiza inama zabo zo kugenzura cyangwa kuvura. Ufashijwe n’ubuvuzi bukwiye, ASD ntigomba kugira ingaruka ku mibereho yawe cyangwa igihe cy’ubuzima.

Ese ASD yanjye izakinga yonyine?

ASD zimwe nto zishobora gukingira ukwazo mu bwana, cyane cyane izi nto kurusha mm 3-4. Ariko, ASD zikigaragara nyuma y’imyaka 2-3 ntabwo zishobora gukingira ukwazo kandi zishobora kuguma uko zimeze cyangwa zikagura uko igihe gihita.

Muganga wawe azakurikirana ASD yawe akoresheje echocardiograms buri gihe kugira ngo arebe niba ihinduka ubunini. Nubwo itakinga ukwayo, ASD nyinshi nto ntizisaba kuvurwa uretse kureba uko igiye.

Ese imyitozo ngororamubiri ikora neza niba mfite atrial septal defect?

Abantu benshi bafite ASD bashobora gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri neza kandi bashishikarizwa kuguma bakora umubiri. Imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe ifitiye akamaro umutima wawe n’imibereho yawe muri rusange. Ariko, ibikorwa byihariye bikora neza kuri wowe biterwa n’ubunini bwa ASD yawe niba itera ibimenyetso.

Umuganga wawe w’umutima ashobora kugusaba gukora ikizamini cyo gusuzuma uko umutima wawe ukorana n’imikino. Ashingiye ku byavuye muri icyo kizamini, ashobora kuguha amabwiriza yihariye yerekeye imikino ikwiriye kandi niba ukeneye ibindi bintu byabuza.

Mbese nkeneye imiti ya antibiyotike mbere y’uko ngenda kwa muganga w’amenyo?

Abantu benshi bafite ASD ntibakenera imiti ya antibiyotike mbere yo kujya kwa muganga w’amenyo. Amabwiriza ya none agaragaza ko gukoresha imiti ya antibiyotike ari ngombwa ku bantu bafite ibyago byinshi byo kwandura indwara zikomeye, bikunze kuba ku bantu bafite ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bw’imiti y’umutima cyangwa abagize indwara z’umutima mbere.

Ariko rero, amabwiriza ashobora guhinduka, kandi uko uhagaze bishobora kuba bitandukanye. Buri gihe, menya ubaze umuganga wawe w’umutima niba ukeneye imiti ya antibiyotike mbere yo kujya kwa muganga w’amenyo cyangwa izindi serivisi z’ubuvuzi.

Ese abagore bafite ASD bashobora kubyara nta kibazo?

Abagore benshi bafite ASD bashobora gutwita no kubyara nta kibazo. Ariko rero, gutwita bisaba umutima wawe imbaraga nyinshi, bityo rero, ni ngombwa ko mbere yo gutwita uganira n’umuganga wawe w’umutima n’umuganga w’abagore.

Abaganga bawe bashobora kugusaba gukingira ASD nini mbere yo gutwita niba itera ibimenyetso cyangwa ikagira ingaruka ku mutima. Bazakurinda cyane mu gihe cyo gutwita kugira ngo bohereze ko wowe n’umwana wawe mukomeza kugira ubuzima bwiza mu gihe cyose cyo gutwita.