Icyo Uburwayi bwa Atrioventricular Canal Defect ari cyo? Ibimenyetso, Intandaro, n’Ubuvuzi

Uburwayi bwa Atrioventricular canal defect ni uburwayi bw’umutima umwana avukana, aho inkuta zigabanya ibyumba by’umutima zidahamye neza. Ibi bituma habaho ubusa hagati y’ibyumba byo hejuru n’ibyo hasi by’umutima, bigatuma amaraso avangavanaga mu gihe bitagomba kubaho.

Ubu burwayi bugira ingaruka ku buryo amaraso acura mu mutima w’umwana, ibyo bishobora gutuma umutima ukora cyane kurusha uko bikwiye. Nubwo byumvikana bibi, abana benshi bafite ubu burwayi babaho ubuzima buzira umuze, bakora ibikorwa byinshi, bafashwe neza n’abaganga.

Icyo Uburwayi bwa Atrioventricular Canal Defect ari cyo?

Uburwayi bwa Atrioventricular canal defect buvaho iyo imyanya igomba kugabanya ibyumba bine by’umutima idakura neza mu gihe cyo gutwita. Aho kuba hari inkuta zihamye hagati y’ibyumba, habaho ubusa butuma amaraso acura aho atari akwiye kujya.

Umutima wawe ufite ibyumba bine - ibyo hejuru bibiri bitwa atria n’ibyo hasi bibiri bitwa ventricles. Ubusanzwe, amaraso adafite ogisijeni aba ku ruhande rw’iburyo naho amaraso afite ogisijeni aba ku ruhande rw’ibumoso. Kuri ubu burwayi, amaraso avangavanaga hagati y’uruhande rumwe n’urundi, ibyo bishobora gutuma umubiri wawe utabona amaraso ahagije afite ogisijeni.

Ubu burwayi buzwi kandi nka atrioventricular septal defect cyangwa endocardial cushion defect. Ni bumwe mu burwayi buterwa n’uburangare bw’umutima bugoranye, bisobanura ko buva ku ivuka kandi bugira ingaruka ku bice byinshi by’imiterere y’umutima.

Ni Izihe Nyito z’Uburwayi bwa Atrioventricular Canal Defect?

Hariho ubwoko bubiri nyamukuru bw’ubu burwayi bw’umutima, kandi gusobanukirwa ubwoko bw’uburwayi buri ku mwana wawe bifasha abaganga gutegura uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura.

Uburwayi bwa Atrioventricular canal defect butuzuye bugizwe n’ubusa buri ku rukuta ruri hagati y’ibyumba bibiri byo hejuru by’umutima. Amavalvule y’umutima acunga amaraso ashobora kuba afite ishusho idasanzwe, ariko akaba agikomeza kuba atandukanye. Ubu bwoko busanzwe butera ibimenyetso bike kandi bishobora kutamenyekana kugeza umwana akuruye.

Uburwayi bwa Atrioventricular canal defect buhamye bugoranye cyane, bufite ubusa ku rukuta ruri hagati y’ibyumba byo hejuru n’ibyo hasi. Amavalvule y’umutima na yo arateranye, akaba umuvalvule umwe munini aho kuba ibiri atandukanye. Ubu bwoko busanzwe butera ibimenyetso hakiri kare mu buto kuko amaraso avangavanaga cyane.

Bamwe mu bana bagira icyo abaganga bita ishusho y’ahantu hagati cyangwa iy’inzira y’ahantu hagati, iri hagati y’ubwo butuzuye n’ubwo buhamye. Umuganga w’umutima w’abana azamenya ubwoko umwana wawe afite akoresheje ibizamini byihariye by’umutima n’amashusho.

Ni Izihe Ntambara z’Uburwayi bwa Atrioventricular Canal Defect?

Ibimenyetso umwana wawe agaragaza biterwa n’uburemere bw’uburwayi n’uburyo amaraso avangavanaga mu mutima we. Bamwe mu bana bagaragaza ibimenyetso hakiri kare, abandi bashobora kutagaragaza ibimenyetso bigaragara mu mezi cyangwa imyaka.

Dore ibimenyetso bisanzwe ababyeyi babona mu bana bato n’abana bakiri bato:

• Gukomerwa no kurya, abana bakaruha vuba mu gihe cyo kunywa cyangwa kunywa mu icupa
• Kugira ibiro bike nubwo bafite ubushake bwo kurya, kuko umutima ugomba gukora cyane
• Guhumeka cyane cyangwa bigoye, cyane cyane mu gihe cy’imikino cyangwa kurya
• Ibara ry’ubururu ku minwa, iminwa, cyangwa uruhu, cyane cyane mu gihe cyo kurira cyangwa gukora imikino
• Kunyara cyane mu gihe cyo kurya cyangwa gukora imikino yoroheje
• Indwara z’ubuhumekero cyangwa pneumonia kenshi
• Uburwayi cyangwa kugaragara nk’abana badafite imbaraga kurusha abandi bana b’imyaka yabo

Uko abana bakura, ushobora kubona ko badashobora gukurikirana bagenzi babo mu mikino. Bashobora gukenera kuruhuka kenshi cyangwa kwirinda ibikorwa bibatera guhumeka nabi.

Bamwe mu bana bafite ubwoko buke bw’ubu burwayi bashobora kutagaragaza ibimenyetso bigaragara kugeza igihe bageze mu kigero cy’abana bato cyangwa abana biga. Niyo mpamvu isuzuma rya buri gihe ry’abana ari ingenzi cyane - muganga wawe ashobora kubona ibimenyetso by’umutima cyangwa ibindi bimenyetso bito mu isuzuma rya buri gihe.

Icyateye Uburwayi bwa Atrioventricular Canal Defect?

Ubu burwayi bw’umutima buva mu byumweru umunani bya mbere byo gutwita igihe umutima w’umwana wawe uba ukiri gukura. Impamvu nyamukuru ntisobanuka neza, ariko bibaho iyo imyanya igomba kugabanya ibyumba by’umutima idakura neza muri icyo gihe cy’ingenzi.

Ibyinshi bibaho ku bushake nta kintu cyihariye cyabiteye cyangwa igikorwa cy’ababyeyi kibiteye. Ni ingenzi kumva ko nta kintu wakoze cyangwa utakoreye mu gihe cyo gutwita cyateye ubu burwayi - ni uko umutima w’umwana wawe wakuriye gusa.

Ariko rero, hari ibintu bimwe na bimwe bishobora kongera ibyago byo kuba ubu burwayi bwakubaho:

• Uburwayi bw’imiterere, cyane cyane Down syndrome, buhuriweho na 40-50% by’uburwayi bwa atrioventricular canal defects
• Amateka y’umuryango afite uburwayi bw’umutima buva ku ivuka
• Imiti imwe na imwe ifatwa mu gihe cyo gutwita hakiri kare
• Diabete y’umubyeyi itaravuwe neza mu gihe cyo gutwita
• Indwara z’umubyeyi mu gihe cyo gutwita hakiri kare, nka rubella
• Kunywisha inzoga cyane mu gihe cyo gutwita

Nubwo ibyo byago biriho, abana benshi bavuka bafite imitima isanzwe. Benshi mu burwayi bwa atrioventricular canal defects buva mu miryango idafite amateka y’ibibazo by’umutima.

Ni Ryari Ukwiye Kubona Muganga kubera Uburwayi bwa Atrioventricular Canal Defect?

Niba ubona ibimenyetso bikubabaza bijyanye n’ubuhumekero bw’umwana wawe, kurya, cyangwa imbaraga, bihora byiza ko abajyanwa kwa muganga vuba aho gutegereza. Izera icyo umutima wawe nk’umubyeyi ukubwira - uzi umwana wawe kurusha undi.

Hamagara muganga wawe vuba niba umwana wawe agaragaza ibimenyetso byose ibi bikurikira:

• Gukomeza guhumeka nabi cyangwa guhumeka cyane, cyane cyane mu gihe aruhuka
• Ibara ry’ubururu ku minwa, mu maso, cyangwa ku minwa
• Kurya nabi no kunanirwa cyane mu gihe cyo kurya
• Kunanirirwa kugira ibiro nubwo afite ubushake bwo kurya
• Uburwayi budasanzwe cyangwa kudakurikirana ibikorwa bisanzwe
• Indwara z’ubuhumekero kenshi

Hamagara serivisi z’ubutabazi ako kanya niba umwana wawe agira ikibazo gikomeye cyo guhumeka, agahinduka umweru cyangwa umuhondo cyane, cyangwa akagaragara nk’umunaniwe kandi adasubiza. Ibyo bishobora kuba ibimenyetso by’uko umutima we udashobora gutera amaraso neza ngo uhuze n’ibyo umubiri we ukeneye.

Wibuke ko kubona uburwayi hakiri kare no kuvura bigira ingaruka nziza cyane. Abana benshi bafite ubu burwayi bakora neza iyo bafashwe neza n’inzobere mu mitima y’abana.

Ni Izihe Ngamba z’Ibyago by’Uburwayi bwa Atrioventricular Canal Defect?

Nubwo ibyinshi bibaho ku bushake, hari ibintu bimwe na bimwe bishobora kongera amahirwe y’uko umwana avukana ubu burwayi bw’umutima. Gusobanukirwa ibyo byago bishobora kugufasha kumenya icyo witeze kandi igihe gukurikirana hafi bishobora kuba ngombwa.

Ikintu gikomeye cyane cy’ibyago ni Down syndrome, kuko hafi kimwe cya kabiri cy’abana bafite ubu burwayi bw’imiterere kandi bafite uburwayi bwa atrioventricular canal defects. Niba umwana wawe afite Down syndrome, itsinda ry’abaganga rizakurikirana umutima we hafi cyane kuva ku ivuka.

Ibindi bintu bishobora kongera ibyago birimo:

• Amateka y’umuryango afite uburwayi bw’umutima buva ku ivuka mu babyeyi cyangwa abavandimwe
• Imyaka y’umubyeyi irengeje 35 mu gihe cyo gutwita
• Diabete idakozwe neza mu mubyeyi mu gihe cyo gutwita
• Uburwayi bw’imiterere runaka uretse Down syndrome
• Kugira imiti runaka mu gihe cyo gutwita hakiri kare
• Indwara z’umubyeyi nka rubella mu mezi atatu ya mbere yo gutwita

Ni ingenzi kwibuka ko kugira ibyago ntibisobanura ko umwana wawe azagira icyo kibazo. Abana benshi bavuka ku babyeyi bafite ibyago byinshi bafite imitima isanzwe, abandi badafite ibyago bashobora kugira uburwayi bw’umutima.

Ni Izihe Ngaruka zishoboka z’Uburwayi bwa Atrioventricular Canal Defect?

Utabonye ubuvuzi bukwiye, ubu burwayi bw’umutima bushobora gutera ingaruka zikomeye uko igihe kigenda. Ariko, ubufasha bw’abaganga n’ubuganga igihe bikenewe, ibyinshi muri izo ngaruka bishobora kwirindwa cyangwa gufatwa neza.

Ingaruka zisanzwe zishobora kubaho harimo:

• Kunanirirwa kw’umutima, aho umutima uba udashoboye gutera amaraso neza mu mubiri wose
• Umuvuduko ukabije w’amaraso mu mwijima, bisobanura umuvuduko ukabije w’amaraso mu mwijima kubera amaraso menshi
• Indwara z’ubuhumekero kenshi kubera amazi menshi mu mwijima
• Kugira ibiro bike no kutatera neza kubera ko umutima utatera ogisijeni ihagije mu mubiri
• Umutima udasanzwe ushobora kugira ingaruka ku buryo umutima uterera
• Amaraso ashobora kujya mu bice by’umubiri

Ingaruka zikomeye ariko zidahamye zishobora kubaho harimo stroke, cyane cyane ku bana bafite ubwoko buhamye bw’uburwayi. Bamwe mu bana bashobora kandi kugira icyo bitwa Eisenmenger syndrome, aho imiyoboro y’amaraso mu mwijima yangirika burundu kubera umuvuduko ukabije.

Inkuru nziza ni uko kubaga hakiri kare bigabanya cyane ibyago by’izo ngaruka. Abana benshi babagwa mu gihe gikwiye bakura neza, bafite ubuzima bwiza kandi bafite ibyago bike byo kugira ibibazo bikomeye by’umutima.

Uburyo Uburwayi bwa Atrioventricular Canal Defect Bugenzura?

Kumenya uburwayi buriho kenshi bitangira igihe muganga wawe yumvise ijwi ritari ryo ry’umutima mu isuzuma rya buri gihe. Si ibimenyetso byose by’umutima bigaragaza ibibazo, ariko muganga wawe azashaka gukora iperereza kugira ngo arebe niba umutima w’umwana wawe ukora neza.

Intambwe ya mbere ni echocardiogram, isa nka ultrasound y’umutima. Iki kizamini gikoresha amajwi kugira ngo gikore amashusho y’imiterere y’umutima w’umwana wawe kandi kigaragaza uburyo amaraso acura mu byumba. Nta kuribwa na gato kandi ntabwo bisaba inshinge cyangwa imiti.

Muganga wawe ashobora kandi gutegeka ibizamini byongeyeho ibi bikurikira:

• X-ray y’ibituza kugira ngo arebe ingano n’ishusho y’umutima n’imwijima
• Electrocardiogram (ECG) kugira ngo arebe ibikorwa by’amashanyarazi n’umuvuduko w’umutima
• Cardiac catheterization mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, aho umuyoboro muto ushyirwa mu mitsi y’amaraso kugira ngo hafatwe ingano y’umuvuduko
• CT scan cyangwa MRI kugira ngo hafatwe amashusho y’imiterere y’umutima

Rimwe na rimwe ubu burwayi bumenyekana mbere y’uko umwana avuka mu isuzuma rya buri gihe ryo gutwita. Niba abaganga bakeka uburwayi bw’umutima mu gihe cyo gutwita, ushobora kugira echocardiogram yihariye kugira ngo ubone ishusho isobanutse y’iterambere ry’umutima w’umwana wawe.

Kubona uburyo bwo kumenya uburwayi neza bifasha itsinda ry’abaganga bawe gutegura uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura n’igihe gikwiye ku mwana wawe.

Ubuvuzi bw’Uburwayi bwa Atrioventricular Canal Defect?

Ubuvuzi biterwa n’ubwoko n’uburemere bw’uburwayi bw’umwana wawe. Intego nyamukuru ni ugushyiraho amaraso acura neza mu mutima no kwirinda ingaruka zikomeye.

Kuburwayi butuzuye bufite ibimenyetso bike, abaganga bashobora gukurikirana umwana wawe hafi mu gihe bavura ibimenyetso hakoreshejwe imiti. Iyo miti ishobora gufasha umutima gutera amaraso neza no kugabanya amazi mu mwijima.

Kubaga ni uburyo bwo kuvura abana benshi bafite ubu burwayi. Igihe cyo kubaga biterwa n’ibimenyetso by’umwana wawe n’uburyo umutima we ukora:

• Uburwayi buhamye busaba kubaga mu mezi 6-12 ya mbere y’ubuzima
• Uburwayi butuzuye bushobora kuvurwa hagati y’imyaka 2-5, cyangwa hakiri kare niba ibimenyetso bigaragara
• Kubaga byihutirwa bishobora kuba ngombwa niba kunanirwa kw’umutima bikomeye

Mu gihe cyo kubaga, umuganga w’umutima afunga ubusa budasanzwe akoresheje ibikoresho kandi akosora cyangwa asimbuza amavalvule y’umutima adasanzwe. Abana benshi bakenera kubagwa rimwe gusa, nubwo bamwe bashobora gukenera ibindi bikorwa uko bakura.

Uburyo bwo kubaga bugira umusaruro mwinshi, cyane cyane iyo bukozwe mu bigo byihariye by’abaganga b’abana. Abana benshi barakira neza kandi bashobora kwitabira ibikorwa by’abana bisanzwe mu mezi make nyuma yo kubagwa.

Uko Watanga Ubufasha mu Rugo mu Gihe cyo Kuvura?

Kwita ku mwana ufite ubu burwayi bw’umutima mu rugo bisobanura gukurikirana ibimenyetso bye, gukurikiza gahunda y’imiti, no guhanga ibidukikije bishishikariza ubuzima bwe n’iterambere rye.

Mbere yo kubagwa, shyira imbaraga mu gufasha umwana wawe kubika imbaraga no gukura neza. Ibyo bishobora gusobanura gutanga ibiryo bike, byinshi, niba kurya bigoye, cyangwa kumuha igihe cyo kuruhuka mu gihe cy’umunsi.

Dore ibintu by’ingenzi byo kwita mu rugo:

• Tanga imiti uko yategetswe, nubwo umwana wawe asa nkaho yameze neza
• Kureba ibiro n’uburemere n’uko byagenda ukabibwira muganga wawe
• Kureba impinduka mu buryo bwo guhumeka cyangwa kugorana cyane mu bikorwa
• Kwiringira indwara no gukora isuku nziza
• Kugira gahunda yo kujya kwa muganga w’umutima w’abana

Nyuma yo kubagwa, umwana wawe azakenera igihe cyo gukira, ariko abana benshi barakira vuba cyane. Kurikiza amabwiriza y’umuganga wawe ku bijyanye no kwirinda ibikorwa, kwita ku kibonda, n’igihe cyo gusubukura ibikorwa bisanzwe.

Wibuke ko buri mwana akura ku muvuduko we. Bamwe mu bana bumva bameze neza mu byumweru bike, abandi bashobora gukenera amezi kugira ngo basubire mu mbaraga zabo.

Uko Wakwitegura Kugenda kwa Muganga?

Kwitwara neza mu gihe cyo kujya kwa muganga bifasha guhamya ko ubonye amakuru afatika kandi ukumva ufite icyizere ku buryo bwo kwita ku mwana wawe. Andika ibibazo byawe mbere y’igihe kugira ngo wibuke ibibazo by’ingenzi mu gihe cyo gusura.

Zana urutonde rwuzuye rw’imiti cyangwa ibindi bintu umwana wawe afata, harimo umunaniro n’igihe. Kandi usome ibisubizo by’ibizamini byabanje, impapuro z’ubuvuzi, cyangwa amakuru yo kohereza kwa muganga.

Tegura ibibazo ibi bikurikira ku itsinda ry’abaganga bawe:

• Ni ubwoko ki bw’uburwayi bwa atrioventricular canal defect umwana wanjye afite?
• Ni ryari kubagwa bizakenerwa, kandi ni iki kirimo icyo gikorwa?
• Ni ibihe bimenyetso bikwiye kumpesha guhamagaza ako kanya?
• Hariho ibikorwa umwana wanjye akwiye kwirinda?
• Ni kangahe tuzakenera kujya kwa muganga?
• Ni ikihe kintu cy’igihe kirekire cy’umwana wanjye?

Ntuzuyaze gusaba ibisobanuro niba amagambo y’ubuvuzi cyangwa uburyo bwo kuvura bigoye. Itsinda ry’abaganga bawe rishaka guhamya ko usobanukiwe neza uburwayi bw’umwana wawe kandi ukumva utekanye n’uburyo bwo kuvura.

Zana agatabo cyangwa ubaze niba ushobora kwandika ibice by’ingenzi by’ikiganiro. Amakuru y’ubuvuzi ashobora kuba menshi, kandi kugira inyandiko zo kwifashisha nyuma bishobora gufasha cyane.

Icyingenzi cyo Kumenya ku Burwayi bwa Atrioventricular Canal Defect?

Nubwo kumenya ko umwana wawe afite uburwayi bw’umutima bishobora gutera ubwoba, ni ingenzi kumenya ko uburwayi bwa atrioventricular canal defects ari uburwayi bwumvikana neza bufite ingaruka nziza zo kuvura. Abana benshi babonye ubufasha bakura neza mu buzima.

Icyingenzi cyo kugira umusaruro ni ugukorana n’inzobere mu mitima y’abana bashobora kukuyobora mu nzira yo kuvura. Uburyo bwa none bwo kubaga bwatumye kubaga ubu burwayi buba umutekano kandi bugira umusaruro, n’umusaruro urenze 95% mu bigo bikomeye by’abaganga b’abana.

Itsinda ry’abaganga b’umwana wawe rizategura uburyo bwo kwita bujyanye n’ubwoko bw’uburwayi n’ubuzima bwe muri rusange. Ufite ubuvuzi bukwiye, abana benshi bafite ubu burwayi bashobora kwitabira ibikorwa byose by’abana bisanzwe, harimo imikino n’ibindi bikorwa by’umubiri.

Wibuke ko utabaye wenyine muri uru rugendo. Imiryango myinshi yanyuze muri iyi nzira mbere yawe, kandi hari ubufasha buhagije bwo kugufasha guhangana n’ibibazo by’ubuvuzi n’iby’amarangamutima byo kwita ku mwana wawe.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubahwa ku Burwayi bwa Atrioventricular Canal Defect

Ese umwana wanjye azashobora gukina imikino nyuma yo kubagwa?

Abana benshi bashobora kwitabira ibikorwa by’umubiri bisanzwe n’imikino nyuma yo kubagwa neza. Muganga w’umutima w’abana azasesengura imikorere y’umutima w’umwana wawe kandi atange amabwiriza yihariye ku bijyanye n’ibikorwa. Abana benshi bafite uburwayi bwa atrioventricular canal defects bavuwe neza bitabira imikino yahatanirwa nta kibazo, abandi bashobora kugira imipaka mike ku bikorwa bikomeye cyane.

Ese umwana wanjye azamara igihe kingana iki afata imiti y’umutima?

Ibyo umwana wawe akeneye biterwa n’imiterere ye n’uburyo umutima we ukora nyuma yo kubagwa. Bamwe mu bana bakenera imiti igihe gito mbere na nyuma yo kubagwa, abandi bashobora kuyikenera igihe kirekire kugira ngo umutima wabo ukore neza. Muganga w’umutima azakora isuzuma buri gihe niba imiti ikigikenewe kandi akosore uburyo bwo kuvura uko umwana wawe akura.

Ese ubu burwayi bushobora kongera kubaho niba nagize undi mwana?

Ibyago byo kugira undi mwana ufite uburwayi bw’umutima buva ku ivuka ni byinshi kurusha ubusanzwe, ariko biracyari bike. Imiryango myinshi ntabwo igira undi mwana ufite uburwayi bumwe. Muganga wawe ashobora kugutegeka inama y’ibibazo by’imiterere kugira ngo uganire ku byago byihariye by’umuryango wawe n’uburyo bwo gupima mu gihe cyo gutwita mu gihe kizaza.

Ese umwana wanjye azakenera kubagwa ibindi mu gihe akura?

Abana benshi bakenera kubagwa rimwe gusa kugira ngo bakire uburwayi bwa atrioventricular canal defect. Ariko, bamwe mu bana bashobora gukenera ibindi bikorwa uko bakura, cyane cyane niba amavalvule y’umutima adakora neza nyuma yo kubagwa bwa mbere. Muganga w’umutima w’umwana wawe azakurikirana imikorere y’umutima we uko igihe kigenda kandi agategeka ibindi bivuriro gusa niba bikenewe.

Nyuma y’igihe kingana iki umwana wanjye ashobora gusubira mu bikorwa bisanzwe nyuma yo kubagwa?

Igihe cyo gukira gitandukanye, ariko abana benshi bashobora gusubira mu bikorwa bisanzwe mu byumweru 6-8 nyuma yo kubagwa. Umuganga wawe azatanga amabwiriza yihariye ku bijyanye no kwirinda imikoro, igihe umwana wawe ashobora gusubira ku ishuri, n’igihe ashobora gusubukura ibikorwa by’umubiri. Abana benshi bumva bameze neza mu byumweru bike bya mbere kandi bakomeza kumera neza mu mezi akurikira.