Indwara ya Behcet ni iki? Ibimenyetso, Intandaro, n’Uko Ivurwa

Indwara ya Behcet ni indwara idasanzwe y’umubiri ubwe itera ububabare mu mitsi y’amaraso mu mubiri wose. Iyi ndwara iramara igihe kirekire, ikaba ifite ibihe byo kwiyongera kw’ibimenyetso n’ibyo kugabanuka, bivuze ko ibimenyetso bigenda bigaragara kandi bigakira mu buryo butunguranye.

Tekereza ku mikorere y’umubiri wawe nk’uburyo bwo kurinda umubiri wawe ku bantu batandukanye bagira ingaruka mbi. Mu ndwara ya Behcet, iyi mikorere yo kurinda umubiri itera ikibazo, igatuma umubiri utera intambara ku ngingo z’umubiri zimeze neza. Iyi ndwara yiswe Behcet, yiswe kuri Dr Hulusi Behcet, umuganga w’uruhu wo muri Turkiya, ari na we wayimenye bwa mbere mu 1937.

Ibimenyetso by’indwara ya Behcet ni ibihe?

Ikimenyetso cy’ingenzi kandi kigaragara cyane cya mbere cy’indwara ya Behcet ni ibisebe bibabaza mu kanwa, bisa nkaho ari ibisebe bisanzwe. Aya mabara asanzwe agaragara ku rurimi, ku menyo, cyangwa imbere mu matama, kandi bishobora gutera ikibazo mu kurya no kuvuga.

Urubiri rwawe rushobora kugaragaza ibimenyetso bitandukanye, kuko indwara ya Behcet ishobora kugira ingaruka ku bice byinshi by’umubiri. Dore ibimenyetso by’ingenzi ushobora kugira:

• Ibisebe mu kanwa: Ibisebe bibabaza, bifite imiterere y’umviru, biri hagati mu mucyo cyangwa umuhondo, bikira mu gihe cy’ibyumweru 1-3
• Ibisebe ku gitsina: Ibisebe bibabaza bisa n’ibyo mu kanwa, bikaba ku gitsina, bishobora gusiga inkovu
• Ibibazo by’uruhu: Ububabare butukura, bubabaza, cyangwa ibisebe bisa n’iby’uburwayi bw’imikaya, cyane cyane ku maguru no ku gatuza
• Ububabare bw’amaso: Ububabare, kubabara, kubura ubushobozi bwo kubona neza, cyangwa kugira ikibazo cyo kumva urumuri
• Ububabare bw’ingingo: Kubyimba no gukomera, bikunze kuba mu mavi, mu birenge, mu maboko, cyangwa mu maboko

Bamwe mu bantu bagira ibimenyetso bidafite akamaro ariko bikaba bikomeye. Ibi bishobora kuba harimo kubabara cyane umutwe, gucika intekerezo, cyangwa kugira ikibazo cyo kubona umwanya, niba ubwonko bugize ikibazo. Ubwandu bw’imitsi y’amaraso bushobora gutera imikaya cyangwa indwara z’imitsi mu buryo budasanzwe.

Uburyo budasanzwe bw’ibimenyetso bivuze ko ushobora kugira ibihe umva umeze neza, ukaba ukurikiwe n’ibimenyetso bikomeye bishobora kumara iminsi cyangwa ibyumweru. Iyi mikorere ni ibisanzwe muri Behcet kandi ntibisobanura ko indwara yawe iri kwiyongera.

Intandaro y’indwara ya Behcet ni iki?

Intandaro nyakuri y’indwara ya Behcet ntiramenyekana, ariko abashakashatsi bemeza ko iterwa n’ihuriro ry’imiterere y’umuntu n’ibintu by’ibidukikije. Uburyo bwo kurinda umubiri wawe buratera ikibazo, bugatuma umubiri utera intambara ku ngingo z’umubiri zimeze neza.

Imimerere y’umuntu igira uruhare runini mu iterambere ry’iyi ndwara. Abantu bafite ibimenyetso bimwe by’imiterere y’umuntu, cyane cyane HLA-B51, bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara indwara ya Behcet. Ariko, kugira ibi bimenyetso ntibihamya ko uzayirwara.

Ibintu by’ibidukikije bishobora kuba intandaro yo gutera iyi ndwara mu bantu bafite ibyago byo kuyirwara. Ibi bintu bishobora kuba:

• Indwara ziterwa na virusi cyangwa bagiteri
• Imiti imwe
• Imvune cyangwa ibikomere
• Umuvuduko cyangwa ibibazo by’amarangamutima
• Guhinduka kw’imisemburo

Iyi ndwara igaragara cyane mu bantu bakomoka mu bihugu byo ku nyanja ya Mediterane, mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati, no mu Burasirazuba bw’Aziya. Iyi miterere y’aho iyi ndwara igaragara igaragaza ko haba imimerere y’umuntu n’ibintu by’ibidukikije muri iyi turere bishobora kugira uruhare mu iterambere ry’iyi ndwara.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga kubera indwara ya Behcet?

Ukwiye gushaka ubufasha bw’abaganga niba ufite ibisebe bisubira mu kanwa hamwe n’ibindi bimenyetso nkaho hari ibisebe ku gitsina, ibibazo by’uruhu, cyangwa ububabare bw’amaso. Kugira ubumenyi bw’iyi ndwara hakiri kare no kuyivura bishobora gufasha mu kwirinda ingaruka zikomeye no kunoza ubuzima bwawe.

Hamagara muganga wawe ako kanya niba ufite ibibazo by’ubona, kubabara cyane umutwe, cyangwa ibimenyetso by’ubwonko nko gucika intekerezo cyangwa kugira ikibazo cyo kuvuga. Ibi bishobora kugaragaza ko amaso yawe cyangwa ubwonko bugize ikibazo, bikaba bikeneye ubuvuzi bwihuse.

Ntugatege amatwi niba ubona ibimenyetso by’imikaya, nko kubabara no kubyimba amaguru, guhumeka nabi, cyangwa kubabara mu gituza. Nubwo bidafite akamaro, indwara ya Behcet ishobora gutera ingaruka zikomeye ku mitsi y’amaraso zisaba ubuvuzi bwihuse.

Ibyago byo kurwara indwara ya Behcet ni ibihe?

Hari ibintu byinshi bishobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara indwara ya Behcet, nubwo kugira ibyago ntibisobanura ko uzayirwara. Gusobanukirwa ibi bintu bishobora kugufasha wowe n’umuganga wawe kuba maso ku bimenyetso bya mbere.

Imimerere yawe y’umuntu igira uruhare runini mu byago byawe. Abantu bakomoka muri Mediterane, mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati, cyangwa mu Burasirazuba bw’Aziya bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara indwara ya Behcet. Iyi ndwara igaragara cyane muri Turkiya, aho igira ingaruka ku bantu bagera kuri 400 kuri 100.000.

Imyaka n’igitsina na byo bigira uruhare mu byago byawe:

• Imyaka: Abantu benshi bagira ibimenyetso hagati y’imyaka 20-40
• Uburyo bw’igitsina: Abagabo n’abagore barahura n’iyi ndwara kimwe, ariko abagabo bashobora kugira ibimenyetso bikomeye
• Amateka y’umuryango: Kugira abavandimwe barwaye indwara ya Behcet byongera ibyago byawe
• Ibimenyetso by’imiterere y’umuntu: Gutwara HLA-B51 cyangwa izindi gene zihariye byongera ibyago byawe

Ibintu by’ibidukikije bishobora kugira uruhare mu byago byawe. Kutuura mu turere tumwe na tumwe, guhura n’indwara zimwe na zimwe, cyangwa kugira izindi ndwara z’umubiri ubwe bishobora kongera amahirwe yo kurwara indwara ya Behcet.

Ingaruka zishoboka z’indwara ya Behcet ni izihe?

Abantu benshi barwaye indwara ya Behcet babasha gucunga ibimenyetso byabo neza bafashijwe n’ubuvuzi bukwiye, ariko bamwe bashobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye. Inkuru nziza ni uko ingaruka zikomeye zidafite akamaro, cyane cyane niba iyi ndwara imenyekanye hakiri kare kandi ubuvuzi bukwiye buhabwa.

Ingaruka ku maso zishobora kuba zimwe mu zikomeye kuko zishobora gutera ibibazo byo kubona niba zititaweho. Ubwandu imbere mu maso bushobora gutera ububabare, kubura ubushobozi bwo kubona neza, kandi mu bihe bikomeye, guhomba burundu ubushobozi bwo kubona cyangwa ubuhumyi.

Dore ingaruka z’ingenzi zishobora kubaho:

• Ibibazo by’amaso: Uveitis, cataracte, glaucoma, cyangwa ibibazo by’umushyitsi w’amaso
• Ibibazo by’imitsi y’amaraso: Imikaya, indwara z’imitsi, cyangwa ibibazo byo gufunga imitsi
• Ibibazo by’ubwonko: Meningite, ubwandu bw’ubwonko, cyangwa ibimenyetso bisa n’iby’indwara yo guhomba ubushobozi bwo gutekereza
• Ibibazo by’igogorwa: Ibisebe mu mara, kuva amaraso, cyangwa gucika kw’amara
• Ibibazo by’ingingo: Arthritis iramara igihe kirekire cyangwa guhinduka kw’ingingo

Ingaruka zikomeye ariko zidafite akamaro zishobora kuba harimo ibibazo by’umutima, ibibazo by’impyiko, cyangwa ibibazo bikomeye by’ubwonko. Ubwandu bw’imitsi y’amaraso bushobora gutera indwara zikomeye nko guturika kw’imitsi y’amaraso mu mutima cyangwa imikaya ikomeye.

Kwitabwaho buri gihe n’itsinda ry’abaganga rifasha mu kubona ingaruka hakiri kare igihe zishobora kuvurwa. Abantu benshi barwaye indwara ya Behcet babaho ubuzima busanzwe, burimo akazi, bafashijwe n’ubuvuzi bukwiye n’impinduka mu mibereho.

Uko indwara ya Behcet imenyekanishwa

Kumenya indwara ya Behcet bishobora kuba bigoye kuko nta buryo bumwe bwo kuyimenya. Muganga wawe azishingira ku buryo ibimenyetso byawe bigaragara, amateka yawe y’ubuzima, no ku isuzuma ry’umubiri kugira ngo amenye iyi ndwara.

Kumenya iyi ndwara bikunze gukurikira ibipimo byashyizweho, byibanda ku bimenyetso byawe by’ingenzi. Ibisebe bisubira mu kanwa bifatwa nk’iby’ingenzi, kandi ugomba kugira byibuze ibindi bimenyetso bibiri muri ibi bikurikira:

• Ibisebe ku gitsina
• Ibimenyetso by’uruhu
• Ububabare bw’amaso
• Isuzuma rya pathergy (uburyo bwo kumenya indwara hakoreshejwe igishishwa)

Muganga wawe ashobora gukora ibizamini bitandukanye kugira ngo akureho izindi ndwara kandi asuzume uko ingingo z’umubiri zimeze. Ibizamini by’amaraso bishobora kugenzura ibimenyetso by’ubwandu n’ibimenyetso by’imiterere y’umuntu nka HLA-B51, nubwo ibi bitari uburyo bwo kumenya iyi ndwara.

Ibindi bizamini bishobora kuba harimo isuzuma ry’amaso, isuzuma ry’imitsi y’amaraso, cyangwa isuzuma ry’ibice by’uruhu. Isuzuma rya pathergy ririmo gukora umunwa mu ruhu hakoreshejwe umunwa ukeye kugira ngo harebwe niba hari ububabare buza mu gihe cy’amasaha 24-48.

Uko indwara ya Behcet ivurwa

Ubuvuzi bw’indwara ya Behcet bugamije gucunga ubwandu, kwirinda ibimenyetso bikomeye, no kurinda ingingo z’umubiri kwangirika. Muganga wawe azakugenera ubuvuzi bushingiye ku bimenyetso ufite n’uburemere bwabyo.

Imiti niyo shingiro ry’ubuvuzi bw’indwara ya Behcet. Muganga wawe ashobora gutangira kuvura ibisebe mu kanwa no ku gitsina, hanyuma yongere imiti ivura indwara z’umubiri niba bikenewe mu gihe ibimenyetso byakwirakwira.

Uburyo busanzwe bwo kuvura burimo:

• Imiti yo kwisiga: Imiti ya corticosteroid yo kwisiga cyangwa yo gukaraba mu kanwa
• Colchicine: Ifasha mu kwirinda ibisebe by’uruhu n’ububabare bw’ingingo
• Imiti igabanya ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri: Methotrexate, azathioprine, cyangwa cyclosporine mu gihe ibimenyetso bikomeye
• Biologics: TNF inhibitors nka infliximab mu gihe ibimenyetso bidakira
• Corticosteroids: ikoreshwa mu gihe gito mu gihe ibimenyetso bikomeye

Mu gihe amaso afite ikibazo, muganga wawe ashobora kugenera imiti ikomeye igabanya ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri kugira ngo wirinde guhomba ubushobozi bwo kubona. Ibibazo by’imitsi y’amaraso bishobora gusaba imiti igabanya imikaya cyangwa kubagwa mu bihe bikomeye.

Ubuvuzi busanzwe buramara igihe kirekire kandi bushobora guhinduka uko igihe gihita. Kwitabwaho buri gihe bifasha itsinda ry’abaganga bawe gusuzuma uko ubuvuzi bugenda neza no kureba ingaruka z’imiti.

Uko wacunga indwara ya Behcet mu rugo

Kwita ku buzima bwawe mu rugo bigira uruhare runini mu gucunga indwara ya Behcet hamwe n’ubuvuzi bwa muganga. Impinduka nke mu mibereho zishobora kugabanya ibimenyetso bikomeye no kunoza uko wumva buri munsi.

Guhangana n’umuvuduko ni ingenzi cyane kuko umuvuduko wo mu marangamutima no mu mubiri bishobora gutera ibimenyetso bikomeye. Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri, gusinzira bihagije, n’uburyo bwo kuruhuka nko gutekereza cyangwa guhumeka bishobora gufasha mu kugumana umuvuduko mu rwego rukwiye.

Dore uburyo bwo gucunga iyi ndwara mu rugo:

• Kwita ku kanwa: Koresha imiti yo gukaraba mu kanwa idafite inzoga kandi ikoresha ibirungo byoroheje
• Impinduka mu mirire: Irinde ibiryo birimo ibirungo byinshi, acide, cyangwa bikomeye mu gihe ibisebe mu kanwa bikomeye
• Guhangana n’umuvuduko: Koresha uburyo bwo kuruhuka, komeza gahunda yo gusinzira
• Kurinda uruhu: Irinde imvune ku ruhu, koresha imiti yo kwita ku ruhu yoroheje
• Kwita ku maso: Koresha izibukira izuba, koresha amarira y’imiti niba amaso yumva yumaze

Komeza kwandika ibimenyetso byawe kugira ngo umenye ibitera ibimenyetso byawe n’uburyo bigenda. Aya makuru afasha wowe n’umuganga wawe gufata ibyemezo byiza byo kuvura no kwirinda ibimenyetso bikomeye.

Komeza guhuza n’amatsinda y’abantu barwaye indwara ya Behcet cyangwa imiryango yo kuri internet. Gusangira uburambe n’abandi bumva uko wumva bishobora gutanga inkunga yo mu marangamutima n’amabanga yo gucunga ubuzima bwawe.

Uko wakwitegura gusura muganga

Kwitabira neza gusura muganga bifasha mu kugira icyo umenye mu gihe cy’isura. Zana urutonde rwuzuye rw’ibimenyetso byawe, harimo igihe byatangiye n’uko byahindutse uko igihe gihita.

Andika ibimenyetso byawe ukoresheje amafoto niba bishoboka, cyane cyane ibisebe by’uruhu cyangwa ibisebe bishobora gukira mbere yo gusura muganga. Komeza kwandika ibimenyetso byawe, ugaragaze amatariki, uburemere, n’ibintu byose bishobora kuba byabiteye.

Ibintu by’ingenzi ugomba kuzana birimo:

• Urutonde rwuzuye rw’imiti n’ibindi ukoresha
• Inyandiko y’ubuvuzi bwakozwe mbere n’uko bwagiye
• Amafoto y’ibimenyetso mu gihe ibimenyetso bikomeye
• Amateka y’ubuzima bw’umuryango, cyane cyane indwara z’umubiri ubwe
• Urutonde rw’ibibazo cyangwa impungenge ushaka kuganiraho

Andika ibibazo byihariye ku buvuzi bwawe, ingaruka zishoboka z’imiti, n’impinduka mu mibereho. Ntugatege amatwi kubabaza ibibazo ku bijyanye n’inkunga cyangwa igihe ukwiye gushaka ubuvuzi bwihuse.

Tekereza kuzana inshuti cyangwa umuryango wawe kugira ngo aguhe inkunga mu kwibuka amakuru yavuzwe mu gihe cy’isura. Kugira inkunga bishobora kandi gufasha mu marangamutima mu gihe uhura n’indwara iramara igihe kirekire.

Icyo ukwiye kumenya ku ndwara ya Behcet

Indwara ya Behcet ni indwara iramara igihe kirekire ishobora gucungwa, ikaba isaba ubuvuzi buhoraho n’impinduka mu mibereho. Nubwo bishobora kuba bigoye kubana nayo, abantu benshi barwaye indwara ya Behcet babaho ubuzima buhimbaye, burimo akazi, bafashijwe n’ubuvuzi bukwiye.

Kumenya iyi ndwara hakiri kare no kuyivura ni ingenzi mu kwirinda ingaruka zikomeye no kugumana ubuzima bwiza. Gukorana n’itsinda ry’abaganga bawe bifasha mu kubona ubuvuzi bukwiye buhuye n’ibyo ukeneye.

Wibuke ko indwara ya Behcet igira ingaruka ku bantu bose mu buryo butandukanye. Uburambe bwawe bushobora gutandukana n’ubw’abandi barwaye iyi ndwara, kandi ibyo ni ibisanzwe. Komeza kwihangana uko ubigenda wiga gucunga ibimenyetso byawe no gushaka ubuvuzi bukubereye.

Ibibazo bikunze kubaho ku ndwara ya Behcet

Ese indwara ya Behcet yandura?

Oya, indwara ya Behcet ntiyandura. Ntushobora kuyanduza undi muntu cyangwa kuyikwirakwiza. Ni indwara y’umubiri ubwe iterwa n’imiterere y’umuntu n’ibintu by’ibidukikije, atari uko uhura n’abantu banduye.

Ese indwara ya Behcet irakirwa?

Kuri ubu, nta muti w’indwara ya Behcet, ariko ishobora gucungwa neza hakoreshejwe ubuvuzi bukwiye. Abantu benshi bagira ibihe byo kugira ibimenyetso bike cyangwa nta bimenyetso. Intego y’ubuvuzi ni ugucunga ibimenyetso no kwirinda ingaruka.

Ese indwara ya Behcet igira ingaruka ku nda?

Abagore benshi barwaye indwara ya Behcet bashobora kubyara neza, nubwo kwitabwaho buri gihe ari ingenzi. Bamwe mu bagore bagira ibimenyetso bigabanuka mu gihe batwite, abandi bashobora kugira ibimenyetso bikomeye. Muganga wawe ashobora guhindura imiti mu buryo butekanye mu gihe cyo gutwita no konsa.

Ese nzagomba gufata imiti ubuzima bwanjye bwose?

Igihe imiti ifatwa gitandukanye cyane bitewe n’umuntu. Bamwe mu bantu bakeneye imiti iramara igihe kirekire kugira ngo birinde ibimenyetso bikomeye n’ingaruka, abandi bashobora kugabanya cyangwa guhagarika imiti mu gihe ibimenyetso bigabanutse. Muganga wawe azakorana nawe kugira ngo umenye imiti mike ikenewe.

Ese impinduka mu mirire zishobora gufasha mu ndwara ya Behcet?

Nubwo nta mirire yihariye ishobora gukiza indwara ya Behcet, bamwe mu bantu basanga ibiryo bimwe na bimwe biterwa ibimenyetso. Kumenya ibiryo byawe bishobora kugufasha kumenya ibiryo bikubera. Imirire yuzuye, irwanya ubwandu ishobora gufasha mu kwita ku buzima bwawe rusange no kugabanya ubwandu.