Icyo Valivu ya Aorta ifite Ibyumba Bibiri Aricyo? Ibimenyetso, Impamvu, n’Uburyo bwo Kuvura

Valivu ya aorta ifite ibyumba bibiri ni uburwayi bw’umutima aho valivu yawe ya aorta ifite ibyumba bibiri aho kuba bitatu bisanzwe. Iyi ni yo ndwara y’umutima ivuka ikunze kugaragara, ikaba igira abantu bagera kuri 1-2% by’abaturage. Nubwo abantu benshi babaho ubuzima busanzwe bafite iyi ndwara, ishobora rimwe na rimwe guteza ibibazo uko ugenda ukura, niyo mpamvu kuyumva ari ingenzi ku buzima bwawe.

Icyo Valivu ya Aorta ifite Ibyumba Bibiri Aricyo?

Valivu yawe ya aorta ikora nk’umuhanda ugana mu buryo bumwe hagati y’icyumba gikuru cy’umutima gikura amaraso n’umuyoboro munini w’amaraso w’umubiri wawe. Ubusanzwe, iyi valivu ifite ibice bitatu bifite imiterere y’uturere dutatu bitwa ibyumba bifunguka kandi bifunga buri gihe umutima ukubita. Ufite valivu ya aorta ifite ibyumba bibiri, wavutse ufite ibyumba bibiri aho kuba bitatu.

Tekereza ko ufite urugi rufite ibice bibiri aho kuba bitatu. Nubwo rushobora gukora akazi kayo ko kugenzura imiterere y’amaraso, imiterere si kimwe n’ibyo abantu benshi bafite. Itandukaniro ry’imiterere rishobora kugira ingaruka ku buryo valivu ikora igihe kirekire.

Iyi ndwara ibaho kuva ukiri mu nda, bisobanura ko itera mu gihe ukiri mu nda ya nyoko. Abantu benshi ntibabizi ko bayifite kugeza igihe bakorewe isuzuma rya muganga cyangwa igihe ibimenyetso bigaragara nyuma y’imyaka myinshi.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya Valivu ya Aorta ifite Ibyumba Bibiri?

Abantu benshi bafite valivu ya aorta ifite ibyumba bibiri nta bimenyetso bagira, cyane cyane mu bwana no mu bupfumuzi. Iyo ibimenyetso bigaragara, ubusanzwe bigenda bigaragara buhoro buhoro uko valivu igenda ikora nabi uko imyaka igenda yicuma.

Dore ibimenyetso bikunze kugaragara ushobora kubona:

• Kubabara mu gituza cyangwa kudakorwa neza, cyane cyane mu gihe ukora imyitozo ngororamubiri
• Guhumeka nabi mu gihe ukora imyitozo ngororamubiri cyangwa igihe uri kuryama
• Kumva unaniwe cyangwa ushobotse cyane mu gihe ukora ibikorwa bisanzwe
• Kuzenguruka cyangwa kumva ugiye kugwa, cyane cyane mu gihe ukora imbaraga
• Gukubita kw’umutima cyangwa gukubita kw’umutima kudakozwe neza
• Kubyimbagira mu maguru, mu birenge, cyangwa mu birenge

Ibi bimenyetso ubusanzwe bigaragara iyo valivu igenda iba iy’umuyoboro muto (stenotic) cyangwa isohora amaraso inyuma (regurgitant). Inkuru nziza ni uko ibimenyetso bikunze kugaragara buhoro buhoro, biguha wowe na muganga wawe umwanya wo gukurikirana no gutegura uburyo bwo kuvura nibiba ngombwa.

Ni izihe ngero za Valivu ya Aorta ifite Ibyumba Bibiri?

Abaganga basobanura valivu ya aorta ifite ibyumba bibiri bashingiye ku buryo ibyumba bibiri biteguye n’ibice byahujwe hamwe. Ubwoko bwakunze kugaragara burimo guhuza ibyumba by’iburyo n’iby’ibumoso, bibaho mu kigero cya 70-85% by’ababifite.

Ubwoko bwa kabiri burimo guhuza icyumba cy’iburyo n’icyumba kitari icy’umutima. Ibi bibaho mu kigero cya 15-30% by’abantu bafite iyi ndwara. Gake cyane, ushobora guhuza icyumba cy’ibumoso n’icyumba kitari icy’umutima.

Nubwo ibi bintu by’ubumenyi bishobora kugaragara nk’ibigoranye, icy’ingenzi ni uburyo valivu yawe ikora neza. Umuganga wawe w’umutima ashobora kumenya ubwoko bwawe akoresheje ibizamini byo kubona amashusho kandi akakubwira icyo bisobanura ku mimerere yawe.

Ni iki giteza Valivu ya Aorta ifite Ibyumba Bibiri?

Valivu ya aorta ifite ibyumba bibiri ni indwara ivuka, bisobanura ko itera mu gihe cy’iterambere ry’umwana mu nda. Impamvu nyamukuru ntiyumvikana neza, ariko abashakashatsi bizera ko iterwa n’imikorere ikomeye hagati y’imiterere y’umuntu n’ibintu by’ibidukikije.

Imimerere y’umuntu igira uruhare runini muri iyi ndwara. Niba ufite valivu ya aorta ifite ibyumba bibiri, hari amahirwe agera kuri 10% y’uko abagize umuryango wawe ba hafi (ababyeyi, abavandimwe, cyangwa abana) bashobora kuyifite. Ibi birenga cyane ibyago rusange by’abaturage bya 1-2%.

Indwara zimwe na zimwe z’imiterere y’umuntu zifitanye isano na valivu ya aorta ifite ibyumba bibiri, harimo Turner syndrome, Marfan syndrome, n’izindi ndwara z’imiterere y’umubiri. Ariko, abantu benshi bafite valivu ya aorta ifite ibyumba bibiri nta zindi ndwara bafite.

Ibintu by’ibidukikije mu gihe cyo gutwita bishobora kandi kugira uruhare, nubwo ibintu byihariye bitaramenyekana neza. Icy’ingenzi ni ukumva ko nta kintu wowe cyangwa ababyeyi bawe bakoze cyateje iyi ndwara - ni uko umutima wawe waterewe mbere yo kuvuka.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga kubera Valivu ya Aorta ifite Ibyumba Bibiri?

Ukwiye kujya kwa muganga niba ufite ibimenyetso bishobora kugaragaza ibibazo by’umutima, nubwo bigaragara nk’ibito ubanza. Kumenya hakiri kare no gukurikirana bishobora kugira uruhare runini mu gucunga iyi ndwara neza.

Hamagara umuganga wawe niba ubona ububabare mu gituza, guhumeka nabi, kunanirwa kudakunze kugaragara, kuzenguruka, cyangwa gukubita kw’umutima. Ibi bimenyetso bikwiye gusuzuma, cyane cyane niba bibaho mu gihe ukora imyitozo ngororamubiri cyangwa bigaragara ko bigenda biba bibi uko iminsi igenda ishira.

Niba ufite amateka y’umuryango wa valivu ya aorta ifite ibyumba bibiri cyangwa izindi ndwara z’umutima zivuka, ubwire muganga wawe ibyo mu gihe cy’isuzuma rusanzwe. Bashobora kugusaba gukora ibizamini nk’ikizamini cya echocardiogram kugira ngo barebe imiterere n’imikorere y’umutima wawe.

Ku bantu basanzwe bafite valivu ya aorta ifite ibyumba bibiri, gukurikirana inama buri gihe ni ingenzi. Umuganga wawe w’umutima azagena ukuntu ukwiye gukurikiranwa hifashishijwe uburyo valivu yawe ikora.

Ni ibihe bintu byongera ibyago bya Valivu ya Aorta ifite Ibyumba Bibiri?

Kubera ko valivu ya aorta ifite ibyumba bibiri ari indwara ivuka, ibintu bisanzwe byongera ibyago nk’imikorere y’ubuzima ntabwo bikora kimwe nk’uko bikora ku zindi ndwara z’umutima. Ariko, ibintu bimwe na bimwe bishobora kongera amahirwe yo kugira iyi ndwara cyangwa guteza ibibazo.

Ikintu gikomeye cyongera ibyago ni ukugira amateka y’umuryango wa valivu ya aorta ifite ibyumba bibiri cyangwa izindi ndwara z’umutima zivuka. Abagabo nabo bafite amahirwe menshi yo kugira iyi ndwara kuruta abagore, ku rugero rwa 3:1.

Indwara zimwe na zimwe z’imiterere y’umuntu zongera ibyago byawe, harimo Turner syndrome, Marfan syndrome, na Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. Niba ufite imwe muri izo ndwara, muganga wawe azakusuzumisha valivu ya aorta ifite ibyumba bibiri.

Imyaka iba ikintu cyongera ibyago by’ibibazo aho kuba ikintu cyo kugira iyi ndwara ubwayo. Uko ugenda ukura, imiterere idasanzwe ya valivu ishobora guteza ibibazo nk’umuyoboro muto cyangwa isohora amaraso inyuma, bikunze kugaragara mu myaka ya 40, 50, cyangwa 60.

Ni ibihe bibazo bishoboka bya Valivu ya Aorta ifite Ibyumba Bibiri?

Nubwo abantu benshi bafite valivu ya aorta ifite ibyumba bibiri babaho ubuzima busanzwe, iyi ndwara ishobora guteza ibibazo uko imyaka igenda yicuma. Kumva ibi bishoboka bigufasha kumenya ibintu kandi ukakorana n’itsinda ryawe ry’ubuvuzi kugira ngo ubikumire cyangwa ubigenzure neza.

Ibibazo bikunze kugaragara birimo:

• Aortic stenosis - valivu iba iy’umuyoboro muto kandi ibuza amaraso kuyinyuramo
• Aortic regurgitation - valivu isohora amaraso inyuma kandi amaraso asubira inyuma
• Aortic root dilation - umuyoboro munini uvana amaraso mu mutima ugenda ukura
• Endocarditis - kwandura kwa valivu y’umutima
• Heart failure - igihe umutima utakiri bushobozi bwo gutuma amaraso
• Arrhythmias - gukubita kw’umutima kudakozwe neza

Aortic root dilation ikwiye kwitabwaho cyane kuko ishobora kubaho nubwo valivu ubwayo ikora neza. Kugura kwa aorta bishobora guteza ibibazo bikomeye nk’aortic dissection, nubwo ari gake.

Inkuru nziza ni uko gukurikirana buri gihe bishobora gufasha kumenya ibyo bibazo hakiri kare, igihe bivurwa neza. Ibibazo byinshi bigenda bigaragara buhoro buhoro mu myaka cyangwa mu myaka myinshi, biguha wowe n’itsinda ryawe ry’abaganga umwanya wo gutegura uburyo bukwiye bwo kuvura.

Uburyo bwo kuvura Valivu ya Aorta ifite Ibyumba Bibiri

Uburyo bwo kuvura valivu ya aorta ifite ibyumba bibiri biterwa n’uburyo valivu yawe ikora neza niba ufite ibimenyetso. Abantu benshi bafite valivu ikora neza bakeneye gukurikiranwa gusa nta kuvura byihuse.

Ku bafite ibibazo bike bya valivu kandi badafite ibimenyetso, muganga wawe azakugira inama yo gutegereza. Ibi bivuze gukurikirana buri gihe no gukora ibizamini bya echocardiograms kugira ngo ukurebe uko valivu yawe ikora uko imyaka igenda yicuma.

Iyo ibimenyetso bigaragara cyangwa imikorere ya valivu iba mibi cyane, uburyo bwo kuvura burimo:

• Imiti yo gucunga ibimenyetso no kurinda umutima wawe
• Balloon valvuloplasty - uburyo bwo gufungura valivu iy’umuyoboro muto
• Gusana valivu mu gihe bishoboka
• Gusimbuza valivu akoresheje valivu zikora cyangwa iz’imiti
• Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) mu bihe bimwe na bimwe

Umuganga wawe w’umutima azakorana nawe kugira ngo amenye uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura bushingiye ku mimerere yawe, imyaka, ubuzima bwawe muri rusange, n’ibyo ukunda. Intego ihoraho ni ugufasha kugumana ubuzima bwiza bushoboka.

Uko wakwita ku buzima bwawe ufite Valivu ya Aorta ifite Ibyumba Bibiri

Kubaho neza ufite valivu ya aorta ifite ibyumba bibiri bisobanura kumenya neza iyi ndwara yawe no gukurikiza inama za muganga wawe. Abantu benshi bashobora kugira ubuzima bukora kandi bwiza bafite ubufasha bukwiye no gukurikiranwa.

Komeza kujya gukorerwa isuzuma ry’umutima buri gihe, nubwo wumva umeze neza. Izo nama zifasha muganga wawe gukurikirana impinduka zose mu mikorere ya valivu yawe no kubona ibibazo bishoboka hakiri kare. Ntucikire inama gusa kuko wumva umeze neza.

Komeza kugira isuku nziza y’amenyo kandi ubwire umunyamamenyo wawe ibyerekeye uburwayi bwawe bw’umutima. Nubwo ibikorwa bisanzwe by’amenyo bisanzwe bikora neza, muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba imiti yo kurwanya udukoko mbere y’ibikorwa bimwe na bimwe by’amenyo kugira ngo wirinde kwandura.

Komeza ukore imyitozo ngororamubiri mu rwego muganga wawe w’umutima akugira inama. Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe bifitiye umutima akamaro, ariko ushobora gukenera kwirinda ibikorwa bikomeye cyangwa imikino yo guhatana bitewe n’imikorere ya valivu yawe.

Jya ubaho ubuzima bwiza bw’umutima urya ibiryo biringaniye, ugire ibiro bikwiye, ntukore, kandi ugenzure umunaniro. Ibi bisanzwe bifitiye buri wese akamaro ariko ni ingenzi cyane iyo ufite uburwayi bw’umutima.

Uko wakwitegura inama yawe na muganga

Kwitegura inama yawe na muganga w’umutima bifasha kwemeza ko ubonye byinshi mu nama yawe. Tangira wandike ibimenyetso byose wabonye, nubwo bigaragara nk’ibito cyangwa bidashyira umutima wawe mu kaga.

Zana urutonde rw’imiti yose ukoresha, harimo imiti yo mu maduka n’ibindi. Nanone, komeza ibisubizo by’ibizamini byabanje cyangwa imyirondoro y’ubuvuzi ifitanye isano n’uburwayi bwawe bw’umutima niba ubona umuganga mushya.

Tegura ibibazo ku ndwara yawe, uburyo bwo kuvura, ibintu ugomba kwirinda, n’icyo utegereje mu gihe kizaza. Ntugatinye kubabaza icyakubangamiye - muganga wawe arashaka kugufasha kumva uburwayi bwawe.

Tekereza kuzana umuntu wo mu muryango wawe cyangwa inshuti mu nama z’ingenzi. Bashobora kugufasha kwibuka amakuru no kugufasha mu biganiro ku bijyanye n’uburyo bwo kuvura.

Icyo wakuramo ku bijyanye na Valivu ya Aorta ifite Ibyumba Bibiri

Valivu ya aorta ifite ibyumba bibiri ni indwara ishobora gucungwa kandi abantu benshi bayibana neza mu buzima bwabo bwose. Nubwo isaba kwitabwaho n’abaganga buri gihe, abantu benshi bafite iyi ndwara bashobora kugira ubuzima busanzwe kandi bukora bafite ubufasha bukwiye no gukurikiranwa.

Ikintu cy’ingenzi cyane ushobora gukora ni ugukomeza gukurikiranwa n’umuganga w’umutima wumva uburwayi bwawe. Kumenya hakiri kare impinduka zose mu mikorere ya valivu biha umwanya wo kuvura hakiri kare igihe bibaye ngombwa.

Wibuke ko kugira valivu ya aorta ifite ibyumba bibiri ntibigena ubuzima bwawe cyangwa ntibigabanye inzozi zawe. Hamwe n’iterambere ry’ubuvuzi n’uburyo bwo kuvura muri iki gihe, abantu bafite iyi ndwara bashobora kwitega ibyiza n’ubuzima bwiza iyo bakoranye n’itsinda ryabo ry’ubuvuzi.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa Ku bijyanye na Valivu ya Aorta ifite Ibyumba Bibiri

Nshobora gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri mfite valivu ya aorta ifite ibyumba bibiri?

Abantu benshi bafite valivu ya aorta ifite ibyumba bibiri bashobora gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri mu mutekano, ariko imbaraga n’ubwoko bw’imyitozo biterwa n’uburyo valivu yawe ikora neza. Niba valivu yawe ikora neza kandi nta bimenyetso ufite, ushobora kwitabira ibikorwa byinshi. Ariko, niba ufite ibibazo bikomeye bya valivu, muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba kwirinda imyitozo ikomeye cyangwa imikino yo guhatana. Buri gihe uganire na muganga wawe w’umutima ku myitozo utekereza gukora kugira ngo ubone inama zikubereyeho bushingiye ku mimerere yawe.

Nzakenera kubagwa kubera valivu ya aorta ifite ibyumba bibiri?

Si buri wese ufite valivu ya aorta ifite ibyumba bibiri ukeneye kubagwa. Abantu benshi babaho ubuzima bwabo bwose bakurikiranwa gusa. Kubagwa biba ngombwa iyo valivu iteza ibimenyetso bikomeye, ibuza amaraso kuyinyuramo cyane, cyangwa iretse amaraso asubira inyuma cyane. Muganga wawe azasuzumana ubushishozi imikorere ya valivu yawe, ibimenyetso, n’ubuzima bwawe muri rusange kugira ngo amenye niba kubagwa byaba byiza kandi ryari. Icyemezo gihora gifatwa hakurikijwe uko umuntu ameze.

Valivu ya aorta ifite ibyumba bibiri ishobora kwandurira abana banjye?

Yego, valivu ya aorta ifite ibyumba bibiri ishobora kwandurira mu muryango. Niba ufite iyi ndwara, buri mwana wawe afite amahirwe agera kuri 10% yo kuyifite, ibi bikaba birenga cyane ibyago rusange by’abaturage. Ariko, ibi bivuze ko hari amahirwe agera kuri 90% y’uko batazayifite. Muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba ko abagize umuryango wawe ba hafi (abana, abavandimwe, ababyeyi) bakorerwa isuzuma rya echocardiograms kugira ngo barebe iyi ndwara, cyane cyane niba bagize ibimenyetso bifitanye isano n’umutima.

Ni iki gitandukanya valivu ya aorta ifite ibyumba bibiri n’izindi ndwara za valivu y’umutima?

Valivu ya aorta ifite ibyumba bibiri ni itandukaniro ry’imiterere wavukanye, mu gihe izindi ndwara za valivu zikunze kubaho uko imyaka igenda yicuma kubera gusaza, kwandura, cyangwa izindi mpamvu. Valivu ifite ibyumba bibiri ifite ibyumba bibiri aho kuba bitatu, ibi bikayitera kugira ibibazo uko ugenda ukura. Izindi ndwara za valivu zishobora kuba valivu zisanzwe zifite ibyumba bitatu zangiritse cyangwa zifite uburwayi. Uburyo bwo kuvura bushobora kuba bumwe, ariko impamvu nyamukuru n’uburyo bigenda bishobora gutandukana.

Ngahe nkenera gukurikiranwa?

Uko ukwiye gukurikiranwa kenshi biterwa n’uburyo valivu yawe ikora neza. Niba valivu yawe ifite ibyumba bibiri ikora neza, ushobora kwitabira isuzuma buri myaka 2-3. Niba hari ibimenyetso by’ibibazo bya valivu bigenda bigaragara, muganga wawe ashobora gushaka kukubona buri mwaka cyangwa kenshi kurushaho. Abantu bafite ibibazo bikomeye bya valivu bashobora kwitabira isuzuma buri mezi 6. Umuganga wawe w’umutima azakugenera gahunda yo gukurikirana hakurikijwe uko valivu yawe ikora n’ibibazo bifitanye isano nk’aortic dilation.