Ese ni Bronchitis? Ibimenyetso, Impamvu, n’Uko Ivurwa

Bronchitis ni ububabare bw’inkira z’ubuhumekero, imiyoboro itwara umwuka mu bihaha byawe. Iyo iyo miyoboro y’ubuhumekero ibaye ikibazo ikaba yabareye, ikaba yabyimbye, itanga umusemburo mwinshi, bigatuma ubona inkorora idashira ishobora gutuma wumva ubona nabi.

Tekereza ku nkira z’ubuhumekero zawe nk’imihanda minini y’umwuka ugana mu bihaha byawe. Iyo bronchitis ibayeho, ni nk’aho iyo mihanda iba yafunzwe kandi ikabyimbye, bigatuma umwuka utamara neza. Inkuru nziza ni uko ubundi buryo bwa bronchitis bukunda gukira ubwo bwite ukoresheje ubuvuzi bukwiye n’ikiruhuko.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bwa bronchitis?

Hari ubwoko bubiri nyamukuru bwa bronchitis, kandi gusobanukirwa itandukaniro bishobora kugufasha kumenya icyo witeze. Bronchitis ikabije ni bwo bwoko busanzwe kandi busanzwe buza imbere nyuma y’umwijima cyangwa indwara y’ubuhumekero.

Bronchitis ikabije isanzwe imara ibyumweru 1-3 kandi ikagenda neza nta ngaruka z’igihe kirekire. Inkorora yawe ishobora kumara ibyumweru byinshi na nyuma y’aho ibindi bimenyetso bikize, ibyo ni ibisanzwe kuko imiyoboro y’ubuhumekero yawe ikira.

Bronchitis ikaze ni indwara ikomeye, iramba, igize indwara z’ubuhumekero zidakira (COPD). Ubwo bwoko burimo ububabare buhoraho bumaara amezi kandi bugakunda kugaruka. Umenyeshwa ko ufite bronchitis ikaze niba ufite inkorora itanga umusemburo byibuze amezi atatu mu myaka ibiri yikurikiranya.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya bronchitis?

Ikimenyetso cy’ingenzi cya bronchitis ni inkorora idashira ikunda gutanga umusemburo. Iyo nkorora ishobora kuba ikubabaza cyane kandi ikabuza gusinzira, ariko ni uburyo umubiri wawe uvanaho ibintu bibangamira imiyoboro y’ubuhumekero.

Dore ibimenyetso bisanzwe ushobora kugira:

• Inkorora idashira ishobora gutanga umusemburo usobanutse, umweru, umuhondo, cyangwa umukara
• Kubabara mu kifuba cyangwa kubyimbagira
• Umunaniro no kumva udashoboye
• Guhumeka nabi, cyane cyane mu gihe ukora imyitozo ngororamubiri
• Ubushyuhe buke (busanzwe munsi ya 101°F)
• Kubabara mu muhogo kubera inkorora ikunda kubaho
• Kubabara umubiri n’ubukonje

Muri bronchitis ikaze, ushobora kandi kubona amajwi y’umwuka mu gihe uhumeka n’ingorane nyinshi mu bikorwa by’imyitozo ngororamubiri uko iminsi igenda ishira. Ibimenyetso bikunda kuba bibi cyane mu gitondo no mu gihe cy’imbeho, ikirere gitose.

Bamwe bumva nk’aho bafite ubushyuhe mu kifuba, ibyo bibaho kuko imiyoboro y’ubuhumekero yabyimbye iba ifite uburibwe. Iyo mbabare isanzwe igenda igabanuka uko ububabare bugenda bugabanuka.

Ni iki gatera bronchitis?

Ubundi buryo bwa bronchitis ikabije butangira biterwa n’indwara y’agakoko, nk’ibintu biterwa n’umwijima usanzwe cyangwa grippe. Ibyo bikoko bibangamira imiyoboro yawe y’ubuhumekero, bigatuma yibyimba kandi itanga umusemburo mwinshi.

Impamvu zisanzwe zirimo:

• Indwara ziterwa n’agakoko (zigira uruhare mu kubaho kwa bronchitis ikabije hafi 90%)
• Indwara ziterwa na bagiteri (ni gake, ariko zishobora kubaho)
• Kuhura n’ibintu bibangamira nk’itabi, umwanda wo mu kirere, cyangwa ibyuka by’ibintu by’imiti
• Umutobe, ibyatsi, cyangwa ibindi bintu biri mu kirere
• Indwara y’umwijima mu gifu (GERD), aho aside yo mu gifu ibangamira imiyoboro y’ubuhumekero

Bronchitis ikaze ifite ibindi bintu bitera. Itabi ni yo mpamvu ikomeye cyane, igira uruhare mu kubaho kw’ubwo bwoko bwinshi. Guhura igihe kirekire n’umwotsi w’itabi, umwanda wo mu kirere, cyangwa ibintu by’imiti byo mu kazi bishobora kandi gutera ububabare buhoraho.

Rimwe na rimwe bronchitis iba nyuma y’aho wari warwaye umwijima cyangwa grippe isa nkaho ikize. Ibyo bibaho kuko imiyoboro y’ubuhumekero yawe ikirangiza gukira kandi ikaba ikibasirwa cyane no kubangamirwa.

Ni ibihe bintu byongera ibyago bya bronchitis?

Hari ibintu bimwe na bimwe bishobora gutuma ufite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara bronchitis. Gusobanukirwa ibyo bishobora kugufasha gufata ingamba zo kwirinda, cyane cyane mu gihe cy’imbeho n’umwijima.

Ibintu bisanzwe byongera ibyago birimo:

• Kunywa itabi cyangwa guhura n’umwotsi w’itabi
• Kugira ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri buke
• Imyaka (abana bato cyane n’abakuze bafite ibyago byinshi)
• Guhura n’ibintu bibangamira ibihaha mu kazi cyangwa mu kirere
• Kugira asthme cyangwa allergie
• Indwara y’umwijima mu gifu (GERD)
• Kuba mu turere dufite umwanda mwinshi wo mu kirere

Abantu bakora imirimo imwe na imwe bafite ibyago byinshi. Ibyo birimo abahura n’umukungugu w’ibinyampeke, imyenda, ammoniac, aside ikomeye, cyangwa chlorine. No guhura n’ibyo bintu bibangamira igihe gito bishobora gutera bronchitis ku bantu bafite uburibwe.

Kugira indwara z’ubuhumekero kenshi bishobora kandi kongera ibyago byawe, kuko ububabare busubira kenshi butuma imiyoboro y’ubuhumekero yawe iba ikibasirwa cyane n’ibibazo by’igihe kizaza.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga kubera bronchitis?

Ubundi buryo bwa bronchitis ikabije bukunda gukira ubwo bwite, ariko ibimenyetso bimwe na bimwe bisaba ubuvuzi. Ukwiye kuvugana na muganga wawe niba ibimenyetso byawe bikomeye cyangwa bidakira nk’uko byari biteganyijwe.

Shaka ubuvuzi niba ufite:

• Inkorora imara ibyumweru birenga bitatu
• Ubushyuhe burenze 101°F (38.3°C)
• Ukorora amaraso cyangwa umusemburo ufite amaraso
• Guhumeka nabi cyane cyangwa umwuka
• Ibimenyetso bya pneumonie, nko gukonja cyane hamwe no guhinda umubiri
• Ibimenyetso biba bibi aho kugenda bigenda bikira nyuma y’icyumweru

Niba ufite indwara zidakira nk’indwara z’umutima, indwara z’ibihaha, cyangwa ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri buke, ni byiza kuvugana na muganga wawe hakiri kare aho gutegereza. Izo ndwara zishobora gutuma bronchitis iba ikomeye.

Ku bantu bafite bronchitis ikaze, gukurikiranwa n’abaganga buhoraho ni ingenzi mu kwirinda ingaruka mbi no gucunga ibimenyetso neza.

Ni izihe ngaruka zishoboka za bronchitis?

Nubwo abantu benshi bakira bronchitis ikabije nta kibazo, ingaruka zishobora kubaho rimwe na rimwe. Kumenya ibyo bishoboka bigufasha kumenya igihe ukwiye gushaka ubuvuzi bundi.

Ingaruka zishoboka zirimo:

• Pneumonie (indwara ikwirakwira mu bihaha)
• Bronchitis ikaze iterwa n’ibindi bibazo byakabije
• Kugenda nabi kwa asthme cyangwa izindi ndwara z’ibihaha
• Indwara ziterwa na bagiteri
• Gukira igihe kirekire ku bantu bafite ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri buke

Bronchitis ikaze ishobora gutera ingaruka zikomeye z’igihe kirekire. Ibyo birimo emphysema, ibibazo by’umutima bitewe n’igipimo gito cy’oxygène, n’indwara z’ubuhumekero kenshi. Inkuru nziza ni uko kureka kunywa itabi bishobora kugabanya cyangwa se no guhagarika iterambere rya bronchitis ikaze.

Abantu benshi bafite bronchitis ikabije barakira neza nta ngaruka z’igihe kirekire ku mikorere y’ibihaha byabo.

Uko bronchitis ishobora kwirindwa

Urashobora gufata intambwe nyinshi zifatika kugira ngo ugabanye ibyago byo kurwara bronchitis. Ingamba zikomeye zo kwirinda zibanda ku kwirinda indwara z’ubuhumekero n’ibintu bibangamira ibihaha.

Ingamba z’ingenzi zo kwirinda zirimo:

• Kwoza intoki kenshi, cyane cyane mu gihe cy’imbeho n’umwijima
• Kwikingiza grippe buri mwaka
• Kwirinda umwotsi w’itabi n’umwotsi w’itabi
• Kwambara agapfukamunwa mu bice byuzuye umukungugu cyangwa umwanda
• Guhangana n’ibibazo by’ubuzima nk’asthme cyangwa GERD
• Kunywa amazi ahagije no kugira ubuzima bwiza muri rusange

Niba unywa itabi, kureka ni cyo kintu cyingenzi cyane ushobora gukora kugira ngo wirinde bronchitis ikaze. Nubwo waba umaze imyaka myinshi unywa itabi, ibihaha byawe bishobora gutangira gukira uhagaritse.

Mu gihe cy’imbeho n’umwijima, gerageza kwirinda ahantu hahuriye abantu benshi uko bishoboka, kandi ntugahe abandi ibintu byawe nk’ibikombe cyangwa ibikoresho niba bashobora kuba barwaye.

Uko bronchitis imenyekana

Muganga wawe ashobora kumenya bronchitis bitewe n’ibimenyetso byawe n’isuzuma ry’umubiri. Azumva ibihaha byawe akoresheje stethoscope kandi azakubaza ibyerekeye inkorora yawe, umusemburo utanga, n’indwara uheruka kugira.

Uburyo bwo kumenya indwara busanzwe burimo kuganira ku bimenyetso byawe, amateka yawe y’ubuzima, n’izindi ndwara z’ubuhumekero uheruka kugira. Muganga wawe azita cyane ku gihe inkorora yawe imaze n’uko umusemburo wawe usa.

Ibizamini by’inyongera bishobora kuba bikenewe mu bihe bimwe na bimwe:

• X-ray y’ikifuba kugira ngo habeho kwirinda pneumonie
• Umuco w’umusemburo niba bakeka ko indwara iterwa na bagiteri
• Ibizamini by’imikorere y’ibihaha kuri bronchitis ikaze
• Ibizamini by’amaraso kugira ngo harebwe ibimenyetso by’indwara

Kuri bronchitis ikaze, muganga wawe ashobora gutegeka ibizamini by’imikorere y’ibihaha kugira ngo apime neza uko ibihaha byawe bikora. Ibyo bizamini bifasha kumenya uburemere bw’indwara no kuyobora imyanzuro y’ubuvuzi.

Ubundi buryo bwa bronchitis ikabije ntibukenera ibizamini byinshi, kuko kumenya indwara bisanzwe bimenyekana bitewe n’ibimenyetso byawe n’isuzuma.

Uko bronchitis ivurwa

Ubuvuzi bwa bronchitis bugamije kugabanya ibimenyetso no gufasha umubiri wawe gukira. Ubundi buryo bwa bronchitis ikabije buterwa n’agakoko, bityo antibiotique ntizifasha kandi ntizisanzwe zandikwamo.

Uburyo busanzwe bwo kuvura burimo:

• Ikiruhuko n’amazi ahagije kugira ngo umubiri wawe urwanye indwara
• Imiti igabanya ububabare iboneka mu maduka nk’acetaminophen cyangwa ibuprofen
• Imiti igabanya inkorora ku nkorora ikomeye, yumye ibuza gusinzira
• Imiti ifasha gukuraho umusemburo
• Ibisanzwe bishyushya umwuka cyangwa guhumeka umwuka ushyushye kugira ngo byorohereze imiyoboro y’ubuhumekero yababaye
• Bronchodilators niba ufite umwuka cyangwa ugira ingorane mu guhumeka

Muganga wawe ashobora kwandika antibiotique niba akeka ko indwara iterwa na bagiteri cyangwa niba ufite ibintu bimwe na bimwe byongera ibyago bigatuma ingaruka mbi ziba nyinshi. Ibyo ni byo bisanzwe bibaho ku bantu bafite indwara z’ibihaha zidakira cyangwa ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri buke.

Kuri bronchitis ikaze, ubuvuzi bugamije kugabanya iterambere ry’indwara no gucunga ibimenyetso. Ibyo bishobora kuba birimo imiti yandikiwe na muganga, kuvugurura uburyo bwo guhumeka, no kuvura oxygen mu bihe bikomeye.

Uko wakwitaho iwawe mu gihe ufite bronchitis

Kwitaho iwawe bishobora cyane gufasha gukira bronchitis. Intego ni ugufasha umubiri wawe gukira mu gihe uhangana n’ibimenyetso bibi.

Ingamba zikomeye zo kwitaho iwawe zirimo:

• Kunywa amazi ashyushye menshi nk’icyayi cy’ibimera, amazi ashyushye afite ubuki, cyangwa umuyonga
• Gukoresha igikoresho gishyushya umwuka cyangwa guhumeka umwuka ushyushye uvuye mu mvura ishyushye
• Kuryama bihagije no gusinzira
• Kwima umwotsi n’ibindi bintu bibangamira ibihaha
• Kurya ibiryo bifite intungamubiri kugira ngo ufashe ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri wawe
• Kunywa ubuki kugira ngo ugabanye inkorora (bitari ku bana bari munsi y’umwaka umwe)

Amazi ashyushye ashobora kuba atuje cyane kandi afasha gukuraho umusemburo, bigatuma byoroshye gukorora.

Irinde imiti igabanya inkorora niba utanga umusemburo, kuko inkorora ifasha gukuraho imiyoboro y’ubuhumekero. Ariko rero, niba inkorora yumye ikubuza gusinzira, imiti igabanya inkorora mbere yo kuryama ishobora kugufasha.

Tega amatwi umubiri wawe kandi uruhuke igihe wumva unaniwe. Kugerageza cyane bishobora kugabanya ubuvuzi bwawe kandi bikaba byatuma habaho ingaruka mbi.

Uko wakwitegura gusura muganga wawe

Kwitoza gusura muganga wawe bishobora gufasha guhamya ko uboneye ubuvuzi bukwiye bwa bronchitis yawe. Tekereza ku bimenyetso byawe kandi usange amakuru akenewe mbere.

Mbere y’aho ugiye kwa muganga, tekereza kuri ibi:

• Kwandika ibimenyetso byawe byose n’igihe byatangiye
• Kureba icyatuma ibimenyetso byawe bigenda neza cyangwa biba bibi
• Kwandika imiti yose n’ibindi bintu ufata
• Gutegura ibibazo ku ndwara yawe n’uburyo bwo kuvura
• Kuzana urutonde rw’indwara uheruka kugira cyangwa ibyo wahuriyemo

Tegura gusobanura inkorora yawe mu buryo burambuye. Ese ni yumye cyangwa itanga umusemburo? Umusemburo usa gute? Umaze igihe kingana iki ukorora? Ibyo bintu bifasha muganga wawe gusobanukirwa indwara yawe neza.

Niba unywa itabi cyangwa wahuye n’ibintu bibangamira ibihaha, ube wambaye ukuri kuri ibyo. Muganga wawe akeneye ayo makuru kugira ngo aguhe ubuvuzi n’inama zo kwirinda byiza.

Icyo ukwiye kumenya cyane kuri bronchitis

Bronchitis ni indwara isanzwe isanzwe ikira ubwayo ukoresheje ubuvuzi bwite n’ikiruhuko. Nubwo inkorora idashira ishobora kuba ikubabaza, ni ubusanzwe uburyo umubiri wawe ukirana kandi ukuraho ibintu bibangamira imiyoboro y’ubuhumekero.

Abantu benshi bafite bronchitis ikabije barakira neza mu byumweru 1-3 nta ngaruka z’igihe kirekire. Ikintu cy’ingenzi ni kuruhuka, kunywa amazi ahagije, no kwirinda ibintu bibangamira ibihaha mu gihe umubiri wawe ukirangiza gukira.

Wibuke ko kwirinda ari cyo kintu cyiza cyane. Ibintu byoroshye nk’ukwoza intoki kenshi, kwirinda umwotsi, no kwikingiza bishobora kugabanya cyane ibyago byo kurwara bronchitis.

Niba uhangayikishijwe n’ibimenyetso byawe cyangwa bidakira nk’uko byari biteganyijwe, ntutinye kuvugana na muganga wawe. Gutabara hakiri kare bishobora kwirinda ingaruka mbi kandi bikagufasha kumva wishimye vuba.

Ibibazo bikunze kubaho kuri bronchitis

Ese bronchitis yandura?

Ibyorezo biterwa na bronchitis bishobora kwandura, ariko bronchitis ubwayo ntiyahita yandurira umuntu undi. Niba bronchitis yawe yatangiye n’umwijima cyangwa grippe, ushobora kuba wandura mu ntangiriro iyo ufite umuriro cyangwa ibindi bimenyetso by’indwara. Iyo umaze amasaha 24 nta muriro, ntuba ukirwaye.

Bronchitis imara igihe kingana iki?

Bronchitis ikabije isanzwe imara ibyumweru 1-3, nubwo inkorora yawe ishobora kumara ibyumweru byinshi nyuma y’aho ibindi bimenyetso bikize. Iyo nkorora idashira ni ibisanzwe kandi ntibivuze ko ukiri umurwayi. Bronchitis ikaze ni indwara iramba isaba gucungwa buri gihe kandi ntigenda burundu.

Ese nshobora gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri mfite bronchitis?

Ni byiza kuruhuka no kwirinda imyitozo ikomeye mu gihe ufite bronchitis ikabije. Ibikorwa byoroshye nk’ugenda buhoro buhoro bisanzwe byiza niba ubona ubikwiye, ariko tega amatwi umubiri wawe. Subira mu myitozo isanzwe uko ibimenyetso byawe bigenda bikira kandi ufite imbaraga nyinshi.

Ese nakwiye gutaha mu kazi mfite bronchitis?

Niba ufite umuriro, wumva unaniwe cyane, cyangwa uri mu ntangiriro za bronchitis iterwa n’agakoko, gutaha ni byiza haba kugira ngo ukire no kwirinda kwanduza abandi. Ushobora gusubira mu kazi igihe umaze amasaha 24 nta muriro kandi wumva wishimye, nubwo ugifite inkorora ntoya.

Ni ibihe biryo nakwiye kurya cyangwa kwirinda mfite bronchitis?

Ibanda ku biryo bifite intungamubiri, byoroshye kugogora bifasha ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri wawe. Amavuta ashyushye, icyayi cy’ibimera, n’ibiryo bikungahaye kuri vitamine C bishobora kugira akamaro. Irinde amata niba ubona yongera umusemburo, nubwo ibyo bitandukanye ku muntu ku wundi. Nywa amazi ahagije, icyayi cy’ibimera, n’amazi meza.