Ese ni iki kibazo cya Bullous Pemphigoid? Ibimenyetso, Impamvu, n'Ubuvuzi

Bullous pemphigoid ni indwara y’uruhu iterwa na système immunitaire, itera ibikomere binini byuzuye amazi ku ruhu rwawe. Système immunitaire yawe itera ibitero ku ntungamubiri z’uruhu rwawe, bigatera ibyo bikomere bibabaza, bikunze kugaragara ku maboko, amaguru, n’ibice by’umubiri.

Iyi ndwara ikunda kwibasira abantu bakuze, cyane cyane abarengeje imyaka 60. Nubwo ishobora kugaragara nk’iteye ubwoba, bullous pemphigoid ivurwa neza uko bikwiye, kandi abantu benshi bashobora guhangana n’ibimenyetso byayo neza.

Ibimenyetso bya Bullous Pemphigoid ni ibihe?

Ikimenyetso nyamukuru ni ibikomere binini, byuzuye amazi, bigaragara ku ruhu rwawe. Ibyo bikomere bikunze kugira uburebure bwa santimetero 1-3, kandi byuzuye amazi meza, nubwo rimwe na rimwe bishobora kuba birimo amaraso.

Mbere y’uko ibikomere bigaragara, ushobora kugira ibimenyetso by’uburyo bwo kubimenya hakiri kare:

• Kuryaryatwa cyane bishobora kubangamira ibitotsi
• Ibice by’uruhu rutukura, byuzuye umuriro
• Uruhu rw’ibihumyo, ruzamuka rugakira
• Uruhu rumeze nk’urukarishye cyangwa rurerure mu duce tumwe na tumwe

Ibyo bikomere ubwayo bifite ibimenyetso byihariye bibitandukanya n’izindi ndwara z’uruhu. Bikunze kuba binini, bifite ishusho nk’iy’igikoma, kandi bifite inkuta zikomeye bituma bidakora vuba ugereranije n’izindi mpuzandengo z’ibikomere.

Ubusanzwe, uzabona ibyo bikomere ku maboko, amaguru, ku gatuza, ku mugongo, no ku nda. Bikunda kugaragara ahantu uruhu rwawe rukubita cyangwa rugira ikibazo, nko hafi y’ingingo cyangwa aho imyenda ikubita umubiri wawe.

Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, bullous pemphigoid ishobora kwibasira akanwa, igatera ibikomere bibabaza imbere y’amasura, mu minwa, cyangwa mu muhogo. Ibi bibaho ku kigero cya 10-30% by’abantu bafite iyo ndwara, kandi bishobora gutera ikibazo mu kurya cyangwa mu kunywa.

Gake cyane, ushobora kugira ibindi bimenyetso nk’umunaniro ukabije, umuriro muke, cyangwa ibihumyo byuzuye. Ibyo bimenyetso bikunda kugaragara iyo indwara ikwirakwira cyane cyangwa mu gihe cy’uburwayi.

Ese ni iki giterwa na Bullous Pemphigoid?

Bullous pemphigoid ibaho iyo système immunitaire yawe idakora neza, ikagaba ibitero ku ntungamubiri z’uruhu rwawe. By’umwihariko, itera ibitero ku ntungamubiri zitwa BP180 na BP230, zifasha guhuza imiterere y’uruhu rwawe.

Tekereza kuri izo ntungamubiri nk’ikiyobora gifasha guhuza imiterere y’uruhu rwawe. Iyo système immunitaire yawe igabye ibitero kuri zo, imiterere irahungabana, amazi akaba arimo hagati yayo, bigatera ibyo bikomere binini.

Ibintu byinshi bishobora gutera ubwo buryo bwo kwirwanaho kwa système immunitaire, nubwo impamvu nyamukuru idakunze kumenyekana:

• Imiti imwe na imwe, cyane cyane imiti y’amazi, imiti ya antibiyotike, n’imiti igabanya umuvuduko w’amaraso
• Ikibazo cy’umubiri ku ruhu, nko gutwikwa, kubagwa, cyangwa kuvurwa kwa radiotherapy
• Izindi ndwara ziterwa na système immunitaire nk’indwara ya rhumatoïde cyangwa sclerosis multiple
• Indwara zandura, cyane cyane izibasira uruhu cyangwa umutima
• Umuvuduko, haba uw’umubiri cyangwa uw’amarangamutima, bishobora gutera impinduka muri système immunitaire

Imyaka igira uruhare runini mu iterambere rya bullous pemphigoid. Système immunitaire yawe ihinduka uko ugenda ukura, rimwe na rimwe ikaba ifite amahirwe menshi yo kugaba ibitero ku miterere yawe. Ibi bisobanura impamvu iyo ndwara ikunda kwibasira abantu barengeje imyaka 60.

Mu bihe bitoroshye, bullous pemphigoid ishobora kubaho nta mpamvu isobanutse. Imiterere yawe ishobora kukugiraho ingaruka, ariko bitandukanye n’izindi ndwara ziterwa na système immunitaire, ntabwo ikunda gukwirakwira mu muryango.

Bamwe mu bantu barwara ubwo buryo bwaho buri ku gice kimwe cy’umubiri, akenshi biterwa n’ikibazo cyihariye cyangwa uburyo bwo kuvura muri icyo gice.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga kubera Bullous Pemphigoid?

Ukwiye kujya kwa muganga ako kanya niba ufite ibikomere binini byuzuye amazi ku ruhu rwawe, cyane cyane niba bifatanije no kuryaryatwa cyane. Kumenya hakiri kare no kuvura birashobora gukumira ingaruka mbi kandi bikagufasha kumva utekanye.

Ntugatege amatwi niba ubona ibikomere byinshi bigaragara mu minsi cyangwa mu byumweru byinshi. Nubwo zimwe mu ndwara z’uruhu zishobora kumera kimwe, bullous pemphigoid isaba ubuvuzi bwihariye umuganga gusa ashobora kwandika.

Shaka ubufasha bwa muganga vuba niba ufite ibimenyetso by’uburyo bukurikira:

• Ibikomere mu kanwa bigora kurya cyangwa kunywa
• Ibimenyetso by’indwara ku bikomere, nko gutukura, umuriro, cyangwa ibyuya
• Umuriro hamwe n’ibikomere bishya
• Ibikomere bikwirakwira ku gice kinini cy’umubiri wawe
• Kubabara cyane bigira ingaruka ku bikorwa bya buri munsi

Nubwo ibimenyetso byawe bisa nk’ibyoroheje, birakwiye kubipimisha. Muganga wawe ashobora gutandukanya bullous pemphigoid n’izindi ndwara ziterwa n’ibikomere kandi agatangira ubuvuzi bukwiye mbere y’uko indwara ikomeza.

Niba umaze kuvurwa bullous pemphigoid, hamagara muganga wawe niba ubona ibikomere bishya bigaragara, ibikomere bisanzwe byanduye, cyangwa niba ubuvuzi bwawe butakora neza.

Ingaruka zo kwibasirwa na Bullous Pemphigoid ni izihe?

Abantu benshi barwaye bullous pemphigoid bashobora guhangana n’iyo ndwara neza bafashwe neza, ariko zimwe mu ngaruka zishobora kubaho niba iyo ndwara idafashwe neza. Gusobanukirwa ibyo bishoboka bigufasha kumenya igihe ukwiye gushaka ubufasha bwa muganga.

Ingaruka zisanzwe zigira ingaruka ku bikomere ubwayo n’uburyo bigira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi:

• Indwara ziterwa na bagiteri iyo ibikomere byangiritse bikagaragaza uruhu rutari rwo
• Ibikomere, cyane cyane niba ibikomere byanduye cyangwa bikomeza kubabara
• Ihinduka ry’irangi ry’uruhu aho ibikomere byakize
• Kubura uburyo bwo kugenda neza iyo ibikomere bigaragara ku ngingo
• Kubura ibitotsi kubera kuryaryatwa cyane n’ububabare bw’uruhu

Ingaruka ku mirire zishobora kubaho iyo bullous pemphigoid ibasa akanwa n’umunwa. Ibyo bikomere bibabaza bishobora gutera ikibazo mu kurya no kunywa, bigatera ibibazo byo kugabanya ibiro, kukama, cyangwa imirire mibi, cyane cyane mu bantu bakuze.

Imiti ikoreshwa mu kuvura bullous pemphigoid rimwe na rimwe ishobora gutera ingaruka mbi, cyane cyane iyo ikoreshwa igihe kirekire. Corticoïdes, akenshi zikenewe mu buvuzi, zishobora kugira ingaruka ku magufwa yawe, isukari mu maraso, na système immunitaire yawe igihe kirekire.

Mu bihe bitoroshye, bullous pemphigoid ishobora gutera ingaruka zikomeye. Ibi birimo kubura amazi menshi kubera ibikomere byinshi byangiritse, kubura ubusugire bw’umubiri, no kongera ibyago by’indwara zikomeye kubera ko uruhu rudakingiwe neza.

Ingaruka zo mu mutwe n’amarangamutima ntizigomba kwirengagizwa. Igaragara ry’ibikomere, ububabare buhoraho, n’ibikomere bishobora kugira ingaruka ku kwihesha agaciro no ku mibereho, rimwe na rimwe bigatera kwiheba cyangwa kwikurura mu mibanire.

Gake cyane, bullous pemphigoid ishobora kuba ikibazo cy’ubuzima, cyane cyane mu bantu bakuze cyangwa bafite ubuzima buke. Ibi bikunda kubaho iyo indwara ikwirakwira cyane, yanduye cyane, cyangwa iyo ingaruka z’imiti zivurwa zigaragara.

Bullous Pemphigoid imenyekanwa gute?

Kumenya bullous pemphigoid bisaba guhuza isuzuma ry’amaso, amateka y’ubuzima, n’ibizamini byihariye. Muganga wawe azatangira akugenzura ibikomere byawe kandi akubaze igihe byagaragaye bwa mbere n’uburyo byahindutse mu gihe.

Igaragara n’aho ibikomere byawe biri bitanga amakuru akomeye, ariko izindi ndwara nyinshi z’uruhu zishobora kumera kimwe, bityo gupima ibindi bisanzwe bikenewe kugira ngo hamenyekane neza.

Muganga wawe ashobora gukora ibizamini bikurikira kugira ngo yemeze bullous pemphigoid:

1. Biopsie y’uruhu: Igice gito cy’uruhu rwafashwe gikurwaho kandi kigenzurwa muri microscope
2. Immunofluorescence y’uburyo bwa buri munsi: Iki kizamini kidasanzwe kireba antikorps zashyizwe mu ruhu rwawe
3. Ibizamini by’amaraso: Ibi bireba antikorps zihariye (anti-BP180 na anti-BP230) mu maraso yawe
4. Immunofluorescence itaziguye: Ibi byemeza ko hari antikorps zirimo kuzunguruka

Biopsie y’uruhu ni yo ikizamini cy’ingenzi. Muganga wawe azakuramo igice gito cy’uruhu kirimo ibikomere n’uruhu rusanzwe. Ibi bimufasha kubona neza aho gutandukana kubaho kandi akirinda izindi ndwara ziterwa n’ibikomere.

Ibizamini by’amaraso bishobora kumenya antikorps zihariye ziterwa na bullous pemphigoid ku kigero cya 70-90% by’abantu barwaye iyo ndwara. Icyiciro cy’antikorps nyinshi kenshi kigaragaza indwara ikomeye, kandi ibyo byiciro bishobora gukurikiranwa kugira ngo hamenyekane uko ubuvuzi bugenda.

Rimwe na rimwe muganga wawe ashobora kuba akeneye kurinda izindi ndwara zishobora gutera ibikomere nk’ibyo, nka pemphigus vulgaris, epidermolysis bullosa acquisita, cyangwa linear IgA disease. Buri ndwara muri izo isaba uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura.

Uburyo bwo gupima busanzwe bimamara iminsi mike kugeza ku cyumweru, bitewe n’uburyo ibisubizo bya laboratoire biboneka vuba. Muri icyo gihe, muganga wawe ashobora gutangira ubuvuzi bwa mbere kugira ngo agufashe guhangana n’ibimenyetso byawe mu gihe utegereje ko byemezwa.

Ubuvuzi bwa Bullous Pemphigoid ni buhe?

Ubuvuzi bwa bullous pemphigoid bugamije kugabanya système immunitaire yawe kugira ngo ihagarike ibikomere bishya kandi bifashe ibyariho gukira. Abantu benshi basubiza neza ubuvuzi, nubwo bishobora kumara ibyumweru kugira ngo hagaragare iterambere rigaragara.

Muganga wawe ashobora gutangira akoresheje corticoïdes zo hanze cyangwa izinyobwa, ari zo zikomeye mu buvuzi bwa mbere bwo guhangana n’uburyo bwo kwirwanaho kwa système immunitaire butera bullous pemphigoid.

Uburyo busanzwe bwo kuvura burimo:

• Corticoïdes zo hanze: Amavuta cyangwa imiti ishyirwa ku duce twafashwe
• Corticoïdes zinyobwa: Prednisone inyobwa ku bantu barwaye cyane
• Imiti igabanya uburyo bwo kwirwanaho kwa système immunitaire: Imiti nk’iya methotrexate cyangwa azathioprine kugira ngo igabanye ibikorwa bya système immunitaire
• Antibiyotike za Tetracycline: Izi zifite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya umuriro bishobora gufasha bamwe mu bantu
• Rituximab: Imiti yihariye ku ndwara zikomeye zidakira izindi miti

Ku bantu bafite bullous pemphigoid ku gice gito cy’umubiri, muganga wawe ashobora kwandika corticoïdes zo hanze nk’ubuvuzi bw’ibanze. Izi zishobora kuba ingirakamaro cyane kandi zigira ingaruka nke ugereranije n’imiti inyobwa.

Niba ufite ibikomere byinshi, corticoïdes zinyobwa zikunda kuba ngombwa mu ntangiriro. Muganga wawe azatangira akoresheje umunono munini kugira ngo agumye indwara, hanyuma agabanye umunono kugeza ku rugero ruto rucunga ibimenyetso byawe.

Abantu benshi bakeneye ubuvuzi buhujwe, cyane cyane mu gihe kirekire. Muganga wawe ashobora kongeramo imiti igabanya uburyo bwo kwirwanaho kwa système immunitaire kugira ngo agabanye umunono ukeneye, agabanye ingaruka mbi zishobora guterwa no gukoresha corticoïdes igihe kirekire.

Uburyo bwo kuvura butandukanye ku bantu, ariko abantu benshi babona ko ibikomere bishya bihagarara mu byumweru 2-4 nyuma yo gutangira ubuvuzi. Gukira burundu kw’ibikomere bishobora kumara amezi menshi, kandi bamwe mu bantu bakeneye ubuvuzi buhoraho kugira ngo birinde kubura.

Mu bihe bitoroshye aho ubuvuzi busanzwe budakora, muganga wawe ashobora gutekereza ku buvuzi bushya nk’immunoglobulin yo mu mubiri (IVIG) cyangwa plasmapheresis, bikubiyemo gukuramo antikorps mu maraso yawe.

Uburyo bwo guhangana na Bullous Pemphigoid mu rugo ni ubuhe?

Kwita ku buzima mu rugo bigira uruhare rukomeye mu guhangana na bullous pemphigoid hamwe n’ubuvuzi bwawe. Kwita ku bikomere neza no guhindura imibereho bishobora gufasha gukumira ingaruka mbi kandi bikagufasha kumva utekanye mu gihe cy’ubuvuzi.

Kwita ku bikomere byawe neza ni ingenzi mu gukumira indwara no guteza imbere gukira. Komera ahantu hatuje kandi humye, kandi wirinde ibikorwa bishobora gutera ibikomere gusenyuka vuba.

Dore ingamba z’ingenzi zo kwita ku buzima mu rugo:

• Komesha ibikomere bitaramenyekana neza n’amazi ashyushye n’isabune buri munsi
• Shyira imiti yatanzwe neza nk’uko byategetswe
• Fata ibikomere byangiritse ukoresheje ibikoresho bidakoraho kugira ngo wirinda indwara
• Kwambara imyenda idakomeye kugira ngo ugabanye ikibazo cyo gukubita uruhu rwawe
• Koresha ibikoresho byo kwita ku ruhu bidahumura, byoroheje
• Koga amazi ashyushye hamwe na colloidal oatmeal kugira ngo ugabanye kuryaryatwa

Guhangana no kuryaryatwa akenshi ni kimwe mu bibazo bikomeye byo kubana na bullous pemphigoid. Imyenda ikonje ishobora gufasha by’agateganyo, kandi kugira imisumari migufi bifasha gukumira ibibazo byo gukoreraho.

Ibyo urya bishobora kandi kugira uruhare mu gukira kwawe. Kurya ibiryo byuzuye poroteyine bifasha uruhu rwawe gukira, mu gihe ukomeza kunywa amazi biha uruhu rwawe ubuzima rusanzwe. Niba ufite ibikomere mu kanwa, ibiryo byoroshye, bikonje, bikunda kuba byoroshye.

Kora isuzuma ry’ibimenyetso by’indwara ku bikomere byawe, nko gutukura, umuriro, kubyimbagira, cyangwa ibyuya. Hamagara muganga wawe ako kanya niba ubona ibyo bimenyetso, kuko indwara zishobora kugabanya gukira no gutera ingaruka mbi.

Imikino yoroheje, nk’uko byemererwa, ishobora gufasha kugumana ubuzima bwawe rusanzwe n’imitekerereze yawe mu gihe cy’ubuvuzi. Ariko, wirinde ibikorwa bituma umubiri wawe uhinda umuriro cyangwa gukubita ku duce tw’uruhu twafashwe.

Komeza ibitabo by’ibimenyetso byawe kugira ngo ukureho iterambere ryawe kandi umenye ibintu byose mu gihe cy’uburwayi bwawe. Aya makuru ashobora kuba afite akamaro ku itsinda ryawe rya muganga mu guhindura gahunda yawe y’ubuvuzi.

Uburyo bwo kwitegura igihe ugiye kwa muganga ni ubuhe?

Kwitegura igihe ugiye kwa muganga bifasha kwemeza ko ubonye ubuvuzi bwiza kandi buhamye. Zana urutonde rwuzuye rw’imiti yawe, harimo n’imiti yo hanze, kuko zimwe zishobora gutera cyangwa kongera bullous pemphigoid.

Andika ibimenyetso byawe neza mbere yo kujya kwa muganga. Bandika igihe ibikomere byagaragaye bwa mbere, uko byahindutse, n’icyo bibafasha cyangwa kibangamira. Amafoto ashobora gufasha, cyane cyane niba ibikomere byawe byarahindutse kuva wateguye gahunda.

Tegura aya makuru kuri muganga wawe:

• Urutonde rwuzuye rw’imiti, harimo impinduka za vuba cyangwa imiti mishya
• Igihe ibimenyetso byatangiye n’uburyo byakomeje
• Indwara, imvune, cyangwa uburyo bwo kuvura vuba aha
• Amateka y’umuryango w’indwara ziterwa na système immunitaire
• Urutonde rw’ibibazo ku ndwara yawe n’uburyo bwo kuvura

Andika ibibazo byihariye ushaka kubaza, nko kumenya icyo witeze mu buvuzi, ingaruka mbi zishoboka z’imiti, n’uburyo bwo kwita ku bikomere byawe mu rugo. Ntugatinye kubaza icyo ari cyo cyose gikubangamiye.

Niba bishoboka, zana umuntu wo mu muryango wawe cyangwa inshuti yawe igihe ugiye kwa muganga. Bashobora kugufasha kwibuka amakuru akomeye no kugufasha, cyane cyane niba uhangayikishijwe n’uburwayi.

Tegura kuganira ku mibereho yawe ukuri. Menyesha muganga wawe uburyo iyo ndwara igira ingaruka ku bitotsi byawe, ibikorwa bya buri munsi, n’imitekerereze yawe. Aya makuru amufasha gusobanukirwa ingaruka zose z’uburwayi bwawe.

Baza ku bijyanye no gukurikirana ubuvuzi n’ibimenyetso bikwiye kukubwira guhamagara mbere y’igihe cyawe gikurikira. Gusobanukirwa igihe ukwiye gushaka ubufasha bwa muganga byihuse bishobora gukumira ingaruka mbi kandi bikaguha amahoro.

Icyo ukwiye kumenya cyane kuri Bullous Pemphigoid ni iki?

Bullous pemphigoid ni indwara y’uruhu iterwa na système immunitaire ishobora guhangana, ikunda kwibasira abantu bakuze. Nubwo ibikomere binini bishobora kugaragara nk’ibiteye ubwoba, abantu benshi basubiza neza ubuvuzi kandi bashobora guhangana n’ibimenyetso byabo neza bafashwe neza.

Kumenya hakiri kare no kuvura ni ingenzi kugira ngo hagaragare ibyiza. Niba ubona ibikomere binini, bihoraho ku ruhu rwawe, cyane cyane ufite kuryaryatwa cyane, ntutinye kujya kwa muganga vuba.

Iyo ndwara isaba guhora ugenzurwa n’abaganga, ariko ukoresheje uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura, abantu benshi bashobora kugira ubuzima bwiza. Itsinda ryawe rya muganga rizakorana nawe kugira ngo ubone uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura mu gihe ugabanya ingaruka mbi.

Wibuke ko bullous pemphigoid atari indwara yandura, kandi ukoresheje uburyo bukwiye bwo kwita ku buzima, ingaruka mbi zishobora kwirindwa. Komera uhuze n’abaganga bawe, kurikiza gahunda yawe y’ubuvuzi buri gihe, kandi ntutinye kuvugana na bo niba ufite impungenge ku ndwara yawe.

Ibibazo byakunda kubazwa kuri Bullous Pemphigoid

Ese bullous pemphigoid yandura?

Oya, bullous pemphigoid ntabwo yandura. Ni indwara iterwa na système immunitaire aho système immunitaire yawe igaba ibitero ku ruhu rwawe, atari indwara yandura ishobora gukwirakwira ku bandi. Ntushobora kuyifata ku wundi muntu, kandi ntushobora kuyitera abagize umuryango wawe cyangwa inshuti zawe ukoresheje uburyo bwo gukora.

Bullous pemphigoid imara igihe kingana iki?

Bullous pemphigoid isanzwe imara imyaka 1-5 ivuwe, nubwo ibi bitandukanye cyane ku bantu. Bamwe mu bantu bagira amahoro mu mezi make, abandi bakeneye kuvurwa igihe kirekire. Hagati ya 30-50% by’abantu bagira amahoro mu myaka 2-3 nyuma yo gutangira ubuvuzi.

Ese bullous pemphigoid ishobora gukira burundu?

Nubwo nta muti uhamye wa bullous pemphigoid, abantu benshi bagira amahoro igihe kirekire aho badafite ibikomere kandi badakeneye ubuvuzi. Bamwe mu bantu ntibagira ubundi burwayi nyuma y’igihe cyabo cy’ubuvuzi, abandi bakeneye ubuvuzi buhoraho kugira ngo birinde kubura.

Ni ibihe biribwa nkwiye kwirinda mfite bullous pemphigoid?

Nta biribwa byihariye ukwiye kwirinda ufite bullous pemphigoid, kuko ibyo urya ntabwo bikunda gutera kubura. Ariko, niba ufite ibikomere mu kanwa, ushobora gusanga ibiryo birimo ibinyomoro, acide, cyangwa ibiryo bikarishye bidakubereye. Komeza kurya indyo yuzuye ifite poroteyine kugira ngo ufashe uruhu rwawe gukira.

Ese umuvuduko ushobora kongera bullous pemphigoid?

Umuvuduko ushobora gutera kubura kwa bullous pemphigoid cyangwa kongera ibimenyetso biriho, kuko umuvuduko ugira ingaruka kuri système immunitaire yawe. Nubwo umuvuduko ubwayo utatera iyo ndwara, guhangana n’umuvuduko ukoresheje uburyo bwo kuruhuka, ibitotsi bihagije, n’ubufasha bwo mu mutwe bishobora kugira akamaro ku gahunda yawe y’ubuvuzi.