Ibibazo Bya Caverneuses

Uburwayi bwa malformation ya cavernous ya cerebrale ni uburwayi buterwa n'imijyana y'amaraso idakozwe neza, ifite ishusho isa n'umutini muto. Ishobora kuba mu bwonko cyangwa mu mugongo, kandi ishobora gutera ibimenyetso byinshi by'indwara z'imitsi.

Malformations ya cavernous ya cerebrale (CCMs) ni amatsinda y'imijyana y'amaraso mito, idakozwe neza, ifite inkuta zoroheje. Ishobora kuba mu bwonko cyangwa mu mugongo. Iyo mijyana y'amaraso ikubiyemo amaraso agenda buhoro, akenshi aba yarakaye. CCMs isa n'imitini mito. Mu bamwe, CCMs ishobora gutera amaraso kuva mu bwonko cyangwa mu mugongo.

CCMs itandukanye mu bunini. Akenshi iba ari munsi ya sentimeteri imwe. Iyo myinshi ya CCMs iba ari iy'impanuka. Ibi bivuze ko CCM iba ari malformation imwe ya cavernous kandi nta mateka y'umuryango. Ariko hafi 20% ya CCMs igera ku bantu bo mu muryango umwe. Izo zizwi nka CCMs zo mu muryango. CCMs zo mu muryango zifitanye isano n'impinduka z'imiterere y'imyororokere iherwa mu miryango. Abantu bafite CCMs zo mu muryango akenshi bagira malformations nyinshi za cavernous.

CCM ni imwe mu bwoko butandukanye bwa malformations y'imitsi y'amaraso mu bwonko ikubiyemo imijyana y'amaraso idakozwe neza. Ubundi bwoko bwa malformations y'imitsi y'amaraso harimo:

• Arteriovenous malformation (AVM).
• Dural arteriovenous fistula.
• Developmental venous anomaly (DVA).
• Capillary telangiectasia.

Ku bantu bafite ubwoko buterwa n'impanuka, biramenyerewe kugira DVA na CCM.

CCMs ishobora gutera amaraso kuva, ikaba itera amaraso kuva mu bwonko cyangwa mu mugongo, bizwi nko kuva kw'amaraso. Kuva kw'amaraso mu bwonko bishobora gutera ibimenyetso byinshi, nko gufata ibitotsi.

Bishingiye aho biri, CCMs ishobora kandi gutera ibimenyetso bisa n'iby'indwara yo mu bwonko nko kugira ikibazo cyo kugenda cyangwa kumva mu birenge, rimwe na rimwe no mu maboko. CCMs ishobora kandi gutera ibibazo by'umwijima n'umutwe.

Ibibara bya cavernous byo mu bwonko (CCMs) bishobora kutazigira ibimenyetso. Rimwe na rimwe iyo CCM ibaye ku ruhu rwo hanze rw'ubwonko, ishobora gutera ibitero by'indwara y'ubwonko. Kandi CCM ziboneka mu tundi turere zishobora kugira ibimenyetso bitandukanye. Ibi birimo CCM ziri mu mugongo, mu gice cy'ubwonko gihuza umugongo n'ubwonko, no mu mitsi y'ubwonko iri imbere. Urugero, kuva amaraso mu mugongo bishobora gutera ibibazo by'umwijima n'umutwe cyangwa kugira ikibazo cyo kugenda cyangwa kumva mu maguru cyangwa mu maboko. Muri rusange, ibimenyetso bya CCM bishobora kuba birimo: Ibitero by'indwara y'ubwonko. Uburibwe bukabije bw'umutwe. Kugira intege nke mu maboko cyangwa mu maguru. Kubabara. Kugira ikibazo cyo kuvuga. Kugira ikibazo cyo kwibuka no kwitonda. Kugira ikibazo cyo kubona umubiri kandi ugenda. Impinduka z'ububone, nko kubona ibintu bibiri. Ibimenyetso bishobora kuba bibi uko bwije n'uko bukeye bitewe no kuva amaraso kenshi. Kuva amaraso bishobora kongera kubaho vuba nyuma yo kuva amaraso bwa mbere cyangwa nyuma y'igihe kinini. Mu bamwe, kuva amaraso bishobora kutazongera kubaho. Shaka ubufasha bw'abaganga ako kanya niba ufite ibimenyetso by'igitero cy'indwara y'ubwonko. Nanone, shaka ubufasha bw'abaganga ako kanya niba ufite ibimenyetso bigaragaza ibibara bya cavernous byo mu bwonko cyangwa kuva amaraso mu bwonko.

Shaka ubufasha bwa muganga ako kanya niba ufite ibimenyetso by'igicuri. Nanone, shaka ubufasha bwa muganga ako kanya niba ufite ibimenyetso bigaragaza uburwayi bwa cerebral cavernous malformation cyangwa kuva amaraso mu bwonko.

Ibirimo byinshi bya cavernous malformations (CCMs) bizwi nka "uburyo busanzwe." Bibaho nk'ubumuga bumwe nta mateka y'umuryango. Uburyo busanzwe busanzwe bufite ikintu gifitanye isano n'ubumuga bwa venous development (DVA), ari bwo umusego udakozwe neza ufite isura y'igiti cy'umupfumu.

Ariko kandi, abantu bagera kuri 20% bafite CCM bafite uburyo bwa gene. Ubu buryo bukomoka mu miryango, bizwi nka syndrome ya familial cavernous malformation. Abantu bafite ubu buryo bashobora kugira abagize umuryango bafite CCMs, akenshi bafite ubumuga burenga bumwe. Ubuvuzi bushobora kwemezwa n'ikizamini cya gene gikenera igipimo cy'amaraso cyangwa iminywa. Ibizamini bya gene bikunze kugirwa inama ku bantu bafite:

• Ibimenyetso bya MRI bya CCM nyinshi zitagira DVA.
• Amateka y'umuryango wa CCMs.

Kirasa ubwonko cyangwa umugongo bishobora kandi gutera CCMs mu myaka 2 kugeza kuri 20 nyuma yaho. Izindi syndromes zidafite akamaro zishobora gufatanya na CCM.

Ibibera mu bwonko byinshi (CCMs) nta mpamvu igaragara bifite. Ariko ubwoko bwamamukira mu miryango bushobora gutera CCM nyinshi, haba uhereye mu ntangiriro ndetse no mu gihe. Kugeza ubu, ubushakashatsi bwamaze kumenya impinduka eshatu za gene zishobora gutera ibibera mu bwonko biva mu miryango.Ibibera mu bwonko hafi ya byose byo mu miryango byagiye bimenyekana binyuze muri izo mpinduka za gene. CCM zo mu miryango ziramamukira mu miryango binyuze mu guhindura imwe muri iyi gene: - KRIT1, izwi kandi nka CCM1. - CCM2. - PDCD10, izwi kandi nka CCM3. Iyi gene ishinzwe kugira ingaruka ku gucika kw'imigozi y'amaraso ndetse na poroteyine zibika uturemangingo tw'imigozi y'amaraso hamwe.

Ingaruka zikomeye cyane ziterwa n'uburwayi bwa cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) zigira ishingiro mu kuva ukundi kundi, bizwi nko kuva amaraso. CCMs ikomeza kuva amaraso ishobora gutera umuvuduko w'amaraso mu bwonko (hemorrhagic stroke) ikabangamira imikorere y'ubwonko.

Kuvura amaraso bishobora kongera kubaho ku bantu bagiye bavura amaraso. Kuvura amaraso bishobora kongera kubaho ku bantu bafite CCM mu gice cy'ubwonko cyitwa brainstem.

Akenshi abantu bafite ibibyimba bya cavernous mu bwonko (CCMs) nta bimenyetso bagira. CCM ishobora kuboneka kubera isuzumwa ry'ubwonko rikozwe kubera ubundi burwayi. Rimwe na rimwe ibimenyetso bimwe na bimwe bishobora gutuma umuganga wawe akora ibizami byinshi.

Bitewe n'impamvu bakeka ko iyi ndwara iriho, umuganga wawe ashobora gutegeka ibizami kugira ngo yemeze CCMs cyangwa kugira ngo amenye cyangwa akureho izindi ndwara zifitanye isano. Ushobora gukora ibizami byo kubona amafoto kugira ngo urebe impinduka mu mitsi y'amaraso. Umuganga wawe ashobora kandi gutegeka ibizami niba umaze kuvurwa CCM kandi ufite ibimenyetso bishya. Ibizami bishobora kwerekana niba hari amaraso cyangwa CCMs nshya.

• Iskaneri y'amakadiri magnetique (IRM). Muri iki kizami, ifoto igaragaza neza ubwonko bwawe cyangwa umugongo. Rimwe na rimwe hari ibara ryongera ryinjizwa mu mutsi wo mu kuboko.
• Isuzumwa rya gene. Niba ufite amateka y'iyi ndwara mu muryango, inama y'abaganga ku bijyanye na gene n'ibizamini by'amaraso cyangwa amashyirahamwe bishobora gufasha kubona impinduka za gene zifitanye isano na CCMs.

IRM ikoreshwa ku muntu.