Cerebral Palsy ni iki? Ibimenyetso, Impamvu, n'Ubuvuzi

Cerebral palsy ni uburwayi bugizwe n'ibibazo bitandukanye bigira ingaruka ku buryo umubiri wawe ugendagenda kandi ukagumana umwanya. Bibaho iyo ibice by'ubwonko bishinzwe kugenzura imiterere y'umubiri n'ubufatanye bw'imitsi bitateye neza cyangwa bikangirika mbere y'ivuka, mu gihe cy'ivuka, cyangwa nyuma gato y'ivuka.

Ubu burwayi bugira ingaruka kuri buri wese mu buryo butandukanye. Bamwe bashobora kugira ibibazo bike byo guhuza imitsi, abandi bakaba bakeneye ubufasha bwinshi mu bikorwa bya buri munsi. Ikintu gikomeye kumenya ni uko cerebral palsy idakomeza kuba mbi uko iminsi igenda, kandi ufite ubuvuzi bukwiye n'ubufasha, abantu bafite ubu burwayi bashobora kubaho ubuzima buuzuye kandi bufite icyo buvuze.

Cerebral palsy ni iki?

Cerebral palsy ni uburwayi buhoraho bugira ingaruka ku ngendo, imiterere y'imitsi, n'umwanya w'umubiri. Ijambo "cerebral" risobanura ubwonko, naho "palsy" risobanura intege nke cyangwa ibibazo byo kugenda.

Tekereza ubwonko bwawe nk'ikigo gikuru gishinzwe kugenzura imiterere y'umubiri wawe. Iyo ibice bimwe na bimwe by'icyo kigo bikangirikiye, bishobora guhindura uburyo imitsi ikorana. Ibi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku kugenda, ku kuvuga, ku kurya, cyangwa ku gukoresha intoki zawe, bitewe n'igice cy'ubwonko cyakozweho.

Ubu burwayi butangira hakiri kare mu buzima, mbere y'imyaka 2. Nubwo ari uburwayi buhoraho, ntibukomeza kuba mbi uko umuntu akura.

Ni izihe ngero za cerebral palsy?

Abaganga bagabanya cerebral palsy mu bwoko butandukanye hashingiwe ku buryo igira ingaruka ku ngendo n'ibice by'umubiri bikozweho. Kumenya ibyo bwoko bifasha mu gutegura gahunda y'ubuvuzi ikwiye kuri buri muntu.

Ubwoko nyamukuru burimo spastic cerebral palsy, itera imitsi gukomera cyane. Ni bwo bwoko bugaragara cyane, bugira ingaruka kuri 75% by'abantu bafite ubu burwayi. Ushobora kubona imiterere y'umubiri idasanzwe cyangwa ugira ibibazo byo kuruhuka imitsi.

Dyskinetic cerebral palsy igira ingaruka ku kugenzura imitsi, itera imiterere idasanzwe y'umubiri ishobora kuba yoroheje cyangwa yihuta. Abantu bafite ubwo bwoko bakunze kugira ibibazo byo kugumana umwanya, cyane cyane iyo bicaye cyangwa bahagaze.

Ataxic cerebral palsy igira ingaruka ahanini ku mibanire n'ubufatanye bw'imitsi. Kugenda bishobora kugaragara bidahwitse, kandi ibikorwa by'ubuhanga nko kwandika cyangwa gufunga imyenda bishobora kuba bigoye. Ubwo bwoko ni buke ugereranyije n'ubundi.

Mixed cerebral palsy ifite ibimenyetso by'ubwoko butandukanye. Abantu benshi bafite ubwo bwoko, aho ibimenyetso bidahuza neza mu gice kimwe gusa.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya cerebral palsy?

Ibimenyetso bya cerebral palsy bitandukanye cyane ukurikije umuntu, ariko muri rusange bigira ingaruka ku ngendo, umwanya w'umubiri, cyangwa ubufatanye bw'imitsi. Ibyo bimenyetso bikunze kugaragara mu myaka mike ya mbere y'ubuzima uko abana bagera ku ntambwe z'iterambere.

Dore ibimenyetso by'ingendo n'umwanya w'umubiri ushobora kubona:

• Gutinda kugera ku ntambwe z'iterambere nko kwicara, gutambagira, cyangwa kugenda
• Imiterere y'imitsi ikomeye cyangwa itayikomeye
• Umwanya w'umubiri udakunze cyangwa gukunda uruhande rumwe rw'umubiri
• Imiterere y'umubiri idasanzwe cyangwa guhindagura
• Ibibazo byo kubanza no guhuza imitsi
• Ibibazo byo gukoresha intoki nko gufata ibintu bito
• Kugenda ku ntoki cyangwa kugenda mu buryo budasanzwe

Uretse ingendo, cerebral palsy ishobora kugira ingaruka ku bindi bice by'iterambere. Bamwe bagira ibibazo byo kuvuga, kurya, cyangwa kubona, abandi bakaba bagira ibibazo byo kwiga cyangwa indwara z'ubwonko.

Ni ngombwa kwibuka ko kugira cerebral palsy ntibivuze ko ufite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe. Abantu benshi bafite ubu burwayi bafite ubushobozi bwo gutekereza nk'abandi kandi barusha abandi mu bijyanye n'amashuri, ubuhanzi, cyangwa ibindi bintu bikunda.

Ni iki giterwa na cerebral palsy?

Cerebral palsy iterwa no kwangirika kw'ubwonko bugikura cyangwa budatera neza. Ibi bikunze kuba mbere y'ivuka, ariko bishobora kuba mu gihe cy'ivuka cyangwa mu ntangiriro z'ubuzima.

Impamvu zisanzwe ziba mu gihe cyo gutwita harimo indwara ku mubyeyi, ibibazo by'amaraso ajya mu bwonko bw'umwana, cyangwa ibintu by'umurage bigira ingaruka ku iterambere ry'ubwonko. Rimwe na rimwe ubwonko butera mu buryo butandukanye nta mpamvu igaragara.

Impamvu zijyanye n'ivuka zishobora kuba harimo ibibazo mu gihe cy'ivuka, nko kudafata umwuka uhagije, ivuka ry'imbere y'igihe, cyangwa uburemere buke cyane. Ariko rero, ni ngombwa kumenya ko amavuko menshi aba neza, kandi cerebral palsy ni nke.

Nyuma y'ivuka, impamvu zishobora kuba harimo indwara zikomeye nka meningitis, imvune z'umutwe, cyangwa ibibazo bituma ubwonko budafata umwuka uhagije. Izo mpamvu nyuma y'ivuka ni nke ugereranyije n'iziba mbere cyangwa mu gihe cy'ivuka.

Ku muryango mwinshi, abaganga ntibashobora kumenya icyateye cerebral palsy ku mwana wabo. Ubu bujura bushobora kuba bubabaje, ariko ni ngombwa kumenya ko akenshi nta kintu umuntu yakoze cyangwa yashoboraga gukumira.

Ni ibihe bintu byongera ibyago bya cerebral palsy?

Ibintu bimwe na bimwe bishobora kongera ibyago byo kugira cerebral palsy, nubwo kugira ibyo bintu ntibivuze ko ubu burwayi buzabaho. Kumenya ibyo bishobora gufasha abaganga gukurikirana inda n'abana bavutse hafi.

Ibintu byongera ibyago bijyanye n'inda harimo kubyara abana benshi nka babiri cyangwa batatu, indwara zimwe na zimwe mu gihe cyo gutwita, n'ibibazo by'ubuzima ku mubyeyi nko guhumeka nabi cyangwa indwara z'ubwonko. Gutwita hakiri kare cyangwa nyuma cyane bishobora kandi kongera ibyago gato.

Ibintu bijyanye n'ivuka harimo ivuka ry'imbere y'igihe, cyane cyane mbere y'ibyumweru 32, kugira uburemere buke cyane, cyangwa kugira ibibazo mu gihe cy'ivuka. Abana bakeneye ubuvuzi bukomeye nyuma y'ivuka nabo bashobora kugira ibyago byinshi.

Ibintu bike byongera ibyago harimo kutumvikana kw'amaraso hagati y'umubyeyi n'umwana, kwandura ibintu bimwe na bimwe, cyangwa ibibazo by'umurage bigira ingaruka ku iterambere ry'ubwonko. Ariko rero, abana benshi bafite ibyo bintu byongera ibyago batera neza.

Kugira ibintu byongera ibyago bishobora kuba bibabaje, ariko wibuke ko iterambere mu buvuzi ryongereye cyane ibyiza ku bana, ndetse n'abavutse bafite ibibazo.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga kubera cerebral palsy?

Ukwiye kuvugana na muganga wawe w'abana niba ubona ko umwana wawe atinda gutera imbere cyangwa afite imiterere idasanzwe y'umubiri. Kumenya hakiri kare no gutabara bishobora kugira uruhare rukomeye mu byiza.

Hamagara muganga wawe niba umwana wawe atagera ku ntambwe zisanzwe z'iterambere nko kwicara ku mezi 9, kugenda ku mezi 18, cyangwa niba asa n'uwabuze ubushobozi yari afite. Ibindi bimenyetso bibangamira harimo gukomera kw'imitsi, intege nke z'imitsi, cyangwa ibibazo byo kurya.

Gira icyizere icyo umutima wawe ukubwira. Niba hari ikintu kidasanzwe ku iterambere ry'umwana wawe, bihora bikwiye kuvugana n'abaganga. Bashobora gufasha kumenya niba hari ibindi bikenewe gukorwa.

Ku bana basanzwe bafite cerebral palsy, gukurikirana buri gihe ni ngombwa. Hamagara itsinda ryawe ry'ubuvuzi niba ubona ibimenyetso bishya, impinduka ku bimenyetso bisanzwe, cyangwa ibibazo by'ububabare.

Ni ibihe bibazo bishobora guterwa na cerebral palsy?

Nubwo cerebral palsy igira ingaruka ahanini ku ngendo, rimwe na rimwe ishobora gutera ibindi bibazo by'ubuzima. Kumenya ibyo bishobora gufasha imiryango kwitegura no gushaka ubuvuzi bukwiye igihe bikenewe.

Ibibazo bisanzwe bishobora kubaho harimo:

• Indwara z'ubwonko, zigira ingaruka kuri kimwe cya gatatu cy'abantu bafite cerebral palsy
• Ibibazo by'ubukure n'imirire, cyane cyane niba kurya bigoye
• Ibibazo by'amagufa n'ingingo nko guhindagura kw'imigongo cyangwa scoliosis
• Ububabare buhoraho, cyane cyane mu mugongo, mu kibuno, cyangwa mu birenge
• Ibibazo byo kuryama
• Ibibazo by'amenyo
• Ibibazo byo guhumeka niba imitsi y'ibituza ikora nabi

Bamwe bashobora kandi kugira ibibazo byo kubona cyangwa kumva, ibibazo byo gutanga amakuru, cyangwa ibibazo byo kwiga. Ariko rero, ibyo bibazo ntibigira ingaruka kuri buri wese ufite cerebral palsy, kandi byinshi bishobora kuvurwa neza ufite ubuvuzi bukwiye.

Gukurikirana buri gihe mu buvuzi bifasha mu kubona no kuvura ibibazo hakiri kare. Itsinda ryawe ry'ubuvuzi rishobora gukorana nawe mu gukumira ibibazo igihe bishoboka no kubivura vuba igihe bibaye.

Cerebral palsy imenyekanwa gute?

Kumenya cerebral palsy bisaba gukurikirana neza iterambere ry'umwana wawe n'imiterere y'umubiri we igihe kinini. Nta kizami kimwe gishobora kumenya ubu burwayi, bityo abaganga bakoresha uburyo butandukanye kugira ngo bagere ku mwanzuro.

Muganga wawe w'abana azatangira gukurikirana imiterere y'umwana wawe n'ibizamini by'umubiri. Azareba uburyo umwana wawe agenda, imiterere y'imitsi ye, imikorere y'imitsi, n'ubufatanye bw'imitsi mu gihe cyo gukurikirana buri gihe.

Niba hari impungenge, muganga wawe ashobora kukwerekeza ku baganga b'inzobere nka neurologists cyangwa abaganga b'abana. Abo baganga bafite ubumenyi bwihariye mu ndwara z'ubwonko n'imitsi ku bana.

Ibindi bizamini bishobora kuba harimo gusuzuma ubwonko nka MRI kugira ngo barebe imiterere y'ubwonko, cyangwa ibindi bisuzumwa kugira ngo basuzume uburyo bwo kubona, kumva, kuvuga, no gutekereza. Ibyo bifasha mu gutegura icyemezo gikwiye ku mwana wawe.

Uburyo bwo kumenya uburwayi buramarana igihe, kandi ni ibisanzwe kumva uhangayitse muri icyo gihe. Wibuke ko kumenya neza uburwayi ari intambwe ya mbere mu kubona ubufasha n'ibikorwa bikwiye ku mwana wawe.

Ni iki kivura cerebral palsy?

Ubuvuzi bwa cerebral palsy bugamije gufasha buri muntu kugera ku bushobozi bwe bwose no kubaho mu bwisanzure. Uburyo bwo kuvura ni ubwumuntu, bitewe n'ubwoko n'uburemere bw'ibimenyetso.

Ubuvuzi bw'umubiri bugira uruhare rukomeye mu kuvura abantu benshi. Abavura barakora ku gukomeza imitsi, kunoza ubushobozi bwo kubanza, no kwiga uburyo bushya bwo kugenda. Ibi bishobora kuba harimo imyitozo, imikino, n'imyitozo yo kugenda nka walkers cyangwa amagare y'abamugaye.

Ubuvuzi bw'imirimo bufasha mu bikorwa bya buri munsi nko kwambara, kurya, no gukoresha ibikoresho cyangwa ikoranabuhanga. Ubuvuzi bw'amagambo bushobora kuvura ibibazo byo gutanga amakuru n'ibibazo byo kurya igihe kurya bigoye.

Imiti ishobora gufasha mu kuvura ibimenyetso bimwe na bimwe. Ibyo bishobora kuba harimo imiti yoroshya imitsi kugira ngo igabanye gukomera, imiti y'indwara z'ubwonko niba bikenewe, cyangwa inshinge za botulinum toxin kugira ngo iruhuke imitsi ikora cyane mu bice bimwe na bimwe.

Bamwe bagira akamaro mu kubagwa. Ibyo bishobora kuba harimo kubagwa amagufa kugira ngo kunoze imiterere y'amagufa n'ingingo, cyangwa kubagwa ubwonko kugira ngo bagabanye gukomera kw'imitsi. Kubagwa bikunze gutekerezwaho igihe ibindi buvuzi bitatanze ibyiza bihagije.

Ikikoresho cy'ubutabazi gifasha abantu benshi. Ibi birimo ibikoresho byoroshye nka ibikoresho byihariye kugeza ku bikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga cyangwa ibikoresho byo kugenda. Intego ni ugukomeza ubwigenge no kwitabira ibikorwa bya buri munsi.

Uburyo bwo kuvura cerebral palsy murugo

Kuvura cerebral palsy murugo bisaba gutegura ahantu heza no kugira gahunda zihoraho ziterambere ry'umwana wawe n'imibereho ye. Uburyo bwawe bwa buri munsi bushobora kugira ingaruka ku iterambere rye n'imibereho ye.

Kugira gahunda zihoraho zo kuvura murugo bikomeza ibyigishijwe mu masomo y'ubuvuzi. Abavura bawe bazakwigisha imyitozo n'ibikorwa ushobora gushyira mu bikorwa bya buri munsi, bigatuma byumvikana nk'ibintu bisanzwe aho kuba nk'ubuvuzi.

Gutegura ahantu heza murugo bifasha mu bwigenge. Ibi bishobora kuba bisobanura guhindura uburebure bw'ibikoresho, kongeramo ibikoresho byo gufata, cyangwa gutegura ibintu mu buryo bworoshye. Impinduka nto zishobora kugira uruhare rukomeye mu mikorere ya buri munsi.

Imirire igira uruhare rukomeye, cyane cyane niba hari ibibazo byo kurya. Korana n'itsinda ryawe ry'ubuvuzi kugira ngo ubone imirire myiza n'uburyo bwo kurya butekanye. Bamwe mu bana bashobora gukenera ibiryo byahinduwe cyangwa umwanya wihariye mu gihe cyo kurya.

Gahunda zihoraho zo kuryama zifasha mu buzima rusange n'iterambere. Niba hari ibibazo byo kuryama, banza kuvugana n'itsinda ryawe ry'ubuvuzi. Kuryama neza bifasha mu bintu byose kuva ku mimerere kugeza ku bushobozi bwo kwiga.

Ntucikwe n'ubufasha bwo mu mutwe ku muryango wose. Kwifatanya n'andi miryango, kwifatanya mu matsinda y'ubufasha, cyangwa gukorana n'abajyanama bishobora gutanga ubufasha n'uburyo bwo guhangana.

Uburyo bwo kwitegura kujya kwa muganga

Kwitegura kujya kwa muganga bifasha mu gukoresha neza igihe cyawe n'abaganga kandi bikaba byiza kumenya ibibazo byawe. Kwitegura neza bigatuma ibiganiro biba byiza kandi ubuvuzi bugatera imbere.

Komeza ibitabo by'ibimenyetso cyangwa ibitabo byerekana impinduka mu ngendo, ibibazo bishya, cyangwa iterambere wabonye. Shyiramo ibintu byihariye n'amatariki igihe bishoboka. Ibyo bintu bifasha abaganga kumenya imiterere n'impinduka igihe kinini.

Tegura urutonde rw'imiti ukoresha, ubuvuzi, n'ibikoresho by'ubutabazi. Shyiramo umunaniro n'uburyo ubuvuzi bumeze. Bandika kandi ingaruka mbi cyangwa impungenge.

Andika ibibazo byawe mbere. Biragoye kwibagirwa ibibazo by'ingenzi mu gihe cyo kujya kwa muganga, bityo kugira urutonde rwanditse bituma nta kintu na kimwe kirengagizwa. Banza ibibazo byawe by'ingenzi niba igihe kigabanutse.

Zana amadosiye y'ubuvuzi, cyane cyane niba ubona umuganga mushya cyangwa umuganga w'inzobere. Ibyo bishobora kuba harimo raporo z'ubuvuzi, ibisubizo by'ibizamini, cyangwa inyandiko z'abandi baganga.

Tekereza kuzana umuntu ufasha niba bikenewe. Bashobora gufasha kwibuka amakuru yavuzwe mu gihe cyo kujya kwa muganga no gutanga ubufasha mu gihe cy'ibiganiro bishobora kuba bibabaje.

Cerebral palsy ishobora gukumirwa gute?

Nubwo cerebral palsy idashobora guhora ikumirwa, intambwe zimwe na zimwe mu gihe cyo gutwita no mu bwana busa neza zishobora kugabanya ibyago byo kwangirika kw'ubwonko bishobora gutera ubu burwayi. Gukumira bigamije kubungabunga ubuzima rusange no kwirinda ibintu bizwi byongera ibyago igihe bishoboka.

Mu gihe cyo gutwita, kwitabwaho n'abaganga ni ngombwa. Ibi birimo gufata imiti igabanya ibyago, kuvura indwara z'ubuzima, kwirinda inzoga n'ibiyobyabwenge, no kwirinda indwara binyuze mu isuku n'inkingo zigenewe.

Gukumira ivuka ry'imbere y'igihe igihe bishoboka bigabanya ibyago, nubwo rimwe na rimwe ivuka ry'imbere y'igihe riba rikeneye impamvu z'ubuvuzi. Gukurikiza inama z'abaganga bawe ku bijyanye n'imikino, imirire, no kuvura ibibazo byo gutwita bifasha mu iterambere ry'umwana.

Nyuma y'ivuka, kurinda abana imvune n'indwara ni ngombwa. Ibi birimo gukoresha imyanya myiza yo mu modoka, kurinda amazu kugira ngo abana batagwa, no gushaka ubuvuzi vuba ku ndwara zikomeye cyangwa umuriro mwinshi.

Ni ngombwa kumenya ko imibare myinshi ya cerebral palsy ibaho nubwo hariho ubuvuzi bwiza kandi ntibishoboka kuyikumira. Niba umwana wawe agize cerebral palsy, ntabwo ari ikintu watumye cyangwa washoboraga gukumira mu bihe byinshi.

Icyingenzi ku bijyanye na cerebral palsy

Cerebral palsy ni uburwayi buhoraho bugira ingaruka ku ngendo n'umwanya w'umubiri, ariko ntibigomba kugabanya ubushobozi bw'umuntu bwo kubaho ubuzima buuzuye. Ufite ubufasha bukwiye, ubuvuzi, n'ubuvuzi, abantu bafite cerebral palsy bashobora kugera ku ntego zabo no kwitabira imibereho yabo.

Buri muntu ufite cerebral palsy ni umuntu wihariye, ufite imbaraga ze, ibibazo bye, n'amahirwe ye. Gutabara hakiri kare no gufashwa buri gihe bigira uruhare rukomeye mu byiza, ariko ntibikwiye kuba byiza gutangira kuvurwa cyangwa kugerageza uburyo bushya.

Icyingenzi ni ukwita ku bushobozi aho kwita ku bintu bidakora, kwishimira iterambere uko ryagenda kose, no kugira icyizere cy'iterambere rihoraho. Abantu benshi bafite cerebral palsy barusha abandi mu bijyanye n'amashuri, imirimo, imikino, ubuhanzi, n'ibindi byose.

Wibuke ko utari wenyine muri uru rugendo. Amakipe y'ubuvuzi, abavura, amatsinda y'ubufasha, n'imiryango y'imiryango ifite cerebral palsy ishobora gutanga ubuyobozi, ubufasha, n'inkunga mu nzira.

Ibibazo byakunda kubazwa ku bijyanye na cerebral palsy

Ese umwana wanjye ufite cerebral palsy azashobora kugenda?

Abana benshi bafite cerebral palsy bariga kugenda, nubwo igihe n'uburyo bishobora gutandukana. Bamwe bagenda bonyine, abandi bakoresha ibikoresho by'ubutabazi nka walkers cyangwa inkoni, abandi bakoresha amagare y'abamugaye kugira ngo bagende. Ubuvuzi bw'umubiri n'ibindi bikorwa bishobora gufasha mu kongera ubushobozi bw'umwana wawe bwo kugenda. Ikintu gikomeye ni ukubona uburyo butekanye kandi bwiza bwo kugenda kw'umwana wawe no kwitabira ibikorwa akunda.

Ese cerebral palsy igira ingaruka ku bwenge?

Cerebral palsy igira ingaruka ahanini ku ngendo n'umwanya w'umubiri, si ku bwenge. Nubwo bamwe mu bantu bafite cerebral palsy bashobora kugira ubumuga bwo mu mutwe, benshi bafite ubushobozi bwo gutekereza nk'abandi cyangwa barusha abandi. Ibibazo byo gutanga amakuru bishobora gutuma bigoye gusuzuma ubwenge neza, ariko ibi ntibivuze ko ubushobozi bwo gutekereza butabaho. Buri muntu agomba gusuzuma wenyine, kandi ntidukwiye gutekereza ku bushobozi bwo gutekereza hashingiwe ku bimenyetso by'umubiri gusa.

Ese cerebral palsy ishobora kuba mbi uko iminsi igenda?

Cerebral palsy ubwayo ntigenda iba mbi kuko iterwa no kwangirika kw'ubwonko kwabaye hakiri kare kandi ntikomeza kuba mbi. Ariko rero, ingaruka ku mubiri zishobora guhinduka uko iminsi igenda. Urugero, gukomera kw'imitsi bishobora kwiyongera, cyangwa ibibazo by'ingingo bishobora kubaho kubera kubura ubusanzwe bw'imitsi igihe kinini. Ubuvuzi buhoraho n'ubuvuzi bishobora gufasha mu kuvura ibyo bibazo no kubungabunga imikorere mu buzima bwose.

Ni ubuhe buzima bw'umuntu ufite cerebral palsy?

Abantu benshi bafite cerebral palsy bafite ubuzima busanzwe cyangwa hafi ya busanzwe, cyane cyane abafite ubwoko buke bw'ubwo burwayi. Ubuzima bushobora kugira ingaruka ku buremere bw'ibimenyetso n'ibibazo bijyanye nabyo, ariko ufite ubuvuzi bwiza, abantu benshi bafite cerebral palsy babaho neza mu buzima bwabo.

Ese abantu bakuru bashobora kugira cerebral palsy?

Cerebral palsy nyayo iterwa gusa n'imvune z'ubwonko ziba mbere y'ivuka, mu gihe cy'ivuka, cyangwa nyuma gato y'ivuka. Abantu bakuru ntibashobora kugira cerebral palsy kubera imvune nshya cyangwa indwara. Ariko rero, abantu bakuru bashobora kugira ibibazo biterwa n'ibimenyetso nk'ibyo, nko guhindagurika kw'amaraso, imvune z'ubwonko, cyangwa ibindi bibazo by'imitsi. Niba umuntu mukuru agize ibibazo byo kugenda, ni ngombwa kujya kwa muganga kugira ngo asuzumwe neza kandi amenye uburwayi afite.