Kuvura Abana? Ibimenyetso, Impamvu, No Kubona Ubufasha

Kuvura umwana bibaho iyo umuntu mukuru akomerekeza umwana ku mubiri, mu bwenge, cyangwa mu buryo bw’igitsina, cyangwa akananirwa kumuha uburinzi n’ibanze. Ni ikibazo gikomeye kigira ingaruka kuri miliyoni z’abana ku isi hose, ariko tubikesha ubumenyi n’ubufasha, dushobora kumenya ibimenyetso no gufata ingamba zo kurinda abana bafite intege nke.

Gusobanukirwa ibirebana no kuvura abana bidufasha kuba abavoka beza b’abana mu muryango wacu. Buri mwana agomba kumva afite umutekano, akundwa, kandi arinzwe.

Kuvura Abana Bisobanura Iki?

Kuvura umwana ni igikorwa cyose cyangwa kudakora igikorwa cyangiza umwana uri munsi y’imyaka 18. Ibi birimo ihohoterwa rikorerwa ku mubiri, ihohoterwa mu bwenge, ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina, cyangwa kwirengagiza ibyangombwa nk’ibiribwa, amacumbi, n’ubuvuzi.

Ihohoterwa rishobora kuba mu muryango uwo ari wo wose, bitabayeho kureba umutungo, uburezi, cyangwa inkomoko. Akenshi bibaho mu rugo n’umuntu umwana azi kandi yiringira, nubwo bishobora kuba no mu mashuri, mu muryango, cyangwa ahandi.

Ingaruka z’ihohoterwa zirenga kure ibyangiza byihuse. Bishobora kugira ingaruka ku iterambere ry’umwana, imibanire, n’imibereho ye muri rusange mu buzima bwe bwose.

Ni Izihe Nyito Z’Ihohoterwa Ry’Abana?

Kuvura abana bisanzwe bigabanywamo ibice bine by’ingenzi, buri kimwe gifite ibimenyetso n’ibimenyetso byihariye. Gusobanukirwa izi nyito bidufasha kumenya igihe umwana ashobora kuba akeneye ubufasha.

Ihohoterwa rikorerwa ku mubiri ririmo gukomeretsa umubiri w’umwana nkana binyuze mu kumukubita, kumukunkumura, kumutwika, cyangwa ibindi bikorwa by’urugomo. Ubu bwoko bw’ihohoterwa bushobora kugaragara ku bimenyetso nk’ibicupa, ibikomere, cyangwa ibikomere mu buryo butunguranye cyangwa ahantu hatunguranye.

Ihohoterwa mu bwenge rihangayikisha agaciro k’umwana binyuze mu kumunenga buri gihe, kumutera ubwoba, kumwanga, cyangwa kumubuza urukundo n’ubufasha. Ubu bwoko bushobora kuba bigoye kububona ariko ni bibi cyane ku iterambere ry’umwana.

Ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina ririmo igikorwa icyo ari cyo cyose cy’igitsina gikorerwa umwana, harimo no gukora ku mubiri mu buryo budakwiye, kwerekana ibintu by’igitsina, cyangwa gukoreshwa nabi. Abana bashobora kwerekana impinduka zitunguranye mu myitwarire cyangwa ubumenyi bw’igitsina budakwiye ubwabo.

Kwirengagiza bibaho iyo ababyeyi bananiwe gutanga ibyangombwa nk’ibiribwa, imyenda, amacumbi, ubuvuzi, cyangwa kureba. Ibi ni bwo buryo busanzwe bw’ihohoterwa rikorerwa abana.

Ni Izihe Nkomoko Z’Ihohoterwa Ry’Abana?

Kuvura abana biterwa n’ivangura ry’ibintu byinshi, birimo iby’umuntu ku giti cye, umuryango, n’iby’umuryango muri rusange. Nta kintu kimwe gisobanura impamvu ihohoterwa ribaho, ariko gusobanukirwa ibintu byongera ibyago bidufasha gukora mu kwirinda.

Hari ibintu byinshi bishobora kongera ibyago byo gukora ihohoterwa:

• Ababyeyi bakorewe ihohoterwa mu bwana bwabo
• Kwikurura mu muryango no kubura ubufasha
• Ubukene n’ibibazo by’amafaranga
• Imirire mibi cyangwa ibibazo byo mu mutwe mu babyeyi
• Urugomo mu rugo
• Kuba umubyeyi muto cyangwa wenyine nta bufasha
• Gutekereza nabi ku iterambere ry’umwana

Ni ngombwa gusobanukirwa ko kugira ibyago ntibisobanura ko umuntu azakora ihohoterwa. Abantu benshi bahura n’ibibazo batakomeretsa abana. Ariko, iyo ibintu byinshi byibasiye nta bufasha, ibyago byiyongera.

Ibintu by’umuryango bigira uruhare, birimo kubura ibikoresho, urugomo rwinshi, n’imigenzo yemera urugomo nk’uburyo bwo guhana.

Ni Ryari Ukwiye Gushaka Ubufasha Kuva Ku Ihohoterwa Ry’Abana?

Niba ukeka ko umwana akorerwa ihohoterwa, ni ngombwa guhita ufata ingamba. Izera icyo wumva iyo ikintu kitameze neza ku mwana cyangwa imyitwarire ye.

Ugomba kuvugana n’ubuyobozi niba ubona ibikomere bitasobanuwe, impinduka zikomeye mu myitwarire, cyangwa niba umwana akubwiye ku ihohoterwa. Ntugatege amatwi ibimenyetso - abahanga bashobora gukora iperereza no kumenya icyabaye.

Niba umwana ari mu kaga, hamagara polisi ako kanya. Ku bintu bidakomeye, hamagara serivisi z’abana cyangwa umurongo wa telefoni ufasha abana.

Abantu benshi bahangayikishwa no gutanga raporo, ariko ni byiza gukora ibyiza iyo umutekano w’umwana uri mu kaga. Ntugomba kumenya neza ko ihohoterwa ribaye - gusa uhangayikishijwe.

Ni Izihe Nkomoko Z’Ihohoterwa Ry’Abana?

Ibintu bimwe bishobora kongera ubukana bw’umwana ku ihohoterwa, nubwo ari ngombwa kwibuka ko ihohoterwa rishobora kuba mu muryango uwo ari wo wose. Gusobanukirwa ibyo bintu bidufasha kumenya abana bashobora kuba bakeneye ubufasha n’uburinzi bwihariye.

Ibintu bijyanye n’umwana bishobora kongera ibyago birimo:

• Kuba muto cyane, cyane cyane munsi y’imyaka 4
• Kuvuka imburagihe cyangwa kuba ufite ibiro bike
• Ubumuga cyangwa indwara zidakira
• Ibibazo by’imyitwarire cyangwa imico igorana
• Kuba adakundwa cyangwa asa n’umuntu umubyeyi adakunda

Ibintu by’umuryango bigira uruhare mu kongera ibyago birimo ababyeyi badafite ubumenyi bwo kurera, bafite ibyifuzo bidakwiye, cyangwa bahanganye n’ibibazo byabo. Kwikurura mu muryango akenshi byongera ibyo bibazo.

Ibintu by’ibidukikije birimo ubukene, ubukene bw’akazi, imiturire mibi, no kubura ibikoresho by’umuryango. Ibyo bibazo ntibitera ihohoterwa ariko bishobora guhangayikisha imiryango idafite ubufasha.

Ni Izihe Ngaruka Z’Ihohoterwa Ry’Abana?

Kuvura abana bishobora kugira ingaruka zirambye zikomeza no mu bukure. Gusobanukirwa izi ngaruka bidufasha kumenya impamvu gutabara hakiri kare n’ubufasha ari ingenzi cyane ku barokotse.

Ingaruka za hafi ku mubiri zishobora kuba ibikomere, ubumuga, cyangwa ibibazo by’ubuzima. Ibikomeye kurushaho ni ingaruka zirambye ku iterambere ry’ubwonko, cyane cyane mu bana bato cyane ubwonko bwabo bugikora inzira z’ingenzi.

Ingaruka zo mu bwenge n’imitekerereze akenshi zirimo:

• Ihangayika, umunaniro, n’ihungabana nyuma y’ibyabaye bikomeye
• Gukora nabi imibanire
• Agaciro k’umuntu hasi n’ibyiyumvo byo kudakunda
• Ibibazo byo kwiringira no kugenzura amarangamutima
• Ibyago byinshi byo gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge
• Ibyago byiyongereye byo gukora ibikorwa by’amagara mabi

Ibibazo by’ishuri n’imibanire akenshi bigaragara, birimo gutsinda nabi mu ishuri, kugorana kwibanda, n’ibibazo n’abantu bagenzi babo. Bamwe mu bana baba abantu batagira icyo bakora abandi bakora ibikorwa by’urugomo.

Inkuru nziza ni uko, tubikesheje ubufasha bukwiye, ubuvuzi, n’ubwitabire, abana bashobora gukira ihohoterwa bakabaho ubuzima bwiza kandi buhamye. Gutabara hakiri kare bigira uruhare rukomeye mu musaruro.

Uburyo Bwo Kwiringira Abana

Kwiringira umwana wakorewe ihohoterwa bisaba kwihangana, gusobanukirwa, no kwiyemeza inzira yabo yo gukira. Uruhare rwawe nk’umuntu ukunda bishobora kugira uruhare rukomeye mu gukira kwabo.

Mbere ya byose, wemere umwana iyo akubwiye ko akorewe ihohoterwa. Abana bake cyane baba babeshya kuri ibyo bibazo, kandi kwemera kwawe bitanga ukuri kw’ingenzi ku butwari bwabo bwo kuvuga.

Shyiraho ahantu hameze neza, hamenyerewe aho umwana yumva afite umutekano. Ibi bishobora kuba gushyiraho imigenzo, kuba umwe mu mategeko n’ibyifuzo, no kumufasha kumva afite ubutegetsi mu bibaho.

Tega amatwi nta rubanza iyo umwana ashaka kuvugana, ariko ntumutere utere kuvugana ibyo atishimiye. Mumenyeshe ko atari amakosa ye kandi ko umushimira kuba intwari.

Kora n’abahanga nka ba psychologue, abarimu, n’abakozi bo mu biro by’ubufasha kugira ngo umwana abone ubufasha akeneye. Kurikiza gahunda n’ibyifuzo, kandi uharanire ibyo umwana akeneye.

Witondere nawe. Kwiringira umwana uri mu nzira yo gukira ihohoterwa bishobora kuba bigoye cyane, kandi uzaba ufite ubufasha bwinshi niba ubungabunga ubuzima bwawe bwo mu mutwe kandi ukaba ushaka ubufasha iyo ubukeneye.