Cancer, Leukemia Ya Manzira Maremare

Uburwayi bwa kanseri y'amaraso bwa buhoro (CLL) ni ubwoko bwa kanseri y'amaraso n'amasogwe y'amagufa — umusemburo uri mu magufa aho uturemangingabo tw'amaraso dukora.

Ijambo "buhoro" muri kanseri y'amaraso ya buhoro, rikomoka ku kuba iyi kanseri isanzwe itera imbere buhoro ugereranyije n'izindi kanseri z'amaraso. Ijambo "lymphocytic" muri kanseri y'amaraso ya buhoro, rikomoka ku turemangingabo twangizwa n'uburwayi — itsinda ry'uturemangingabo tw'amaraso yera twitwa lymphocytes, dufasha umubiri wawe kurwanya indwara.

Kanseri y'amaraso ya buhoro ikunda kwibasira abantu bakuze. Hari ubuvuzi bufasha kugenzura iyi ndwara.

Ibitaro

Twakira abarwayi bashya. Itsinda ryacu ry'inzobere ririteguye gushyira gahunda y'ibitaro byawe bya kanseri y'amaraso ya buhoro ubu.

Arizona:  520-675-7703

Florida:  904-895-6701

Minnesota:  507-792-8721

Abantu benshi bafite kanseri y'amaraso y'ubwoko bwa chronic lymphocytic leukemia nta bimenyetso baba bafite mu ntangiriro. Ibimenyetso bishobora kuza uko kanseri ikomeza gukura. Bishobora kuba birimo:

-Umusinya w'amaraso ukura ariko ntubabaje -Umunaniro -Umuriro -Kubabara mu gice cyo hejuru cy'ibumoso cy'inda, bishobora guterwa n'umwijima wakuze -Imyeyo ijoro -Gutakaza ibiro -Kwandura kenshi

Niba ufite ibimenyetso n'ibibonwa bikomeza kukurushya, hamagara umuganga wawe.

Abaganga ntibemeza icyatuma uburwayi bwa kanseri y'amaraso bwa chronic lymphocytic leukemia butangira. Ikizwi ni uko hari ikintu kibaho gitera impinduka (mutations) muri ADN y'uturemangingo dukora amaraso. ADN y'uturemangingo ifite amabwiriza abwira uturemangingo icyo gukora. Impinduka zibwira uturemangingo tw'amaraso gukora utw'amaraso tudasanzwe, tudakora neza. Uretse kuba tudakora neza, utwo turemangingo tudasanzwe dukomeza kubaho no kwiyongera mu gihe utw'amaraso dukora neza twapfa. Uturemangingo tudasanzwe twiyongera mu maraso no mu ngingo zimwe na zimwe, aho bitera ingaruka mbi. Bishobora kwirukana uturemangingo dukora neza mu mugozi w'inyuma w'amagufwa (bone marrow) no kubangamira gukora kw'uturemangingo tw'amaraso.

Ibintu bishobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'amaraso (Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia) birimo:

• Imyaka yawe. Iyi ndwara iboneka cyane mu bantu bakuze.
• Ubwoko bwawe. Abazungu bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara kanseri y'amaraso kurusha abandi bantu b'ubwoko butandukanye.
• Amateka y'indwara z'amaraso n'igisukari mu muryango. Amateka y'indwara ya kanseri y'amaraso cyangwa izindi ndwara z'amaraso n'igisukari mu muryango ashobora kongera ibyago byawe.
• Kuhura n'ibinyabutabire. Imiti imwe yica ibyatsi n'udukoko, irimo na Agent Orange yakoreshejwe mu ntambara ya Vietnam, byagaragaye ko bifitanye isano n'ibyago byiyongereye byo kurwara kanseri y'amaraso.
• Indwara itera umubare munini w'uturemangingo tw'amaraso (lymphocytes). Monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (MBL) itera umubare munini w'ubwoko bumwe bw'uturemangingo tw'amaraso (B cells) mu maraso. Ku bantu bake bafite MBL, iyi ndwara ishobora guhinduka kanseri y'amaraso. Niba ufite MBL kandi ukaba ufite amateka y'iyi kanseri mu muryango, ushobora kugira ibyago byinshi byo kurwara kanseri.

Uburwayi bwa kanseri y'amaraso bwa buhoro buhoro (Chronic lymphocytic leukemia) bushobora gutera ingaruka zikurikira:

• Indwara zikunze kugaragara. Niba ufite kanseri y'amaraso ya buhoro buhoro, ushobora guhura n'indwara zikunze kugaragara zishobora kuba zikomeye. Rimwe na rimwe indwara ziterwa n'uko amaraso yawe adafite antibodies (immunoglobulins) zihagije zirwanya mikorobe. Muganga wawe ashobora kugutegeka gukoresha inshinge za immunoglobulin buri gihe.
• Guhinduka mu bundi bwoko bwa kanseri bukabije. Umubare muto w'abantu bafite kanseri y'amaraso ya buhoro buhoro bashobora kwandura ubundi bwoko bwa kanseri bukabije bwitwa diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Abaganga rimwe na rimwe babita Richter's syndrome.
• Ibyago byiyongereye byo kurwara izindi kanseri. Abantu bafite kanseri y'amaraso ya buhoro buhoro bafite ibyago byiyongereye byo kurwara izindi kanseri, harimo kanseri y'uruhu na kanseri z'ibihaha n'iz'umuyoboro w'igogora.
• Ibibazo by'imiterere y'umubiri. Umubare muto w'abantu bafite kanseri y'amaraso ya buhoro buhoro bashobora kwandura ikibazo cy'imiterere y'umubiri gitera ko uturemangingabo turwanya indwara mu mubiri utera ibitero ku maraso y'umutuku (autoimmune hemolytic anemia) cyangwa ku maraso y'imbere (autoimmune thrombocytopenia).

Ibizamini n'uburyo bikoreshwa mu gusobanura kanseri y'amaraso ya chronic lymphocytic leukemia birimo ibizamini by'amaraso bigenewe:

• Kubara umubare w'uturemangingo muri santimetero y'amaraso. Ibizamini byuzuye by'amaraso bishobora gukoreshwa mu kubara umubare w'uturemangingo tw'amaraso (lymphocytes) muri santimetero y'amaraso. Umubare munini w'uturemangingo twa B, ubwoko bumwe bw'uturemangingo tw'amaraso, bishobora kugaragaza kanseri y'amaraso ya chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
• Gusesengura uturemangingo tw'amaraso kugira ngo hamenyekane impinduka z'imiterere y'imborankubone. Ikizamini cyitwa fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) gisuzuma chromosome ziri mu turemangingo tw'amaraso dufite kanseri kugira ngo harebwe impinduka. Abaganga rimwe na rimwe bakoresha ayo makuru mu kumenya uko uburwayi bwawe buzagenda no guhitamo uburyo bwo kuvura.

Kumenya ubwoko bw'uturemangingo tw'amaraso birebwa. Ikizamini cyitwa flow cytometry cyangwa immunophenotyping gifasha kumenya niba umubare munini w'uturemangingo tw'amaraso uterwa na kanseri y'amaraso ya chronic lymphocytic leukemia, indwara y'amaraso itandukanye cyangwa uko umubiri wawe uhangana n'ibindi bintu, nko kwandura.

Niba kanseri y'amaraso ya chronic lymphocytic leukemia ihari, flow cytometry ishobora kandi gufasha gusesengura uturemangingo twa kanseri kugira ngo hamenyekane imico igaragaza uko utwo turemangingo ari bukabije.

Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, muganga wawe ashobora gutegeka ibizamini n'uburyo by'inyongera kugira ngo bifashe mu gusobanura, nko:

• Ibizamini by'uturemangingo twa kanseri yawe bishakisha imico ishobora kugira ingaruka ku buryo uburwayi bwawe buzagenda
• Gupima no gukuramo igice cy'amasogwe y'amaraso
• Ibizamini byo kureba imbere y'umubiri, nko kureba imbere y'umubiri hakoreshejwe mudasobwa (CT) na positron emission tomography (PET)

Iyo hamenyekanye neza ko ufite kanseri, muganga wawe akoresha amakuru yerekeye kanseri yawe kugira ngo amenye icyiciro cya kanseri yawe ya chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Icyiciro kibwira muganga wawe uko kanseri yawe ari mbi kandi uko bishoboka ko izakomeza kwiyongera vuba.

Icyiciro cya kanseri y'amaraso ya chronic lymphocytic leukemia gishobora gukoreshwa inyuguti cyangwa imibare. Muri rusange, ibice byambere by'uburwayi ntibikenera kuvurwa ako kanya. Abantu bafite kanseri mu bice bya nyuma bashobora gutekereza gutangira kuvurwa ako kanya.

Amahitamo y'ubuvuzi bwawe kuri kanseri y'amaraso ya cronic lymphocytic leukemia aturuka ku bintu bitandukanye, nko ku rwego kanseri yawe iriho, niba ufite ibimenyetso n'ibibonwa, ubuzima bwawe muri rusange, n'ibyo ukunda. \n\nNiba kanseri yawe ya chronic lymphocytic leukemia idatera ibimenyetso kandi itagaragaza ibimenyetso byo kuba mbi, ushobora kutakeneye kuvurwa ako kanya. Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko kuvurwa hakiri kare bidongera igihe cyo kubaho ku bantu bafite kanseri ya chronic lymphocytic leukemia mu ntangiriro. \n\nAho kugushyira mu ngaruka mbi zishoboka n'ingorane z'ubuvuzi mbere y'uko ubishaka, abaganga bakurikirana neza uko uhagaze kandi bagasubiza ubuvuzi igihe kanseri yawe izaba ikomeye.\n\nMuganga wawe azategura gahunda yo gusuzuma. Ushobora guhura n'umuganga wawe kandi ukagira amaraso yawe apimwa buri mezi make kugira ngo akurikirane uko uhagaze.\n\nNiba muganga wawe asanze kanseri yawe ya chronic lymphocytic leukemia isaba ubuvuzi, amahitamo yawe ashobora kuba ari aya:\n\n- Chemotherapy. Chemotherapy ni ubuvuzi bw'imiti bica uturemangingo twikura vuba, harimo n'uturemangingo twa kanseri. Ubuvuzi bwa Chemotherapy bushobora gutangwa mu mutsi cyangwa bugafatwa mu binyobwa. Bitewe n'uko uhagaze, muganga wawe ashobora gukoresha imiti imwe ya chemotherapy cyangwa ushobora guhabwa imiti ivangwa.\n- Ubuvuzi bwibanze ku miti. Ubuvuzi bwibanze ku miti bugerwa ku bintu byihariye biri mu turemangingo twa kanseri. Mu kuburizamo ibyo bintu, ubuvuzi bwibanze ku miti bushobora gutuma uturemangingo twa kanseri dupfa.\n- Immunotherapy. Immunotherapy ikoresha ubudahangarwa bwawe kugira ngo urwanye kanseri. Ubudahangarwa bwawe bw'umubiri burwanya indwara bushobora kutavogera kanseri yawe kuko uturemangingo twa kanseri bitanga poroteyine zibafasha kwihisha mu turemangingo tw'ubudahangarwa. Immunotherapy ikora mu guhagarika uwo mucyo.\n- Gusimbuza umugufi w'amagufa. Gusimbuza umugufi w'amagufa, bizwi kandi nko gusimbuza uturemangingo tw'umugongo, bikoresha imiti ikomeye ya chemotherapy kugira ngo bicishe uturemangingo tw'umugongo mu mugufi wawe dukora uturemangingo tw'amaraso turwaye. Hanyuma uturemangingo tw'amaraso tw'abakuze dufite ubuzima bwiza duturuka ku mutanga bitangwa mu maraso yawe, aho bajya mu mugufi wawe w'amagufa kandi bagatangira gukora uturemangingo tw'amaraso dufite ubuzima bwiza.\n\nUko imiti mishya kandi ikomeye yagiye itera imbere, gusimbuza umugufi w'amagufa byabaye bike mu kuvura kanseri ya chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Ariko kandi, mu bihe bimwe na bimwe ibi bishobora kuba amahitamo y'ubuvuzi.\n\nGusimbuza umugufi w'amagufa. Gusimbuza umugufi w'amagufa, bizwi kandi nko gusimbuza uturemangingo tw'umugongo, bikoresha imiti ikomeye ya chemotherapy kugira ngo bicishe uturemangingo tw'umugongo mu mugufi wawe dukora uturemangingo tw'amaraso turwaye. Hanyuma uturemangingo tw'amaraso tw'abakuze dufite ubuzima bwiza duturuka ku mutanga bitangwa mu maraso yawe, aho bajya mu mugufi wawe w'amagufa kandi bagatangira gukora uturemangingo tw'amaraso dufite ubuzima bwiza.\n\nUko imiti mishya kandi ikomeye yagiye itera imbere, gusimbuza umugufi w'amagufa byabaye bike mu kuvura kanseri ya chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Ariko kandi, mu bihe bimwe na bimwe ibi bishobora kuba amahitamo y'ubuvuzi.\n\nUbuvuzi bushobora gukoreshwa bwonyine cyangwa bukavangwa.\n\nMuganga wawe azahura nawe buri gihe kugira ngo akurikirane ingorane zishobora kukugeraho. Ibikorwa byo kwita ku buzima bishobora gufasha gukumira cyangwa kugabanya ibimenyetso cyangwa ibintu byagaragaye.\n\nKwita ku buzima bishobora kuba birimo:\n\n- Gusuzuma kanseri. Muganga wawe azasesengura ibyago bya kanseri izindi kandi ashobora kugutegeka gusuzuma kugira ngo ashake ibimenyetso bya kanseri izindi.\n- Inkingo zo kwirinda indwara. Muganga wawe ashobora kugutegeka inkingo zimwe na zimwe kugira ngo agabanye ibyago byo kwandura, nko kugira pneumonia na grippe.\n- Gukurikirana ibibazo by'ubuzima ibindi. Muganga wawe ashobora kugutegeka gusuzuma buri gihe kugira ngo akurikirane ubuzima bwawe mu gihe cyo kuvurwa no nyuma yo kuvurwa kanseri ya chronic lymphocytic leukemia.\n\nNta buvuzi bw'andi mahitamo bwamaze kugaragara ko bukiza kanseri ya chronic lymphocytic leukemia.\n\nUbuvuzi bw'imiti y'ibindi bintu bushobora kugufasha guhangana n'umunaniro, ubusanzwe ubaho ku bantu bafite kanseri ya chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Muganga wawe ashobora kuvura umunaniro mu kugenzura impamvu nyamukuru, ariko akenshi imiti yonyine ntihagije. Ushobora kubona ihumure binyuze mu buvuzi bw'ibindi bintu, nko:\n\n- Acupuncture\n- Imikino ngororamubiri\n- Massage\n- Yoga\n\Nvugana na muganga wawe ku byo ushobora gukora. Hamwe mushobora gukora gahunda yo kugufasha guhangana n'umunaniro.\n\nKanseri ya chronic lymphocytic leukemia ni kanseri ikura buhoro buhoro ishobora kutakeneye ubuvuzi. Mu gihe bamwe bashobora kubyita ubwoko bwiza bwa kanseri, ntabwo byoroshya kubona ubwenge bwa kanseri.\n\nMu gihe ushobora gutangazwa no guhangayika kubera ubwenge bwawe, uzasanga uburyo bwawe bwite bwo guhangana na kanseri ya chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Kuva icyo gihe, gerageza:\n\n- Menya ibyerekeye kanseri yawe kugira ngo ufate ibyemezo ku bijyanye no kwitaho. Andika ibibazo ugomba kubabaza muganga wawe mbere y'inama buri gihe kandi ushake amakuru muri Bibliotheque yawe ndetse no kuri internet. Amasosiyete meza harimo Ikigo cy'Igihugu cy'Ubuvuzi bwa Kanseri, Ihuriro ry'Amerika ryo kurwanya Kanseri, na Ihuriro rya Leukemia & Lymphoma.\n- Fata umuryango n'inshuti kugira ngo bagufashe. Komereza guhuza n'umuryango n'inshuti kugira ngo bagufashe. Bishobora kuba bigoye kuvuga ibyerekeye ubwenge bwawe, kandi ushobora kubona ibintu bitandukanye igihe ubwenge bwawe bumaze gusangizwa. Ariko kuvuga ibyerekeye ubwenge bwawe no gusangiza amakuru yerekeye kanseri yawe bishobora gufasha. Ibyo ni nabyo bishobora gufasha ibyifuzo byo gufasha bikunze kubaho.\n- Huza n'abandi barokotse kanseri. Tekereza kwinjira mu itsinda ry'ubufasha, haba muri komini yawe cyangwa kuri internet. Itsinda ry'ubufasha ry'abantu bafite ubwenge bumwe bushobora kuba isoko y'amakuru afatika, amayeri afatika n'inkunga.\n- Shakisha uburyo bwo guhangana n'uburwayi buhoraho. Niba ufite kanseri ya chronic lymphocytic leukemia, ushobora guhura n'ibizamini bikomeza kandi uhangayike ku bwinshi bw'uturemangingo tw'amaraso y'umweru. Gerageza gushaka igikorwa gikurura, uko ari yoga, imikino ngororamubiri cyangwa ubuhinzi. Vugana n'umujyanama, umuvuzi cyangwa umukozi w'imibereho niba ukeneye ubufasha mu guhangana n'ibibazo by'amarangamutima by'ubwo burwayi buhoraho.