Ese ni iki? Ibimenyetso, Impamvu, n'Ubuvuzi

Ese ni ububabare cyangwa gucika intege mu maguru buza iyo ugenda cyangwa ukora imyitozo, bukagenda iyo uhagaritse. Tekereza ko ari nk’imikaya yawe isaba amaraso menshi afite umwuka uhagije mu gihe cy’imyitozo, kimwe n’uko umutima wawe ushobora kumva ugoye mu gihe cy’imyitozo iyo ukeneye umwuka uhagije.

Iki kibazo kibaho ku bantu benshi, cyane cyane uko bakura. Inkuru nziza ni uko ese iyoroherezwa cyane ukoresheje uburyo bukwiye, kandi abantu benshi bakomeza kubaho ubuzima buhamye, buhimbaye, iyo bamenye icyabaye n’uko bakibona umuti.

Ese ni iki?

Ese ibaho iyo imikaya yawe mu maguru itabona amaraso ahagije mu gihe cy’imyitozo. Imikaya yawe ikeneye umwuka uhagije iyo ugenda cyangwa ukora imyitozo, ariko imitsi yamanutse cyangwa ifunze ntishobora gutanga amaraso ahagije kugira ngo ibyo bikunde.

Ijambo rikomoka ku ijambo ry’ikilatini risobanura “kugendera ukomanga,” rigaragaza uko abantu benshi bagenda iyo bafite iki kibazo. Akenshi, ese iba mu gikari, nubwo ishobora kuba mu mavi, mu kibuno, cyangwa mu nda.

Hari ubwoko bubiri nyamukuru ukwiye kumenya. Ese igaragara rimwe na rimwe ni bwo bwoko bugaragara cyane, aho ububabare buza bukajya uko imyitozo ikorwa. Ese iterwa n’ubwonko, ku rundi ruhande, ibaho iyo ibibazo by’umugongo bikanda imitsi aho kuba ibibazo by’imitsi y’amaraso.

Ibimenyetso bya ese ni ibihe?

Ikimenyetso nyamukuru ni ububabare bw’imikaya, gucika intege, cyangwa umunaniro utangira iyo ugenda cyangwa ukora imyitozo, ukagenda mu minota mike iyo uhagaritse. Uyu muzingo usobanutse ufasha abaganga gutandukanya ese n’ibindi bibazo by’amaguru.

Dore ibimenyetso ushobora kugira, kandi wibuke ko uburambe bwa buri wese bushobora kuba butandukanye gato:

• Gucika intege cyangwa ububabare mu gikari, mu mavi, cyangwa mu mikaya y’inda
• Umunaniro w’imikaya cyangwa uburemere butuma kugenda bigorana
• Ububabare buhora butangira nyuma yo kugenda intera imwe
• Kworoherwa mu minota 1-5 iyo uhagaritse ukaruhuka
• Gukonja cyangwa kubabara mu kirenge cyangwa mu kaguru
• Ibyo kubabara bitinda gukira ku maguru cyangwa ku birenge
• Uruhu rumeze neza, rworoheye ku maguru
• Umutima udakomeye cyangwa utaboneka ku maguru cyangwa ku birenge

Gake, bamwe bagira ibimenyetso bikomeye bishobora kugaragaza ibibazo bikomeye by’imitsi y’amaraso. Ibi birimo ububabare buhoraho nubwo waruhuka, guhinduka kw’irangi ry’amaguru cyangwa ry’ibirenge, cyangwa ibikomere bitakira neza.

Ububabare busanzwe bumva nk’ububabare bukomeye, gucika intege, cyangwa kumva ubushyuhe. Bamwe babivuga nk’imikaya “ifata” cyangwa yumva nk’aho “bahura n’ikibazo” mu gihe bagenda.

Ubwoko bwa ese ni ubuhe?

Hari ubwoko bubiri nyamukuru bwa ese, kandi gusobanukirwa ubwoko ubwo ari bwo bufasha kuyobora uburyo bukwiye bwo kuvura. Buri bwoko bufite impamvu zitandukanye kandi bishobora gusaba uburyo butandukanye bwo gucunga.

Ese igaragara rimwe na rimwe ni bwo bwoko bugaragara cyane kandi ibaho kubera imitsi y’amaraso mibi. Imitsi yawe yamanutse cyangwa ifunze, akenshi bitewe na atherosclerosis, bisobanura ko ibinure byibasiye ku rukuta rw’imitsi mu myaka myinshi.

Ese iterwa n’ubwonko, izwi kandi nka pseudoclaudication, ibaho iyo umuyoboro w’umugongo umanuka ukagira igitutu ku mitsi. Ubu bwoko akenshi bugira ingaruka ku maguru yombi icyarimwe kandi bishobora kandi gutera ububabare bw’umugongo, kubabara, cyangwa gucika intege.

Itandukaniro nyamukuru ni uko ese iterwa n’ubwonko ishobora kumera neza iyo uhindutse imbere (nko gukanda ikibanza cy’amaguru), mu gihe ese iterwa n’imitsi y’amaraso isaba kuruhuka rwose kugira ngo ikemuke. Muganga wawe ashobora kugufasha kumenya ubwoko ufite binyuze mu bipimo n’isuzuma byihariye.

Ese iterwa n’iki?

Impamvu isanzwe itera ese ni atherosclerosis, ikibazo aho ibinure byitwa plaque byibasira imbere mu mitsi yawe mu myaka myinshi. Iyi mibare imanura imitsi yawe ikanagabanya amaraso ajya mu mikaya yawe.

Ibintu byinshi bishobora gutera ese, kandi akenshi biba ari imwe aho kuba impamvu imwe:

• Itabi, ryangiza urukuta rw’imitsi kandi rihutisha plaque
• Diabete, ishobora kwangiza imitsi y’amaraso mu gihe kinini
• Umuvuduko w’amaraso uri hejuru ushyira igitutu gikabije ku rukuta rw’imitsi
• Urwego rwo hejuru rwa cholesterol rutera plaque
• Impinduka ziterwa n’imyaka mu mitsi y’amaraso
• Amateka y’umuryango afite indwara z’umutima
• Ubuzima butameze neza buteza imitsi y’amaraso mibi
• Umuntu ukabakaba, byongera umuvuduko ku mitsi y’amaraso

Gake, ese ishobora guterwa n’amaraso afunze, kubabara kw’imitsi, cyangwa ibibazo bidasanzwe bigira ingaruka ku mitsi y’amaraso. Bamwe bayibona nyuma y’imvune zangiza imitsi cyangwa imiti imwe n’imwe igira ingaruka ku mitsi y’amaraso.

Mu bihe bidasanzwe, ibibazo nk’indwara ya Buerger (igaragara cyane mu basigara bakiri bato) cyangwa embolism y’imitsi (amaraso afunze) bishobora gutera ibimenyetso nk’ibyo. Ibi bibazo bisaba uburyo bwihariye bwo kuvura.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga kubera ese?

Ukwiye kujya kwa muganga iyo ufite ububabare bw’amaguru, gucika intege, cyangwa umunaniro ugaragara buri gihe iyo ugenda kandi ukagenda iyo uhagaritse. Isuzuma hakiri kare no kuvura birashobora kubuza iki kibazo kuba kibi kandi bikagufasha kubungabunga ubushobozi bwawe bwo kugenda.

Ntugatege amatwi gushaka ubuvuzi iyo ubona ibi bimenyetso bikomeye. Bishobora kugaragaza ko imitsi yawe y’amaraso yagize ikibazo gikomeye:

• Ububabare mu maguru cyangwa mu birenge nubwo waruhuka
• Ibikomere cyangwa ibyo kubabara ku maguru cyangwa ku birenge bitinda gukira cyangwa bitakira na gato
• Guhinduka kw’irangi ry’amaguru cyangwa ry’ibirenge
• Gukonja cyane mu kirenge cyangwa mu kaguru
• Gutakaza umusatsi ku maguru cyangwa ku birenge
• Kutari kubona imitsi mu birenge

Ibi bimenyetso bishobora kugaragaza ischemia ikomeye y’amaguru, ikibazo gikomeye gisaba ubuvuzi bw’ihutirwa. Nubwo ibi bidafata cyane kurusha ese isanzwe, ni ingenzi kumenya ibi bimenyetso.

Nubwo ibimenyetso byawe bisa nkaho ari bito, ni byiza kubivuga n’umuganga wawe. Ese akenshi igaragaza indwara z’umutima zigira ingaruka ku zindi ngingo z’umubiri wawe, harimo umutima na ubwonko.

Ibintu byongera ibyago bya ese ni ibihe?

Gusobanukirwa ibintu byongera ibyago byawe bigufasha gufata ingamba zo kwirinda ese cyangwa kuyikumira kuba mbi. Byinshi muri ibi bintu biri mu bubasha bwawe, ibyo ni inkuru nziza.

Ibintu byongera ibyago byinshi birimo imibereho n’ibibazo by’ubuzima byangiza imitsi yawe y’amaraso mu gihe kinini:

• Itabi cyangwa ikoreshwa ry’itabi mu buryo ubwo aribwo bwose
• Diabete, cyane cyane iyo isukari mu maraso idagenzurwa neza
• Umuvuduko w’amaraso uri hejuru (hypertension)
• Urwego rwo hejuru rwa cholesterol cyangwa triglyceride
• Imyaka irengeje 50, nubwo ishobora kubaho mbere
• Amateka y’umuryango afite indwara z’imitsi y’amaraso cyangwa iz’umutima
• Umuntu ukabakaba cyangwa ufite ibiro byinshi
• Ubuzima butameze neza butagira imyitozo ngororamubiri

Hari ibintu byongera ibyago udashobora guhindura, nko kuba warigeze kubaho, igitsina (abagabo bafite ibyago byinshi), n’amateka y’umuryango. Ariko, ibintu byinshi byongera ibyago birashobora guhinduka binyuze mu guhindura imibereho no gucunga ubuvuzi.

Ibintu byongera ibyago bidafata cyane ariko bikaba bikomeye birimo indwara z’impyiko zidakira, ibibazo bimwe na bimwe by’ubudahangarwa, n’amateka yo kuvurwa kwa radiation ku maguru. Imiti imwe n’imwe ishobora kandi kugira ingaruka ku mitsi y’amaraso, nubwo ibi bidafata cyane.

Ingaruka zishoboka za ese ni izihe?

Nubwo ese ubwayo iyoroherezwa, rimwe na rimwe ishobora kugira ingaruka ku bibazo bikomeye by’imitsi y’amaraso iyo idakuweho. Gusobanukirwa ibi bishoboka bigufasha kuba maso ku bimenyetso byawe no kuvura.

Ingaruka zishoboka zigenda kuva ku bibazo by’ubuzima kugeza ku bibazo bikomeye by’ubuvuzi:

• Kugabanyuka ubushobozi bwo kugenda no kugabanuka kw’imyitozo ngororamubiri
• Gutakaza ubwigenge mu bikorwa bya buri munsi
• Intege nke cyangwa gutakaza imikaya kubera ikoreshwa rike
• Ischemia ikomeye y’amaguru ifite ububabare bukomeye n’ibikomere
• Ibikomere bitakira cyangwa ibyo kubabara ku maguru cyangwa ku birenge
• Ibyago byiyongereye byo kugira ikibazo cy’umutima cyangwa stroke
• Mu bihe bikomeye, ukeneye kubaga

Inkuru nziza ni uko abantu benshi bafite ese batagira izi ngaruka zikomeye, cyane cyane bafite ubuvuzi bukwiye no gucunga imibereho. Ubuvuzi buhoraho no gukurikiza gahunda yawe yo kuvura bigabanya cyane ibyo byago.

Gake, bamwe bagira ischemia ikomeye y’amaguru, aho amaraso ahagarika kugera mu gihe gito kubera amaraso afunze cyangwa imitsi yamanutse cyane. Ibi ni ubuvuzi bw’ihutirwa busaba ubuvuzi bw’ihutirwa.

Ese ishobora kwirindwa gute?

Kwivura kwibanda ku kugumisha imitsi y’amaraso imeze neza no kugira imitsi y’amaraso myiza mu buzima bwawe bwose. Uburyo bwinshi bumwe na bumwe bukwirinda indwara z’umutima bufasha kandi kwirinda ese.

Uburyo bwiza bwo kwirinda buganisha ku mpamvu nyamukuru z’indwara z’imitsi:

• Ntugatangire kunywa itabi, cyangwa ureke iyo ukinywa
• Kugumisha umuvuduko w’amaraso umeze neza binyuze mu mirire, imyitozo ngororamubiri, n’imiti iyo bibaye ngombwa
• Kugumisha urwego rwa cholesterol mu rwego rwiza
• Kucunga diabete neza ukoresheje isukari mu maraso igenzurwa neza
• Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe, ugerageza byibuze iminota 30 buri munsi
• Kugumisha ibiro byawe byiza
• Kurya indyo nzima y’umutima irimo imbuto, imboga, n’ibinyampeke byuzuye
• Kucunga umunaniro binyuze mu buryo bwiza bwo guhangana

Iyo umaze kugira ibyago nk’indwara ya diabete cyangwa umuvuduko w’amaraso uri hejuru, gukorana n’umuganga wawe kugira ngo ubigumishe bigenzurwa neza ni ingenzi. Igenzura buri gihe rishobora gufata ibibazo hakiri kare iyo bikira cyane.

Ndetse n’impinduka nto zishobora gutanga umusaruro mwinshi. Urugero, kugenda iminota 10 buri munsi bishobora kunoza imitsi y’amaraso, kandi kugabanya umunyu bishobora kugabanya umuvuduko w’amaraso.

Ese ipima gute?

Kumenya ese bisanzwe bitangira umuganga wawe yumvise ibimenyetso byawe n’amateka yawe y’ubuzima. Umuzingo usanzwe w’ububabare bw’amaguru iyo ugenda bukajya iyo uhagaritse akenshi bitanga ibimenyetso bikomeye by’icyo kibazo.

Muganga wawe ashobora gukora isuzuma ry’umubiri harimo kugenzura imitsi ku maguru no ku birenge, kumva amajwi adasanzwe ku mitsi yawe, no kureba ibimenyetso by’imitsi y’amaraso mibi nko guhinduka kw’uruhu cyangwa ibikomere bitinda gukira.

Ibizamini byinshi bishobora kwemeza ubu burwayi no kumenya uko kibaye kibi. Umuvuduko w’amaraso mu birenge ugereranyije n’umuvuduko w’amaraso mu kuboko (ABI) akenshi ni bwo bupimo bwa mbere bukorwa. Ugereranya umuvuduko w’amaraso mu kirenge na umuvuduko w’amaraso mu kuboko ukoresheje igikoresho cyoroshye cyo gupima umuvuduko w’amaraso n’igikoresho cya intoki.

Ibizamini byongeyeho bishobora kuba harimo ultrasound kugira ngo urebe imitsi y’amaraso, gukora imyitozo yo kugenda kugira ngo urebe intera ushobora kugenda mbere y’uko ibimenyetso bigaragara, cyangwa amashusho akomeye nka CT cyangwa MR angiography kugira ngo ubone amashusho arambuye y’imitsi yawe.

Mu bihe bigoye, muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba angiography, aho ibara ry’umwenda rihabwa mu mitsi yawe kugira ngo ubone amashusho arambuye cyane. Iki kizamini gisanzwe gikorerwa abantu bateganya kuvurwa.

Ubuvuzi bwa ese ni ubuhe?

Ubuvuzi bwa ese bugamije kugabanya ibimenyetso byawe, kunoza ubushobozi bwawe bwo kugenda, no kubuza iki kibazo kuba kibi. Inkuru nziza ni uko abantu benshi babona kunoza bikomeye bafite uburyo bukwiye bwo kuvura.

Gahunda yawe yo kuvura ishobora kuba irimo uburyo butandukanye bukorera hamwe:

• Ubuvuzi bw’imyitozo ngororamubiri bwo kunoza intera yo kugenda n’ubushobozi bw’imikaya
• Imiti yo kunoza imitsi y’amaraso no kwirinda amaraso afunze
• Guhindura ibintu byongera ibyago nko kureka itabi no gucunga diabete
• Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, uburyo bwo gufungura imitsi ifunze

Ubuvuzi bw’imyitozo ngororamubiri akenshi bufatwa nk’uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura ese. Gahunda yo kugenda igenzurwa, akenshi igenzurwa n’abahanga mu buvuzi, ishobora kunoza cyane intera ushobora kugenda no kugabanya ibimenyetso byawe.

Imiti ishobora kuba irimo imiti yo kwirinda amaraso afunze nka aspirine cyangwa clopidogrel, imiti igabanya cholesterol, rimwe na rimwe imiti ikorwa cyane cyane kugira ngo kunoze amaraso ajya mu mikaya y’amaguru.

Ku bihe bikomeye, uburyo nko gukoresha ballon (gufungura imitsi ukoresheje ballon nto) cyangwa kubaga (gukora inzira nshya zizunguruka imitsi ifunze) bishobora gusabwa. Ibi bisanzwe bikorerwa abantu bafite ibibazo bikomeye cyangwa ibimenyetso bya ischemia ikomeye y’amaguru.

Uko wacunga ese mu rugo

Gucunga mu rugo bigira uruhare rukomeye mu kugenzura ibimenyetso bya ese no kubuza kuba kibi. Uburyo ukoresha mu rugo akenshi bugaragaza uko uzamera mu gihe kirekire.

Kugenda ni bwo buryo bwawe bukomeye bwo gucunga ese mu rugo. Tangira n’intera migufi hanyuma uzamuke buhoro buhoro uko ubyumva. Iyo ububabare buje, ruhuka kugeza bugabanutse, hanyuma ukomeze kugenda. Ubu buryo bwo “guhagarara no kugenda” bufasha kubaka ubushobozi bwawe bwo kugenda mu gihe kinini.

Kwita ku birenge biba ingenzi cyane iyo ufite ibibazo by’imitsi y’amaraso. Suzuma amaguru yawe buri munsi kugira ngo urebe ibikomere, ibyo kubabara, cyangwa guhinduka kw’irangi. Komera amaguru yawe, yume, wambare inkweto zikubereye, kandi ntujye utembera utagira inkweto, cyane cyane hanze.

Gucunga ibindi bibazo by’ubuzima mu rugo bifasha kuvura kwawe muri rusange. Ibi birimo gufata imiti nk’uko yategetswe, kugenzura isukari mu maraso iyo ufite diabete, kurya indyo nzima y’umutima, no kwirinda itabi mu buryo ubwo aribwo bwose.

Gucunga ubushyuhe bishobora gufasha mu kwishima. Komera amaguru yawe, ariko wirinda gukoresha ibyuma bishyushya cyangwa amazi ashyushye, kuko kubura ubwenge bishobora gutera gutwika. Ahubwo, wambare amasogisi ashyushye n’ipantaro mu gihe cy’ubukonje.

Uko wakwitegura ku muhango wawe kwa muganga

Kwitegura ku muhango wawe bifasha guhamya ko ubonye ibyiza byinshi mu gihe cyawe n’umuganga wawe. Kuza uteguye amakuru n’ibibazo byawe bituma uruzinduko ruba ingirakamaro kuri mwebwe bombi.

Mbere y’umuhango wawe, andika amakuru yerekeye ibimenyetso byawe. Bandika intera ushobora kugenda mbere y’uko ububabare butangira, uko ububabare bumva, igihe kitwara kugenda iyo uhagaritse, niba ubona impinduka mu gihe kinini.

Zana urutonde rwuzuye rw’imiti yose ufashe, harimo imiti yo mu maduka n’ibindi. Tegura kandi inyandiko y’amateka yawe y’ubuzima, cyane cyane ibibazo by’umutima, diabete, umuvuduko w’amaraso uri hejuru, cyangwa ibyabaga byabanje.

Tegura kuzana umuntu wo mu muryango cyangwa inshuti ku muhango wawe. Bashobora kugufasha kwibuka amakuru akomeye no gutanga inkunga, cyane cyane iyo wumva uhangayitse kubera ibimenyetso byawe.

Andika ibibazo ushaka kubabaza muganga wawe. Ibi bishobora kuba ibibazo ku bijyanye no kugabanya imyitozo, igihe ukwiye guhangayika kubera ibimenyetso, cyangwa impinduka mu mibereho zishobora kugufasha cyane muri icyo gihe.

Icyo ukwiye kumenya cyane kuri ese

Ese ni ikibazo cyoroshye gifata abantu benshi, cyane cyane uko bakura. Nubwo bishobora kuba bibabaje iyo ubimenye bwa mbere, gusobanukirwa ko ubuvuzi buhari bugomba kuguha icyizere n’umuhate wo gushaka ubuvuzi.

Ikintu cy’ingenzi cyo kwibuka ni uko ese akenshi isubizwa neza n’ubuvuzi, cyane cyane iyo ifashwe hakiri kare. Abantu benshi kunoza cyane ubushobozi bwabo bwo kugenda n’ubuzima bwiza binyuze mu buvuzi bw’imyitozo ngororamubiri, guhindura imibereho, no kuvurwa neza.

Iki kibazo kandi ni ikimenyetso cy’uko sisitemu yawe y’umutima ikeneye kwitabwaho. Kwita kuri ese akenshi bivuze kwita neza ku buzima bwawe bwose bw’umutima n’imitsi y’amaraso, ibyo bigirira akamaro umubiri wawe wose.

Ntugahe ese ikubuza kubaho ubuzima buhamye, buhimbaye. Ufite uburyo bukwiye n’inkunga y’itsinda ryawe ry’ubuvuzi, ushobora gucunga iki kibazo neza ukomeza gukora ibyo ukunda.

Ibibazo byakunda kubazwa kuri ese

Ese ishobora gukira yonyine?

Ese gake irakura idakuweho, kandi akenshi iba mbi mu gihe kinini iyo indwara y’imitsi ikomeza. Ariko, ukoresheje ubuvuzi bukwiye harimo ubuvuzi bw’imyitozo ngororamubiri no gucunga ibintu byongera ibyago, abantu benshi babona kunoza bikomeye ibimenyetso byabo. Bamwe basanga ubushobozi bwabo bwo kugenda bugaruka hafi y’ubusanzwe bafite ubuvuzi buhoraho.

Ese ni byiza gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri ufite ese?

Yego, imyitozo ngororamubiri ni imwe mu buryo bwiza bwo kuvura ese, ariko igomba gukorwa igendanye n’ubuvuzi hakiri kare. Ubuvuzi bw’imyitozo ngororamubiri igenzurwa bufatwa nk’uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura. Muganga wawe ashobora kugufasha gutegura gahunda y’imyitozo ngororamubiri ikubaka ubushobozi bwawe buhoro buhoro ubwubaha imipaka y’umubiri wawe.

Ese nzakenera kubagwa kubera ese?

Abantu benshi bafite ese ntibakenera kubagwa kandi bashobora gucunga iki kibazo neza bakoresheje imyitozo ngororamubiri, imiti, no guhindura imibereho. Kubaga cyangwa uburyo nko gukoresha ballon bisanzwe bikorerwa abantu bafite ibimenyetso bikomeye bigabanya cyane ibikorwa bya buri munsi cyangwa abafite ibimenyetso bya ischemia ikomeye y’amaguru.

Igihe kingana iki kitwara kugira ngo ubone kunoza ukoresheje ubuvuzi?

Abantu benshi batangira kubona kunoza mu ntera yo kugenda mu byumweru 4-8 nyuma yo gutangira gahunda y’imyitozo ngororamubiri igenzurwa. Kunoga bikomeye akenshi biba mu mezi 3-6 y’ubuvuzi buhoraho. Igihe gishobora guhinduka bitewe n’ubuzima bwawe muri rusange, uko iki kibazo kibaye kibi, n’uko ukomeza gukurikiza gahunda yawe yo kuvura.

Ese ishobora kugira ingaruka ku maguru yombi?

Yego, ese ishobora kugira ingaruka ku kaguru kamwe cyangwa ku maguru yombi, nubwo akenshi itangira mu kaguru kamwe kandi ishobora kugira ingaruka ku kandi. Iyo maguru yombi agira ingaruka, bishobora kugaragaza indwara y’imitsi y’amaraso ikwirakwira. Bamwe bagira ibimenyetso bitandukanye mu kaguru kamwe, kimwe kikaba kigira ingaruka kurusha ikindi.