Ese Cancer ya Ruondo? Ibimenyetso, Impamvu, n’Ubuvuzi

Cancer ya ruondo ni ubwoko bwa kanseri butangira mu ruondo rukuru, kandi bakunze kuyita ruondo. Ubusanzwe itangira nk’utunyangingo duto tudakomeye twitwa polyps, bishobora guhinduka kanseri uko iminsi igenda ishira.

Iyi ndwara igira ingaruka ku gice cya nyuma cy’umuyoboro w’igogorwa, aho umubiri wawe utunganya imyanda mbere yo kuyikuramo. Nubwo kuvurwa bishobora kuguha ikibazo, kanseri ya ruondo ivurwa neza iyo ibonetse hakiri kare, kandi abantu benshi bakomeza kubaho ubuzima bwiza nyuma yo kuvurwa.

Ese Cancer ya Ruondo Ni Iki?

Cancer ya ruondo itera iyo utunyangingo two mu ruondo dukera cyane bikabera imikaya. Ruondo rwawe rugira uburebure bwa metero hafi imwe n’igice kandi rufasha mu gice cya nyuma cy’igogorwa mu gukuramo amazi no gukora umusemburo.

Kanseri nyinshi za ruondo zitangira nk’ibitonyanga bya adenomatous, aribyo ibintu bito bikura ku ruhande rw’imbere rwa ruondo. Ibi bitonyanga ubusanzwe nta cyo bibangamira, ariko bimwe bishobora guhinduka kanseri buhoro buhoro mu myaka myinshi. Iyi nzira ijyana buhoro ni inkuru nziza kuko itanga amahirwe ku baganga yo kubona no gukuraho ibitonyanga mbere yuko biba ikibazo.

Amagambo “cancer ya ruondo” na “cancer ya ruondo n’igice cy’inyuma cy’umuyoboro w’igogorwa” akenshi akoreshwa kimwe. Cancer ya ruondo n’igice cy’inyuma cy’umuyoboro w’igogorwa irimo cancer ya ruondo na cancer y’igice cy’inyuma cy’umuyoboro w’igogorwa, kuko zifite ibimenyetso n’ubuvuzi bisa.

Ni Ibihe Bimenyetso bya Cancer ya Ruondo?

Cancer ya ruondo yo mu ntangiro akenshi ntabimenyetso bigaragara itera, niyo mpamvu gusuzuma kenshi ari ingenzi. Iyo ibimenyetso bigaragaye, bishobora gutandukana bitewe n’ubunini bw’umukaya n’aho iherereye.

Dore ibimenyetso bisanzwe ushobora kugira:

• Guhinduka mu myanya y’umusemburo bikamara iminsi irenga mike, harimo kubabara cyangwa gucika intege.
• Amaraso mu musemburo, ashobora kugaragara umutuku cyangwa umukara cyane.
• Kubabara mu nda bidashira, harimo kubabara, imyuka, cyangwa ububabare.
• Kumva ko umusemburo utavuye neza.
• Gutakaza ibiro bitatewe no kugerageza kugabanya ibiro.
• Intege nke cyangwa umunaniro bidakira no kuruhuka.
• Imisemburo myiza kurusha uko bisanzwe.

Ibimenyetso bidafata umwanya munini bishobora kuba harimo isereri, kuruka, cyangwa kumva ufite umubiri wuzuye nubwo wariye bike. Bamwe bagira n’ubukemwa bw’amaraso kubera kuva gahoro gahoro, bidagaragara.

Wibuke ko ibi bimenyetso bishobora guturuka ku zindi mpamvu zitari kanseri. Indwara nka syndrome ya ruondo, hemorrhoids, cyangwa indwara zishobora gutera ibibazo bisa. Ariko, niba ubona impinduka zidashira zikamara ibyumweru birenga bibiri, ni byiza kubiganiraho n’umuganga wawe.

Ni Ibihe Bwoko bya Cancer ya Ruondo?

Kanseri nyinshi za ruondo ni adenocarcinomas, itera utunyangingo dukora umusemburo mu ruhande rw’imbere rwa ruondo. Ubwo bwoko bugera kuri 95% bya kanseri zose za ruondo kandi ni bwo abaganga bavugaho iyo bavuga ku buvuzi bwa kanseri ya ruondo.

Ubundi bwoko buke cyane harimo:

• Udukoko twa neuroendocrine, dutangira mu tunyangingo dukora imisemburo.
• Lymphoma, itangira mu tunyangingo tw’ubwirinzi mu ruondo.
• Sarcomas, itangira mu mitsi y’amaraso cyangwa mu mitsi y’urukuta rwa ruondo.
• Udukoko twa gastrointestinal stromal, dutangira mu tunyangingo twihariye twitwa interstitial cells of Cajal.

Ubu bwoko buke bukeneye uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura ugereranije na adenocarcinomas zisanzwe. Ikipe yawe y’abaganga izamenya ubwoko nyabwo binyuze mu bipimo bya biopsy, bigufasha kuyobora gahunda yawe y’ubuvuzi.

Ni Iki Gitera Cancer ya Ruondo?

Cancer ya ruondo itera iyo impinduka za ADN zituma utunyangingo two mu ruondo dukera cyane. Nubwo tutazi neza icyabiteye, abashakashatsi bamenye ibintu bimwe na bimwe bishobora kongera ibyago byawe.

Impamvu n’ibyago by’ingenzi birimo:

• Imyaka-imibare myinshi iba mu bantu barengeje imyaka 50, nubwo abakiri bato bashobora kuyirwara.
• Amateka y’umuryango wa kanseri ya ruondo cyangwa polyps.
• Indwara z’imfura za genetique nka syndrome ya Lynch cyangwa familial adenomatous polyposis.
• Indwara z’umuriro mu ruondo nka Crohn’s disease cyangwa ulcerative colitis.
• Ibiryo birimo inyama zitukura n’ibitunganyijwe, bike mu mbuto.
• Kudakora imyitozo ngororamubiri kenshi.
• Umurire, cyane cyane ibiro byinshi biri mu gice cy’inda.
• Kunywa itabi.
• Kunywisha inzoga cyane.
• Diabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2.

Kugira kimwe cyangwa ibyago byinshi ntibisobanura ko uzabona kanseri ya ruondo. Abantu benshi bafite ibyago ntibabona iyo ndwara, mu gihe abandi badafite ibyago bizwi bayibona.

Indwara zimwe na zimwe z’imfura zishobora kongera cyane ibyago bya kanseri ya ruondo. Syndrome ya Lynch igira ingaruka ku bantu umwe kuri 300 kandi ishobora gutera kanseri ya ruondo mu myaka mike. Familial adenomatous polyposis itera amagana y’ibitonyanga, bigatera kanseri niba bitavuwe.

Ni Ryari Ukwiye Kubona Umuganga Kubera Ibimenyetso bya Cancer ya Ruondo?

Wagomba kuvugana n’umuganga wawe niba ufite ibimenyetso byo mu gifu bidashira bikamara ibyumweru birenga bibiri. Ntugatege amatsiko kugira ngo ibimenyetso bikomeze, kuko kubimenya hakiri kare byongera ibyiza byo kuvurwa.

Tegura gahunda vuba niba ubona:

• Amaraso mu musemburo cyangwa kuva mu kibuno.
• Impinduka zikomeye mu myanya y’umusemburo.
• Kubabara mu nda cyangwa kubabara bidashira.
• Gutakaza ibiro bitatewe n’impamvu, byibuze ibiro 5.
• Umunaniro cyangwa intege nke zidashira.

Shaka ubufasha bw’abaganga vuba niba ufite ububabare bukomeye mu nda, kuruka bidashira, cyangwa ibimenyetso byo gufunga umuyoboro w’igogorwa nko kudashaka guhita ujya ku musarani.

Nubwo udafite ibimenyetso, kurikiza amabwiriza yo gusuzuma. Abantu benshi bagomba gutangira gusuzuma kanseri ya ruondo bafite imyaka 50, cyangwa mbere niba ufite amateka y’umuryango cyangwa ibindi byago.

Ni Ibihe Byago bya Cancer ya Ruondo?

Kumva ibyago byawe bishobora kugufasha gufata ibyemezo byiza bijyanye no gusuzuma no guhitamo ubuzima. Hari ibintu udashobora guhindura, mu gihe ibindi ushobora kubikora mu myitwarire yawe ya buri munsi.

Ibyago udashobora guhindura birimo:

• Imyaka-ibyago byiyongera cyane nyuma y’imyaka 50.
• Amateka y’umuryango wa kanseri ya ruondo cyangwa polyps.
• Amateka bwite ya polyps cyangwa indwara z’umuriro mu ruondo.
• Indwara z’imfura za genetique.
• Ubwoko-Abanyamerika b’Abirabura bafite umubare munini.
• Igitsina-abagabo bafite ibyago byinshi kurusha abagore.

Ibyago bijyanye n’imibereho ushobora guhindura:

• Ibiryo birimo inyama zitukura n’ibitunganyijwe.
• Ibiryo bike mu mbuto.
• Kudakora imyitozo ngororamubiri.
• Umurire.
• Kunywa itabi.
• Kunywisha inzoga cyane.

Kugira ibyago byinshi ntibisobanura ko kanseri ari nta kundi byagenda. Abantu benshi bagabanya ibyago byabo binyuze mu guhitamo ubuzima bwiza no gusuzuma kenshi. Umuganga wawe ashobora kugufasha gusuzuma urwego rwawe rw’ibyago no kugutegurira ingamba zikwiranye zo kwirinda.

Ni Izihe Ngaruka zishoboka za Cancer ya Ruondo?

Abantu benshi bafite kanseri ya ruondo yo mu ntangiro bagira ingaruka nke, cyane cyane iyo bavuwe vuba. Ariko, ni byiza kumva ingaruka zishoboka kugira ngo umenye icyo ugomba kwitondera no kubiganiraho n’ikipe yawe y’abaganga.

Ingaruka zisanzwe zishobora kuba:

• Guhindagurika kw’umuyoboro w’igogorwa iyo imikaya ifunze ruondo.
• Gucika cyangwa gucika mu rukuta rwa ruondo.
• Kuva bishobora gutera ubwoko bw’amaraso.
• Kwihuta mu mitsi ya lymph cyangwa mu zindi ngingo.
• Ingaruka ziterwa n’ubuvuzi kuva kubaga, chemotherapy, cyangwa radiation.

Ingaruka nke ariko zikomeye harimo indwara zikomeye, amaraso, cyangwa ibibazo bikomeye by’imirire. Bamwe bashobora gukenera colostomy by’igihe gito cyangwa igihe kirekire, aho imyanda iva mu mwanya uri ku gice cy’inda.

Ikipe yawe y’ubuvuzi ikurinda ingaruka kandi ifite uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura ibibazo byinshi bivuka. Ingaruka nyinshi zishobora kwirindwa cyangwa gucungwa neza iyo zimenyekanye hakiri kare binyuze mu gusuzuma kenshi.

Ese Cancer ya Ruondo Ishobora Kwibikwa Gute?

Nubwo udashobora kwirinda kanseri ya ruondo yose, ushobora kugabanya ibyago byayo cyane binyuze mu gusuzuma kenshi no guhitamo ubuzima bwiza. Kwibika byibanda ku kubona no gukuraho polyps mbere yuko biba ikibazo.

Ingamba zikomeye zo kwirinda harimo:

• Gusuzuma kenshi uhereye ku myaka 50, cyangwa mbere niba ufite ibyago.
• Kurya ibiryo birimo imbuto, imboga, n’ibinyampeke byuzuye.
• Kugabanya inyama zitukura no kwirinda inyama zitunganyirijwe.
• Kugira ibiro byiza.
• Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri kenshi-gerageza byibuze iminota 30 buri munsi.
• Kudakora cyangwa kureka kunywa itabi niba ubinywa.
• Kugabanya kunywa inzoga.
• Gucunga diabete niba uyifite.

Ubushakashatsi bumwe bwerekana ko aspirine ya buri munsi ishobora kugabanya ibyago bya kanseri ya ruondo, ariko ibi bigomba gukorwa gusa munsi y’ubuyobozi bw’abaganga kubera ibyago byo kuva amaraso. Calcium na vitamine D zishobora kandi gutanga uburinzi, nubwo hakenewe ubushakashatsi bwinshi.

Niba ufite amateka y’umuryango cyangwa indwara z’imfura, umuganga wawe ashobora kugutegeka gutangira gusuzuma hakiri kare cyangwa kenshi. Inama y’imfura ishobora kugufasha kumenya niba gusuzuma indwara z’imfura byakugirira akamaro wowe n’umuryango wawe.

Ese Cancer ya Ruondo Imenyekanwa Gute?

Kumenya kanseri ya ruondo ubusanzwe bitangira hakoreshejwe ibizamini byo gusuzuma abantu badafite ibimenyetso, cyangwa ibizamini byo kuvura iyo ibimenyetso bihari. Igisubizo cyiza cyo kuvura ni colonoscopy, ibyo bifasha abaganga kubona ruondo rwose no gukuraho imyanda.

Uburyo busanzwe bwo kuvura harimo:

• Colonoscopy-imashini ifite camera isuzumira ruondo rwose.
• CT colonography (virtual colonoscopy)- ikoresha CT scans kugira ngo ikore amashusho ya ruondo.
• Flexible sigmoidoscopy- isuzumira igice cya gatatu cya ruondo.
• Ibizamini by’umusemburo bisuzumira amaraso cyangwa impinduka za ADN.
• Biopsy- gukuraho ibice by’imyandikire kugira ngo bisuzumwe.

Niba kanseri iboneka, ibindi bipimo bimenya urwego n’uburyo bwo kwihuta. Ibyo bishobora kuba CT scans y’ibituza n’inda, MRI scans, PET scans, cyangwa ibizamini by’amaraso bipima ibimenyetso by’imikaya nka CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen).

Kumenya urwego bifasha kumenya uburyo bwo kuvura n’uburyo bwo kuvura. Ibice biri hagati ya 0 (mu ntangiro) kugeza IV (kwaguka mu zindi ngingo). Abantu benshi bumva bafite ubwoba mu gihe cyo kuvura, ibyo ni ibisanzwe kandi bisobanuka.

Ni Iki Kivura Cancer ya Ruondo?

Ubuvuzi bwa kanseri ya ruondo biterwa n’urwego, aho iherereye, n’ubuzima bwawe muri rusange. Inkuru nziza ni uko ubuvuzi bwateye imbere cyane mu myaka ya vuba, abantu benshi bakira neza, cyane cyane iyo kanseri iboneka hakiri kare.

Uburyo nyamukuru bwo kuvura harimo:

• Kubaga kugira ngo bakureho umukaya n’ibice bya hafi.
• Chemotherapy ikoresha imiti yo kwica utunyangingo twa kanseri.
• Radiation therapy ikoresha imirasire ikomeye.
• Ubuvuzi burimbanyije burimbanyije bugaba ku bintu byihariye by’utunyangingo twa kanseri.
• Immunotherapy ifasha ubudahangarwa bwawe guhangana na kanseri.

Kubera kanseri yo mu ntangiro, kubaga gusa birashobora gukiza. Ibibazo bikomeye akenshi bifashwa no kuvura hamwe. Ikipe yawe y’abaganga izakora gahunda y’ubuvuzi ikujyanye n’umwanya wawe.

Kubaga ubusanzwe birimo gukuraho igice cya ruondo cyanduye no gusubiza hamwe ibice byiza. Abantu benshi bashobora gusubira mu buzima busanzwe nyuma yo gukira. Uburyo buto bwa laparoscopic akenshi butuma gukira byihuse kandi ukagira ububabare buke kurusha kubaga bisanzwe.

Uko Wakwitwara Mu Rugo Mu Gihe Ufite Cancer ya Ruondo

Gucunga ubuvuzi bwa kanseri ya ruondo mu rugo birimo gufasha umubiri wawe gukira ubuzima bwiza. Ikipe yawe y’ubuvuzi izakugira inama, ariko ingamba rusange zishobora kugufasha kumva wishimye kandi ukomeye.

Imfashanyigisho y’imirire ni ingenzi mu gihe cyo kuvura:

• Kurya ibiryo bike, kenshi niba ibiryo byinshi bigukomerera.
• Fata ibiryo byoroshye kugogora nka riz, inanas, na toasi mu gihe cyo kuvura.
• Kunywa amazi, icyayi cy’ibimera, cyangwa amasupu meza.
• Fata imfashanyigisho z’imirire niba ari ngombwa.
• Kwima ibiryo bibabaza igogorwa ryawe.

Gucunga ingaruka ziterwa n’ubuvuzi mu rugo:

• Ruhukira iyo unaniwe-umubiri wawe ukeneye imbaraga zo gukira.
• Fata imiti yo kurwanya isereri nk’uko wategetswe.
• Koresha ibintu byoroshye byo kwita ku ruhu niba ukoresha radiation.
• Kora imyitozo yo kugabanya umunaniro nko guhumeka cyangwa gutekereza.
• Komereza ku muryango wawe n’inshuti kugira ngo ugire inkunga yo mu mutima.

Komeza ukureho ibimenyetso n’ingaruka kugira ngo ubiganireho n’ikipe yawe y’abaganga. Ntukabe ikibazo niba ufite impungenge-bakwifuza ko wabimenyesha hakiri kare kuruta ko ibibazo bikomeza.

Uko Wakitegura Kugira Inama n’Umuganga Wawe

Kwitunganya mbere yo kujya kwa muganga bigufasha kubona ibyiza byinshi mu gihe cyawe n’abaganga. Kwitunganya bishobora kugabanya ubwoba kandi bikagufasha kwibuka ibibazo n’amakuru by’ingenzi.

Mbere y’inama yawe, komeza:

• Urutonde rw’ibimenyetso biriho hamwe n’igihe n’uburemere.
• Imiti yose, imfashanyigisho, na vitamine ufata.
• Amateka y’ubuzima bw’umuryango, cyane cyane kanseri.
• Ibisubizo by’ibizamini byabanje cyangwa imyanzuro y’abaganga.
• Amakuru y’ubwishingizi n’irangamuntu.

Ibibazo ushobora kwibaza:

• Cancer yanjye iri ku rwego rwahe, kandi ibyo bisobanura iki?
• Ni ibihe bintu byo kuvura mfite?
• Ni izihe ngaruka nagombye kwitega?
• Ubuvuzi buzagira iki ku mirimo yanjye ya buri munsi?
• Ni iki kizaba?
• Ese abagize umuryango wanjye bagomba gusuzuma?

Tegereza kuzana umuntu wo mu muryango wawe cyangwa inshuti yizewe mu nama. Bashobora kugufasha kwibuka amakuru no kugufasha mu mutima. Ntugatinye gusaba ibisobanuro niba hari ikintu kitumvikana-ikipe yawe y’abaganga ishaka ko usobanukirwa neza uko uhagaze.

Icyo Ugomba Kumenya Ku Cancer ya Ruondo

Ikintu cy’ingenzi cyo kwibuka kuri kanseri ya ruondo ni uko ivurwa neza, cyane cyane iyo ibonetse hakiri kare binyuze mu gusuzuma kenshi. Abantu benshi batsinda iyi ndwara kandi bakomeza kubaho ubuzima bwiza.

Kwibika binyuze mu gusuzuma bikomeza kuba intwaro yawe ikomeye. Gutangira gusuzuma ruondo ufite imyaka 50, cyangwa mbere niba ufite ibyago, bishobora kubona ibibazo mbere yuko biba bikomeye. Iyo polyps zibonetse kandi zikurwaho hakiri kare, ushobora kwirinda kanseri yose.

Niba ubonye kanseri ya ruondo, wibuke ko ubuvuzi bwateye imbere cyane mu myaka ya vuba. Ikipe yawe y’ubuvuzi ifite ibikoresho byinshi byiza, kandi ubushakashatsi bukomeza guteza imbere ubuvuzi bushya. Ibanda ku gukurikiza gahunda yawe y’ubuvuzi, kugumana imbaraga zawe, no kugumana n’abaguha inkunga.

Izera umubiri wawe kandi ntukirengagize ibimenyetso bidashira. Nubwo ibibazo byinshi byo mu gifu atari kanseri, bihora ari byiza kubiganiraho n’umuganga wawe kuruta guhangayika ucecetse. Gukora hakiri kare biguha ibyiza byose.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa Ku Cancer ya Ruondo

Q1: Ese abakiri bato bashobora kurwara kanseri ya ruondo?

Yego, nubwo bidafata umwanya munini, kanseri ya ruondo ishobora kuba mu bantu bari munsi y’imyaka 50. Imibare mu bantu bakuru bakiri bato yiyongereye mu myaka ya vuba, nubwo abaganga batazi neza impamvu. Niba ufite ibimenyetso cyangwa amateka y’umuryango, ntukareke imyaka yawe ikubuze gushaka ubuvuzi.

Q2: Ese kanseri ya ruondo ihora ipfana?

Oya, kanseri ya ruondo ntihora ipfana. Iyo ibonetse hakiri kare, umubare w’abakira mu myaka itanu urenga 90%. Nubwo ibibazo bikomeye akenshi bisubiza neza ubuvuzi. Abantu benshi babaho imyaka cyangwa imyaka myinshi nyuma yo kuvurwa, kandi bamwe barakira neza.

Q3: Ni kangahe nkwiye gusuzuma kanseri ya ruondo?

Abantu benshi bagomba gutangira gusuzuma bafite imyaka 50 kandi bakomeza buri myaka 10 bakoresheje colonoscopy, cyangwa kenshi bakoresheje ibindi bizamini. Niba ufite amateka y’umuryango cyangwa ibindi byago, umuganga wawe ashobora kugutegeka gutangira hakiri kare cyangwa gusuzuma kenshi.

Q4: Ese nzakenera umufuka wa colostomy niba mfite kanseri ya ruondo?

Abantu benshi bafite kanseri ya ruondo ntibakenera colostomy ya burundu. Iyo kubaga ari ngombwa, ababagisha bashobora gusubiza hamwe ibice byiza bya ruondo. Colostomy by’igihe gito rimwe na rimwe biba ngombwa mu gihe cyo gukira, ariko ibya burundu bidafata umwanya munini.

Q5: Ese impinduka mu mirire zishobora kwirinda kanseri ya ruondo?

Nubwo impinduka mu mirire zishobora kugabanya ibyago, ntizishobora kwirinda. Kurya imbuto, imboga, n’ibinyampeke byuzuye mu gihe ugabanya inyama zitukura n’ibitunganyirijwe bishobora kugufasha kugabanya ibyago byawe. Ariko, gusuzuma kenshi bikomeza kuba uburyo bwiza bwo kwirinda urupfu ruterwa na kanseri ya ruondo.