Ibibyimba Bya Colon

Ibyitso byo mu ruhago ni agace gato k'uturemangingo gatera ku rukuta rw'uruhago. Ibyinshi mu byitso byo mu ruhago nta cyo bibangamira. Ariko uko iminsi igenda ishira, bimwe mu byitso byo mu ruhago bishobora guhinduka kanseri y'uruhago. Kanseri y'uruhago ishobora kwica iyo iboneka mu bihe byayo bya nyuma.

Umuntu wese ashobora kurwara ibyitso byo mu ruhago. Uri mu kaga kenshi niba ufite imyaka 50 cyangwa irenga, uri umubyibuhe cyangwa uri umunywa itabi. Uri kandi mu kaga kenshi niba ufite amateka y'uburwayi bw'ibyitso byo mu ruhago cyangwa kanseri y'uruhago, haba kuri wowe ubwawe cyangwa mu muryango wawe.

Ibyitso byo mu ruhago ntibisanzwe bitera ibimenyetso. Ni ingenzi gukora ibizamini bisanzwe byo kubisuzuma kuko ibyitso byo mu ruhago biboneka mu ntangiriro bishobora gukurwaho neza kandi burundu. Uburyo bwiza bwo kwirinda kanseri y'uruhago ni ukugira ibizamini bisanzwe byo kubisuzuma no gukuraho ibyitso.

Abantu benshi bafite ibibyimba byo mu ruhago nta bimenyetso bagira. Ushobora kutamenya ko ufite ibibyimba kugeza igihe umuvuzi wawe abibonye mu isuzuma ry'uruhago rwawe. Ariko kandi, bamwe mu bantu bafite ibibyimba byo mu ruhago bashobora kugira: Guhinduka mu mirire y'umubiri. Impatwe cyangwa isesemi imara igihe kirekire cyane cyane iminsi irushaho kuba ikimenyetso cy'ibibyimba binini cyangwa kanseri yo mu ruhago. Ariko kandi, ibindi bintu byinshi bishobora gutera impinduka mu mirire y'umubiri. Guhinduka kw'irangi ry'amatagatifu. Amaraso ashobora kugaragara nk'imigozi itukura mu matagatifu yawe cyangwa agatuma amatagatifu asa n'umukara. Impinduka y'irangi ishobora kandi guterwa n'ibiribwa bimwe na bimwe, imiti cyangwa ibinyobwa by'imirire. Ubusembwa bw'ubukonje bw'amabuye y'umutungo. Ukuva kw'amaraso mu bibyimba bishobora kuba buhoro buhoro igihe kinini, nta maraso aboneka mu matagatifu. Ukuva kw'amaraso igihe kirekire bishobora gutera ubusembwa bw'ubukonje bw'amabuye y'umutungo, bishobora gutuma wumva unaniwe kandi ugapfa umwuka. Kubabara. Ibibyimba binini byo mu ruhago bishobora gufunga igice cy'uruhago rwawe, bigatera ububabare mu nda.Ukuva kw'amaraso mu muyoboro w'inyuma. Ibi bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'ibibyimba byo mu ruhago cyangwa kanseri cyangwa ibindi bintu, nko kubyimba mu muyoboro w'inyuma cyangwa gucika gato kw'inyuma. Reba umuvuzi wawe niba ufite: Ububabare mu nda. Amaraso mu matagatifu yawe. Impinduka mu mirire y'umubiri imara igihe kirekire cyane cyane iminsi irushaho. Ugomba gukorerwa isuzuma rya buri gihe ry'ibibyimba niba:Ufite imyaka 50 cyangwa irenga. Ufite ibyago, nko kugira amateka y'umuryango wa kanseri yo mu ruhago. Bamwe mu bantu bafite ibyago byinshi bagomba gutangira isuzuma rya buri gihe hakiri kare cyane kurusha imyaka 50.

Jya kwa muganga niba ufite ibi bikurikira:

• Kubabara mu nda.
• Amaraso mu guse.
• Impinduka mu mirire yawe iramara igihe kirekire cyane kurusha icyumweru. Bagomba gukora isuzuma rya buri gihe kugira ngo barebe ko ufite ibibyimba bya polyps niba:
• Ufite imyaka 50 cyangwa hejuru yayo.
• Ufite ibyago, nko kuba ufite amateka y'indwara ya kanseri yo mu mura mu muryango wawe. Bamwe mu bantu bafite ibyago byinshi bagomba gutangira isuzuma rya buri gihe mbere y'imyaka 50.

Uturambu karemano tukura kandi tugakemura mu buryo buteganijwe. Impinduka mu gene zimwe na zimwe zishobora gutuma uturambu dukomeza kwishimaho n'ubwo hariho udutera imbuto. Mu mara ndende no mu rwimo, ubwo kwiyongera kw'uturambu bishobora gutuma habaho ibibyimba. Ibibyimba bishobora gukura ahantu hose mu ruhago rw'amara. Hariho ubwoko bubiri nyamukuru bw'ibibyimba, utudakurura kanseri n'utuyikurura. Uturambu tudakurura kanseri ntibisanzwe bihinduka kanseri. Uturambu tukurura kanseri harimo adenomas n'ubwoko bwa serrated. Adenomas ni byo bishobora guhinduka kanseri cyane iyo bihawe igihe gihagije cyo gukura. Uturambu twa serrated na byo bishobora guhinduka kanseri, bitewe n'ubunini bwabyo n'aho biherereye. Muri rusange ku bibyimba bikurura kanseri, uko ibibyimba ari binini, ni ko ibyago byo kurwara kanseri byiyongera.

Ibintu bishobora gutera ibibyimba cyangwa kanseri ya colon harimo:

• Imyaka. Abantu benshi bafite ibibyimba bya colon bafite imyaka 50 cyangwa irenga.
• Kugira indwara z'umwijima z'umuriro. Indwara ya ulcerative colitis cyangwa Crohn's disease ya colon byongera ibyago byo kurwara kanseri ya colon, nubwo ibibyimba ubwayo atari ikibazo gikomeye.
• Amateka y'umuryango. Ufite amahirwe menshi yo kurwara ibibyimba bya colon cyangwa kanseri niba ufite umubyeyi, umuvandimwe cyangwa umwana ufite iyo ndwara. Niba abantu benshi bo mu muryango bafite iyo ndwara, ibyago byawe birushaho kwiyongera. Mu bamwe, iyi mibanire ntabwo ari iy'umuzuko.
• Itabi no kunywa inzoga nyinshi. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko abantu banywa ibinyobwa by'inzoga bitatu cyangwa birenga ku munsi bafite ibyago byiyongereye byo kurwara ibibyimba bya colon. Kunywa inzoga guhujwe no kunywa itabi bigaragara ko byongera ibyago.
• Umurire, kutagira imyitozo ngororamubiri no kurya amavuta menshi. Uri mu kaga cyane niba uri umubyibuhe, ntukore siporo buri gihe kandi udafite imirire myiza.
• Ubwoko. Abanyamerika b'Abirabura bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara kanseri ya colon.

Gake, abantu bazuka ibibazo by'imiterere ya genetique itera ibibyimba bya colon. Niba ufite imwe muri iyi gene, uri mu kaga cyane cyo kurwara kanseri ya colon. Gusuzuma no kubona hakiri kare bishobora gufasha gukumira gukura cyangwa gukwirakwira kwa kanseri.

Indwara z'umuzuko ziterwa n'ibibyimba bya colon harimo:

• Lynch syndrome, izwi kandi nka kanseri ya colorectal idafite polyposis. Abantu bafite Lynch syndrome bakunze kurwara ibibyimba bike bya colon, ariko ibyo bibyimba bishobora guhinduka kanseri vuba. Lynch syndrome ni yo ndwara ikunze kugaragara cyane ya kanseri ya colon kandi ifitanye isano n'ibibyimba mu bindi bice by'inda.
• Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), indwara idakunze kugaragara itera amagana cyangwa ibihumbi by'ibibyimba bikura mu gifu cyawe kuva mu myaka yawe y'ubwangavu. Niba ibibyimba bitavuwe, ibyago byo kurwara kanseri ya colon bigeze hafi kuri 100%, mbere y'imyaka 40. Ibizamini bya genetique bishobora gufasha kumenya ibyago byawe bya FAP.
• Gardner syndrome, ubwoko bwa FAP butera ibibyimba bikura mu gifu cyawe no mu ruhago rwawe. Ushobora kandi kurwara ibibyimba bitari kanseri mu bindi bice by'umubiri wawe, harimo uruhu, amagufwa n'inda.
• MUTYH-associated polyposis (MAP), uburwayi bumeze nka FAP buterwa n'impinduka muri MYH gene. Abantu bafite MAP bakunze kurwara ibibyimba byinshi bya adenomatous na kanseri ya colon bakiri bato. Ibizamini bya genetique bishobora gufasha kumenya ibyago byawe bya MAP.
• Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, uburwayi busanzwe butangira n'ibishishwa bikura ku mubiri wose, harimo iminwa, umunwa n'ibirenge. Hanyuma ibibyimba bitari kanseri bikura mu gifu. Ibyo bibyimba bishobora guhinduka kanseri, bityo abantu bafite iyi ndwara bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara kanseri ya colon.
• Serrated polyposis syndrome, uburwayi butera ibibyimba byinshi bya serrated adenomatous mu gice cyo hejuru cya colon. Ibyo bibyimba bishobora guhinduka kanseri. Bigomba kwitabwaho kandi bishobora gukurwaho.

Udukoko tumwe na tumwe two mu ura mu kubwa twashobora guhinduka kanseri. Uko udukoko two mu ura dukuweho hakiri kare, ni ko amahirwe yo guhinduka kanseri agabanuka.

Urashobora kugabanya cyane ibyago byo kugira ibibyimba mu mara ndetse na kanseri y'umwijima binyuze mu bipimo bisanzwe. Impinduka zimwe na zimwe mu mibereho nazo zishobora kugufasha:

• Jya ufite imyifatire myiza. Fata imbuto, imboga n'ibinyampeke byuzuye mu mirire yawe kandi ugabanye ibinure ufata. Koresha inzoga nke kandi urekere burundu itabi. Jya ukora imyitozo ngororamubiri kandi ugume ufite ibiro byiza.
• Ganira n'abaganga bawe ku birebana na calcium na vitamine D. Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko kongera ifata rya calcium bishobora gufasha gukumira kugaruka kw'ibibyimba bya adenomas mu mara. Ariko ntibiramenyekana neza niba calcium ifite akamaro gakomeye mu kurinda kanseri y'umwijima. Ubundi bushakashatsi bwerekanye ko vitamine D ishobora kurinda kanseri y'umwijima.
• Tegereza amahitamo yawe niba uri mu kaga gakomeye. Niba ufite amateka y'ibibyimba mu muryango wawe, tekereza kubona inama ku mbaraga za gene. Niba umaze kuvurwa indwara ikomoka ku miryango itera ibibyimba mu mara, uzakenera gukorerwa colonoscopies buri gihe uhereye mu bupfumuzi.

Ibizami byo gusuzuma birakenewe mu gushaka ibibyimba mbere yuko biba kanseri. Ibi bizami kandi bishobora gufasha gushaka kanseri y'umwijima mu ntangiriro, igihe ufite amahirwe meza yo gukira.

Uburyo bwo gusuzuma harimo:

• Colonoscopy, aho imiyoboro mito ifite umucyo na kamera ishyirwa mu kibuno cyawe kugira ngo irebe umwijima wawe. Niba ibibyimba byabonetse, umuvuzi wawe ashobora kubikuraho ako kanya cyangwa agafata ibice by'umubiri byo kohereza muri laboratwari kugira ngo bisuzumwe.
• Colonoscopy y'ikoranabuhanga, ikizamini gikoreshwa scan ya CT kugira ngo irebe umwijima wawe. Colonoscopy y'ikoranabuhanga isaba gutegurwa kw'amara kimwe na colonoscopy. Niba ibibyimba byabonetse muri scan, uzakenera gusubira gutegura amara yawe kugira ngo colonoscopy ikorwe kugira ngo ibibyimba bisuzumwe bikurweho.
• Sigmoidoscopy igendanwa. Kimwe na colonoscopy, iyi ikoresha imiyoboro mito ifite umucyo na kamera ariko isuzumana igice cya nyuma cy'umwijima wawe, cyitwa sigmoid. Igice kinini cy'umwijima ntikirebwa muri iki kizamini cyo gusuzuma, bityo bimwe mu bibyimba na kanseri bishobora kutazibonwa.
• Ibizami byakozwe ku manya. Ibi bizami bisuzumana amaraso mu manya cyangwa bisuzumana ADN y'amanya kugira ngo harebwe ibimenyetso by'ibibyimba cyangwa kanseri y'umwijima. Niba ikizamini cyawe cy'amanya ari cyiza, uzakenera colonoscopy vuba nyuma yaho.

"Ubusanzwe, dushishikariza abantu bakuru bose barengeje imyaka 50 – ndetse n'abakuze bafite byibuze imyaka 10 y'ubuzima buzira umuze cyane – kwitabira gusuzuma," Dr. Kisiel avuga.

Avuga ko ushobora gutangazwa n'uburyo colonoscopies zihishura ibibyimba bihishe mu mwijima wawe.

"Ibibyimba bya kanseri birakwiriye cyane," ati. "Dutegereza kubibona mu gice kinini cya colonoscopies dukora byibuze. Rero, uzi, wenda kimwe cya gatatu cyangwa kimwe cya kabiri cy'abarwayi bose bakora [a] colonoscopy bazagira ibibyimba bya kanseri."

Nubwo umuntu umwe muri 20 muri Amerika azamenyeshwa ko afite kanseri y'umwijima mu buzima bwe, Dr. Kisiel avuga ko kugira ibibyimba ntibibuza ko uzabona kanseri.

"Muri ibyo bibyimba byose tubona, gake cyane nibyo bizahinduka kanseri," ati. "Rimwe na rimwe biracika ubwabyo, ariko gukuraho ibibyimba bifatwa nk'uburyo bumwe bwo gukumira iterambere rya kanseri."

Niyo mpamvu gusuzuma kenshi ari ingenzi cyane.

Icyo kibazo ni uko niba ibibyimba byabonetse mu mwijima wawe, ushobora kugomba gusuzuma kenshi. Ariko ibyo biruta cyane kuba wakora ubuvuzi bwa kanseri y'umwijima.