Dementia

Dementia ni ijambo rikoreshwa mu gusobanura ibimenyetso byinshi bigira ingaruka ku kwibuka, gutekereza no kubana n'abandi. Mu bantu bafite dementia, ibimenyetso bibangamira imibereho yabo ya buri munsi. Dementia si indwara imwe. Indwara nyinshi zishobora gutera dementia.

Dementia muri rusange igaragara mu kubura kwibuka. Akenshi ni kimwe mu bimenyetso bya mbere by'iyi ndwara. Ariko kuba warabuze kwibuka gusa ntibisobanura ko ufite dementia. Kubura kwibuka bishobora kuba bifite imvano zitandukanye.

Indwara ya Alzheimer ni yo itera dementia cyane mu bantu bakuze, ariko hari n'izindi mpamvu zitera dementia. Bitewe n'impamvu, bimwe mu bimenyetso bya dementia bishobora gukira.

Ibimenyetso bya demantia bitandukanye bitewe n'icyayiteye. Ibimenyetso bisanzwe birimo: Gutakaza kwibuka, ibi bikunze kugaragara n'undi muntu. Kugira ibibazo mu gutangaza ibitekerezo cyangwa gushaka amagambo. Kugira ibibazo mu kubona no gutekereza ibintu, nko gutaha mu nzira mu gihe utwaye imodoka. Kugira ibibazo mu gutekereza cyangwa gukemura ibibazo. Kugira ibibazo mu gukora imirimo igoranye. Kugira ibibazo mu gutegura no gutegura ibintu. Kutagira ubumenyi n'ubushobozi mu mikorere y'umubiri. Kwitiranya no kutamenya aho uri. Guhinduka kw'imico. Kugira agahinda. Kugira ubwoba. Kugira umujinya. Imiterere idakwiriye. Kwikanga, bizwi nka paranoia. Kubona ibintu bidahahari, bizwi nka hallucinations. Reba umuganga niba wowe cyangwa umuntu ukunda afite ibibazo byo kwibuka cyangwa ibindi bimenyetso bya demantia. Ni ngombwa kumenya icyabiteye. Amwe mu mararyi atuma haba ibimenyetso bya demantia ashobora kuvurwa.

Gira inama n'umuganga niba wowe cyangwa umuntu ukunda afite ibibazo byo kwibuka cyangwa ibindi bimenyetso bya alzeimera. Ni ngombwa kumenya icyabiteye. Hari uburwayi bumwe na bumwe butera ibimenyetso bya alzeimera bushobora kuvurwa.

Dementia iterwaho n’uko ubwonko bugira ibibazo cyangwa bukaba bwapfushije uturemangingo tw’ubwonko n’imiterere yadutunganyaga. Ibimenyetso bigenda bitewe n’agace k’ubwonko kagize ikibazo. Dementia ishobora kugira ingaruka zitandukanye ku bantu.

Dementias akenshi ziteranywa bitewe n’ibintu zihuriyeho. Zishobora guteranywa bitewe na poroteyine cyangwa poroteyine ziba mu bwonko cyangwa igice cy’ubwonko kigizweho ingaruka. Nanone, zimwe mu ndwara zigira ibimenyetso nk’ibya dementia. Kandi imiti imwe ishobora gutera ikibazo kirimo ibimenyetso bya dementia. Kudafata vitamine cyangwa imyunyu ngugu ihagije bishobora kandi gutera ibimenyetso bya dementia. Ibi nibyo bibaye, ibimenyetso bya dementia bishobora kuzahuka hakoreshejwe ubuvuzi.

Dementias zikomeza gukura zikagenda ziyongera uko igihe gihita. Ubwoko bwa dementias buhora bubi kandi budakira burangwa na:

• Indwara ya Alzheimer. Iyi ni yo ntandaro ikunze kugaragara ya dementia.

Nubwo atari byose bizwi ku birebana n’intandaro z’indwara ya Alzheimer, impuguke zizi ko igice gito cyazo gifitanye isano n’impinduka mu gene eshatu. Izi mpinduka za gene zishobora guherwa ku babyeyi ku bana. Nubwo hari gene nyinshi zishobora kuba zifite uruhare mu ndwara ya Alzheimer, gene imwe ikomeye yongerera ibyago ni apolipoprotein E4 (APOE).

Abantu barwaye indwara ya Alzheimer bagira plaques na tangles mu bwonko bwabo. Plaques ni ibice by’umunyungunyugu witwa beta-amyloid. Tangles ni ibice by’inyuzi bikozwe na poroteyine ya tau. Birizwa ko ibi bice byangiza uturemangingo tw’ubwonko dufite ubuzima bwiza n’inyuzi zibitunganira.

• Dementia ya Vascular. Ubu bwoko bwa dementia buterwa n’ibibazo byangiza imiyoboro itwara amaraso mu bwonko. Ibibazo by’imijyana y’amaraso bishobora gutera stroke cyangwa kugira ingaruka ku bwonko mu buryo bundi, nko kwangiza inyuzi zo mu gice cyera cy’ubwonko.

Ibimenyetso bikunze kugaragara bya vascular dementia birimo ibibazo mu gukemura ibibazo, gutekereza buhoro, no kubura uburyo bwo kwibanda no gutegura ibintu. Ibi bikunze kugaragara kurusha ibibazo byo kwibuka.

• Dementia ya Lewy body. Lewy bodies ni ibice by’umunyungunyugu bisa nk’ibibabi. Byabonetse mu bwonko bw’abantu barwaye Lewy body dementia, indwara ya Alzheimer na Parkinson. Lewy body dementia ni imwe mu bwoko bwa dementia bukunze kugaragara.

Ibimenyetso bikunze kugaragara birimo gukina inzozi mu gihe cyo kuryama no kubona ibintu bidahari, bizwi nka hallucinations. Ibimenyetso birimo kandi ibibazo byo kwibanda no kwita ku bintu. Ibindi bimenyetso birimo imiterere idahwitse cyangwa buhoro, guhinda umubiri, no gukomera, bizwi nka parkinsonism.

• Dementia ya Frontotemporal. Iyi ni itsinda ry’indwara zirangwa no kwangirika kw’uturemangingo tw’ubwonko n’imiterere yadutunganyaga mu gice cy’ubwonko cy’imbere n’icy’uruhande. Aya duce afitanye isano n’imico, imyitwarire n’ururimi. Ibimenyetso bikunze kugaragara bigira ingaruka ku myitwarire, imico, gutekereza, gufata ibyemezo, ururimi n’imitwarire.
• Dementia ivangavanze. Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe ku bwonko bw’abantu bafite imyaka 80 n’irenga barwaye dementia bwerekanye ko benshi bari bafite imvano nyinshi zivangavanze. Abantu barwaye dementia ivangavanze bashobora kugira indwara ya Alzheimer, vascular dementia na Lewy body dementia. Ubushakashatsi burakomeje kugira ngo hamenyekane uko kugira dementia ivangavanze bigira ingaruka ku bimenyetso n’ubuvuzi.

Indwara ya Alzheimer. Iyi ni yo ntandaro ikunze kugaragara ya dementia.

Nubwo atari byose bizwi ku birebana n’intandaro z’indwara ya Alzheimer, impuguke zizi ko igice gito cyazo gifitanye isano n’impinduka mu gene eshatu. Izi mpinduka za gene zishobora guherwa ku babyeyi ku bana. Nubwo hari gene nyinshi zishobora kuba zifite uruhare mu ndwara ya Alzheimer, gene imwe ikomeye yongerera ibyago ni apolipoprotein E4 (APOE).

Abantu barwaye indwara ya Alzheimer bagira plaques na tangles mu bwonko bwabo. Plaques ni ibice by’umunyungunyugu witwa beta-amyloid. Tangles ni ibice by’inyuzi bikozwe na poroteyine ya tau. Birizwa ko ibi bice byangiza uturemangingo tw’ubwonko dufite ubuzima bwiza n’inyuzi zibitunganira.

Dementia ya Vascular. Ubu bwoko bwa dementia buterwa n’ibibazo byangiza imiyoboro itwara amaraso mu bwonko. Ibibazo by’imijyana y’amaraso bishobora gutera stroke cyangwa kugira ingaruka ku bwonko mu buryo bundi, nko kwangiza inyuzi zo mu gice cyera cy’ubwonko.

Ibimenyetso bikunze kugaragara bya vascular dementia birimo ibibazo mu gukemura ibibazo, gutekereza buhoro, no kubura uburyo bwo kwibanda no gutegura ibintu. Ibi bikunze kugaragara kurusha ibibazo byo kwibuka.

Dementia ya Lewy body. Lewy bodies ni ibice by’umunyungunyugu bisa nk’ibibabi. Byabonetse mu bwonko bw’abantu barwaye Lewy body dementia, indwara ya Alzheimer na Parkinson. Lewy body dementia ni imwe mu bwoko bwa dementia bukunze kugaragara.

Ibimenyetso bikunze kugaragara birimo gukina inzozi mu gihe cyo kuryama no kubona ibintu bidahari, bizwi nka hallucinations. Ibimenyetso birimo kandi ibibazo byo kwibanda no kwita ku bintu. Ibindi bimenyetso birimo imiterere idahwitse cyangwa buhoro, guhinda umubiri, no gukomera, bizwi nka parkinsonism.

• Indwara ya Huntington. Indwara ya Huntington iterwa n’impinduka mu mubyibuho. Iyi ndwara ituma uturemangingo tumwe two mu bwonko no mu mugongo dupfa. Ibimenyetso birimo kugabanuka mu bushobozi bwo gutekereza, bizwi nko kwibuka. Ibimenyetso bikunze kugaragara hagati y’imyaka 30 na 40.
• Indwara ya Creutzfeldt-Jakob. Iyi ndwara y’ubwonko idakunze kugaragara ikunze kugaragara mu bantu badafite ibyago bizwi. Iyi ndwara ishobora guterwa n’ibice by’umunyungunyugu wanduza bizwi nka prions. Ibimenyetso by’iyi ndwara yica bikunze kugaragara nyuma y’imyaka 60.

Indwara ya Creutzfeldt-Jakob akenshi nta ntandaro izwi ariko ishobora guherwa ku babyeyi. Ishobora kandi guterwa no kwandura ubwonko cyangwa imyanya y’ubwonko, nko kubera kubyaza amaso.

• Indwara ya Parkinson. Abantu benshi barwaye indwara ya Parkinson amaherezo bagira ibimenyetso bya dementia. Ibi nibyo bibaye, bizwi nka Parkinson’s disease dementia.

Umuvuduko ku bwonko (TBI). Iyi ndwara ikunze guterwa no gukubitwa umutwe kenshi. Abakina ibyiciro, abakinnyi ba ruhago cyangwa abasirikare bashobora kugira TBI.

Indwara ya Creutzfeldt-Jakob. Iyi ndwara y’ubwonko idakunze kugaragara ikunze kugaragara mu bantu badafite ibyago bizwi. Iyi ndwara ishobora guterwa n’ibice by’umunyungunyugu wanduza bizwi nka prions. Ibimenyetso by’iyi ndwara yica bikunze kugaragara nyuma y’imyaka 60.

Indwara ya Creutzfeldt-Jakob akenshi nta ntandaro izwi ariko ishobora guherwa ku babyeyi. Ishobora kandi guterwa no kwandura ubwonko cyangwa imyanya y’ubwonko, nko kubera kubyaza amaso.

Zimwe mu ntandaro z’ibimenyetso bisa na dementia zishobora gukira hakoreshejwe ubuvuzi. Zirimo:

• Indwara zandura n’indwara zifitanye isano n’ubwirinzi. Ibimenyetso bisa na dementia bishobora guterwa na fiive cyangwa izindi ngaruka ziterwa n’umubiri ugerageza kurwanya indwara. Sclerosis nyinshi n’izindi ndwara ziterwa n’ubwirinzi bw’umubiri bugaba igitero ku turemangingo tw’ubwonko bishobora kandi gutera dementia.
• Ibibazo by’imirire cyangwa ibinini by’imisemburo. Abantu bafite ibibazo by’umwijima n’isukari yo mu maraso itageze bashobora kugira ibimenyetso bisa na dementia cyangwa izindi mpinduka mu mico. Ibi ni ukuri ku bantu bafite umunyu cyangwa calcium bike cyangwa byinshi, cyangwa bafite ibibazo byo kunywa vitamine B-12.
• Igipimo gito cy’ibintu bimwe na bimwe by’imirire. Kudafata vitamine cyangwa imyunyu ngugu ihagije mu byo urya bishobora gutera ibimenyetso bya dementia. Ibi birimo kudafata thiamine ihagije, izwi kandi nka vitamine B-1, ikunze kugaragara mu bantu bafite ibibazo byo kunywa inzoga. Harimo kandi kudafata vitamine B-6, vitamine B-12, umuringa cyangwa vitamine E ihagije. Kudanywa amazi ahagije, bigatuma umubiri ukama, bishobora kandi gutera ibimenyetso bya dementia.
• Ingaruka z’imiti. Ingaruka z’imiti, ikibazo cyaterwa n’imiti cyangwa guhuza imiti myinshi bishobora gutera ibimenyetso bisa na dementia.
• Kuva amaraso hagati y’ubwonko n’igisenge cyabwo. Kuva amaraso hagati y’ubwonko n’igisenge cyacyo bishobora kugaragara cyane mu bantu bakuze nyuma yo kugwa. Kuva amaraso hagati y’ubwonko n’igisenge cyacyo bishobora gutera ibimenyetso bisa n’ibya dementia.
• Uburibwe bw’ubwonko. Gake, dementia ishobora guterwa n’ibibazo byatewe n’uburibwe bw’ubwonko.

Ibisobanuro byinshi bishobora gutera indwara ya alzheimer. Bimwe mu bintu, nka kuba umuntu ageze mu zabukuru, ntabwo bishobora guhinduka. Urashobora guhangana n'ibindi bintu kugira ngo ugabanye ibyago byawe.

• Uburumbuke. Ibyago byo kurwara alzheimer byiyongera uko ugenda ukura, cyane cyane nyuma y'imyaka 65. Ariko rero, alzheimer si ikintu gisanzwe mu gukura. Alzheimer ishobora kandi kugaragara mu bantu bakiri bato.
• Amateka y'umuryango. Kugira amateka y'umuryango wa alzheimer bigushyira mu kaga kenshi cyo kurwara iyo ndwara. Ariko rero, abantu benshi bafite amateka y'umuryango ntabwo bagaragaza ibimenyetso, kandi abantu benshi badafite amateka y'umuryango barayirwara. Hariho ibizamini byo kumenya niba ufite impinduka zimwe na zimwe za gene zishobora kongera ibyago byawe.
• Indwara ya Down. Mu gihe kigera hagati, abantu benshi barwaye indwara ya Down barwara alzheimer itangira hakiri kare.

Ushobora kuba ushobora kugenzura izi ngingo zikurura alzheimer.

• Ibyo kurya n'imyitozo ngororamubiri. Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko abantu bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara alzheimer bakurikije imibereho myiza bagabanije ibyago byo kugabanuka kw'ubwenge. Bararya indyo irimo amafi, imbuto, imboga n'amavuta. Bakora kandi imyitozo ngororamubiri, bakora imyitozo yo gutekereza no kwitabira ibikorwa by'abantu benshi. Nubwo nta mirire runaka izwiho kugabanya ibyago bya alzheimer, ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko abantu bakurikiza indyo ya Mediterane irimo imboga nyinshi, ibinyampeke byuzuye, imyumbati n'imbuto bafite ubwenge bwiza.
• Kunywesha inzoga nyinshi. Kunywa inzoga nyinshi byamaze igihe kinini bizwiho gutera impinduka mu bwonko. Ubushakashatsi bunini bwinshi bwagaragaje ko indwara yo kunywa inzoga zikabije zifitanye isano n'ibyago byiyongereye byo kurwara alzheimer, cyane cyane alzheimer itangira hakiri kare.
• Kubura kumva cyangwa kubura kubona bitavuwe. Kugira ikibazo cyo kumva bifitanye isano n'ibyago byiyongereye byo kurwara alzheimer. Uko kubura kumva kuri kubi, ni ko ibyago biri hejuru. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana kandi ko kubura kubona bishobora kongera ibyago bya alzheimer, mu gihe kuvura kubura kubona bishobora kugabanya ibyago.
• Kuzunguzwa kw'ikirere. Ubushakashatsi ku nyamaswa bwerekanye ko utudutsi two mu kirere twangiza cyane imiterere y'ubwonko. Kandi ubushakashatsi ku bantu bwagaragaje ko kwandura umwuka mubi - cyane cyane uturuka mu imyanda y'imodoka no gutwika inkwi - bifitanye isano n'ibyago byiyongereye bya alzheimer.
• Umuvuduko ku mutwe. Abantu bagize ikibazo gikomeye cyo mu mutwe bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara alzheimer. Ubushakashatsi bunini bwinshi bwagaragaje ko mu bantu bafite imyaka 50 cyangwa irenga bagize ikibazo cyo mu mutwe (TBI), ibyago bya alzheimer byiyongereye. Ibyago byiyongera mu bantu bafite ibibazo bikomeye kandi byinshi bya TBI. Ubushakashatsi bumwe bwerekana ko ibyago bishobora kuba byinshi mu mezi atandatu ya mbere kugeza ku myaka ibiri nyuma ya TBI.
• Ibibazo byo kurara. Abantu barwaye apnea yo kurara n'ibindi bibazo byo kurara bashobora kuba bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara alzheimer.
• Ibisigaye bike bya vitamine na nutriments zimwe na zimwe. Kugira vitamine D, vitamine B-6, vitamine B-12 na folate bike bishobora kongera ibyago bya alzheimer.
• Imiti ishobora kongera gutakaza kwibuka. Ibi birimo imiti yo kurara irimo diphenhydramine (Benadryl) n'imiti yo kuvura guhora ukeneye kujya kwitinya nk'oxybutynin (Ditropan XL).

Kandi gabanya imiti ihumanya n'imiti yo kurara. Ganira n'umuganga kubyerekeye niba imiti uyifata ishobora kugutera gutakaza kwibuka.

Imiti ishobora kongera gutakaza kwibuka. Ibi birimo imiti yo kurara irimo diphenhydramine (Benadryl) n'imiti yo kuvura guhora ukeneye kujya kwitinya nk'oxybutynin (Ditropan XL).

Kandi gabanya imiti ihumanya n'imiti yo kurara. Ganira n'umuganga kubyerekeye niba imiti uyifata ishobora kugutera gutakaza kwibuka.

Dementia ishobora kugira ingaruka ku bice byinshi by'umubiri, bityo bikagira ingaruka ku bushobozi bwo gukora. Dementia ishobora gutera:

• Imirire mibi. Abantu benshi barwaye dementia amaherezo bagabanya cyangwa bareka kurya, bigatuma batabona intungamubiri zikenewe. Amaherezo, bashobora kutamenya gutema no kwishima.
• Pneumonia. Kugira ikibazo cyo kwishima byongera ibyago byo guhumeka. Kandi ibiryo cyangwa ibinyobwa bishobora kwinjira mu bihaha, bizwi nko kwishima. Ibi bishobora kubangamira guhumeka no gutera pneumonia.
• Kubura ubushobozi bwo kwita ku buzima bwabo bwite. Uko dementia ikomeza kuba mbi, abantu bagorwa no kwiyuhagira, kwambara, no gukaraba umusatsi cyangwa amenyo. Bakenera ubufasha mu gukoresha ubwiherero no gufata imiti nkuko byategetswe.
• Ibibazo byo kwirinda. Bimwe mu bintu bya buri munsi bishobora gutera ibibazo byo kwirinda ku bantu barwaye dementia. Ibi birimo gutwara imodoka, guteka, no kugenda no kubana bonyine.
• Urupfu. Koma n'urupfu bishobora kubaho mu gihe cya nyuma cya dementia. Ibi bikunze kubaho kubera indwara.

Nta buryo bwo kwirinda indwara ya alzheimer buhamye, ariko hari intambwe ushobora gutera zishobora kugufasha. Ubushakashatsi burenze burakenewe, ariko bishobora kugufasha gukora ibi bikurikira:

• Komeza utekereze. Ibikorwa byongera ubumenyi bw'ubwonko bishobora gutinza itangira rya alzheimer no kugabanya ingaruka zayo. Imbaho umwanya usoma, ukora ibibazo by'ubwenge, ukina imikino y'amagambo.
• Kora imyitozo ngororamubiri n'imibanire myiza. Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri no guhura n'abandi bantu bishobora gutinza itangira rya alzheimer no kugabanya ibimenyetso byayo. Gerageza gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri iminota 150 mu cyumweru.
• Reka kunywa itabi. Ubushakashatsi bumwe bwerekanye ko kunywa itabi hagati y'imyaka n'ubukure bishobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara alzheimer n'ibibazo by'ubwonko. Kureka kunywa itabi bishobora kugabanya ibyago no kunoza ubuzima.
• Fata vitamine zihagije. Ubushakashatsi bumwe bugaragaza ko abantu bafite intungamubiri nke ya vitamine D mu maraso bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara alzheimer n'izindi ndwara zo mu bwonko. Urashobora kongera urwego rwa vitamine D mu mubiri wawe ukoresheje ibiryo bimwe na bimwe, imiti n'izuba. Ubushakashatsi burenze burakenewe mbere y'uko kongera ifunguro rya vitamine D byemererwa mu kwirinda alzheimer. Ariko ni byiza kwiringira ko ufata vitamine D ihagije. Gufata vitamine B-complex na vitamine C buri munsi bishobora kandi kugufasha.
• Komeza indyo yuzuye. Indyo nka Mediterane bishobora guteza imbere ubuzima no kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara alzheimer. Indyo ya Mediterane ikungahaye ku mboga, imbuto, ibinyampeke byuzuye na omega-3 fatty acids, zisanzwe ziboneka mu mifuru n'imbuto zimwe na zimwe. Ubu bwoko bw'imirire kandi bunonosora ubuzima bw'umutima, bushobora kandi kugufasha kugabanya ibyago bya alzheimer.
• Ryama ubune ubune. Kora imyitozo yo kuryama neza. Ganira n'umuganga niba uturika cyane cyangwa ufite igihe uhagarika guhumeka cyangwa ukagira ikibazo cyo guhumeka mu gihe cyo kuryama.
• Vura ibibazo by'amatwi. Abantu bafite ibibazo by'amatwi bafite amahirwe menshi yo kugira ibibazo byo gutekereza, bizwi nko kugabanuka kw'ubushobozi bwo gutekereza. Kuvura hakiri kare ibibazo by'amatwi, nko gukoresha ibikoresho byo kumva, bishobora kugufasha kugabanya ibyago.
• Suzuma amaso yawe buri gihe kandi uvure ibibazo by'amaso. Ubushakashatsi bugaragaza ko kudavura ibibazo by'amaso bishobora guhuzwa n'ibyago byiyongereye bya alzheimer. Fata vitamine zihagije. Ubushakashatsi bumwe bugaragaza ko abantu bafite intungamubiri nke ya vitamine D mu maraso bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara alzheimer n'izindi ndwara zo mu bwonko. Urashobora kongera urwego rwa vitamine D mu mubiri wawe ukoresheje ibiryo bimwe na bimwe, imiti n'izuba. Ubushakashatsi burenze burakenewe mbere y'uko kongera ifunguro rya vitamine D byemererwa mu kwirinda alzheimer. Ariko ni byiza kwiringira ko ufata vitamine D ihagije. Gufata vitamine B-complex na vitamine C buri munsi bishobora kandi kugufasha.

Kugira ngo hamenyekane icyateye ikibazo cyo gutakaza ubwenge, umuhanga mu buvuzi agomba kumenya uburyo ubushobozi n'imikorere byagiye biburizwamo. Uyu muhanga mu buvuzi kandi areba ibyo uwo muntu agishoboye gukora. Mu bihe byashize haje ibimenyetso byerekana indwara, bigatuma hamenyekana neza indwara ya Alzheimer.

Umuhanga mu buvuzi asuzuma amateka yawe y'ubuzima n'ibimenyetso ufite, akanakora isuzuma rusange ry'umubiri. Umuntu ukugiranye ukumvikana ashobora kubazwa ibyerekeye ibimenyetso byawe.

Nta kizami kimwe cyonyine gishobora kugaragaza ikibazo cyo gutakaza ubwenge. Bishobora kuba ngombwa gukora ibizami byinshi kugira ngo hamenyekane ikibazo.

Ibi bizami bisuzuma ubushobozi bwawe bwo gutekereza. Hariho ibizami byinshi bipima ubuhanga bwo gutekereza, nko kwibuka, kumenya aho uri, gutekereza no gufata ibyemezo, ubuhanga mu ndimi, no kwitonda.

Ubushobozi bwawe bwo kwibuka, ubuhanga mu ndimi, uburyo ubona ibintu, kwitonda, ubuhanga mu gukemura ibibazo, imikorere y'umubiri, ibyiyumvo, umutekano, imikorere y'imitsi n'ibindi bimenyetso birasuzumwa.

• CT cyangwa MRI. Iyi mashini ishobora kureba ibimenyetso by'indwara yo kubura amaraso mu bwonko, kuva kw'amaraso, ibibyimba cyangwa umunyu mwinshi mu bwonko, bizwi nka hydrocephalus.
• PET scan. Iyi mashini ishobora kwerekana uburyo ubwonko bukora. Ishobora kugaragaza niba amyloid cyangwa tau protein, ibimenyetso by'indwara ya Alzheimer, byashyizwe mu bwonko.

Ibizami by'amaraso bisanzwe bishobora kugaragaza ibibazo by'umubiri bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere y'ubwonko, nko kubura vitamine B-12 mu mubiri cyangwa umusemburo wa thyroid utameze neza. Rimwe na rimwe, amazi ari mu mugongo arasuzumwa kugira ngo harebwe niba hari indwara, kubabara cyangwa ibimenyetso by'indwara zimwe na zimwe zangiza imitsi.