Uburwayi bwo kwiheba ni iki? Ibimenyetso, Intandaro, n'Ubuvuzi

Kwiheba ni ikintu kirenze kumva ubwihebye cyangwa kunyura mu bihe bikomeye. Ni uburwayi nyakuri bw’umubiri bugira ingaruka ku buryo utekereza, ubumva, n’uburyo uhangana n’ibikorwa bya buri munsi. Iyo ibyo byiyumvo bikomeje ibyumweru cyangwa amezi kandi bikabuza gukora ibintu byawe, ushobora kuba ufite icyo abaganga bita indwara ikomeye yo kwiheba.

Iyi ndwara igera kuri miliyoni z’abantu ku isi hose, kandi ni ingenzi kumenya ko atari ikimenyetso cy’intege nke cyangwa ikintu ushobora ‘gukira’ gusa. Kwiheba bikubiyemo impinduka mu micungire y’ubwonko ishobora gutuma n’imirimo yoroshye ikugora.

Uburwayi bwo kwiheba ni iki?

Kwiheba ni indwara y’imitekerereze itera ibyiyumvo by’agahinda, ubusa, cyangwa kubura ibyiringiro. Bigira ingaruka ku buryo ubwonko bwawe butunganya amarangamutima kandi bishobora guhindura uburyo wibona n’isi ikugerereye.

Tekereza ko ari nk’aho ufite umupira hejuru y’ibitekerezo byawe bituma byose bigaragara nk’ibyijimye cyangwa bikomeye kurusha uko biri. Ibi si mu mutwe wawe gusa - kwiheba bikubiyemo impinduka nyakuri mu byitwa neurotransmitters, ari byo bicunga amarangamutima mu bwonko.

Iyi ndwara ishobora kuba iciriritse cyangwa ikomeye, kandi ishobora kuba rimwe mu buzima bwawe cyangwa ikaza ikagenda mu bihe. Bamwe bayibona mu byumweru bike, abandi bakayirwara amezi cyangwa igihe kirekire batavuwe.

Ibimenyetso byo kwiheba ni ibihe?

Ibimenyetso byo kwiheba bishobora kumera bitandukanye kuri buri wese, ariko hari ibimenyetso bisanzwe abahanga mu buvuzi bw’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe bashaka. Ushobora kubona impinduka mu buryo wumva mu buryo bw’amarangamutima, uburyo umubiri wawe wumva, n’uburyo utekereza ku bintu.

Ibimenyetso by’amarangamutima n’ibitekerezo ushobora kugira birimo:

• Kubabara cyane, kwiganza, cyangwa kumva uhagaze nabi umunsi wose
• Gutakaza inyota cyangwa ibyishimo mu bikorwa wakundaga
• Kumva nta gaciro ufite, icyaha, cyangwa kwishyiraho ibyaha
• Kugorana kwibanda, kwibuka, cyangwa gufata ibyemezo
• Gutekereza ku rupfu cyangwa kwiyahura
• Kumva nta cyizere ufite ku hazaza
• Kwiyongera kw’uburakari cyangwa kudatuza

Umubiri wawe ushobora kandi kugaragaza ibimenyetso by’umubiri bigaragaza ko hari ikintu kitagenda neza. Ibi bimenyetso by’umubiri bishobora kuba bifite agaciro kandi bikagora nk’ibyo mu mutwe.

Ibimenyetso bisanzwe by’umubiri birimo:

• Guhinduka mu buryo bwo kuryama - kuryama cyane cyangwa kugira ikibazo cyo gusinzira
• Guhinduka cyane mu ishyaka cyangwa ibiro
• Uburwayi cyangwa gutakaza imbaraga, na nyuma yo kuruhuka
• Kubabara bitazwi, ububabare, cyangwa umutwe
• Kugenda cyangwa kuvuga buhoro kurusha uko bisanzwe
• Ibibazo byo mu gifu bitavurwa

Birakwiye kuzirikana ko indwara yo kwiheba rimwe na rimwe ishobora kugaragara mu buryo budasobanutse. Bamwe mu bantu bagaragaza icyo bita “kwiheba gukomeye”, aho bagaragara neza hanze ariko bakagira ibibazo imbere. Abandi bashobora kugira ibyiciro by’ibihe cyangwa bagahura n’indwara yo kwiheba hamwe n’umunaniro.

Ni izihe Zamu z’Ibihe byo Kwiheba?

Ibihe byo kwiheba si indwara imwe. Abahanga mu buzima bwo mu mutwe bazi ubwoko butandukanye, buri bwoko bufite imico yabwo n’uburyo bwo kuvura.

Indwara ikomeye yo kwiheba ni yo yamenyekanye cyane. Igaragara iyo ufite ibimenyetso bitanu cyangwa birenga byo kwiheba byibuze ibyumweru bibiri, kandi ibyo bimenyetso bigira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi.

Indwara ihoraho yo kwiheba, izwi kandi nka dysthymia, ni uburyo buke ariko buramara igihe kirekire. Ushobora kugira ibimenyetso mu myaka ibiri cyangwa irenga, ariko bishobora kuba bitakomeye nk’indwara ikomeye yo kwiheba.

Indwara yo kwiheba bitewe n’ibihe by’umwaka iba mu bihe bimwe by’umwaka, akenshi mu mpeshyi no mu gihe cy’itumba iyo izuba riba rike. Akenshi, imimerere yawe irushaho kumera neza igihe ibihe by’umwaka bihinduka.

Bamwe bagira kwiheba bifitanye isano n’ibintu bikomeye bibageraho mu buzima. Kwiheba nyuma yo kubyara bishobora kubaho nyuma yo kubyara, naho kwiheba bitewe n’ibintu bibaho bishobora kuvuka nyuma yo kubura akazi, kurangiza umubano, cyangwa guhura n’ibindi bibazo bikomeye.

Hariho kandi ubwoko buke butandukanye nka indwara ya bipolar, irimo ibihe byo kwiheba bivanze n’ibihe byo kugira umunezero mwinshi cyangwa ibyishimo byinshi. Kwiheba guherekejwe no guhura n’ibintu bidahari (hallucinations) cyangwa gutekereza nabi (delusions) biri kumwe n’ibimenyetso bisanzwe byo kwiheba.

Ese iki gitera kwiheba?

Kwiheba ntabwo gifite intandaro imwe – akenshi gituruka ku iterambere ry’ibintu byinshi bikorera hamwe. Tekereza ko ari nk’umuyaga ukomeye aho ibintu byinshi bihurira hamwe bigatuma iyi ndwara ibaho.

Uburyo ubwonko bwawe bukora bugira uruhare runini mu kwiheba. Ibinyabutabire by’ubwonko nka serotonin, dopamine, na norepinephrine bifasha mu kugenzura imimerere, kandi iyo bitagikora neza, kwiheba bishobora kuvuka.

Uburanga bushobora gutuma ugira amahirwe menshi yo kwiheba. Niba abagize umuryango wawe ba hafi baragize kwiheba, ushobora kugira ibyago byinshi, nubwo kugira amateka y’umuryango ntabwo bihamya ko uzagira iyi ndwara.

Ibintu byabayeho mu buzima n’ibikomere bishobora gutera kwiheba mu bantu bamwe. Ibi bishobora kuba birimo guhohoterwa mu bwana, kubura umuntu ukunda, ibibazo by’umubano, umunaniro w’amafaranga, cyangwa impinduka zikomeye mu buzima.

Indwara zimwe na zimwe zishobora kandi gutera kwiheba. Indwara zidakira nka diyabete, indwara z’umutima, cyangwa indwara z’umwijima zishobora kugira ingaruka ku mimerere yawe. Imiti imwe, irimo imiti imwe y’umuvuduko w’amaraso na corticosteroids, ishobora kandi kongera ibyago byo kwiheba.

Ibidukikije n’imibereho yawe ni ingenzi. Kwiheba mu bandi, kutagira izuba rihagije, gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge, cyangwa umunaniro uhoraho byose bishobora kugira uruhare mu gutera kwiheba.

Mu bihe bimwe bimwe, kwiheba kugaragara nta kintu cyabiteye kigaragara. Ibi bishobora gutera urujijo, ariko ni ingenzi kwibuka ko rimwe na rimwe imikorere y’ubwonko ihinduka ubwayo, kandi ntabwo ari amakosa yawe.

Ni ryari ukwiye kubona muganga kubera kwiheba?

Wagombye gutekereza ku kuvugana n’umukozi w’ubuzima niba ibimenyetso byo kwiheba bikomeje ibyumweru birenga bibiri cyangwa niba bigutera imbogamizi mu buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi. Nta mpamvu yo kubabara wenyine cyangwa gutegereza ko ibintu bigenda biba bibi.

Shaka ubufasha bw’ubuvuzi ako kanya niba ufite ibitekerezo byo kwiyahura cyangwa kwangiza umubiri wawe. Iyi ni ikibazo cy’ubuvuzi gikomeye, kandi ubufasha buraboneka amasaha 24/7 binyuze mu mirongo ya telefoni y’ubufasha cyangwa serivisi z’ubutabazi.

Ni igihe kandi cyo kubona muganga niba kwiheba bigira ingaruka ku kazi kawe, imibanire yawe, cyangwa ubushobozi bwawe bwo kwita kuri wewe ubwawe. Wenda uba uhamagara uvuga ko uri kurwara kenshi, ukirinda inshuti n’umuryango, cyangwa ugatakaza kwita ku buzima bwawe bw’ibanze.

Ntugatege amatwi niba ukoresha inzoga cyangwa ibiyobyabwenge kugira ngo uhangane n’ibyiyumvo byawe. Ukoresha ibiyobyabwenge bishobora gutuma kwiheba kuba kibi kurushaho kandi bigatuma habaho ibindi bibazo by’ubuzima.

Wibuke ko gushaka ubufasha ari ikimenyetso cy’ubutwari, atari intege nke. Kwiheba ni indwara y’ubuvuzi ishobora kuvurwa, kandi uko wakira ubufasha vuba, ni ko ugatangira kumva wishimye vuba.

Ni ibihe bintu byongera ibyago byo kwiheba?

Ibintu byinshi bishobora kongera amahirwe yawe yo kurwara kwiheba, nubwo kugira ibintu byongera ibyago ntibisobanura ko uzabirwara rwose. Kubyumva bishobora kugufasha kumenya igihe ushobora kuba ukeneye ubufasha bwihariye.

Amateka y’umuntu ku giti cye n’ay’umuryango we ni bimwe mu bintu bikomeye byongera ibyago. Niba wararwaye kwiheba mbere, hari amahirwe menshi yo kongera kubirwara. Kugira abavandimwe ba hafi barwaye kwiheba, indwara ya bipolar, cyangwa izindi ndwara zo mu mutwe nabyo byongera ibyago.

Ibintu byabaye mu buzima n’impinduka zikomeye bishobora kukugira intege nke:

• Guhura n’ibibazo bikomeye, ihohoterwa, cyangwa kwirengagizwa
• Gucamo impinduka zikomeye mu buzima nko gutandukana, kubura akazi, cyangwa kwimura
• Guhangana n’umunaniro ukabije cyangwa ibibazo bikomeye bidahoraho
• Guhura n’ibibazo by’amikoro cyangwa ubukene
• Kugira inkunga ya sosiyete nke cyangwa kumva uheremye
• Guhura n’ivangura cyangwa kwandikwa nabi na sosiyete

Ibintu bimwe na bimwe by’imibare y’abaturage bigira uruhare. Abagore bafite amahirwe abiri yo kurwara indwara yo kwiheba ugereranyije n’abagabo, bishobora guterwa n’impinduka z’imisemburo, igitutu cy’abaturage, n’umubare munini w’abahuye n’ibibazo bikomeye.

Imyaka irakomeye kandi - kwiheba bishobora kubaho mu myaka yose, ariko kenshi bimenyekana bwa mbere mu myaka y’ubwangavu cyangwa mu buto bw’ubukure. Abakuze bahura n’ibyago byihariye nko kurwara, kubura abakunzi, no kwigunga.

Ibintu by’ubuzima bifitanye isano n’ibyago birimo kugira ibibazo by’ubuzima bidahoraho, gufata imiti imwe, cyangwa guhura n’impinduka z’imisemburo mu gihe cyo gutwita, gucura, cyangwa indwara z’umwijima.

Kugira ibyo byago ntibisobanura ko kwiheba ari ngombwa. Abantu benshi bafite ibyago byinshi ntibahura na kwiheba, mu gihe abandi bafite ibyago bike babihura na byo.

Ni iki gishobora kuba ingaruka z’iyo ndwara yo kwiheba?

Kwiheba kutavuriwe bishobora gutera ingaruka zikomeye zigira ingaruka kuri buri kintu cyose mu buzima bwawe. Inkuru nziza ni uko, hakoreshejwe ubuvuzi bukwiye, ingaruka nyinshi muri izo zishobora kwirindwa cyangwa zigakira.

Kwiheba bishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima bwawe bw’umubiri mu gihe kirekire. Bifitanye isano n’ibyago byiyongereye byo kurwara umutima, diyabete, no gufatwa n’indwara yo mu bwonko.

Iyo ndwara ikunda kugira ingaruka ku mibanire yawe n’abantu. Ushobora kwirukana mu muryango no mu nshuti, kugira ikibazo cyo kubana n’abakunzi, cyangwa guhangana n’inshingano zo kurera.

Ubusanzwe, akazi n’imikorere mu ishuri bigenda nabi igihe umuntu arwaye ihungabana. Ushobora kugira ikibazo cyo kwibanda, ukabura igihe ntarenga, ukaba uhamagara uvuga ko urwaye kenshi, cyangwa ukabuza inyota yo kuzamuka mu kazi.

Bamwe mu bantu barwara ibibazo byo gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge mu gihe bagerageza guhangana n’ibimenyetso by’ihungabana. Kunywa inzoga cyangwa gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge bishobora gutanga impumuro y’igihe gito ariko byongera guhungabana kandi bigatuma habaho ibindi bibazo by’ubuzima.

Mu bihe bikomeye, ihungabana rishobora gutuma umuntu yikomeretsa cyangwa agatekereza kwiyahura. Niyo mpamvu gushaka ubufasha bw’umwuga ari ingenzi cyane - izi ngaruka zishobora kwirindwa hakoreshejwe ubuvuzi bukwiye.

Ihungabana rishobora kandi kongera uburwayi bumazeho. Niba ufite diyabete, indwara y’umutima, cyangwa izindi ndwara zidakira, ihungabana rishobora kubitera kugorana kubigenzura kandi rishobora kugabanya ubuvuzi bwanyu.

Ikintu cy’ingenzi cyo kwibuka ni uko izi ngaruka atari ngombwa. Kugira ubutabazi hakiri kare no kuvurwa buri gihe bishobora gukumira ibyinshi muri ibyo bibazo kandi bikagufasha kugira ubuzima bwiza kandi buhamye.

Ihungabana Rishobora Kwibandwaho Gute?

Nubwo udashobora buri gihe gukumira ihungabana rwose, hari intambwe nyinshi ushobora gutera kugira ngo ugabanye ibyago byaryo kandi wongere imbaraga zo guhangana n’ibibazo by’igihe kizaza. Tekereza kuri ibi nk’ishoramari mu mafaranga yawe y’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe.

Kubaka imibanire myiza ni kimwe mu bintu birinda ihungabana. Komeza umubano n’umuryango n’incuti, ujye mu matsinda y’abaturage, cyangwa ujye utanga umusanzu mu bikorwa ukunda.

Kwita ku buzima bw’umubiri bituma ubuzima bwawe bwo mu mutwe buzira. Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe, ndetse no kugenda iminota 20, bishobora kugira akamaro nk’imiti yo kuvura ihungabana rito. Gerageza kugira gahunda yo kuryama no kurya indyo yuzuye.

Kwigira uburyo bwo guhangana n’umunaniro bishobora kubikumira kudakurwanya. Ibi bishobora kuba harimo gukora imyitozo yo kuruhuka, gushyiraho imipaka mu kazi, cyangwa kwiga kuvuga oya ku mirimo ikwambura imbaraga.

Gutegura ingamba zo guhangana n’ibibazo mbere y’uko biba nk’aho ufite ibikoresho byuzuye. Ibi bishobora kuba harimo kwandika ibyiyumvo byawe, gukora imyitozo yo gutekereza, gukora ibikorwa by’ubuhanzi, cyangwa kuvugana n’incuti zawe wizeye igihe habaye ibibazo.

Niba waragize ihungabana mbere, kuguma ufite umubano n’umuganga wawe wita ku buzima bwawe bwo mu mutwe, naho waba umeze neza, bishobora kugufasha kubona ibimenyetso by’ibanze. Bamwe bagira akamaro mu kuvurwa kugira ngo birinde kongera kubaho.

Kugabanya inzoga no kwirinda ibiyobyabwenge bitemewe birinda imisemburo y’ubwonko bwawe kandi birinda ko ibiyobyabwenge bibangamira uburyo bwawe bwo kugenzura ibyiyumvo.

Wibuke ko kwirinda atari ukugira ubuzima butunganye cyangwa kutazigera wumva ubona. Ni ukubaka umusingi ukomeye ugufasha guhangana n’ibibazo bitunguranye by’ubuzima.

Uburwayi bwo mu mutwe buramenya gute?

Kumenya uburwayi bwo mu mutwe bikubiyemo isuzuma rirambuye rikorewe n’umuganga, akenshi umuganga wawe usanzwe cyangwa umuhanga mu buzima bwo mu mutwe. Nta kizami cy’amaraso cyangwa iskaneri ishobora kumenya uburwayi bwo mu mutwe - bishingiye ku bimenyetso byawe n’ibyo uba wanyuzemo.

Muganga wawe azatangira akubaza ibibazo birambuye ku byiyumvo byawe, igihe ibimenyetso byatangiye, n’uburyo bigira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi. Ba inyangamugayo ku byo wanyuzemo, naho byaba bigutesha agaciro cyangwa bikagorana kubivuga.

Bazakoresha ibibazo cyangwa ibikoresho byo gupima kugira ngo basuzume uburemere bw’ibimenyetso byawe. Ibi bishobora kubaza ibyiyumvo byawe, ingufu, uko uryamye, n’ibitekerezo byawe ku hazaza.

Isuzuma ry’umubiri n’ibizamini by’amaraso bishobora gukorwa kugira ngo habeho gukuraho uburwayi bushobora kugaragara nk’ibimenyetso by’uburwayi bwo mu mutwe. Ibibazo by’umwijima, kubura vitamine, cyangwa ibindi bibazo by’ubuzima rimwe na rimwe bishobora gutera ibyiyumvo nk’ibyo.

Muganga wawe azakubaza kandi amateka yawe y’ubuzima, imiti urimo kunywa, n’amateka y’umuryango wawe y’uburwayi bwo mu mutwe. Azashaka kumenya ibyabaye mu buzima bwawe vuba aha cyangwa ibintu byaguteye umunaniro.

Igikorwa cyo gupima gishobora gufata umuganga umwe cyangwa benshi. Abahanga mu buvuzi bw’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe bakoresha ibipimo byihariye bifashwe mu gitabo cya Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders kugira ngo hamenyekane neza uburwayi.

Ntukabe wenyine niba uburyo bwo gupima bukomeye - uku gusuzumwa neza bifasha kugira ngo ubone ubuvuzi bukwiye. Umuganga wawe arashaka gusobanukirwa uko uhagaze kugira ngo aguhe ubuvuzi bwiza.

Ubuvuzi bw’agahinda ni iki?

Agahinda kavurwa cyane, kandi abantu benshi bagaragaza iterambere rigaragara bafite uburyo bukwiye. Ubuvuzi busanzwe burimo guhuza ingamba zikubereye ukurikije ibyo ukeneye n’ibyo ukunda.

Ubuvuzi bwo kuvugana, bwitwa kandi kuvugana, busanzwe ari bwo buvuzi bwa mbere bw’agahinda gato kugeza ku gahinda gakabije. Ubuvuzi bwo guhindura imitekerereze bugufasha kumenya no guhindura imitekerereze mibi, mu gihe ubuvuzi bw’imibanire bugamije kunoza imibanire n’itumanaho.

Imiti yo kuvura agahinda ishobora kugira akamaro cyane, cyane cyane ku gahinda gakabije. Ubwoko busanzwe burimo SSRIs, SNRIs, n’andi matsinda akora mu guhindura imikorere y’ubwonko. Bishobora gufata ibyumweru byinshi kugira ngo wumve neza ingaruka.

Muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba guhuza ubuvuzi n’imiti, kuko guhuza ibi bibiri bikunze kugira akamaro kurusha ubuvuzi bumwe ubwo aribwo bwose. Uburyo bwo kuvura biterwa n’ibimenyetso, amateka y’ubuzima bwawe, n’ibyo ukunda.

Ku gahinda gakabije kidakira n’andi mavuriro, hari ubundi buryo. Ubuvuzi bwo gukangura ubwonko (ECT) bushobora kuba buteye ubwoba, ariko ni bwiza kandi bugira akamaro cyane mu bihe bimwe na bimwe. Ubuvuzi bushya nka transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) na bwo bugenda bugira umusaruro mwiza.

Guhindura imibereho bigira uruhare runini mu buvuzi. Gukora siporo buri gihe, kurya indyo nzima, gusinzira neza, no guhangana n’umunaniro bishobora kongera cyane ingaruka z’andi mavuriro.

Bamwe bagira akamaro mu buryo bw’inyongera nka gushyira mu gaciro imitekerereze, yoga, cyangwa acupuncture hamwe n’ubuvuzi busanzwe. Ibyo byose ubanze ubimenyeshe umuganga wawe.

Kuvurwa ntibihora bigenda neza – ushobora gukenera impinduka mu nzira. Ihangane n’inzira kandi uganire neza n’itsinda ry’abaganga bawe ku byakubereye ingirakamaro n’ibidakubereye.

Uko wakwitaho iwawe mugihe ufite ihungabana?

Nubwo kuvurwa n’umwuga ari ingenzi, hari byinshi ushobora gukora iwawe kugira ngo ushyigikire gukira kwawe kandi ugenzure ibimenyetso by’ihungabana umunsi ku munsi. Iyi mabwiriza akora neza ari kumwe, atari aho gukoresha ubuvuzi bw’umwuga.

Kugira gahunda ya buri munsi bishobora gutanga imiterere iyo byose bigaragara nk’ibidasobanutse. Tangira utoroheje – wenda gusa ushyireho igihe cyo kubyuka buri gihe cyangwa gutegura igikorwa kimwe gifite agaciro buri munsi.

Imikino ngororamubiri ni kimwe mu bikoresho bikomeye ufite. Ntukeneye imyitozo ikomeye – ndetse n’inzira y’iminota 10 utembera hafi y’inzu ishobora kuzamura umwuka wawe n’ibyishimo.

Fata neza umubiri wawe iyo ibindi byose bigaragara nk’ibiremereye. Ibi bivuze kurya ibiryo buri gihe, koga, no kwambara, nubwo wumva utabishaka.

Komereza gufatanya n’abantu bagushyigikiye, nubwo ukwiherera bigaragara ko biroroshye. Andika ubutumwa bugufi kuri mugenzi wawe, hamagara umuryango wawe, cyangwa wicare muri ka cafe hafi y’abandi niba guhura imbona n’imboni bigaragara ko bigoye.

Koresha inzoga nke kandi wirinda ibiyobyabwenge, kuko bishobora kurushaho kubije ibimenyetso by’ihungabana kandi bikabuza kuvurwa. Niba uhanganye no gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge, bibwire umuganga wawe.

Kora neza ibitotsi bityo ujye kuryama kandi ukangukire mu bihe bihuje. Irinde amashusho mbere yo kuryama kandi utegure umuhango wo kuryama ushimishije.

Rinda ibitekerezo bibi iyo ubimenye. Wibabaza niba hari ibimenyetso by’ibyo bitekerezo cyangwa niba hari ubundi buryo bworoshye bwo kubona ikibazo.

Ibuke ko gukira atari ugukurikira umurongo umwe – uzagira iminsi myiza n’iminsi igoranye. Ihangane kandi wigirire imbabazi muri uyu mujyo.

Wategura Gute Umuhango wawe w’Igisuzumwa na Muganga?

Gutegura umuhango wawe w’Igisuzumwa na Muganga bishobora kugufasha kubona byinshi mu gihe cyawe hamwe n’umuvuzi wawe. Gutegura gato bishobora gutuma ikiganiro kiba cyiza kandi bikabuza kwibagirwa ibintu by’ingenzi.

Andika ibimenyetso byawe mbere y’umuhango, harimo igihe byatangiye n’uburyo bigira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi. Fata ibimenyetso by’amarangamutima n’iby’umubiri, kuko byose ni ingenzi.

Kora urutonde rw’imiti n’ibindi byongerwamo byose ukoresha, harimo n’umwanya wo kubinywa. Imiti imwe ishobora kugira ingaruka ku marangamutima, bityo aya makuru ni ingenzi kuri muganga wawe.

Tekereza ku mateka y’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe bw’umuryango wawe. Niba abavandimwe bawe bagize ihungabana, guhangayika, cyangwa izindi ndwara zo mu mutwe, menyesha muganga wawe.

Tegura kuganira ku mpinduka zabaye mu buzima bwa vuba cyangwa ibintu byateye umunaniro. Nubwo impinduka nziza nko kubona akazi gashya cyangwa kwimuka rimwe na rimwe bishobora gutera ihungabana.

Andika ibibazo wifuza kubabaza. Ibi bishobora kuba ibibazo bijyanye n’uburyo bwo kuvura, ingaruka mbi zishoboka, cyangwa igihe gishoboka cyo gukira.

Teganya kuzana inshuti cyangwa umuryango wizeye kugira ngo aguhe inkunga, cyane cyane niba wumva unaniwe cyangwa ugira ikibazo cyo kwibanda.

Tegura kuvuga ukuri ku bintu by’ibanga nko gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge, ibitekerezo byo kwiyahura, cyangwa ibibazo by’umubano. Muganga wawe akeneye amakuru arambuye kugira ngo aguhe ubufasha neza.

Ntukabe umuntu w’amakenga kubera kutamenya ibisubizo byose cyangwa gusobanura byose neza. Umuganga wawe yatojwe gufasha kuyobora ikiganiro no kubabaza ibibazo bikwiye.

Ni Iki Kintu Nyamukuru Kijyanye n’Ihungabana?

Ikintu cy’ingenzi cyo gusobanukirwa ku bijyanye n’ihungabana ni uko ari indwara nyakuri kandi ivurwa, atari ikosa ry’umuntu cyangwa ikintu wakwihitiramo wenyine. Abantu babarirwa muri za miriyoni barahuye n’ihungabana, kandi ubuvura bufatika burahari.

Ihungabana rishobora gufata umuntu uwo ari we wese, uko ari kose, aho ava akagera, cyangwa uko imimerere y’ubuzima bwe imeze. Ntabwo ari ukubura imbaraga cyangwa kudashyiramo imbaraga ngo wiyumve neza. Indwara irimo impinduka nyakuri mu mikorere y’ubwonko zisaba ubuvuzi bukwiye.

Kuvurwa bishoboka, nubwo bisaba igihe n’ubwigongwe. Abantu benshi barwaye ihungabana baragenda barushaho kumererwa neza babonye ubuvuzi bukwiye, yaba ari ubuvuzi, imiti, impinduka mu mibereho, cyangwa ihuriro ry’uburyo butandukanye.

Ntukwiye kubabara wenyine. Gusaba ubufasha ni ikimenyetso cy’ubutwari kandi ni intambwe ya mbere yo kumva neza. Abaganga, abarimu b’ubuvuzi, n’amatsinda y’ubufasha bose bahari kugufasha muri ibi bihe bigoye.

Niba ufasha umuntu urwaye ihungabana, ibuka ko kwihangana kwawe no kumwumva bishobora gutanga umusaruro. Muhe inkunga yo gushaka ubufasha bw’umwuga kandi ukomeze kuba umusemburo w’inkunga uhoraho.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa Ku Bijyanye n’Ihungabana

Ihungabana rishobora gushira rititabwaho?

Nubwo bimwe mu bihe byoroheje by’ihungabana bishobora kumera neza hatabayeho ubuvuzi bwa muganga, ubusanzwe ingaruka nyinshi zigira akamaro gakomeye ku buvuzi bw’umwuga. Ihungabana ritavuwe rikunda kumara igihe kirekire kandi rishobora kurushaho kuba kibi uko iminsi igenda. Nubwo ibimenyetso bishobora kumera neza by’agateganyo, ihungabana rikunda kugaruka hatabayeho ubuvuzi bukwiye. Gusaba ubufasha hakiri kare bishobora gukumira ingaruka mbi no kugabanya ibyago byo kugira ibindi bihe.

Birama igihe kingana iki kugira ngo ubuvuzi bw’ihungabana bugire akamaro?

Igihe kitandukanye bitewe n’uburyo bwo kuvura n’ibintu byihariye. Ukoresheje ubuvuzi, ushobora kubona ibintu bimwe na bimwe byiza mu byumweru bike, nubwo impinduka zikomeye zikunda gufata amezi 2-3. Imiti yo kurwanya ihungabana isanzwe ifata ibyumweru 4-6 kugira ngo igaragaze ingaruka zuzuye, nubwo bamwe babona impinduka vuba. Buri wese asubiza mu buryo butandukanye, bityo rero, ni ngombwa kwihangana no gukorana bya hafi n’abaganga bawe.

Habaho itandukaniro hagati y’ihungabana n’agahinda gasanzwe cyangwa igihe kigoye?

Yego, ihungabana ritandukanye cyane n’agahinda gasanzwe cyangwa ibihe bigoye by’igihe gito. Ihungabana ririmo ibimenyetso biramba bikamara ibyumweru cyangwa amezi kandi bigatinda cyane ubushobozi bwawe bwo gukora. Mu gihe agahinda gasanzwe gashamikiye ku bintu runaka kandi kigakira uko igihe kigenda, ihungabana rishobora kubaho nta mpamvu isobanutse kandi ntikira ubwaryo. Ihungabana kandi ririmo ibimenyetso by’umubiri nko guhinduka k’uburyo bwo kuryama, ibyokurya, n’ingufu bitari ibisanzwe mu gahinda gasanzwe.

Ese impinduka mu mibereho gusa zishobora kuvura ihungabana?

Impinduka mu mibereho nko gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe, kurya indyo nzima, kugira imikorere myiza yo kuryama, no gucunga umunaniro bishobora gufasha cyane mu ihungabana, cyane cyane mu bihe byoroheje. Ariko kandi, ihungabana rirerire cyangwa rikomeye risaba ubuvuzi bw’umwuga nko kuvurwa cyangwa imiti. Impinduka mu mibereho zikora neza nk’igice cy’umugambi w’ubuvuzi uhamye aho kuba ubuvuzi bwigenga. Bazibone nk’abakinnyi b’ingenzi bashyigikira aho kuba igisubizo cyose.

Ese nzagomba guhora mfata imiti yo kurwanya ihungabana?

Si ngombwa. Igihe cyo kuvurwa n’imiti yo kuvura ihungabana gitandukanye cyane ku bantu. Bamwe bayifata amezi make mu gihe cy’uburwayi bukabije, abandi bashobora gukenera kuvurwa igihe kirekire kugira ngo birinde kongera kurwara. Muganga wawe azakorana nawe kugira ngo ashyireho gahunda ibereye bitewe n’ibimenyetso, amateka y’ubuzima bwawe n’ibyago. Abantu benshi barahagarika imiti neza bafashwe n’abaganga, igihe bamaze gukira neza.