Cardiomyopathy yaguze ni iki? Ibimenyetso, Intandaro, & Ubuvuzi

Cardiomyopathy yaguze ni uburwayi bw’umutima aho umusuli w’umutima wawe uba munini kandi ugosha, bigatuma bigorana gutuma amaraso agenda neza mu mubiri wawe wose. Tekereza nk’umupira w’umwuka wamanuwe cyane - inkuta zigira ubugororangingo kandi zikaba zidashobora gukanda neza.

Ubu burwayi bugira ingaruka ku cyumba gikuru cy’umutima gishinzwe gutera amaraso, kitwa ventricule y’ibumoso. Iyo icyo cyumba kinini kandi kigosha, umutima wawe uhangana no gutanga amaraso akungahaye kuri ogisijeni umubiri wawe ukeneye kugira ngo ukore neza.

Ibimenyetso bya cardiomyopathy yaguze ni ibihe?

Ibimenyetso bikunze kuza buhoro buhoro uko umutima wawe ukora cyane kugira ngo ubone ubushobozi bwo kugira intege nke. Abantu benshi ntibabona ibimenyetso byambere kuko umutima uba ufite ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira impinduka.

Dore ibimenyetso bikunze kugaragara ushobora kugira:

• Guhumeka nabi, cyane cyane mu gihe ukora imyitozo ngororamubiri cyangwa uri kuryamye
• Umunaniro udashira n’intege nke bidakira no kuruhuka
• Kubyimbagira mu maguru, mu birenge, mu birenge, cyangwa mu nda
• Gutera kw’umutima cyane cyangwa kudakozwe neza kumva nk’aho urimo guhindagurika
• Kubabara mu gituza cyangwa kudakorwa neza
• Kuzenguruka cyangwa kumva udakomeye
• Kugorana gusinzira kubera ibibazo byo guhumeka

Bamwe mu bantu bagira kandi ibimenyetso bidafite akamaro nk’inkorora idashira, cyane cyane iyo uri kuryamye, cyangwa kwiyongera k’uburemere butunguranye buturuka ku kubika amazi. Ibi bimenyetso bishobora gutandukana ukurikije umuntu, kandi bamwe mu bantu bashobora kugira ibimenyetso bidakomeye cyane mu ntangiriro.

Ni ngombwa kumenya ko ibimenyetso bishobora kuba bibi uko igihe kigenda, niba uburwayi budakurikiranwe neza. Ariko kandi, hakoreshejwe ubuvuzi bukwiye, abantu benshi babona impumuro nziza kandi bashobora kugira ubuzima bwiza.

Icyateye cardiomyopathy yaguze ni iki?

Impamvu nyakuri ntisobanuka buri gihe, ibyo bishobora gutera agahinda iyo ushaka ibisubizo. Mu bihe byinshi, abaganga babita “idiopathic”, bisobanura ko ikintu cyabiteye gikomeza kutazwi nubwo hakozwe iperereza ryimbitse.

Ariko kandi, hari ibintu byinshi bishobora gutera iyi ndwara:

• Ibintu by’umuzuko - byakuwe mu muryango ufite ibibazo by’umutima
• Indwara ziterwa na virusi zigira ingaruka ku mitsi y’umutima, nka zimwe muri virusi za grippe
• Kunywisha inzoga igihe kirekire bikangiza imikaya y’umutima
• Imiti imwe, harimo imiti imwe ikoreshwa mu kuvura kanseri
• Indwara ziterwa n’umubiri ubwawo aho ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri bugaba igitero ku mitsi y’umutima ikora neza
• Kubura intungamubiri, cyane cyane thiamine (vitamine B1)
• Ingaruka ziterwa n’inda, bizwi nka peripartum cardiomyopathy

Impamvu zidakunze kugaragara harimo kwandura uburozi bumwe na bumwe, indwara ziterwa n’imikorere mibi y’umubiri nka diyabete, n’indwara z’umuzuko zidafite akamaro. Rimwe na rimwe, ibibazo by’umutima bindi nka coronary artery disease bishobora gutera dilated cardiomyopathy niba bitavuwe.

Kumva impamvu, aho bishoboka, bifasha itsinda ry’ubuvuzi ryawe gutegura gahunda y’ubuvuzi ikwiranye n’imimerere yawe.

Ugomba kubona muganga ryari kubera dilated cardiomyopathy?

Ugomba gushaka ubuvuzi niba ufite ibimenyetso biramba bikubuza gukora ibikorwa bya buri munsi. Ntugatege amatsiko kugira ngo ibimenyetso bikomeze kuba bibi mbere yo gusaba ubufasha.

Tegura gahunda yo kubonana na muganga wawe niba ubona guhumeka nabi, umunaniro utasobanuka, cyangwa kubyimba mu birenge bidakira nubwo warikorera kandi ukabyimika hejuru. Ibi bimenyetso bishobora kugaragara nkibito ubanza, ariko kubimenya hakiri kare no kubivura bishobora kugira uruhare runini mu buzima bwawe bw’igihe kirekire.

Shaka ubufasha bwihuse bw’ubuvuzi mu gihe ufite ububabare mu gituza, ugira ikibazo gikomeye cyo guhumeka, ugasinzira cyangwa ukagira ibimenyetso bikomeye bitunguranye. Ibi bishobora kugaragaza ko umutima wawe uhangayitse kurusha ubusanzwe kandi ukeneye ubufasha bwa muganga vuba.

Niba ufite amateka y’indwara y’umutima mu muryango wawe cyangwa cardiomyopathy, menyesha umuganga wawe nubwo udafite ibimenyetso. Kwisuzumisha buri gihe bishobora gufasha kubona ibibazo bishoboka hakiri kare igihe bikira neza.

Ni ibihe bintu byongera ibyago bya dilated cardiomyopathy?

Ibintu byinshi bishobora kongera amahirwe yo kurwara iyi ndwara, nubwo kugira ibyago ntibisobanura ko uzayirwara. Gusobanukirwa ibi bintu bishobora kugufasha wowe n’itsinda ry’abaganga bawe guhora maso.

Ibyago by’ingenzi birimo:

• Amateka y’indwara y’umutima cyangwa urupfu rutunguranye rw’umutima mu muryango
• Imyaka - ikunze kugaragara mu bantu bakuze bageze hagati, nubwo ishobora kubaho mu myaka yose
• Igitsina gabo - abagabo barakibasirwa kurusha abagore
• Kunywesha inzoga nyinshi igihe kirekire
• Amateka y’indwara z’umutima cyangwa indwara z’imitsi y’umutima
• Umuvuduko ukabije w’amaraso udasanzwe
• Indwara zimwe na zimwe ziterwa na virusi
• Indwara zifata umubiri wose

Bamwe bashobora kugira ibyago byinshi, abandi bakaba barwara iyi ndwara badafite ibyago na bimwe. Ubu buryo butandukanye ni bumwe mu bituma indwara y’umutima igorana, ariko nanone bisobanura ko kugira ibyago ntibikubuza amahirwe.

Inkuru nziza ni uko ibyago byinshi, nko kunywa inzoga no kugenzura umuvuduko w’amaraso, bishobora gufatwaho ingamba hifashishijwe impinduka mu mibereho n’ubuvuzi.

Ni ibihe bintu bishobora guterwa na dilated cardiomyopathy?

Nubwo ibibazo bishobora gutera ubwoba, kubisobanukirwa bigufasha kumenya ibimenyetso by’uburwayi no gukorana n’itsinda ry’abaganga bawe kugira ngo wirinde ibibazo bikomeye. Ibibazo byinshi bishobora gufatwaho ingamba neza hakoreshejwe ubuvuzi n’ubukurikirane bukwiye.

Ingaruka zisanzwe zigaragara cyane zirimo:

• Gucika intege kw'umutima - iyo umutima wawe udashobora gutera amaraso ahagije kugira ngo uhuze ibyo umubiri wawe ukeneye
• Umutima ukomanga nabi (arrhythmias) bishobora kumvikana nk'aho ukomanga ucika cyangwa ukomeye cyane
• Ibibyimba by'amaraso bishobora gukorwa mu byumba by'umutima byagutse
• Ibibazo by'amavavu y'umutima, cyane cyane ku kavu yitwa mitral valve
• Impindurwa z'ubwonko (stroke) - niba ibibyimba by'amaraso bijya mu bwonko
• Guhagarara k'umutima k'umwijima mu bihe bikomeye

Ingaruka zidakunze kugaragara ariko zikomeye zirimo gucika intege kw'umutima bikomeye bisaba ubuvuzi buhanitse nko kubyaza umutima. Bamwe bashobora kandi kugira ibibazo by'impyiko niba umutima wabo udashobora gutera amaraso neza mu mpyiko.

Ariko kandi, kubera ubuvuzi bukwiye n'imiteguro myiza y'ubuzima, abantu benshi bafite dilated cardiomyopathy babaho ubuzima buzuye kandi bukorwa neza batagize ingaruka zikomeye. Gukurikiranwa buri gihe no gukurikiza gahunda yawe y'ubuvuzi bigabanya cyane ibyo bibazo.

Dilated cardiomyopathy ipima ite?

Isuzuma risanzwe ritangira muganga wawe yumva umutima wawe n'ibihaha, hanyuma agabaza ibibazo birambuye ku bimenyetso byawe n'amateka y'umuryango wawe. Iyo igenzura rya mbere rifasha kumenya ibizamini bishobora kuba byiza.

Itsinda ryawe ry'ubuvuzi rishobora kugusaba ibizamini byinshi kugira ngo umenye neza uko umutima wawe umeze. Echocardiogram ni igizamini nyamukuru - ikoresha amajwi kugira ngo ikore amashusho y'umutima wawe, igaragaza uko upompa neza niba yagutse.

Ibizamini byongeyeho bishobora kuba harimo electrocardiogram (EKG) kugira ngo urebe ibikorwa by'amashanyarazi y'umutima wawe, ama rayons X y'ibituro kugira ngo urebe ingano y'umutima wawe kandi urebe niba hari amazi mu bihaha byawe, n'ibizamini by'amaraso kugira ngo urebe ibimenyetso byo kwangirika kw'umutima cyangwa izindi ndwara.

Rimwe na rimwe, bisaba ibizamini byihariye, nka MRI y’umutima kugira ngo hamenyekane neza imiterere y’umutima, ibizamini byo kureba uko umutima wakira imyitozo ngororamubiri, cyangwa se no gusuzuma imitsi y’umutima hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa catheterization. Muganga wawe azakubwira impamvu buri kizamini cyagenewe uko uhagaze.

Ubuvuzi bw’indwara y’umutima urimbaniye ni iki?

Ubuvuzi bugamije gufasha umutima wawe gukora neza, gucunga ibimenyetso, no gukumira ingaruka mbi. Inkuru nziza ni uko hari ubuvuzi bwinshi bufatika, kandi abantu benshi bagaragaza iterambere iyo bitayeho neza.

Imiti igira uruhare runini mu buvuzi kandi isanzwe irimo:

• ACE inhibitors cyangwa ARBs kugira ngo zigabanye umuvuduko ku mutima wawe
• Beta-blockers kugira ngo zigabanye umuvuduko w’umutima n’umuvuduko w’amaraso
• Diuretics kugira ngo zifashe gukuraho amazi y’umubiri arenze urugero kandi zigabanye kubyimba
• Imiti igabanya ubugari bw’amaraso niba uri mu kaga ko kugira ubugari bw’amaraso

Ku bamwe, ibikoresho nka pacemakers cyangwa implantable defibrillators bishobora kugirwa inama kugira ngo bifashe kugenzura umuvuduko w’umutima cyangwa kurinda arrhythmias z’akaga. Ibyo bikoresho ni bito kurusha uko ushobora kubitekereza kandi bishobora kunoza cyane umutekano n’imibereho.

Mu bihe bikomeye, ubuvuzi buzamuwe nka ventricular assist devices cyangwa kubyaza umutima undi mutima bishobora kugenzurwa. Ariko rero, abantu benshi bagaragaza igisubizo cyiza ku miti no guhindura imibereho, ntibakenera ibyo bivuzi bikomeye.

Gahunda y’ubuvuzi bwawe izahujwa n’ibyo ukeneye, ibimenyetso, n’uko umutima wawe ukora neza. Gusura muganga buri gihe bituma itsinda ry’abaganga bakwitaho bahindura ubuvuzi uko bikenewe.

Wakwitwararika ute indwara y’umutima urimbaniye iwawe?

Kwita ku buzima iwawe bigira uruhare rukomeye mu kumva neza no gukumira ko iyi ndwara ikomeza kuba mbi. Impinduka nto, zihoraho mu mirimo yawe ya buri munsi zishobora kugira akamaro mu buryo wumva.

Funga amaso ku mpinduka z’ubuzima buzira umutima nk’ukurya indyo ikennye kuri sodium kugira ngo ufashe mu kwirinda kubika amazi. Gerageza kugira munsi ya 2,000 mg ya sodium buri munsi, bivuze gusoma ibimenyetso by’ibiribwa no guhitamo ibiryo bishya kuruta ibyakorewe mu ruganda aho bishoboka.

Imikino ikorwa buri gihe, yoroheje yemewe n’itsinda ry’ubuvuzi ryawe ishobora gufasha mu gukomeza umutima wawe uko iminsi igenda. Ibi bishobora kuba harimo kugenda, koga, cyangwa indi mikino itoroshye idakurushya cyangwa itakurumbura.

Jya ugenzura ibiro byawe buri munsi kandi ubwira itsinda ryawe ry’ubuvuzi igihe ibiro byiyongereye kuko bishobora kugaragaza ko amazi ari kubikwa. Komereza ku rutonde rworoheje rw’ibiro byawe bya buri munsi, ibimenyetso, n’uko wumva.

Koresha inzoga nke cyangwa uzirinde burundu, kuko inzoga zishobora kugabanya imbaraga z’umutima wawe. Nanone, jya uba ugezweho mu gukingira, cyane cyane inkingo za grippe na pneumonia, kuko indwara zishobora gushyira umutima wawe mu kaga.

Wategura gute uruzinduko kwa muganga?

Gutegura bituma ukoresha neza igihe cyawe hamwe n’itsinda ryawe ry’ubuvuzi kandi bikabuza amakuru akomeye kutazibagirana. Gutegura gato mbere y’uruzinduko byatuma uhabwa ubuvuzi bwiza kandi ugire icyizere cyinshi muri gahunda yawe y’ubuvuzi.

Andika ibimenyetso byawe byose, harimo igihe byatangiye, icyabikiza cyangwa kibyongerera, n’uko bigira ingaruka ku mirimo yawe ya buri munsi. Fata mu bwenge amakuru yerekeye ingufu zawe, uburyo bwo kuryama, n’ububabare ubona.

Zana urutonde rwuzuye rw’imiti yose, ibinyobwa, na vitamine ufata, harimo n’umwanya n’igihe uyifata. Niba bishoboka, zana amacupa nyirayo cyangwa ifoto y’ibimenyetso.

Tegura ibibazo bijyanye n’uburwayi bwawe, uburyo bwo kuvurwa, n’icyo witeze mu gihe kiri imbere. Ntukabe wenyine mu kubabaza ibibazo byinshi - itsinda ryawe ry’ubuvuzi rishaka ko ubwira uburwayi bwawe kandi ukumva wishimye na gahunda yawe y’ubuvuzi.

Tegereza kuzana umuntu wo mu muryango cyangwa incuti wizeye, uzagufasha kwibuka amakuru yavuzwe mu gihe cy’isuzumwa kandi aguhe ubufasha bwo mu buryo bw’amarangamutima.

Ni iki gikuru wakuramo ku ndwara y’umutima udakora neza (cardiomyopathie dilatée)?

Cardiomyopathie dilatée ni indwara ikomeye, ariko kandi irashobora kuvurwa neza ukoresheje ubuvuzi bukwiye n’impinduka mu mibereho. Abantu benshi barwaye iyi ndwara bakomeza kubaho ubuzima buhamye kandi buzuye igihe bakorana bya hafi n’abaganga babo.

Kumenya hakiri kare no kuvura bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku mibereho, nuko rero ntutinye gushaka ubuvuzi niba ufite ibimenyetso bikubangamiye. Ubuvuzi bw’umutima buhari ubu bugira ingaruka kurusha ikindi gihe cyose.

Wibuke ko gucunga iyi ndwara ari ubufatanye hagati yawe n’itsinda ry’abaganga bawe. Kugira uruhare rwawe mu kuvurwa, kuva ku gufata imiti nk’uko yagutegetswe kugera ku guhitamo imibereho ibereye umutima, bigira uruhare rukomeye mu buzima bwawe bw’igihe kirekire.

Ibibazo byakunda kubaho ku ndwara y’umutima udakora neza (cardiomyopathie dilatée)

Cardiomyopathie dilatée irashobora gukira?

Nubwo nta muti urahari kuri cardiomyopathie dilatée, iyi ndwara ishobora gucungwa neza ikoreshejwe ubuvuzi bukwiye. Abantu benshi bagaragaza iterambere rikomeye mu bimenyetso byabo no mu mibereho yabo ikoresheje imiti, impinduka mu mibereho, no kugenzurwa n’abaganga buri gihe. Mu bimwe mu bihe, cyane cyane iyo iterwa n’ibintu bishobora kuvurwa nko kunywa inzoga cyangwa indwara zimwe na zimwe, imikorere y’umutima ishobora kuzamuka cyane ikoresheje ubuvuzi bukwiye.

Cardiomyopathie dilatée irazimukira?

Yego, cardiomyopathie dilatée ishobora kuzamuka mu miryango. Hagati ya 20-35% by’ababirwaye bafite ikintu cy’umurage, bisobanura ko ishobora guherwa ababyeyi ku bana. Niba ufite amateka y’umuryango wa cardiomyopathie cyangwa gucika intege kw’umutima bitasobanuwe, inama n’isuzuma ry’umurage bishobora kugusabwa. Abagize umuryango bashobora kandi kungukirwa no gusuzuma umutima nubwo badafite ibimenyetso.

Uramutse ufite indwara y'umutima wa dilated cardiomyopathy, wakemera kubaho igihe kingana iki?

Igihe cyo kubaho gitandukanye cyane bitewe n'ibintu byinshi, birimo uburyo iyi ndwara imenyekanye hakiri kare, uburyo ivura neza, n'ubuzima bwawe muri rusange. Abantu benshi bafite indwara y'umutima wa dilated cardiomyopathy babaho imyaka myinshi bafite ubuvuzi bukwiye. Ikintu nyamukuru ni ugukorana bya hafi n'itsinda ry'abaganga bawe, gukurikiza gahunda yawe y'ubuvuzi, no gukomeza kujya kubigenzura kugira ngo bakurikirane imikorere y'umutima wawe.

Waba ushobora gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri ufite indwara y'umutima wa dilated cardiomyopathy?

Yego, abantu benshi bafite indwara y'umutima wa dilated cardiomyopathy bashobora kandi bagomba gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri, ariko ni ingenzi gukorana n'itsinda ry'abaganga bawe kugira ngo mugire gahunda y'imyitozo ngororamubiri ikwiye. Imiborere isanzwe, ifatika ishobora gufasha kunoza imikorere y'umutima n'imibereho muri rusange. Muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba gutangira buhoro buhoro ukoresheje ibikorwa nk'ugenda cyangwa koga, hanyuma ugakomeza kwihuta uko ubyihanganira. Irinde imikino y'amahiganwa cyangwa ibikorwa bikomeye cyane keretse muganga wawe wita ku mutima akwemereye.

Ni ibihe biribwa ukwiye kwirinda ufite indwara y'umutima wa dilated cardiomyopathy?

Fata iya mbere mu kugabanya umunyu kugira ngo wirinde kubika amazi no kugabanya umuvuduko ku mutima wawe. Ibi bivuze kwirinda ibiryo bitegurwa, amasupu ari mu bidende, inyama z'inyama zitunganyirijwe, n'ibiribwa byo muri resitora bisanzwe bifite umunyu mwinshi. Nanone gabanya cyangwa wirinde burundu inzoga, kuko zishobora kongera kugabanya imbaraga z'umutima. Ahubwo, hitamo imbuto n'imboga mbisi, poroteyine zoroheje, ibinyampeke byuzuye, n'ibiryo bitegurwa hakoreshejwe umunyu muke. Itsinda ry'abaganga bawe rishobora kugusaba kugabanya amazi unywa niba ufite ibimenyetso bikomeye by'indwara y'umutima.