Uburwayi bwo Gutandukana n’Ubwenge: Ibimenyetso, Intandaro, n’Ubuvuzi

Uburwayi bwo gutandukana n’ubwenge ni uburwayi bwo mu mutwe aho wumva utandukanye n’ibitekerezo byawe, ibyiyumvo, kwibuka, cyangwa uburyo wiyumvamo. Tekereza ko ubwenge bwawe buva gato mu by’ukuri nk’uburyo bwo guhangana n’umunaniro ukabije cyangwa ibikomere.

Ibi bibazo bigira ingaruka ku buryo ubwonko bwawe butunganya ibyabaye n’ibyibukwa. Nubwo bishobora gutera ubwoba, uburwayi bwo gutandukana n’ubwenge ni uburwayi bwo mu mutwe bushobora kuvurwa, bukura nk’uburyo ubwonko bwawe bwirinda mu bihe bikomeye.

Uburwayi bwo Gutandukana n’Ubwenge ni iki?

Uburwayi bwo gutandukana n’ubwenge buzabaho iyo ubwonko bwawe bwakora ukutandukana hagati y’ibice bitandukanye by’ibyo uba ubayeho. Ubwonko bwawe “butandukana” kugira ngo bukurengere kubabara kw’amarangamutima cyangwa ibintu bikomeye.

Hari ubwoko butatu nyamukuru bw’uburwayi bwo gutandukana n’ubwenge. Buri bwoko bugira ingaruka ku buryo wiyumvamo na isi ikugerereye, ariko mu buryo butandukanye. Ikintu gikomeye ni uko ubwonko bwawe bwakora icyuho mu kumenya, kwibuka, cyangwa imimerere nk’uburyo bwo guhangana.

Ibi bibazo bisanzwe bikura kubera ibikomere, cyane cyane iyo bibaye hakiri kare mu buzima. Ubwonko bwawe bwiga “guhagarika” ibintu bimwe na bimwe kugira ngo bugufashe kubaho mu bihe bikomeye, ariko ubu buryo bwo kwirinda bushobora gukomeza nubwo uri mu mutekano.

Ni ibihe bwoko bw’Uburwayi bwo Gutandukana n’Ubwenge?

Ubwoko butatu nyamukuru bukorana uburyo butandukanye bwo gutandukana. Gusobanukirwa ibyo bitandukanye bishobora kugufasha kumenya ibyo ushobora kuba ubayeho no gushaka ubufasha bukwiye.

Uburwayi bwo Gutandukana n’Ubwenge (DID) burimo kugira imimerere cyangwa imico ibiri cyangwa irenga. Ushobora kugira icyuho mu kwibuka, kumva ko ibice bitandukanye byawe bigufata, cyangwa kugira uburyo butandukanye bwo gutekereza no kwitwara bikumva bitandukanye n’imimerere yawe nyamukuru.

Kwibuka nabi kubera gutandukana n’ubwenge bigutera kwibagirwa amakuru y’ingenzi ku giti cyawe, akenshi ajyanye n’ibikomere. Ibi si ukwibagirwa bisanzwe - ushobora gutakaza rwose kwibuka igihe runaka, abantu, cyangwa ibyabaye byari bikomeye.

Uburwayi bwo kumva utari wowe/isi itari yo bugutera kumva utandukanye nawe cyangwa ibyakugerereye. Ushobora kumva nk’aho uri kwireba uri hanze y’umubiri wawe, cyangwa nk’aho isi ikugerereye isa n’iy’inzozi, cyangwa ifite igicucu.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by’Uburwayi bwo Gutandukana n’Ubwenge?

Ibimenyetso bishobora gutandukana cyane hagati y’abantu, ariko byose birimo ubwoko bumwe bwo gutandukana n’ibyo uba ubayeho bisanzwe. Ushobora kubona ibyo byiyumvo bije bikagenda, cyangwa bishobora kubaho buri gihe.

Dore ibimenyetso bisanzwe ushobora kuba ufite:

• Kumva utandukanye n’umubiri wawe cyangwa ibyiyumvo, nk’aho uri kwireba uri kure
• Icyuho mu kwibuka amakuru ku giti cyawe, ibikorwa bya buri munsi, cyangwa ibyabaye bikomeye
• Kumva nk’aho isi ikugerereye itari yo, nk’iy’inzozi, cyangwa yahindutse
• Kugira imimerere cyangwa imico itandukanye ikumva itandukanye nawe
• Kwitiranya imimerere yawe cyangwa kumva utari uzi neza uwo uri we
• Kubona ibintu, ibyanditswe, cyangwa ibishushanyo utabyibuka ukoresheje
• Kubwirwa ibikorwa utabyibuka wakoze
• Kumva udakunda cyangwa utandukanye n’abantu ukunda

Ibi bimenyetso bikunze kugaragara cyane mu bihe by’umunaniro. Abantu benshi bavuga ko bumva “batariho” cyangwa nk’aho baba mu gihuhuhu kibatera kumva byose biri kure kandi bitumvikana.

Ni iki giteza Uburwayi bwo Gutandukana n’Ubwenge?

Uburwayi bwo gutandukana n’ubwenge bukunze guturuka ku bikomere, cyane cyane iyo bibaye mu bwana. Ubwonko bwawe bwiga “gutandukana” nk’uburyo bwo kubaho mu bihe bikomeye cyangwa bibabaza.

Intandaro zisanzwe zirimo ibyabaye byumvikana bikomeye cyane ku buryo ubwonko bwawe budashobora kubitunganya uko bikwiye:

• Ihohoterwa ry’umubiri, iry’igitsina, cyangwa iryo mu mutwe mu bwana
• Kwirengagizwa cyangwa kureka bikabije n’ababyeyi
• Kubona ihohoterwa cyangwa ibyabaye bikomeye
• Ibibazo by’ubuvuzi cyangwa ubuvuzi bubabaza buhoraho
• Ibiza cyangwa impanuka
• Intambara cyangwa intambara
• Ubucuruzi bw’abantu cyangwa gufungwa

Ubwonko bwawe buteza gutandukana nk’ubushobozi bwo kubaho muri ibyo bihe. Nubwo ibi bigufasha guhangana muri icyo gihe, ubwonko bwawe bushobora gukomeza gukoresha ubu buryo bwo kwirinda nubwo uri mu mutekano nyuma y’igihe.

Si buri wese uhanganye n’ibikomere ugira uburwayi bwo gutandukana n’ubwenge. Ibintu nka: imyaka yawe ubwo ikomere ryabaga, igihe cyacyo, umubano wawe n’uwakuteje ikibazo, n’ubufasha ubonye byose bigira ingaruka ku buryo ubwonko bwawe busubiza.

Ni ryari ukwiye kubona muganga kubera Uburwayi bwo Gutandukana n’Ubwenge?

Ukwiye gushaka ubufasha bw’umwuga niba gutandukana n’ubwenge bigira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi cyangwa bikagutera umunaniro. Abantu benshi babaho bafite ibi bimenyetso imyaka myinshi mbere yo gushaka ubuvuzi, ariko ubufasha bwa hakiri kare bushobora kugira akamaro kanini.

Tekereza kuvugana n’umukozi w’ubuzima niba ufite ibi bibazo:

• Icyuho mu kwibuka kigira ingaruka ku kazi kawe, umubano wawe, cyangwa inshingano zawe za buri munsi
• Kumva utandukanye nawe cyangwa ukuri ubusanzwe
• Kubona ibimenyetso by’ibikorwa utabyibuka wakoze
• Abantu bakubwira ibiganiro cyangwa imyitwarire utabyibuka
• Kumva ufite imimerere cyangwa imico itandukanye
• Kumva ubuzima bwawe buri kure
• Kugira ikibazo cyo kubana n’abandi kubera kutumva neza
• Ibitekerezo byo kwibabaza cyangwa kwiyahura

Wibuke ko gushaka ubufasha ari ikimenyetso cy’ubutwari, atari intege nke. Uburwayi bwo gutandukana n’ubwenge ni uburwayi nyabwo bw’ubuzima bushobora kuvurwa neza n’abahanga mu buvuzi bw’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe.

Ni ibihe bintu byongera ibyago byo kurwara Uburwayi bwo Gutandukana n’Ubwenge?

Ibintu bimwe na bimwe bishobora kongera amahirwe yawe yo kurwara uburwayi bwo gutandukana n’ubwenge. Gusobanukirwa ibyo bintu bishobora kugufasha gusobanukirwa impamvu bamwe barwara ibi bibazo abandi ntibabirwara.

Ibintu byongera ibyago by’ingenzi birimo ibyabaye n’imimerere bikora ikomere cyane cyangwa gikomeye:

• Guhura n’ihohoterwa cyangwa kwirengagizwa mbere y’imyaka 9, iyo imimerere y’umuntu ikibumbatira
• Kugira ibibazo byinshi bikomeye igihe kirekire
• Ikibazo kireba umuntu wari ufitiye icyizere, nka umuryango cyangwa umurezi
• Kubura umubano ushyigikira mu gihe cyangwa nyuma y’ibikomere
• Kugira ibindi bibazo by’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe nka kwiheba cyangwa guhangayika
• Amateka y’umuryango afite uburwayi bwo gutandukana n’ubwenge cyangwa ibindi bibazo bifitanye isano n’ibikomere
• Gukura mu mimerere y’akavuyo cyangwa idateganijwe
• Umuco cyangwa ibintu by’umuryango bikubuza kuvuga ku bikomere

Ni ngombwa kwibuka ko kugira ibintu byongera ibyago ntibivuze ko uzahita urwara uburwayi bwo gutandukana n’ubwenge. Abantu benshi bafite ibyo bintu ntibarwara ibi bibazo, mu gihe abandi bafite ibintu bike byongera ibyago barabyirwara.

Ni ibihe bibazo bishobora guterwa n’Uburwayi bwo Gutandukana n’Ubwenge?

Utabonye ubuvuzi bukwiye, uburwayi bwo gutandukana n’ubwenge bushobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku bice byinshi by’ubuzima bwawe. Ibyo bibazo bikura buhoro buhoro kandi bishobora kuba bikomeye uko igihe gihita niba bitavuwe.

Ibibazo bisanzwe bigira ingaruka ku mibanire yawe, akazi kawe, n’imibereho yawe muri rusange:

• Ikibazo cyo kugumana umubano wa hafi kubera kutumva neza
• Ibibazo mu kazi cyangwa ku ishuri kubera icyuho mu kwibuka cyangwa imyitwarire idahwitse
• Ibyago byiyongereye byo kwiheba, guhangayika, n’ibindi bibazo by’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe
• Imikorere yo kwibabaza cyangwa ibitekerezo byo kwiyahura
• Gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge nk’uburyo bwo guhangana n’ibimenyetso
• Ibibazo byo kurara no kurota ibitajyanye n’ukuri
• Ibibazo byo kurya cyangwa ubundi buryo butanoze bwo guhangana
• Ibibazo by’amategeko cyangwa amafaranga kubera ibikorwa byakozwe mu gihe cyo gutandukana n’ubwenge

Bamwe bagira ibibazo bitoroshye ariko bikomeye. Ibyo bishobora kuba harimo kwitiranya imimerere rwose, imyitwarire y’akaga mu gihe cyo gutandukana n’ubwenge, cyangwa kwikura mu muryango bikabije bigira ingaruka ku kwita ku buzima bwawe.

Inkuru nziza ni uko, ubuvuzi bukwiye, ibibazo byinshi bishobora kwirindwa cyangwa bigakira. Gutangira hakiri kare bikunze gutera ibyiza kandi bigafasha kwirinda ibibazo bituruka.

Uburwayi bwo Gutandukana n’Ubwenge buramenya gute?

Kumenya uburwayi bwo gutandukana n’ubwenge bisaba isuzuma rihamye ryakozwe n’umuhanga mu buzima bwo mu mutwe ufite ubunararibonye mu bikomere no gutandukana n’ubwenge. Nta kizami kimwe gishobora kumenya ibi bibazo.

Muganga wawe azatangira acika ku mpamvu z’ubuzima zishobora gutera ibyo bimenyetso. Ibintu bimwe by’ubuzima, imiti, cyangwa gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge bishobora gutera ibyiyumvo nk’ibyo byo gutandukana cyangwa ibibazo byo kwibuka.

Uburyo bwo kumenya uburwayi busanzwe burimo intambwe nyinshi. Umuhanga mu buzima bwawe bwo mu mutwe azakora ibiganiro birambuye ku bimenyetso byawe, amateka yawe, n’ibikomere byose wahuye na byo. Ashobora gukoresha ibibazo byihariye bigamije gusuzuma ibimenyetso byo gutandukana n’ubwenge.

Umuhanga wawe azasuzumana uburyo ibyo bimenyetso bigira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi. Kugira ngo hamenyekane uburwayi, ibimenyetso bigomba gutera umunaniro ukomeye cyangwa ibibazo mu bice by’ingenzi nko mu kazi, umubano, cyangwa kwita ku buzima bwawe.

Ibi bishobora gutwara igihe, cyane cyane ko abantu benshi barwaye uburwayi bwo gutandukana n’ubwenge baba barize guhisha ibimenyetso byabo cyangwa batabyibuka neza. Gira ubumwe nawe ubwawe n’itsinda ry’abaganga bawe mugakorera hamwe kugira ngo musobanukirwe ibyo ubayeho.

Ni iki kivura Uburwayi bwo Gutandukana n’Ubwenge?

Ubuvuzi bw’uburwayi bwo gutandukana n’ubwenge bugamije kugufasha guhuza ibyabayeho byawe no guteza imbere uburyo bunoze bwo guhangana. Intego si ukucishaho gutandukana n’ubwenge, ahubwo ni uguca ibimenyetso bigira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe.

Ubuvuzi bw’imitekerereze ni uburyo nyamukuru bw’ubuvuzi. Ubwoko butandukanye bw’ubuvuzi bwagaragaje ko bugira akamaro mu burwayi bwo gutandukana n’ubwenge:

• Ubuvuzi bwibanda ku bikomere kugira ngo utunganye ibyabayeho bikomeye mu mutekano
• Ubuvuzi bwo guhindura imitekerereze kugira ngo uhindure imitekerereze idafasha
• Ubuvuzi bwo guhangana n’ibibazo kugira ngo uteze imbere ubushobozi bwo kugenzura amarangamutima
• Guhuza amaso n’uburyo bwo kuvura ibikomere (EMDR) kugira ngo utunganye ibikomere
• Ubuvuzi bw’umuryango aho bikwiye kugira ngo duhangane n’ingaruka ku mibanire

Imiti ntivura uburwayi bwo gutandukana n’ubwenge, ariko ishobora gufasha gucunga ibimenyetso bifitanye isano. Muganga wawe ashobora kwandika imiti yo kuvura kwiheba cyangwa guhangayika, cyangwa indi miti ifasha mu bibazo byo kurara cyangwa guhangayika bikabije.

Ubuvuzi busanzwe burambye kandi buragera buhoro buhoro. Umuganga wawe azakora mu muvuduko ukumva uri mu mutekano, akubaka icyizere n’umutekano mbere yo guhangana n’ibibuka bikomeye cyangwa ibyabaye.

Uko wakwitaho mu gihe cy’ubuvuzi

Kwita ku buzima bwawe bigira uruhare rukomeye mu gukira uburwayi bwo gutandukana n’ubwenge. Ibyo bintu bishobora kugufasha kumva uri mu mutekano kandi uhujwe n’igihe uba urimo.

Fata umwanya wo gukora ibintu byiza mu buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi. Ibyo bishobora kuba harimo gukora gahunda yo kurara, igihe cyo kurya, n’ibikorwa bya buri munsi bigufasha kumva uri mu mutekano.

Uburyo bwo kumenya aho uri bushobora kugufasha cyane iyo utandukanye n’ubwenge:

• Koresha ibyiyumvo bitanu kugira ngo uhuze n’aho uri - banza kureba ibyo ubona, ibyo wumva, ibyo unuka, ibyo urya, n’ibyo ukoraho
• Kora imyitozo yo guhumeka kugira ngo ugire umutekano mu mubiri wawe
• Andika ibyo ubayeho kugira ngo ukurebe ibintu byabaye
• Kora imyitozo yoroheje nko kugenda cyangwa gukora imyitozo
• Kora ahantu heza, aho wumva uri mu mutekano mu rugo rwawe aho ushobora kuruhuka
• Kora itsinda ry’inshuti, umuryango, cyangwa amatsinda yo gufashanya
• Kwirinda inzoga n’ibiyobyabwenge, bishobora kongera ibimenyetso byo gutandukana n’ubwenge

Wibuke kwihangana no kugira imbabazi kuri wewe ubwawe. Gukira bisaba igihe, kandi bisanzwe kugira iminsi myiza n’iminsi mibi. Himura intambwe ntoya kandi ntutinye gushaka ubufasha bundi iyo ubukeneye.

Uko wakwitegura urugendo rwawe kwa muganga

Kwitunganya urugendo rwawe kwa muganga bishobora kugufasha kubona ibyiza byinshi mu gihe cyawe n’umukozi w’ubuzima. Kubera ko ibimenyetso byo gutandukana n’ubwenge bishobora kugira ingaruka ku kwibuka, kwandika ibintu mbere byafasha cyane.

Mbere y’urugendo rwawe, fata umwanya wo gutekereza ku byo wabayeho. Andika ibimenyetso byihariye wabonye, igihe biba, n’uburyo bigira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi. Fata ibintu byose byakubangamiye bikomeye.

Kora amakuru y’ingenzi yo kubwira umuganga wawe:

• Urutonde rw’ibimenyetso byose wahuye na byo, nubwo bisa n’ibidafitanye isano
• Amakuru y’ibikomere byose, niba wumva uri mu mutekano wo kubivuga
• Urutonde rwuzuye rw’imiti n’ibindi ukoresha
• Ibibazo ushaka kubabaza ku bimenyetso byawe cyangwa uburyo bwo kuvurwa
• Amateka y’umuryango afite ibibazo by’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe
• Ubuvuzi bwa mbere cyangwa ubuvuzi bw’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe

Tekereza kuzana inshuti cyangwa umuryango wawe wizeye niba ibyo bigufasha. Bashobora kugufasha no kukwibutsa amakuru y’ingenzi yavuzwe mu gihe cy’urugendo.

Bisanzwe kumva uhangayitse kuvuga ibyo wabayeho. Wibuke ko abahanga mu buzima bwo mu mutwe bahuguwe mu guhangana n’ibintu byoroshye kandi batagukoma amanga.

Icyingenzi ku Burwayi bwo Gutandukana n’Ubwenge

Uburwayi bwo gutandukana n’ubwenge ni uburwayi bw’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe bushobora kuvurwa, bukura nk’uburyo ubwonko bwawe bukurengera ibyabaye bikomeye. Nubwo bishobora gutera ubwoba no kwikura mu muryango, nturi wenyine, kandi gukira bishoboka.

Ikintu cy’ingenzi cyo gusobanukirwa ni uko kugira uburwayi bwo gutandukana n’ubwenge ntibivuze ko uri “umenyereye” cyangwa “uri umusazi”. Ubwonko bwawe bwateje ibyo bisubizo kugira ngo bugufashe kubaho mu bihe bikomeye, kandi ufite ubufasha bukwiye, ushobora kwiga uburyo bunoze bwo guhangana.

Ubuvuzi busaba igihe n’uburyo, ariko abantu benshi barwaye uburwayi bwo gutandukana n’ubwenge bashobora kunoza ibimenyetso byabo n’imibereho yabo. Gukorana n’umuhanga mu buzima bwo mu mutwe usobanukiwe ibikomere no gutandukana n’ubwenge ni ingenzi mu gukira.

Wibuke ko gushaka ubufasha ari intambwe y’ubutwari mu gukira. Ukwiye ubufasha, gusobanukirwa, n’amahirwe yo kubaho ubuzima buhimbaye butarimo ibimenyetso bikomeye byo gutandukana n’ubwenge.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubahwa Ku Burwayi bwo Gutandukana n’Ubwenge

Uburwayi bwo gutandukana n’ubwenge bushobora gukira burundu?

Nubwo nta “gukira” mu buryo busanzwe, uburwayi bwo gutandukana n’ubwenge bushobora kuvurwa cyane. Abantu benshi biga gucunga ibimenyetso byabo neza kandi babaho ubuzima buhimbaye. Ubuvuzi bugamije guhuza no guteza imbere uburyo bunoze bwo guhangana aho gukuraho ibimenyetso byose byo gutandukana n’ubwenge. Ufite ubuvuzi bukwiye n’ubufasha, ibimenyetso bikunze kunoza cyane uko igihe gihita.

Uburwayi bwo gutandukana n’ubwenge bumwe na Schizophrenia?

Oya, ibyo ni ibibazo bitandukanye rwose. Uburwayi bwo gutandukana n’ubwenge burimo gutandukana n’ibitekerezo, ibyiyumvo, cyangwa imimerere, mu gihe Schizophrenia irimo ibimenyetso nko kubona ibintu bitariho no gutekereza nabi. Abantu barwaye uburwayi bwo gutandukana n’ubwenge ntibakunze kugira ibimenyetso byo mu mutwe biboneka muri Schizophrenia. Akenshi kwitiranya guturuka ku buryo bigaragazwa mu itangazamakuru, ariko abahanga mu buzima bwo mu mutwe bashobora gutandukanya ibi bibazo byoroshye.

Abana bashobora kurwara uburwayi bwo gutandukana n’ubwenge?

Yego, uburwayi bwo gutandukana n’ubwenge bukunze gutangira mu bwana, cyane cyane nyuma y’ibikomere. Abana basanzwe bafite imipaka yoroshye hagati y’ukuri n’ibyiyumviro, ibyo bishobora kubatera kwibasirwa cyane no gutandukana n’ubwenge kubera ibikomere. Kumenya hakiri kare no kuvura bishobora kunoza cyane ibyiza ku bana bafite ibi bibazo.

Uburwayi bwo gutandukana n’ubwenge bugira ingaruka ku kwibuka burundu?

Ibibazo byo kwibuka bifitanye isano n’uburwayi bwo gutandukana n’ubwenge bishobora kunoza ubuvuzi. Nubwo hari ibyabaye bikomeye bishobora kugorana kubyibuka, abantu benshi bagaruka kwibuka neza uko bakira. Intego si ukugarura kwibuka byose byatakaye, ahubwo ni ukubaka ubumwe bwiza no kugabanya icyuho kibangamira ubuzima bwa buri munsi.

Umunaniro ushobora kongera ibimenyetso byo gutandukana n’ubwenge?

Yego, umunaniro ni ikintu gisanzwe gitera ibimenyetso byo gutandukana n’ubwenge. Mu bihe by’umunaniro, ubwonko bwawe bushobora gusubira ku buryo bwo guhangana bumenyereye, harimo no gutandukana n’ubwenge. Kwiga uburyo bwo guhangana n’umunaniro, kugira ubuzima bwiza, no kugira itsinda ry’abantu bagushyigikira bishobora kugufasha kugabanya ingaruka z’umunaniro ku bimenyetso byawe. Gukorana n’umuganga wawe bishobora kugufasha kumenya ibyo bikubangamira no guteza imbere uburyo bunoze bwo gusubiza.