DSRCT ni iki? Ibimenyetso, Intandaro, n'Ubuvuzi

DSRCT bivuga Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumor, ubwoko bwa kanseri bworoshye kandi bukomeye cyane busanzwe bugera ku bantu bakiri bato. Iyi kanseri idasanzwe isanzwe itera mu nda, cyane cyane muri peritoneum (igice cy'imbere cy'inda), nubwo rimwe na rimwe ishobora kugaragara mu bindi bice by'umubiri.

Nubwo DSRCT ari nke cyane, igira ingaruka ku bantu bakeye 200 ku isi buri mwaka, gusobanukirwa iyi ndwara bishobora kugufasha kumenya ibimenyetso bishoboka no kumenya igihe ukwiye gushaka ubuvuzi. Abenshi barayirwara mu gihe cy'ubwangavu n'ubuto, abagabo bakaba barwaye kurenza abagore inshuro zigera kuri 4.

DSRCT ni iki?

DSRCT ni sarcoma y'umubiri, ikaba iri mu itsinda rya kanseri zitwa small round cell tumors. Umuti w'iyi kanseri uba ufite amazina abiri y'ingenzi: uba ufite utunyangingo duto, tw'umuringa, kandi uba wakikijwe n'umubiri ukomeye witwa desmoplastic stroma.

Iyi kanseri isanzwe ikura nk'ibice byinshi mu kibuno aho kuba umuti umwe. Ibyo bice bishobora kuba bifite ubunini butandukanye kandi bikunze gukwirakwira ku mpande za peritoneum, ariyo mpamvu rimwe na rimwe bitwa "peritoneal sarcomatosis."

Icyatuma DSRCT iba idasanzwe ni imiterere yayo y'imiterere. Utunyangingo tw'iyi kanseri tugira imikorere idasanzwe y'ibice by'umubiri (chromosomal translocation) itera imikorere idasanzwe y'ibice by'umubiri, itera ukurura kw'umuti n'imikorere ikomeye.

Ibimenyetso bya DSRCT ni ibihe?

Ibimenyetso bya mbere bya DSRCT bishobora kuba bito kandi bishobora kuza gahoro gahoro mu byumweru cyangwa amezi. Abantu benshi batangira kwirengagiza ibi bimenyetso nk'ibibazo bito byo mu gifu cyangwa ibibazo bifitanye isano n'umunaniro.

Ibimenyetso bisanzwe ushobora kugira harimo:

• Kubabara mu nda cyangwa kudakorwa neza kw'inda bidashira nubwo warikorera
• Kuvimba cyangwa kubyimba mu nda bigenda bikura uko iminsi igenda ishira
• Kumva ufite umunaniro nubwo wariye bike
• Gutakaza ibiro bitasobanuwe nubwo ufite ubushake bwo kurya
• Isesemi no kuruka, cyane cyane nyuma yo kurya
• Guhinduka mu mirire, harimo kubabara mu nda cyangwa kugorana mu kwicara
• Umunaniro udashira nubwo warikorera
• Gutakaza ubushake bwo kurya

Mu bihe bikomeye, ushobora kubona igice kinini mu nda ushobora kumva ukoresheje uruhu rwawe. Bamwe mu bantu bagira ikibazo cyo guhumeka nabi niba amazi yibitse mu kibuno, ikibazo cyitwa ascites.

Ni ngombwa kwibuka ko ibi bimenyetso bishobora kubaho mu ndwara nyinshi zitandukanye, nyinshi muri zo zikaba zisanzwe kandi zidakomeye kurusha DSRCT. Ariko rero, niba ufite bimwe muri ibi bimenyetso igihe kirekire, birakwiye kubivugana n'abaganga bawe.

Intandaro ya DSRCT ni iyihe?

Intandaro nyayo ya DSRCT ntiramenyekana neza, ibyo bishobora gutera ikibazo iyo ugerageza gusobanukirwa impamvu iyi kanseri itera. Icyo tuzi ni uko DSRCT iterwa n'impinduka runaka mu miterere y'ibice by'umubiri (genetic change) iba ku mubiri.

Iyi mpinduka mu miterere y'ibice by'umubiri ijyanye no guhuza ibice by'umubiri 11 na 22, bikaba byatera gene idasanzwe yitwa EWSR1-WT1. Iyi gene itera imikorere idasanzwe y'ibice by'umubiri itera ukurura kw'utunyangingo, itera iterambere ry'utunyangingo twa kanseri.

Bitandukanye n'izindi kanseri, DSRCT isa ntiifitanye isano na:

• Indwara z'imiterere y'ibice by'umubiri cyangwa amateka y'umuryango
• Ibintu byo mu kirere cyangwa imikorere y'ubuzima
• Ubuvuzi bwakozwe mbere cyangwa imiti yo kurwanya kanseri
• Indwara ziterwa na virusi
• Ibiryo cyangwa imyitozo ngororamubiri

Ihinduka ry'imiterere y'ibice by'umubiri itera DSRCT isa naryo riba ku mubiri mu gihe cyo kugabana kw'utunyangingo. Ibyo bivuze ko kwirwara DSRCT atari ikintu cyashoboraga kwirindwa binyuze mu guhitamo cyangwa imyitwarire itandukanye.

Ni ryari ukwiye kubona muganga kubera ibimenyetso bya DSRCT?

Ukwiye gutekereza kubona muganga niba ufite ibimenyetso by'inda bikomeye bikomeza ibyumweru birenga bibiri, cyane cyane niba bigenda bikura uko iminsi igenda ishira. Nubwo ibi bimenyetso bishobora kuba biterwa n'indwara zisanzwe, buri gihe ni byiza kubipima.

Shaka ubuvuzi vuba niba ufite:

• Kubabara mu nda bikomeye, by'umubiri
• Kuvimba mu nda byihuse mu minsi aho kuba mu byumweru
• Kurukwa kukubuza kurya cyangwa kunywa
• Ibimenyetso byo kubabara mu nda, nko kudasohoka umwuka cyangwa kugira ikibazo cyo kujya ku musarani
• Gutakaza ibiro byinshi bitasobanuwe (kirenga ibiro 5 bitagambiriwe)
• Gukomeza guhumeka nabi hamwe no kubyimba mu nda

Wibuke ko umuganga wawe ariho kugufasha gusesengura ibimenyetso biteye impungenge. Bashobora gukora ibizamini bikwiye kugira ngo bamenye icyateye ibimenyetso byawe kandi baguhe gahunda y'ubuvuzi ikwiye.

Ibyago bya DSRCT ni ibihe?

DSRCT ifite ibintu bike cyane by'ibyago byamenyekanye, ibyo bikaba bishimishije kandi bigatangaza abashakashatsi mu by'ubuvuzi. Iyi kanseri isa niterwa ku mubiri aho kuba ifitanye isano n'ibintu by'ibyago bishobora kugenzurwa.

Ibintu by'ibyago by'ingenzi byamenyekanye harimo:

• Imyaka: Abenshi barayirwara bafite hagati y'imyaka 10 na 30, ikaba igaragara cyane mu myaka ya nyuma y'ubwangavu n'imyaka ya mbere y'ubuto
• Igitsina: Abagabo barwaye kurenza abagore inshuro zigera kuri 4
• Nta miterere y'umuryango izwi: DSRCT isa ntidakwirakwira mu muryango

Bitandukanye n'izindi kanseri nyinshi, DSRCT ntifitanye isano no kunywa itabi, kunywa inzoga, ibiryo, imyitozo ngororamubiri, ibintu byo mu kazi, cyangwa ubuvuzi bwakozwe mbere. Ibyo bishobora gutera ihumure, kuko bivuze ko nta kintu ushobora kuba warakoze kugira ngo ubikureho.

Ubuke bw'iyi kanseri binasobanura ko n'abantu bari mu matsinda afite ibyago byinshi (abagabo bakiri bato) bafite amahirwe make cyane yo kwirwara DSRCT. Ibyago muri rusange biguma munsi ya 1 kuri miliyoni imwe y'abantu buri mwaka.

Ingaruka zishoboka za DSRCT ni izihe?

DSRCT ishobora gutera ingaruka nyinshi, ahanini kubera uko ikura kandi ikwirakwira mu kibuno. Gusobanukirwa izi ngaruka zishoboka bishobora kugufasha kumenya igihe ibimenyetso bishobora kuba bikomeye.

Ingaruka zisanzwe harimo:

• Kubabara mu nda: Umuti ushobora kubuza amara gukora neza
• Ascites: Amazi yibitse mu kibuno itera kubyimba no kubabara
• Imvura mibi: Kubera ubushake buke bwo kurya, isesemi, no kugorana mu kurya
• Ibibazo by'amaraso: Kanseri ishobora kongera ibyago byo kugira ibibazo by'amaraso mu mitsi y'amaraso
• Ibibazo by'impyiko: Niba umuti ukomesha cyangwa winjira mu mikorere y'inkari

Mu bihe bikomeye, DSRCT ishobora gukwirakwira mu kibuno kugera ku bindi bice by'umubiri, cyane cyane umwijima, ibihaha, cyangwa lymph nodes. Ariko, ubwo bwo gukwirakwira kure ntibugenda kenshi nk'ubwo gukwirakwira hafi mu kibuno.

Ni ngombwa kumenya ko ubuvuzi bujyanye n'ubuzima bushobora gufasha gucunga izi ngaruka, gufasha kugumana ubuzima bwiza mu gihe cy'ubuvuzi. Ikipe yawe y'abaganga izakurikirana ibyo bibazo kandi izabikemura vuba niba byabayeho.

DSRCT ipima ite?

Kumenya DSRCT bisanzwe bikubiyemo intambwe nyinshi, kuko abaganga bagomba kubanza gukuraho indwara zisanzwe. Uburyo busanzwe butangira n'amateka yawe y'ubuzima n'isuzuma ry'umubiri w'inda.

Umuganga wawe ashobora gutegeka ibizamini byo kubona ishusho kugira ngo abone neza icyabaye mu nda yawe. CT scan y'inda n'igice cyo hasi cy'umubiri niyo isuzuma rya mbere ry'ishusho rikora, kuko ishobora kwerekana ubunini, aho iherereye, n'umubare w'ibice biriho.

Ibizamini byongeyeho bishobora kuba:

• MRI scans kugira ngo habeho ishusho ihamye y'umubiri
• PET scans kugira ngo harebwe imikorere ya kanseri mu mubiri wose
• Ibizamini by'amaraso kugira ngo harebwe ubuzima bwawe muri rusange n'imikorere y'imigongo
• Ibisobanuro by'umuti, nubwo bitari byihariye kuri DSRCT

Kumenya neza bisaba biopsy, aho igice gito cy'umubiri gikurwaho kandi kigenzurwa kuri microscope. Umuganga azareba utunyangingo duto tw'umuringa kandi azakora ibizamini byihariye kugira ngo yemeze gene EWSR1-WT1 itera DSRCT.

Ubu buryo bwo gupima bushobora gufata iminsi cyangwa ibyumweru, ibyo bishobora gutera ubwoba. Wibuke ko ubu buryo buhamye bugaragaza ko ubonye ibizamini byiza bishoboka, ibyo bikaba ari ngombwa mu gutegura uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura.

Ubuvuzi bwa DSRCT ni buhe?

Ubuvuzi bwa DSRCT busanzwe bukubiyemo uburyo bwinshi buhuza ubwoko butandukanye bw'ubuvuzi. Intego ni uguteza umuti uko bishoboka kose no kugenzura indwara igihe kirekire.

Uburyo busanzwe bw'ubuvuzi busanzwe bukubiyemo:

1. Chemotherapy: Ubuvuzi bwinshi bw'imiti ikomeye yo kurwanya kanseri itangwa mu mezi menshi
2. Ubuvuzi: Gukuraho umuti uko bishoboka kose, akenshi bihujwe no gukoresha chemotherapy mu kibuno
3. Radiotherapy: Imisumari y'ingufu nyinshi igana ku mitsi ya kanseri isigaye

Igihe cyo gukoresha chemotherapy gisanzwe kiza mbere kandi gishobora kumara amezi 4-6. Imiti isanzwe ikoreshwa harimo ifosfamide, carboplatin, etoposide, na doxorubicin. Iyi miti ikora binyuze mu kugaba ku mitsi ya kanseri ikura vuba.

Ubuvuzi, iyo bishoboka, bukubiyemo uburyo bwitwa cytoreductive surgery hamwe na hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC). Ibyo bikubiyemo gukuraho imiti igaragara hanyuma gukaraba mu kibuno hakoreshejwe imiti ya chemotherapy ishyushye.

Mu gihe cy'ubuvuzi, ikipe yawe y'abaganga izaharanira ubuvuzi bwo gufasha kugira ngo ifashe gucunga ingaruka mbi no kugumana imbaraga zawe n'ubuzima bwiza. Ibyo bishobora kuba harimo imiti yo kurwanya isesemi, ubufasha mu mirire, n'ubuvuzi bwo kwirinda indwara.

Uko ushobora gucunga ibimenyetso iwawe mu gihe cy'ubuvuzi bwa DSRCT

Gucagura ibimenyetso iwawe bishobora kugufasha kumva wishimye kandi ukagumana imbaraga zawe mu gihe cy'ubuvuzi. Impinduka nto za buri munsi zishobora gutera itandukaniro rikomeye mu buryo wumva muri rusange.

Kubimenyetso byo mu gifu, kurya ibiryo bike, byinshi kenshi bikora kurusha kugerageza kurya ibiryo byinshi. Fata ibiryo biroroshye kurya kandi bikukurura, nubwo ibiryo usanzwe ukunda bitakukurura ubu.

Kugira ngo ugenzure umunaniro:

• Ikorera igihe ukeneye, ariko gerageza kuguma ukora gahoro gahoro iyo bishoboka
• Genda ingendo ngufi cyangwa ukore imyitozo myoroheje uko bishoboka
• Kuguma ufite gahunda yo kuryama iyo bishoboka
• Sabe umuryango wawe n'inshuti kugira ngo bagufashe mu mirimo ya buri munsi

Kubera isesemi n'ibibazo byo kurya, gerageza kurya ibiryo bito nk'ibisuguti, umugati, cyangwa umuceri. Icyayi cya ginger cyangwa ibintu bya ginger bishobora gufasha isesemi. Komeza unywe amazi menshi ukoresheje amazi make mu gihe cyose cy'umunsi.

Komeza ukure ibimenyetso byawe n'ingaruka mbi kugira ngo ubisobanurire ikipe yawe y'abaganga. Bakenshi bashobora guhindura imiti cyangwa gutanga ubuvuzi bwo gufasha kugira ngo wumve wishimye.

Uko wakwitegura igihe ugiye kwa muganga

Kwitegura igihe ugiye kwa muganga bishobora kugufasha gukoresha neza igihe cyawe n'ikipe yawe y'abaganga kandi bikaguha amahirwe yo kubona ibisubizo byose by'ibibazo byawe. Kwitegura gato bigira uruhare rukomeye mu kugufasha kumva ufite ubushobozi bwo kwita ku buzima bwawe.

Mbere y'ubuhamya bwa buri gihe, andika ibimenyetso byawe by'ubu, harimo igihe byatangiye n'uko byahindutse. Bandika ibimenyetso bishya cyangwa ingaruka mbi ufite mu buvuzi.

Tegura urutonde rw'ibibazo ushaka kubaza:

• Ibisubizo by'ibizamini byanjye biheruka ni ibihe?
• Ubuvuzi bwanjye bukora gute?
• Ni iyihe ngaruka mbi nkwiye kwitondera?
• Hariho uburyo bwo gucunga ibimenyetso byanjye neza?
• Ubuvuzi bwanjye buzakorwa ryari?

Zana urutonde rwuzuye rw'imiti yose ufata, harimo imiti yo mu maduka n'ibindi. Tekereza kuzana umuntu wo mu muryango wawe cyangwa inshuti kugira ngo aguhe inkunga mu gihe cy'ikiganiro.

Ntukabe ikibazo cyo gusaba ibisobanuro niba utumva ikintu. Ikipe yawe y'abaganga ishaka ko usobanukiwe neza uburwayi bwawe na gahunda y'ubuvuzi.

Icyingenzi kuri DSRCT

DSRCT ni kanseri nke ariko ikomeye cyane isanzwe igira ingaruka ku bantu bakiri bato. Nubwo kumenya iyi ndwara bishobora gutera ubwoba, iterambere mu buvuzi ryateje imbaraga mu myaka ya vuba.

Ikintu cy'ingenzi cyo kwibuka ni uko nturi wenyine muri uru rugendo. Ikipe yawe y'abaganga ifite ubunararibonye mu kuvura iyi kanseri nke kandi izakorana nawe kugira ngo itegure gahunda y'ubuvuzi ikwiye ku kibazo cyawe.

Kumenya ibimenyetso hakiri kare no gushaka ubuvuzi vuba bishobora kugira uruhare mu kuvura. Niba ufite ibimenyetso by'inda bikomeye, cyane cyane niba uri umuntu muto, ntutinye kubivugana n'umuganga wawe.

Wibuke ko kugira ibimenyetso biteye impungenge bidakubwira ko ufite DSRCT. Iyi kanseri ni nke cyane, kandi ibimenyetso byawe bishobora kuba biterwa n'indwara isanzwe, ishobora kuvurwa. Ariko rero, gupimwa biguha amahoro kandi bigatuma uhabwa ubuvuzi bukwiye uko icyateye ikibazo cyaba kiri cyose.

Ibibazo byakajya bibazwa kuri DSRCT

DSRCT yaba ikwirakwira mu muryango?

Oya, DSRCT ntikwirakwira mu muryango. Impinduka mu miterere y'ibice by'umubiri itera iyi kanseri isa niterwa ku mubiri mu gihe cyo kugabana kw'utunyangingo. Kugira umuntu wo mu muryango wawe ufite DSRCT ntikongera ibyago byo kuyirwara.

DSRCT ni nke gute koko?

DSRCT ni nke cyane, abantu bakeye 200 barayirwara ku isi buri mwaka. Kugira ngo tubisobanure, bishoboka ko wakubitwa n'umurabyo kurusha kwirwara DSRCT. Ubu buke niyo mpamvu ishobora gutera ikibazo mu kuyimenya hakiri kare.

DSRCT ishobora gukira?

Nubwo DSRCT ari kanseri ikomeye, bamwe mu barwayi bagera ku buzima bwiza binyuze mu buvuzi bukomeye. Guhuza chemotherapy, ubuvuzi, na radiotherapy byafashije bamwe mu bantu kubaho batarwaye kanseri imyaka myinshi. Imyanzuro y'ubuvuzi ikomeza gutera imbere uko abaganga bamenya byinshi kuri iyi kanseri nke.

Ni ikihe kigero gisanzwe DSRCT imenyekanaho?

Abantu benshi barwaye DSRCT bamenyekana bafite hagati y'imyaka 10 na 30, abenshi barwaye bafite imyaka ya nyuma y'ubwangavu n'imyaka ya mbere y'ubuto. Ariko rero, haravugwa abana bakiri bato bafite imyaka 5 n'abakuze bafite imyaka 50, nubwo ibyo bitaba kenshi.

Ubuvuzi bwa DSRCT busanzwe buramara igihe kingana iki?

Uburyo bwuzuye bw'ubuvuzi busanzwe buramara amezi 12-18, nubwo ibyo bishobora guhinduka bitewe n'imiterere y'umuntu. Ibyo bikubiyemo amezi menshi ya chemotherapy, hanyuma ubuvuzi (iyo bishoboka), hanyuma chemotherapy cyangwa radiotherapy. Ikipe yawe y'abaganga izakugira inama y'igihe cyihariye bitewe na gahunda y'ubuvuzi.