Ese ni iki E. coli? Ibimenyetso, Intandaro, n'Ubuvuzi

E. coli ni ubwoko bwa bagiteri butuye mu mara yawe kandi bugufasha mu gushobora ibyo kurya. Ubwoko bwinshi nta cyo bubangamira ahubwo burunguka ubuzima bwawe.

Ariko kandi, amwe mu moko ashobora kugutera indwara iyo yanduye ibiryo cyangwa amazi. Ayo moko mabi ashobora gutera ikintu cyose kuva ku guhindagurika gukomeye mu nda kugeza ku ndwara zikomeye, ariko ubufasha bukwiye, abantu benshi barakira mu gihe cy'icyumweru kimwe.

Ese ni iki E. coli?

Escherichia coli, cyangwa E. coli mu magambo make, ni umuryango mugari wa bagiteri ufite amagana y'amoko atandukanye. Tekereza kuri yo nk'umuryango munini aho abenshi ari inshuti, ariko bake bashobora gutera ibibazo.

Ubwoko bufasha butura amahoro mu mura wawe munini kandi burushaho gushyigikira ubudahangarwa bwawe. Bamaze imyaka ibihumbi ari abafatanyabikorwa bacu mu buryo bw'umubiri mu nzira yacu yo kugaya ibiryo.

Ubwoko butera ibibazo ni ubwo butakwiriye kuba mu mubiri wawe. Iyo byinjira binyuze mu biryo cyangwa amazi yanduye, ubudahangarwa bwawe bubumenya nk'abanyamahanga kandi bukarwanya, ibyo bikaba ari byo bituma ubona ibimenyetso bibi.

Ibimenyetso bya E. coli ni ibihe?

Imyanda myinshi ya E. coli itangira mu nda ikubita n'uburwaye bw'ibihagaze bishobora kuba bito cyangwa bikomeye. Ibi bimenyetso bigaragara mu minsi 1 kugeza kuri 10 nyuma yo kwandura, abantu benshi bakaba barwaye mu minsi 3 kugeza kuri 4.

Dore ibimenyetso bisanzwe ushobora kubona:

• Inda ikubita cyane bishobora kubabaza cyane
• Uburwaye bw'ibihagaze bushobora kuba amaraso
• Isesemi no kuruka rimwe na rimwe
• Ubushyuhe buke (busanzwe munsi ya 101°F)
• Kubura ubushake bwo kurya
• Uburwayi n'intege nke rusange

Amaraso mu bihagaze ashobora kuba atangaje, ariko mu by'ukuri ni uburyo umubiri wawe uvanaho bagiteri mbi. Abantu benshi batangira kumva neza mu minsi 5 kugeza kuri 7 ubudahangarwa bwabo butsinze urugamba.

Ubwoko bwa E. coli ni ubuhe?

Hari ubwoko butandukanye bwa E. coli bushobora gutera indwara, buri bwoko bufite ibimenyetso n'uburemere bito bitandukanye. Gusobanukirwa ibi bishobora kugufasha kumenya icyo witeze.

Ubwoko busanzwe harimo:

• STEC (Shiga toxin-producing E. coli): Ubwoko bukomeye cyane, harimo ubwoko bwa O157:H7 buzwi cyane bushobora gutera uburwaye bw'ibihagaze bufite amaraso
• ETEC (Enterotoxigenic E. coli): Akenshi bitwa "uburwaye bw'abagenzi" kuko busanzwe mu bihugu bikiri mu nzira y'amajyambere
• EPEC (Enteropathogenic E. coli): Busanzwe mu bana bato n'abana bato
• EIEC (Enteroinvasive E. coli): Bituma ibimenyetso bisa n'ibyo kurwara ibiryo

Ubwoko bwa STEC ni ubwo butuma amakuru akwirakwira kuko rimwe na rimwe bishobora gutera ibibazo bikomeye. Ariko kandi, nubwo ari ubwo bwoko, abantu bakuze bakize barakira batagize ibibazo birambye.

Ese ni iki gituma wandura E. coli?

Imyanda ya E. coli ibaho iyo ubwoko bubi bwinjira mu buryo bwawe bw'igogorwa binyuze mu biryo, amazi, cyangwa guhura n'abantu cyangwa inyamaswa banduye. Bagiteri zikwirakwira vuba mu bihe bishyushye, niyo mpamvu umutekano w'ibiryo ari ingenzi cyane.

Uburyo busanzwe abantu banduramo harimo:

• Kurya inyama z'inka zitetse nabi cyangwa hambagara
• Kurya ibinyamisogwe bitatetse cyangwa imitobe
• Kurya imboga mbisi zitatemwe neza (cyane cyane letus, epinari, na sprouts)
• Kunwa amazi yanduye ava mu byobo, ibiyaga, cyangwa piscine
• Guhura n'amatungo cyangwa parike z'amatungo adafite isuku ikwiye
• Kwandura hagati y'abantu kubera kudakoresha isuku ikwiye

Inama z'inka zifite ibyago byihariye kuko gukata bishobora gukwirakwiza bagiteri kuva ku ruhu kugeza ku nyama. Niyo mpamvu guteka hambagara kugeza kuri 160°F ari ingenzi cyane ku mutekano wawe.

Ni ryari ukwiye kubona muganga kubera indwara ya E. coli?

Imyanda myinshi ya E. coli ikira yonyine uburuhukiro n'amazi ahagije. Ariko kandi, ugomba kuvugana na muganga wawe niba ibimenyetso byawe bikomeye cyangwa ukabona ibimenyetso byo gucika amazi.

Shaka ubufasha bw'abaganga niba ufite:

• Kurukira kenshi bidakubuza kunywa amazi
• Ibimenyetso byo gucika amazi nko guhindagurika, akanwa kabyimbye, cyangwa kunyara gake cyangwa nta kunyara
• Ubushyuhe burenze 101.5°F
• Kubabara cyane mu nda
• Amaraso mu bihagaze
• Ibimenyetso bikomeza iminsi irenga icyumweru

Hamagara 911 cyangwa ujya mu bitaro byihuse niba ugira ikibazo cyo guhumeka, intege nke zikomeye, cyangwa ibimenyetso by'ibibazo by'impyiko nko kugabanuka cyane kunyara cyangwa kubyimbagira mu maso cyangwa mu maguru.

Ibyago byo kwandura E. coli ni ibihe?

Umuntu wese ashobora kwandura E. coli, ariko ibintu bimwe bishobora kongera amahirwe yo kurwara cyangwa kugira ibimenyetso bikomeye. Gusobanukirwa ibyo byago bishobora kugufasha gufata ingamba z'umutekano ukeneye.

Ushobora kuba ufite ibyago byinshi niba:

• Uri muto cyane (munsi y'imyaka 5) cyangwa mukuru (irenga 65)
• Ufite ubudahangarwa buke kubera indwara cyangwa imiti
• Unywa imiti igabanya aside mu gifu
• Ufite indwara z'impyiko zidakira cyangwa izindi ndwara zirambye
• Utuye cyangwa usura ahantu hadafite isuku
• Ukorana n'amatungo cyangwa mu gukora ibiryo

Abana bato n'abakuze bafite ibyago byinshi kuko ubudahangarwa bwabo bushobora kudarwanya iyo myanda neza. Niba uri mu kiciro gifite ibyago byinshi, kwitondera cyane umutekano w'ibiryo bihinduka ikintu gikomeye.

Ibibazo bishoboka byo kwandura E. coli ni ibihe?

Nubwo imyanda myinshi ya E. coli ikira idasize ibibazo, bimwe mu bihe bishobora gutera ibibazo bikomeye. Ibyo ni bito, ariko ni byiza kumenya ibimenyetso byo kwitondera.

Ikibazo gikomeye cyane ni hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), igira ingaruka ku mpyiko n'amaraso. Ibi bibaho hafi 5-10% by'abantu banduye ubwoko bwa STEC, cyane cyane mu bana bari munsi y'imyaka 5 n'abakuze barenga 65.

Ibindi bibazo bishoboka harimo:

• Gucika amazi bikomeye: Kubera uburwaye bw'ibihagaze buhoraho no kuruka
• Gucika intege z'impyiko: Akenshi biba by'agateganyo ariko bishobora gusaba dialysis
• Ibibazo byo gukomera kw'amaraso: Igice cya HUS kigira ingaruka ku mimerere y'amaraso
• Ibibazo by'imitsi: Ibibazo bito bigira ingaruka ku bwonko
• Indwara z'impyiko zirambye: Ingaruka zirambye nke cyane

Inkuru nziza ni uko ubufasha bw'abaganga bukwiye, ibyo bibazo bishobora guhangana neza. Kumenya hakiri kare no kuvura byongera cyane ibyiza ku bantu bagize ibibazo.

Ese indwara ya E. coli ishobora kwirindwa gute?

Kwiringira indwara ya E. coli biterwa no gukoresha umutekano w'ibiryo n'isuku nziza. Ibyo bintu byoroshye bishobora kugabanya cyane ibyago byo kurwara.

Kora izi ngamba z'ingenzi zo kwirinda:

• Teka inyama z'inka kugeza kuri 160°F kandi ukoreshe thermometer yo gupima inyama kugirango ugenzure
• Komesha intoki zawe neza n'isabune mu gihe cy'amasegonda nibura 20, cyane cyane nyuma yo kujya mu bwiherero no mbere yo kurya
• Komesha imbuto n'imboga zose munsi y'amazi mbere yo kurya
• Kwirinda ibinyamisogwe bitatetse, imitobe, na cider
• Ntugamye amazi mugihe urimo koga mu biyaga, piscine, cyangwa ibiyaga
• Gabanya inyama mbisi n'ibindi biryo mugihe ubikora
• Komesha ibikoresho byo gutekesha n'amazi ashyushye n'isabune nyuma yo guhura n'inyama mbisi

Iyo usura amafarasi cyangwa parike z'amatungo, kumesha intoki zawe ako kanya nyuma yo guhura n'amatungo. Ahenshi ubu batanga isabune y'intoki, ariko isabune n'amazi bikora neza iyo biboneka.

Ese indwara ya E. coli imenyekanwa gute?

Muganga wawe azamenya indwara ya E. coli ashingiye ku bimenyetso byawe n'icyitegererezo cy'ibihagaze. Uburyo ni bworoheje kandi bufasha kumenya ubwoko bwa bagiteri butera indwara.

Uburyo bwo gupima busanzwe burimo:

1. Ibiganiro ku mateka y'ubuzima bwawe ku bimenyetso byawe n'ibiryo uheruka kurya
2. Isuzuma ry'umubiri kugirango ugenzure gucika amazi no kubabara mu nda
3. Gukusanya icyitegererezo cy'ibihagaze kugirango bipimwe
4. Ibizamini by'amaraso niba hari ibibazo bikekwa

Ibisubizo byo gupima bisanzwe bifata iminsi 1-3 kugirango bigaruke. Ubuvuzi bw'ibihagaze bushobora kumenya ubwoko bwa E. coli, ibyo bigafasha muganga wawe kumenya uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura niba ukeneye gukurikiranwa hafi.

Ubuvuzi bw'indwara ya E. coli ni ubuhe?

Ubuvuzi bw'indwara ya E. coli bugamije gushyigikira umubiri wawe mugihe urwanya bagiteri mu buryo bw'umwimerere. Abantu benshi barakira neza uburuhukiro, amazi, n'igihe.

Muganga wawe ashobora kugutegurira:

• Gusubiza amazi: Kunywa amazi ahagije, amasupu meza, cyangwa amazi afite imyunyu y'amashanyarazi
• Uburuhukiro: Guha umubiri wawe imbaraga zo kurwanya iyo myanda
• Guhindura indyo buhoro buhoro: Gutangira ibiryo byoroshye uko wumva umeze neza
• Gukurikirana ibimenyetso: Kwitondera ibimenyetso by'ibibazo

Icy'ingenzi, imiti ya antibiyotike ntisanzwe itegurwa kubera indwara ya E. coli. Bishobora kongera ibyago by'ibibazo bituma bagiteri zisohora uburozi bwinshi uko zipfa.

Imiti igabanya uburwaye bw'ibihagaze nayo ntisanzwe ikoreshwa kuko ishobora kugabanya uburyo bw'umubiri wawe bwo gukuraho bagiteri mbi. Muganga wawe azakuyobora igihe bishobora kuba bikwiye.

Uko wakwitwara mu rugo mugihe ufite indwara ya E. coli

Kwita ku buzima bwawe mu rugo mugihe ufite indwara ya E. coli bisobanura kuguma ufite amazi ahagije, kuruhuka, no kurya ibiryo bikwiye uko ubushake bwawe bugaruka. Abantu benshi bashobora guhangana n'ibimenyetso byabo neza hifashishijwe ibyo bintu byoroshye.

Fata izi ngamba zo kwita ku buzima bwawe mu rugo:

• Nyunwa amazi make, kenshi, amasupu meza, cyangwa ibinyobwa bifite imyunyu y'amashanyarazi
• Ruhukira uko bishoboka kose kugirango ufashe ubudahangarwa bwawe gukora
• Kurya ibiryo byoroshye nka tosi, umuceri, cyangwa inanas igihe wumva utekanye
• Kwirinda ibinyamisogwe, kafe, inzoga, n'ibiryo bifuye kugeza umeze neza
• Koresha ubushyuhe buke ku nda ikubita
• Komeza ukure ibimenyetso byawe n'amazi unywa

Witondere ibimenyetso byo kwitondera nko kurukira kenshi, gucika amazi bikomeye, cyangwa ibimenyetso bikomeye. Izera impungenge zawe - niba hari ikintu kibabaza cyane, ntutinye kuvugana na muganga wawe.

Uko wakwitegura gusura muganga wawe

Kwitunganya gusura muganga wawe bishobora gufasha guhamya ko ubonye ubufasha bwiza kandi ibibazo byawe byose bisubizwa. Kugira amakuru akwiye biteguye bigabanya igihe kandi bifasha muganga wawe gukora isuzuma ryiza.

Mbere yo kujya kwa muganga, kora ibi bikurikira:

• Igihe ibimenyetso byatangiye n'uko byahindutse
• Urutonde rw'ibiryo waraye uriye mu cyumweru mbere yo kurwara
• Amakuru yerekeye ingendo uheruka gukora cyangwa guhura n'amatungo
• Imiti ukoresha ubu n'ibintu ufite allergie
• Ibibazo ku gihe cyo gukira n'igihe cyo gusubira ku kazi cyangwa ku ishuri
• Abagize umuryango cyangwa abantu bahuje ibimenyetso

Zana icyitegererezo cy'ibihagaze niba muganga wawe abisabye, kandi ntukarya cyangwa ntunywe imiti ishobora kubangamira isuzuma keretse muganga wawe abivuze.

Icyingenzi cyo kumenya ku myanda ya E. coli

Imyanda ya E. coli isanzwe ari indwara ishobora guhangana neza ikikira yonyine ubufasha bukwiye n'ubwitonzi. Nubwo ibimenyetso bishobora kuba bibi, abantu bakize barakira neza mu gihe cy'icyumweru kimwe.

Ibintu by'ingenzi byo kwibuka ni ugukoresha umutekano w'ibiryo, kuguma ufite amazi ahagije mugihe urwaye, no kumenya igihe cyo gushaka ubufasha bw'abaganga. Inzira zoroheje zo kwirinda nko guteka inyama neza no kumesha intoki zawe buri gihe bishobora kwirinda imyanda myinshi.

Niba urwaye, gira umwanya wo gukira kandi ntutinye kuvugana na muganga wawe niba uhangayikishijwe n'ibimenyetso byawe. Ubufasha bukwiye n'ubwitonzi, urashobora kwitega kumva umeze neza vuba.

Ibibazo byakenshi bibazwa ku myanda ya E. coli

Ese indwara ya E. coli ishobora kwandura hagati y'abantu?

Yego, E. coli ishobora kwandura hagati y'abantu, cyane cyane kubera kudakoresha isuku ikwiye. Bagiteri zishobora kwandura hagati y'abantu binyuze mu ntoki zanduye, cyane cyane nyuma yo kujya mu bwiherero. Niyo mpamvu kumesha intoki neza n'isabune n'amazi mu gihe cy'amasegonda nibura 20 ari ingenzi cyane. Abagize umuryango n'abarera bagomba kwitondera cyane isuku iyo umuntu wo mu rugo arwaye.

Ese indwara ya E. coli imara igihe kingana iki?

Imyanda myinshi ya E. coli imara iminsi 5 kugeza kuri 7 kuva ibimenyetso bitangiye. Uzasanzwe utangira kumva umeze neza ku munsi wa 3 cyangwa wa 4, ibimenyetso bikagenda bigabanuka buri munsi. Ariko kandi, bishobora gufata iminsi 10 kugirango wumve umeze neza rwose. Bamwe mu bantu bumva bananiwe iminsi mike nyuma y'uko ibindi bimenyetso bikize, ibyo ni ibisanzwe uko umubiri wawe ukura.

Ese ni byiza gufata imiti yo mu maduka kubera ibimenyetso bya E. coli?

Ni byiza kwirinda imiti igabanya uburwaye bw'ibihagaze nka loperamide (Imodium) mugihe ufite indwara ya E. coli kuko ishobora kugabanya uburyo bw'umubiri wawe bwo gukuraho bagiteri mbi. Kubushyuhe n'ububabare bw'umubiri, acetaminophen cyangwa ibuprofen ni byiza ku bantu benshi. Ariko kandi, buri gihe ubanze ubaze muganga wawe mbere yo gufata imiti iyo ari yo yose, cyane cyane niba ufite ibibazo by'ubuzima cyangwa ukoresha imiti yandi.

Ese ni ryari nasubira ku kazi cyangwa ku ishuri nyuma yo kurwara E. coli?

Ushobora gusubira ku kazi cyangwa ku ishuri igihe umaze iminsi nibura 24 nta bimenyetso kandi wumva ufite imbaraga zo gukora ibikorwa bisanzwe. Niba ukora mu gutegura ibiryo, kuvura, cyangwa kwita ku bana, umukoresha wawe ashobora gusaba ko ukoze isuzuma ry'ibihagaze mbere yo gusubira ku kazi. Abana bagomba kuguma mu rugo kugeza igihe batagira uburwaye bw'ibihagaze mu gihe cy'amasaha 24 kugirango birinde kwanduza bagenzi babo.

Ese nashobora kwandura E. coli incuro nyinshi?

Yego, ushobora kwandura E. coli incuro nyinshi kuko hari ubwoko butandukanye bwa bagiteri. Kugira indwara imwe ntibikurinda kurwara ubwoko butandukanye mu gihe kizaza. Niyo mpamvu gukomeza gukoresha umutekano w'ibiryo n'isuku nziza bikomeza kuba ingenzi mu buzima bwawe, na nyuma yo gukira indwara ya E. coli.