Uburwayi bw'amatwi: Ibimenyetso, Intandaro, n'Ubuvuzi

Uburwayi bw'amatwi buva mu mikobwa cyangwa virusi zitera kubyimba mu bice by'amatwi yawe. Iki kibazo gikunze kugaragara gikwirakwira mu bantu benshi buri mwaka, cyane cyane abana, kandi nubwo bishobora kuba bibi, uburwayi bwinshi bw'amatwi bukira ubwa bwo cyangwa bugasubizwa neza n'ubuvuzi.

Amatwi yawe afite ibice bitatu by'ingenzi, kandi uburwayi bushobora kuba muri ibyo bice byose. Inkuru nziza ni uko, ukoresheje ubuvuzi bukwiye, rimwe na rimwe ubuvuzi bwa muganga, ushobora kubona ubuvuzi bw'ububabare kandi ukagaruka kumva umeze neza.

Uburwayi bw'amatwi ni iki?

Uburwayi bw'amatwi buva igihe mikorobe nka bagiteri cyangwa virusi zinjira mu matwi yawe zikatera kubyimba. Tekereza ko ari nk'ubwirinzi bw'umubiri wawe bukora cyane kugira ngo burwanye abashyitsi badakenewe ahantu hasanzwe hatunganyije kandi harinzwe.

Uburwayi bwinshi bw'amatwi buva mu gutwi rwagati, ruherereye inyuma y'uruhu rw'amatwi. Aka gace karimo amagufwa mato afasha kumva, kandi iyo yanduye, amazi ashobora kubyimba akagira igitutu gitera ububabare.

Nubwo uburwayi bw'amatwi bukunze kugaragara mu bana bato n'abana, n'abakuze barabona. Imiterere y'amatwi y'abana ibaha ubushishozi buke, ariko umuntu wese ashobora kurwara uburwayi bw'amatwi mu gihe gikwiye.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'uburwayi bw'amatwi?

Hari ubwoko butatu nyamukuru bw'uburwayi bw'amatwi, buri bwoko bugira ingaruka ku gice kitandukanye cy'amatwi yawe. Gusobanukirwa ubwoko waba ufite bishobora kugufasha kumenya icyo witeze kandi uko witwara.

Uburwayi bw'amatwi yo hanze bugira ingaruka ku muyoboro w'amatwi ugana hanze y'amatwi yawe kugeza ku ruhu rw'amatwi. Akenshi bita “uburwayi bw'amatwi bw'abakunda koga”, ubu bwoko busanzwe buva igihe amazi afunze mu muyoboro w'amatwi, akagira ibidukikije by'ubushuhe aho bagiteri zishobora gukura.

Uburwayi bw'amatwi yo hagati ni bwo bwoko busanzwe, cyane cyane mu bana. Buva inyuma y'uruhu rw'amatwi aho amagufwa mato yo kumva aba. Ibi bwandu bikunze gukurikira ibicurane cyangwa indwara z'ubuhumekero igihe mikorobe zivuye mu mazuru no mu muhogo zerekeza mu matwi.

Uburwayi bw'amatwi yo imbere ni buke ariko bushobora kuba bukomeye. Bugira ingaruka ku gice cyimbere cy'amatwi yawe, gifasha kugenzura kumva no kubona umubiri. Ibi bwandu rimwe na rimwe bishobora gutera gucika intege cyangwa ibibazo byo kumva bikeneye ubuvuzi bwihuse.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'uburwayi bw'amatwi?

Ibimenyetso by'uburwayi bw'amatwi bishobora kuva ku gucika intege gake kugeza kububabare bukomeye, kandi bikunze gutera vuba mu munsi umwe cyangwa ibiri. Kumenya ibi bimenyetso hakiri kare bishobora kugufasha kubona ubuvuzi ukeneye kandi ugatangira kumva umeze neza vuba.

Ibimenyetso bisanzwe ushobora kugira birimo:

• Ububabare bukabije, buhoraho, cyangwa bubabaza mu matwi yawe
• Kumva nk'aho amatwi yawe yuzuye cyangwa afunze
• Kugira ibibazo byo kumva neza cyangwa kumva amajwi y'amajwi
• Amazi ava mu matwi yawe
• Inkorora, cyane cyane mu bana
• Kubabara umutwe cyangwa kumva utameze neza
• Gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kubona umubiri cyangwa gucika intege
• Kugira umujinya cyangwa kugira ibibazo byo kuryama

Mu bana bato n'abana bato, ushobora kubona ibimenyetso byiyongereye nko kurira cyane, gukurura cyangwa gukorakora amatwi, cyangwa kugira ibibazo byo konsa. Aba bana bato ntibashobora kukubwira icyabababaza, bityo bagaragaza ububabare bwabo mu bundi buryo.

Nubwo ari bike, bamwe mu bantu bagira ibimenyetso bidasanzwe nko gutakaza kumva kw'igihe gito, intege nke z'umubiri, cyangwa gucika intege cyane. Ibi bimenyetso bikeneye ubuvuzi bwihuse kuko bishobora kugaragaza ubwandu bukomeye cyangwa ingaruka.

Ni iki gitera uburwayi bw'amatwi?

Uburwayi bw'amatwi busanzwe butangira igihe bagiteri cyangwa virusi zinjira mu matwi yawe zikaba nyinshi. Akenshi, izi mikorobe zivuye mu bindi bice by'ubuhumekero, nko mu mazuru cyangwa mu muhogo, cyane cyane iyo usanzwe ufite ibicurane cyangwa allergie.

Ibintu byinshi bishobora korohereza ubwandu gufata:

• Ibicurane biherutse kubaho, grippe, cyangwa indwara z'ubuhumekero
• Allergie ziterwa no gufunga umunwa
• Amazi afunze mu matwi yawe nyuma yo koga cyangwa koga
• Ibiso cyangwa ibikomere mu muyoboro w'amatwi
• Ibisigazwa byinshi by'ibitonyanga by'amatwi
• Itabi cyangwa guhumeka itabi
• Guhinduka kw'umuvuduko w'ikirere kuva mu ndege cyangwa mu koga
• Gukoresha ibikoresho byo gusukura amatwi cyangwa ibindi bintu byo gusukura amatwi

Abana barwara uburwayi bw'amatwi kenshi kuko imiyoboro yabo ya Eustachian ari migufi kandi iri hejuru kurusha iy'abakuze. Iyi miyoboro ifasha gukura amazi mu gutwi rwagati, ariko iyo idakora neza, amazi ashobora gufungwa agakomera.

Rimwe na rimwe uburwayi bw'amatwi buva nta ntandaro isobanutse. Ubwirinde bw'umubiri wawe busanzwe burakomera amatwi yawe, ariko rimwe na rimwe mikorobe zishobora kurenga ubu bwiringiro, cyane cyane iyo udashoboye cyangwa uhangayitse.

Ni ryari ukwiye kubona muganga kubera uburwayi bw'amatwi?

Ukwiye kuvugana na muganga wawe niba ububabare bw'amatwi bukomeye cyangwa buramara iminsi irenga umwe cyangwa ibiri. Nubwo uburwayi bwinshi bw'amatwi bukira ubwa bwo, bumwe bukeneye ubuvuzi bwa muganga kugira ngo hirindwe ingaruka kandi bigufashe kumva umeze neza vuba.

Shaka ubuvuzi bwihuse niba ufite:

• Ububabare bukomeye bw'amatwi buvangira ibikorwa bya buri munsi
• Inkorora irenga 100.4°F (38°C), cyane cyane mu bana
• Amazi, ibyuya, cyangwa amaraso ava mu matwi yawe
• Gutakaza kumva kw'igihe gito
• Gucika intege cyangwa ibibazo byo kubona umubiri
• Intege nke z'umubiri cyangwa kugwa
• Ijosi rikomera cyangwa kubabara umutwe cyane
• Ibimenyetso birushaho kuba bibi nyuma y'iminsi mike

Kubana bari munsi y'amezi 6, ibimenyetso byose by'uburwayi bw'amatwi bikeneye ubuvuzi bwihuse. Ubwirinde bw'abana bato buracyakomera, kandi uburwayi bw'amatwi rimwe na rimwe bushobora gutera ingaruka zikomeye niba budakuweho.

Izera ibyo umubiri wawe ukubwira. Niba wumva hari ikintu kidakwiye cyangwa ibimenyetso byawe birushaho kuba bibi nubwo witabwaho mu rugo, bihora byiza kuvugana na muganga wawe kuruta gutegereza no guhangayika.

Ni ibihe bintu byongera ibyago by'uburwayi bw'amatwi?

Nubwo umuntu wese ashobora kurwara uburwayi bw'amatwi, ibintu bimwe na bimwe bituma bamwe bafite ibyago kurusha abandi. Gusobanukirwa ibyago byawe bishobora kugufasha gufata ingamba zo kwirinda no kumenya igihe ukwiye kwitondera cyane ubuzima bw'amatwi.

Ibintu byongera ibyago by'ingenzi birimo:

• Imyaka (abana bari munsi y'imyaka 3 bafite ibyago byinshi)
• Ibicurane bikunze kubaho cyangwa indwara z'ubuhumekero
• Allergie z'ibihe cyangwa gufunga umunwa buri gihe
• Guhumeka itabi
• Kwitabira ibigo by'abana cyangwa amashuri
• Amateka y'umuryango w'uburwayi bw'amatwi bukunze kubaho
• Umuhogo waguye cyangwa ibindi bimenyetso by'isura
• Ibibazo by'ubwirinzi bw'umubiri
• Uburwayi bw'amatwi bwa mbere

Bamwe mu bantu bafite ibintu by'umubiri byongera ibyago byabo, nko gufunga imiyoboro y'amatwi cyangwa imiyoboro ya Eustachian idakora neza. Iyi miterere ntabwo ari ikintu ushobora guhindura, ariko kumenya ibyo bigufasha wowe na muganga wawe kuba maso ku bibazo bishoboka.

Ibintu byo mu buzima nko koga kenshi, gukoresha ibikoresho byo kumva, cyangwa kuba mu karere kahumanye bishobora kandi kongera ibyago byawe. Inkuru nziza ni uko ibintu byinshi muri ibi bishobora guhinduka ukoresheje impinduka nto mu buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi.

Ni izihe ngaruka zishoboka z'uburwayi bw'amatwi?

Uburwayi bwinshi bw'amatwi bukira budateye ibibazo birambye, ariko rimwe na rimwe ingaruka zishobora kubaho niba ubwandu bukomeye cyangwa budakuweho neza. Kumenya ibi bishoboka bigufasha kumenya igihe ukeneye ubuvuzi bwihuse.

Ingaruka zisanzwe zishobora kubaho harimo:

• Gutakaza kumva by'igihe gito bisanzwe bikira uko ubwandu bukira
• Uruhu rw'amatwi rwamenetse, rusanzwe rukira ubwa rwo
• Uburwayi bw'amatwi buhoraho buhora busubira
• Amazi ahora mu gutwi rwagati
• Ibibazo byo kuvuga cyangwa gutinda gutera imbere mu bana bato

Ingaruka zikomeye ariko zidafite akamaro zishobora kuba harimo ikwirakwira ry'ubwandu ku bindi bice. Ibi bishobora kuba bikubiyemo igufwa riri inyuma y'amatwi yawe, ubwonko, cyangwa ibindi bice by'umutwe na ijosi. Nubwo ari ubwoba kubitekerezaho, izi ngaruka ntabwo zikunze kubaho igihe uburwayi bw'amatwi butabwaho uko bikwiye.

Urufunguzo rwo kwirinda ingaruka ni ugukira igihe ukeneye kandi gukurikiza inama za muganga wawe. Abantu benshi barakira neza uburwayi bw'amatwi nta ngaruka zirambye ku kumva kwabo cyangwa ubuzima bwabo.

Uburwayi bw'amatwi bushobora kwirindwa gute?

Nubwo udashobora kwirinda uburwayi bwose bw'amatwi, ingamba zimwe na zimwe zoroheje zishobora kugabanya ibyago byawe cyane. Izi ngamba zo kwirinda zibanda ku kugumisha amatwi yawe meza kandi yumye mu gihe ushyigikira ubuzima bwawe rusange.

Dore ingamba zo kwirinda zikomeye:

• Koga intoki kenshi kugira ngo wirinde indwara z'ubuhumekero
• Kugumisha amatwi yawe yumye nyuma yo koga cyangwa koga
• Kwirinda gushyira ibintu nka coton tige mu matwi yawe
• Kuvura allergie ukoresheje imiti ikwiye
• Ntukore itabi kandi wirinda itabi
• Kuguma ugezweho n'inkingo
• Konsa abana bato igihe bishoboka
• Kugabanya ikoreshwa ry'ibikoresho byo konsa mu bana bakuze

Kubakunda koga, gukoresha ibikoresho byo kurinda amatwi cyangwa ingofero yo koga bishobora gufasha amazi kudinjira mu matwi yawe. Nyuma yo koga, kanda umutwe wawe ku ruhande rumwe kugira ngo amazi asohoke neza, kandi wumishe neza igice cy'amatwi yawe hanze ukoresheje igitambaro.

Niba ufite allergie, gukorana na muganga wawe kugira ngo uyivure neza bishobora kugabanya ibyago by'uburwayi bw'amatwi. Iyo inzira z'amazuru zawe zimeze neza kandi zikora neza, amatwi yawe ntabwo akunda kwandura.

Uburwayi bw'amatwi bupimwa gute?

Muganga wawe ashobora gupima uburwayi bw'amatwi asuzumye amatwi yawe kandi akabaza ibimenyetso byawe. Uyu muhango usanzwe uhuse kandi woroshye, nubwo bishobora kuba bibi niba amatwi yawe asanzwe ababara.

Mu gihe cy'isuzumwa ryawe, umuganga wawe azakoresha igikoresho cyihariye cy'umucyo cyitwa otoscope kugira ngo arebe imbere mu matwi yawe. Areba niba hari ubuhumyi, kubyimba, amazi, cyangwa ibindi bimenyetso by'ubwandu inyuma y'uruhu rw'amatwi.

Muganga wawe ashobora kandi gukurura neza amatwi yawe yo hanze cyangwa gukanda ahantu hafi y'amatwi yawe kugira ngo arebe niba ibi byongera ububabare bwawe. Azakubaza ibimenyetso byawe, igihe wabibonye, niba wari waranduye amatwi mbere.

Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, ibizamini byiyongereye bishobora kuba bikenewe. Ibi bishobora kuba harimo ibizamini byo kumva niba ufite ibibazo byo kumva, cyangwa bike, ibizamini by'amashusho niba muganga wawe akeka ingaruka. Ariko, uburwayi bwinshi bw'amatwi bupimwa hashingiwe ku isuzuma ry'umubiri gusa.

Ni ubuhe buvuzi bw'uburwayi bw'amatwi?

Ubuvuzi bw'uburwayi bw'amatwi bushingiye ku bwoko n'uburemere bw'ubwandu bwawe, ndetse n'imyaka yawe n'ubuzima bwawe rusange. Uburwayi bwinshi bw'amatwi, cyane cyane ubwo buke, bukira ubwa bwo mu minsi mike nta buvuzi bwihariye bwa muganga.

Muganga wawe ashobora kugutegeka gukurikirana ibimenyetso byawe ukoresheje imiti igabanya ububabare no gukurikirana uko ubuzima bwawe buhagaze mu masaha 48 kugeza kuri 72 kugira ngo urebe niba bukira neza.

Igihe imiti ya antibiyotike ikenewe, muganga wawe azakwandikira ubwoko bukwiye bw'ubwandu bwawe. Ni ngombwa gufata antibiyotike yose, nubwo utangiye kumva umeze neza, kugira ngo wirinde ubwandu butakirwa.

Kuburwayi bw'amatwi yo hanze, muganga wawe ashobora kugutegeka imiti yo mu matwi. Iyi miti ikora aho ubwandu buri kandi ikunze gutanga ubuvuzi mu munsi umwe cyangwa ibiri uhereye igihe watangiye kuvurwa.

Kuvura ububabare ni igice cy'ingenzi cyo kuvura. Imiti igabanya ububabare yo mu maduka nka acetaminophen cyangwa ibuprofen ishobora kugabanya ububabare n'inkorora. Muganga wawe azakugira inama y'umwanya ukwiye ukurikije imyaka yawe n'uburemere bwawe.

Urashobora kuvura uburwayi bw'amatwi mu rugo gute?

Nubwo ugomba guhora ubana na muganga wawe kubera uburwayi bw'amatwi, uburyo bwo kuvura mu rugo bushobora kugufasha kumva umeze neza mu gihe umubiri wawe ukirinda. Ibi bintu byoroheje bikorana n'ubuvuzi bwa muganga kugira ngo bigabanye ibimenyetso byawe.

Dore uburyo bwo kuvura mu rugo butekanye kandi bukoreshwa:

• Shyira igitambaro gishyushye ku gutwi byanduye iminota 10-15
• Gukumisha umutwe wawe mu gihe uryamye
• Kunywa amazi menshi
• Koresha humidifier kugira ngo wongere ubuhehere mu kirere
• Kwirinda kwinjiza amazi mu matwi
• Kuryama bihagije kugira ngo ufashe ubwirinde bw'umubiri wawe
• Fata imiti igabanya ububabare ukurikije amabwiriza

Igitambaro gishyushye, gitose gifatwa neza ku gutwi byawe bishobora gutanga ubuvuzi buhumuriza. Kora uburyo igitambaro kitashyuha cyane, kandi ntukijye ushyira imbere mu muyoboro w'amatwi.

Kwirinda gukoresha imiti yo mu matwi, amavuta, cyangwa ibindi bintu byo kuvura mu rugo keretse muganga wawe abikugira inama. Ibinyabutabire bimwe bishobora gutera uburwayi bw'amatwi cyangwa kubangamira ubuvuzi bwawe.

Wategura gute inama yawe na muganga?

Gutegura inama yawe bishobora kugufasha kubona byinshi mu ruzinduko rwawe kandi bikaba byizewe ko muganga wawe afite amakuru yose akenewe kugira ngo agufashe kumva umeze neza. Gutegura gato bigira uruhare mu gutuma inama yawe ikora neza kandi ikora.

Mbere y'uruzinduko rwawe, andika urutonde rw'ibimenyetso byawe harimo igihe byatangiye, uko bikomeye, n'ikintu cyose kibitera cyangwa kibirinda. Andika kandi imiti ukoresha ubu, harimo imiti igabanya ububabare yo mu maduka.

Andika ibibazo byose ushaka kubabaza muganga wawe. Ibibazo bisanzwe bishobora kuba harimo igihe ubwandu bukwiye gukira, igihe ushobora gusubira mu bikorwa bisanzwe, cyangwa ibimenyetso byo kwitondera bishobora kugaragaza ingaruka.

Niba wari waranduye amatwi mbere, zana amakuru yerekeye ubuvuzi bwa mbere n'ibyakoraga cyangwa bitakora kuri wowe. Aya mateka ashobora gufasha muganga wawe guhitamo uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura.

Tegereza kuzana umuntu wo mu muryango cyangwa inshuti niba ufite ibibazo byo kumva. Bashobora kugufasha kuvugana na muganga wawe no kwibuka amabwiriza akomeye yerekeye uko witabwaho.

Ni iki gikomeye cyo kuzirikana ku burwayi bw'amatwi?

Uburwayi bw'amatwi ni ubwandu busanzwe, buvuzi busanzwe bukira budateye ibibazo birambye. Nubwo bishobora kuba bibi kandi bikabangamira, abantu benshi barakira neza ukoresheje ubuvuzi bukwiye no kwihangana.

Ikintu cy'ingenzi cyo kwibuka ni uko ntugomba kwihanganira ububabare bukomeye. Ubuvuzi bukoreshwa buhari, kandi muganga wawe ashobora kugufasha kubona uburyo bukwiye ku kibazo cyawe.

Kumenya ibimenyetso hakiri kare no kuvurwa neza igihe bikenewe bishobora kwirinda ingaruka kandi bigufashe kumva umeze neza vuba. Izera ibyo umubiri wawe ukubwira, kandi ntutinye gushaka ubuvuzi igihe uhangayitse.

Ukoresheje ubuvuzi bukwiye no kwita ku mubiri, witege ko usubira mu bikorwa byawe bisanzwe mu minsi mike kugeza ku cyumweru. Uburwayi bwinshi bw'amatwi ni ikibazo gito mu rugendo rwawe rwo kugira ubuzima bwiza.

Ibibazo bikunze kubaho ku burwayi bw'amatwi

Uburwayi bw'amatwi bushobora kwandura kuva ku muntu umwe ku wundi?

Uburwayi bw'amatwi ubwa bwo ntibwandura kuva ku muntu umwe ku wundi. Ariko, indwara z'ubuhumekero zikunze gutera uburwayi bw'amatwi, nko gufatwa n'ibicurane na grippe, zirabandura. Rero, nubwo udashobora “kwandura” uburwayi bw'amatwi bw'undi muntu, ushobora kwandura ibicurane biterwa n'uburwayi bwawe bw'amatwi.

Uburwayi bw'amatwi busanzwe buramara igihe kingana iki?

Uburwayi bwinshi bw'amatwi bukira mu minsi 3 kugeza kuri 5, nubwo ibimenyetso bimwe nko gutakaza kumva gake bishobora kumara icyumweru cyangwa ibiri uko amazi ava mu matwi yawe. Niba ufashe antibiyotike, ukwiye gutangira kumva umeze neza mu masaha 48 kugeza kuri 72 uhereye igihe watangiye kuvurwa.

Ni byiza guhaguruka n'uburwayi bw'amatwi?

Guhaguruka n'uburwayi bw'amatwi bishobora kuba bibi cyane kubera impinduka z'umuvuduko mu gihe cyo guhaguruka no kugwa. Niba ugomba guhaguruka, koresha imiti igabanya umuvuduko mbere kandi ugume usuma cyangwa umenyura kenshi mu gihe cyo guhaguruka. Ariko, ni byiza gusubika urugendo rwawe mu kirere kugeza ubwandu bwawe bukikijwe niba bishoboka.

Abakuze bashobora kugira ubwoko bw'uburwayi bw'amatwi nk'ubw'abana?

Yego, abakuze bashobora kugira ubwoko bw'uburwayi bw'amatwi nk'ubw'abana, nubwo busanzwe buke mu bakuze. Uburwayi bw'amatwi bw'abakuze bushobora kuba buke kurusha ububabare bw'uburwayi bw'abana, ariko buracyatera ububabare bukomeye kandi bukeneye ubuvuzi bukwiye.

Ni ryari ushobora gusubira koga nyuma y'uburwayi bw'amatwi?

Ukwiye gutegereza kugeza ubwo uburwayi bwawe bw'amatwi bukikijwe kandi muganga wawe akaguha uruhushya mbere yo gusubira koga. Ibi bisanzwe bivuze gutegereza byibuze icyumweru nyuma y'ibimenyetso byawe byakijijwe, kandi igihe kirekire niba wari ufite uruhu rw'amatwi rwamenetse. Koga vuba bishobora kongera ubwandu bwawe cyangwa gutuma busubira.