Ehrlichiosis ni iki? Ibimenyetso, Intandaro, n'Ubuvuzi

Ehrlichiosis ni indwara iterwa na bagiteri ubona iyo ukosowe n’ikinyugunyugu, cyane cyane ikinyugunyugu cya Lone Star n’icya Blacklegged. Iyi ndwara ibaho iyo bagiteri zitwa Ehrlichia zinjiye mu maraso yawe zigakubita utwicyeya tw’amaraso, tugize uruhare mu gukingira umubiri.

Nubwo ehrlichiosis ishobora kuba isa n’iteye ubwoba, ivurwa neza n’antibiyotike iyo ibonewe hakiri kare. Abantu benshi barakira neza mu byumweru bike uhereye igihe batangiye kuvurwa, kandi ingaruka zikomeye ni nke iyo iyi ndwara imenyekanye kandi ivuwe vuba.

Ibimenyetso bya ehrlichiosis ni ibihe?

Ibimenyetso bya ehrlichiosis bigaragara mu minsi 1-2 nyuma yo gukosorwa n’ikinyugunyugu, nubwo bishobora kugaragara mu minsi mike cyangwa ukwezi nyuma yaho. Ibimenyetso bya mbere bikunze kumera nk’iby’igipfapfa, ibyo bikaba bishobora gutuma iyi ndwara igorana kuyimenya mu ntangiriro.

Dore ibimenyetso bisanzwe ushobora kugira:

• Umuriro n’igituntu bitangira mu buryo butunguranye
• Uburwayi bukomeye bw’umutwe budakira neza n’imiti igabanya ububabare iboneka mu maduka
• Kubabara kw’imikaya mu mubiri wose
• Umunaniro ukomeye kurusha ubusanzwe
• Isesemi n’kuruka
• Kubura ubushake bwo kurya
• Gucika intekere cyangwa kumva udasobanutse

Bamwe mu bantu bagira n’uburwayi bw’uruhu, nubwo bibaho gake kurusha izindi ndwara ziterwa n’ikinyugunyugu nka Rocky Mountain spotted fever. Ubwo burwayi bw’uruhu, iyo bugaragaye, busanzwe bugira ibishushanyo bito, byoroshye, by’umutuku cyangwa umuhondo.

Mu bihe bitoroshye, ibimenyetso bikomeye bishobora kugaragara iyo iyi ndwara ikomeza idakuweho. Ibyo bishobora kuba harimo gucika intekere bikomeye, kugira ikibazo cyo guhumeka, kugira ikibazo cyo kuva amaraso, cyangwa ibimenyetso byo kudakora neza kw’imigongo. Ariko kandi, izi ngaruka zikomeye ni nke iyo ehrlichiosis ivuwe neza hakoreshejwe antibiyotike.

Intandaro ya ehrlichiosis ni iyihe?

Ehrlichiosis iterwa na bagiteri zo mu muryango wa Ehrlichia ziba mu binyama. Iyo ikinyugunyugu cyanduye kikukosoye kikagumaho amasaha menshi, izo bagiteri zishobora kwinjira mu maraso yawe zikateza indwara.

Ubwoko nyamukuru bwa bagiteri ziterwa na ehrlichiosis harimo:

• Ehrlichia chaffeensis, ikwirakwizwa n’ikinyugunyugu cya Lone Star
• Ehrlichia ewingii, ikwirakwizwa n’ikinyugunyugu cya Lone Star
• Anaplasma phagocytophilum, ikwirakwizwa n’ikinyugunyugu cya Blacklegged (kitwa kandi ikinyugunyugu cy’inkazi)

Ibyo binyama bifata bagiteri iyo bifata amaraso y’inyamaswa zanduye nka inyama, imbwa, cyangwa imbeba. Bagiteri ziba mu mubiri w’ikinyugunyugu kandi zishobora guhererekanywa ku bantu mu gihe cyo kunywa amaraso.

Ni ngombwa kumenya ko ehrlichiosis idahererekanywa mu bantu binyuze mu mibanire isanzwe, inkorora, cyangwa gukoraho. Urashobora kuyibona gusa iyo ukosowe n’ikinyugunyugu cyanduye cyagumye ku mubiri wawe byibuze amasaha menshi.

Ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga kubera ehrlichiosis?

Ukwiye kuvugana n’umuganga wawe niba ugize ibimenyetso nk’iby’igipfapfa mu gihe cy’ukwezi umara mu bice ibinyama biba, cyane cyane niba wibuka ko wakosowe n’ikinyugunyugu. Ubuvuzi bwa hakiri kare butanga itandukaniro rikomeye mu buryo bw’ubukira bwawe.

Shaka ubufasha bw’abaganga vuba niba ugize umuriro, ububabare bw’umutwe, ububabare bw’imikaya, n’umunaniro nyuma yo gushobora gukosorwa n’ikinyugunyugu. Ntugatege amatsiko ibimenyetso bikomeze, kuko ehrlichiosis ivurwa neza iyo itangiye hakiri kare.

Fata ubufasha bw’abaganga vuba niba ugize ibimenyetso bikomeye nka umuriro ukabije urenze 103°F, gucika intekere bikomeye, kugira ikibazo cyo guhumeka, kuruka bidashira, cyangwa ibimenyetso byo kuva amaraso. Nubwo izi ngaruka zikomeye ari nke, zisaba ubufasha bw’abaganga vuba.

Wibuke ko ntukeneye gutegereza kugeza ubwo ubonye ikinyugunyugu ku mubiri wawe kugira ngo ushake ubufasha. Abantu benshi barwaye ehrlichiosis ntibibuka kubona cyangwa gukuraho ikinyugunyugu, kuko ibyo binyugunyugu bito bishobora kuba bito nk’imbuto ya poppy.

Ibyago byo kwandura ehrlichiosis ni ibihe?

Ibyago byo kwandura ehrlichiosis byiyongera bitewe n’aho uba, aho ukora, cyangwa aho umara igihe cyo kwidagadura. Gusobanukirwa ibyo byago bishobora kugufasha gufata ingamba zikwiye iyo uri mu bice ibinyama biba.

Ibintu by’ubwibike n’ibidukikije byongera ibyago byawe birimo:

• Kuba mu majyepfo, hagati y’amajyepfo, na hagati y’uburasirazuba bwa Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika
• Kumara igihe mu mashyamba, mu bihuru, cyangwa mu bishanga
• Guca ibiruhuko, gutembera, guhiga, cyangwa guhinga mu bice ibinyama biba
• Kugira amatungo y’imbere amara igihe hanze kandi ashobora kuzana ibinyama mu rugo

Ibintu bimwe na bimwe by’umuntu bishobora kandi kugira ingaruka ku byago byawe. Abantu barengeje imyaka 40 bakunze kwandura ehrlichiosis, bishoboka ko ari uko bamara igihe kinini mu bikorwa byo hanze. Abagabo barwaye ehrlichiosis kurusha abagore, bishoboka ko ari uko bahura cyane n’ibikorwa byo hanze.

Niba ufite ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri buke kubera imiti, indwara, cyangwa ubuvuzi nka chimiothérapie, ushobora kuba ufite ibyago byinshi byo kugira ibimenyetso bikomeye niba wanduye ehrlichiosis.

Ingaruka zishoboka za ehrlichiosis ni izihe?

Abantu benshi barwaye ehrlichiosis barakira neza hakoreshejwe antibiyotike, ariko ingaruka zishobora kugaragara iyo iyi ndwara idakuweho cyangwa idafashwe hakiri kare. Izo ngaruka zikunze kubaho ku bantu bafite ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri buke cyangwa izindi ndwara.

Ingaruka zishoboka zishobora kubaho harimo:

• Ibibazo byo guhumeka, harimo kugira ikibazo cyo guhumeka cyangwa pneumonia
• Ibibazo byo kuva amaraso kubera kugabanuka kw’utwicyeya tw’amaraso
• Kudakora neza kw’impyiko cyangwa kunanirwa kwazo
• Ibibazo by’umutima, harimo kubabara kw’umutima
• Ibibazo by’ubwonko nka gutakaza ubwenge cyangwa koma
• Indwara ziterwa n’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri buke

Mu bihe bitoroshye cyane, ehrlichiosis idakuweho ishobora kuba yica, cyane cyane ku bantu bakuze cyangwa abafite ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri buke. Ariko kandi, hakoreshejwe ubuvuzi bw’igihe n’antibiyotike ikwiye, abantu benshi barakira neza nta ngaruka zihoraho.

Inkuru nziza ni uko izi ngaruka zikomeye ari nke iyo ehrlichiosis ivuwe neza. Niyo mpamvu gushaka ubufasha bw’abaganga hakiri kare iyo ufite ibimenyetso nyuma yo gukosorwa n’ikinyugunyugu ari ingenzi cyane.

Ehrlichiosis irashobora kwirindwa gute?

Kwiringira ehrlichiosis bishingiye ku kwirinda gukosorwa n’ikinyugunyugu no gukuraho vuba ibinyugunyugu byose byakubise ku mubiri wawe. Kubera ko nta urukingo rwa ehrlichiosis, ibyo bintu birinda ni byo birinda cyane indwara.

Iyo umara igihe mu bice ibinyama biba, ushobora kwirinda ukoresheje:

• Kwambara imyenda miremire y’amaboko n’amaguru, byiza ibara ryera kugira ngo ubone ibinyama byoroshye
• Kwinjiza imyenda yawe mu masogisi kugira ngo uhindure inzitizi
• Gukoresha imiti yo kwirinda ibinyama yemewe na EPA irimo DEET ku ruhu rugaragara
• Gusiga imyenda n’ibikoresho byawe imiti irimo permethrin
• Kuguma mu nzira zizwi kandi kwirinda ibihuru, ibice by’ibiti byakuriye cyane iyo bishoboka

Nyuma yo kumara igihe hanze, jya ugenzura umubiri wawe wose kugira ngo urebe ibinyama, witondere cyane ibice nka umusatsi, inyuma y’amatwi, munsi y’amaboko, no mu kibuno. Ntucikwe no kugenzura imyenda yawe n’amatungo yari kumwe nawe.

Niba ubonye ikinyugunyugu cyakubise ku mubiri wawe, gikureho vuba ukoresheje imikasi yoroheje. Fata ikinyugunyugu hafi y’uruhu rwawe uko bishoboka, ukirukure hejuru ukoresheje umuvuduko uhamye. Kwoza ahantu wakosowe n’isabune n’amazi cyangwa alcool nyuma yaho.

Ehrlichiosis imenyeshwa gute?

Kumenya ehrlichiosis bishobora kuba bigoye kuko ibimenyetso byayo bya mbere bisa cyane n’iby’izindi ndwara, harimo igipfapfa. Umuganga wawe azatangira akubaza ibyo wakoze vuba aha, cyane cyane igihe cyose wamaze hanze mu bice ibinyama biba.

Umuganga wawe azakora isuzuma ry’umubiri kandi ashobora gutegeka ibizamini by’amaraso kugira ngo afashe kwemeza uburwayi. Ibyo bizamini bishobora kuba harimo igipimo cy’amaraso, kigaragaza akenshi kugabanuka kw’utwicyeya tw’amaraso, kugabanuka kw’utwicyeya tw’amaraso, no kwiyongera kw’impyiko mu bantu barwaye ehrlichiosis.

Ibizamini byihariye bishobora kumenya bagiteri za ehrlichiosis cyangwa uburyo umubiri wawe ubikingira. Ibyo birimo ibizamini bya PCR bishaka ADN ya bagiteri n’ibizamini by’antikorps bisuzuma uburyo umubiri wawe ubikingira. Ariko kandi, ibizamini by’antikorps bishobora kutagaragaza ibimenyetso byiza mu cyumweru cya mbere cy’uburwayi.

Rimwe na rimwe umuganga wawe ashobora gutangira kuvura hakoreshejwe antibiyotike hashingiwe ku bimenyetso byawe n’ibyago byawe, mbere y’uko ibisubizo by’ibizamini bigaragara. Ubu buryo buhumura kuko ubuvuzi bwa hakiri kare ni ingenzi, kandi gutegereza ibisubizo by’ibizamini bishobora gutinda ubuvuzi bukomeye.

Ubuvuzi bwa ehrlichiosis ni buhe?

Ubuvuzi nyamukuru bwa ehrlichiosis ni antibiyotike, cyane cyane doxycycline, ikora neza cyane kuri bagiteri ziterwa n’iyi ndwara. Abantu benshi batangira kumva barushijeho kumera neza mu masaha 24-48 uhereye igihe batangiye kuvurwa hakoreshejwe antibiyotike.

Umuganga wawe azakwandikira doxycycline iminsi 7-14, bitewe n’uburemere bw’ibimenyetso byawe n’uburyo uhita ukira. Ni ngombwa gufata antibiyotike zose, nubwo watangira kumva umeze neza mbere yo kurangiza imiti yose.

Ku bantu badashobora gufata doxycycline, nka ba nyina batwite cyangwa abafite allergie zimwe na zimwe, antibiyotike zishobora gukoreshwa nka rifampin. Ariko kandi, doxycycline igumana kuba ubuvuzi bwa mbere kuko ikora neza kurusha izindi kuri bagiteri za ehrlichiosis.

Abantu benshi barwaye ehrlichiosis bashobora kuvurwa mu rugo hakoreshejwe antibiyotike zinyobwa. Ariko kandi, niba ufite ibimenyetso bikomeye cyangwa ingaruka, ushobora kuba ukeneye kujyanwa mu bitaro kugira ngo uhabwe antibiyotike zinyinjijwe mu mitsi n’ubuvuzi bwo kubungabunga nk’amazi anyinjijwe mu mitsi cyangwa kugenzura imikorere y’imigongo.

Uburyo bwo guhangana n’ibimenyetso bya ehrlichiosis mu rugo

Mu gihe gufata antibiyotike yawe ari byo byingenzi mu buvuzi, hari ibintu byinshi ushobora gukora mu rugo kugira ngo ufashe guhangana n’ibimenyetso byawe no gufasha gukira. Kuruhuka no kunywa amazi ahagije ni ingenzi cyane mu gihe umubiri wawe urwana n’indwara.

Kubera umuriro n’ububabare bw’umubiri, ushobora gukoresha imiti yo mu maduka nka acetaminophen cyangwa ibuprofen, ukurikije amabwiriza ari ku icupa. Ibyo bishobora kugufasha kumva umeze neza mu gihe antibiyotike zikora kugira ngo zikureho indwara.

Kunywa amazi ahagije, cyane cyane amazi, kugira ngo wirinde gukama kubera umuriro no gufasha umubiri wawe gukuraho indwara. Kurya ibiryo biroroshye, byoroshye gushobora kugufasha niba ufite isesemi cyangwa kubura ubushake bwo kurya.

Kuruhuka bihagije ni ingenzi kugira ngo ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri bufashe kurwanya indwara. Ntukibeshye gusubira mu bikorwa bisanzwe vuba – hemba umubiri wawe igihe cyo gukira neza.

Komeza ukurebe ibimenyetso byawe kandi uvugane n’umuganga wawe niba bikomeje cyangwa ntibikire mu minsi mike uhereye igihe watangiye gufata antibiyotike. Abantu benshi babona impinduka ikomeye mu masaha 48 uhereye igihe batangiye kuvurwa.

Uko wakwitegura gusura umuganga wawe

Mbere yo gusura umuganga, andika ibimenyetso byawe byose n’igihe byatangiye, nubwo bisa n’ibito. Garagaza amakuru yerekeye ibikorwa byo hanze, ingendo, cyangwa gushobora gukosorwa n’ikinyugunyugu, kuko ayo makuru afasha umuganga wawe gusuzuma ibyago byawe byo kwandura ehrlichiosis.

Zana urutonde rw’imiti yose ufashe ubu, harimo imiti yo mu maduka n’ibindi. Nanone, andika allergie ufite ku miti, kuko ibyo bigira ingaruka ku miti umuganga wawe ashobora kwandika.

Niba ubonye ukuraho ikinyugunyugu, gerageza kwibuka igihe n’aho byabereye. Niba warabitsindikiye, uzanye mu kintu gifunze – ibyo bishobora gufasha mu kumenya uburwayi, nubwo atari ngombwa mu buvuzi.

Tegura ibibazo ushaka kubabaza umuganga wawe, nko kumenya igihe utegereje kumva uburwayi, igihe ushobora gusubira ku kazi cyangwa mu bikorwa bisanzwe, n’ibimenyetso bikwiye kukubwira gushaka ubufasha bw’abaganga vuba.

Icyo ugomba kumenya cyane kuri ehrlichiosis

Ehrlichiosis ni indwara iterwa na bagiteri ivurwa kandi iterwa n’ikinyugunyugu, ivurwa neza n’antibiyotike iyo ibonewe hakiri kare. Ibintu by’ingenzi byo kwibuka ni uko kwirinda gukosorwa n’ikinyugunyugu ari byo birinda cyane, kandi ubufasha bw’abaganga vuba nyuma yo gukosorwa n’ikinyugunyugu bishobora kwirinda ingaruka zikomeye.

Niba ugize ibimenyetso nk’iby’igipfapfa nyuma yo kumara igihe mu bice ibinyama biba, ntutinye kuvugana n’umuganga wawe, nubwo utazibuka ko wakosowe n’ikinyugunyugu. Kumenya uburwayi hakiri kare no kuvurwa hakoreshejwe doxycycline bisanzwe bitera gukira neza mu byumweru bike.

Ukoresheje ingamba zikwiye iyo uri hanze no gushaka ubufasha bw’abaganga vuba iyo ibimenyetso bigaragara, ushobora kwirinda wowe n’umuryango wawe iyi ndwara iterwa n’ikinyugunyugu. Wibuke ko ehrlichiosis irashobora kwirindwa kandi ivurwa neza hakoreshejwe uburyo bukwiye.

Ibibazo byakunze kubaho kuri ehrlichiosis

Urashobora kwandura ehrlichiosis incuro nyinshi?

Yego, ushobora kwandura ehrlichiosis incuro nyinshi kuko kwandura rimwe ntibitanga ubudahangarwa bw’igihe kirekire. Buri kinyugunyugu gikubise kikinjiza bagiteri za ehrlichia gitera ibyago bishya byo kwandura, bityo ni ngombwa gukomeza gufata ingamba zo kwirinda nubwo wari warwaye ehrlichiosis mbere.

Ikinyugunyugu kigomba kugumaho igihe kingana iki kugira ngo cyanduze ehrlichiosis?

Ibinyugunyugu bisanzwe bigomba kugumaho byibuze amasaha menshi kugira ngo byanduze bagiteri za ehrlichiosis, nubwo igihe nyacyo kitazwi neza. Niyo mpamvu kugenzura ibinyama buri munsi no kubikuraho vuba ari byo birinda indwara. Ikinyugunyugu kigumaho igihe kirekire, ibyago byawe byiyongera.

Hariho urukingo rwa ehrlichiosis?

Oya, nta rukingo rwa ehrlichiosis ruhari ubu. Kwiringira bishingiye ku kwirinda gukosorwa n’ikinyugunyugu binyuze mu myenda yo kwirinda, imiti yo kwirinda ibinyama, no kumenya ibidukikije. Abashakashatsi bakomeza kwiga ku rukingo rushoboka, ariko nta na rumwe ruhari ku bantu ubu.

Amatungo arashobora kwandura ehrlichiosis akayanduza abantu?

Amatungo, cyane cyane imbwa, arashobora kwandura ehrlichiosis binyuze mu binyama, ariko ntibashobora guhererekanya indwara ku bantu. Ariko kandi, amatungo ashobora kuzana ibinyama byanduye mu rugo, ibyo bikaba byakubita abagize umuryango. Kugumisha amatungo ku miti yo kwirinda ibinyama bifasha kurinda amatungo yawe n’umuryango wawe.

Itandukaniro hagati ya ehrlichiosis na Lyme disease ni irihe?

Zombi ni indwara ziterwa na bagiteri ziterwa n’ikinyugunyugu, ariko ziterwa na bagiteri zitandukanye kandi zifite ibimenyetso bimwe bitandukanye. Ehrlichiosis ntabwo ikunze gutera ubwo burwayi bw’uruhu busanzwe kuri Lyme disease, kandi ibimenyetso bya ehrlichiosis bikunze kumera nk’iby’igipfapfa. Zombi zirinda neza ubuvuzi hakoreshejwe antibiyotike iyo zafashwe hakiri kare.