Ese ni iki? Ibimenyetso, Impamvu, n'Ubuvuzi

Ese ni uburwayi umwana umaze kumenya kujya ku musarani akora imyanda mu myenda ye cyangwa ahandi hatakwiriye. Ibi bibaho kubera ko umwanda uba warabaye mwinshi mu mara, maze umwanda woroshye ukamanuka ukagera hanze.

Ubu burwayi bugera kuri 1-3% by'abana, cyane cyane bari hagati y'imyaka 4 na 12. Ntabwo ari ikintu umwana wawe akora nkana, kandi ntabwo ari ikimenyetso cy'ibibazo by'imyitwarire cyangwa uburere bubi.

Ese ni iki?

Ese ibaho iyo abana bamaze kumenya kujya ku musarani byibuze amezi ane batangira kugira impanuka z'imyanda buri gihe. Ijambo rya muganga rigaragaza icyo kimenyetso n'ikibazo cyabiteye.

Tekereza nk'aho hari ikibazo mu mara y'umwana wawe. Iyo umwanda ubaye mwinshi kandi ukagira umunyu, uba ubuza indi myanda kunyura. Ubundi umwanda woroshye umanuka ukagera hanze, bigatuma habaho impanuka umwana adashobora kugenzura.

Hari ubwoko bubiri nyamukuru. Ese yo kubika ibaho iyo abana bafunga imyanda yabo, bigatuma bafata ibyuya kandi umwanda ukazamuka. Ese idakubika ni nke kandi ibaho idafite ibyuya, ikunze kubaho kubera ibibazo by'imyitwarire cyangwa iterambere.

Ibimenyetso bya Ese ni ibihe?

Ikimenyetso cyigaragara cyane ni ukubona umwanda mu myenda y'umwana wawe cyangwa ahandi hatakwiriye. Ariko kandi, hari ibindi bimenyetso byinshi bikunze kugaragara hamwe n'izo mpanuka.

Dore ibimenyetso bisanzwe byo kwitondera:

• Kujya kenshi mu myenda y'imbere hamwe n'umwanda muke
• Imwanda minini kandi ikomeye ishobora gufunga ubwiherero
• Kubabara mu nda cyangwa guhinda umushyitsi
• Kubura ubushake bwo kurya
• Kugira indwara z'inzira z'umuyoboro w'inkari kenshi
• Kwima amatwara cyangwa gutinya kujya ku musarani
• Imyitwarire yo guhisha ibintu bijyanye no kujya ku musarani

Ushobora kandi kubona ko umwana wawe atazi impumuro cyangwa ntabwo ababara iyo imyenda ye yanduye. Ibi bibaho kubera ko guhora uhura n'impumuro bigabanya ubushobozi bwo kuyimenya.

Bamwe mu bana bagira n'impinduka mu myitwarire. Bashobora gucika intege, guhora bababara, cyangwa guta icyizere. Izo nyungu z'amarangamutima zisobanuka neza ukurikije uburyo ubu burwayi buteye isoni.

Ubwoko bwa Ese ni ubuhe?

Abaganga bagabanya Ese muburyo bubiri nyamukuru hashingiwe ku cyateye ikibazo. Gusobanukirwa ubwoko umwana wawe afite bifasha mu gutoranya uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura.

Ese yo kubika ni yo yiganje, igira ingaruka kuri 95% by'abana bafite ubu burwayi. Ibaho iyo umwana wawe ahora afunga imyanda, bigatuma afata ibyuya bikabije kandi umwanda ukazamuka.

Ese idakubika ni nke cyane kandi ibaho idafite ibyuya. Abana bafite ubu bwoko bashobora kugira ibibazo by'iterambere, ibibazo by'imyitwarire, cyangwa bataramenya neza ubuhanga bwo kujya ku musarani.

Muganga wawe azamenya ubwoko bwa Ese binyuze mu isuzuma ngororamubiri n'amateka y'ubuzima. Icyo kintu ni ingenzi kuko uburyo bwo kuvura butandukanye cyane hagati y'ubwoko bubiri.

Ese iterwa n'iki?

Ese ikunze kubaho iyo abana birinda kujya ku musarani kubera impamvu zitandukanye. Icyo kintu gitera ikibazo cyo gufata ibyuya no gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kugenzura imyanda.

Hari ibintu byinshi bishobora gutera iyo myitwarire yo kwirinda kujya ku musarani:

• Kubabara mu myanya y'imyanda kubera ibyuya cyangwa imyanya y'inyuma y'umubiri
• Ibibazo by'ubuzima bituma umuntu ahangayika nko kwimuka, gutandukana, cyangwa gutangira ishuri
• Amakimbirane ku bijyanye no kujya ku musarani
• Gutinya gukoresha ubwiherero butazwi
• Kuba umwana arimo gukina cyane ku buryo adafite umwanya wo kujya ku musarani
• Guhindura indyo cyangwa kudafata ibiryo bifite amafibe ahagije
• Imiti imwe na imwe igabanya umuvuduko w'imyanda

Mu bihe bitoroshye, uburwayi bw'umubiri bushobora gutera Ese. Ibyo birimo spina bifida, cerebral palsy, cyangwa izindi ndwara z'imitsi zifata ubushobozi bwo kugenzura imyanda.

Rimwe na rimwe impamvu iba idasobanuka. Icyatangira nk'ukwirinda kujya ku musarani rimwe na rimwe gishobora vuba cyane kuba ikibazo cy'umubiri kuko umuyoboro w'imyanda urakura kandi ugata ubushobozi bwo kumva ko ugomba kujya ku musarani.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga kubera Ese?

Wagomba kuvugana na muganga w'umwana wawe niba abana bamaze kumenya kujya ku musarani batangira kugira impanuka z'imyanda buri gihe. Kugira ubufasha hakiri kare bishobora gukumira ko ubu burwayi bukomeza kuba bubi kandi bugatera umunaniro.

Shaka ubufasha bw'abaganga vuba niba umwana wawe agaragaza ibi bimenyetso:

• Impanuka zo kujya mu myenda ziba kenshi mu cyumweru
• Imwanda ikomeye kandi minini itera ububabare cyangwa amaraso
• Kubabara mu nda cyangwa kubyimbagira
• Kubura ubushake bwo kurya cyangwa gutakaza ibiro
• Guhinda umushyitsi hamwe n'ibyuya
• Impinduka mu myitwarire cyangwa umunaniro

Ntugatege amatwi ngo urebe niba ikibazo kizakemuka ubwacyo. Ese ntiyakira ubwayo kandi ikunze kuba mibi iyo idakuweho. Kugira ubufasha bw'abaganga hakiri kare bigira ingaruka nziza.

Wibuke ko ibi atari ikimenyetso cy'uburere bwawe cyangwa imico y'umwana wawe. Ni uburwayi bw'umubiri bukunda kuvurwa neza iyo buvuriwe hakiri kare.

Ibyago byo kurwara Ese ni ibihe?

Hari ibintu bimwe na bimwe bishobora kongera amahirwe y'umwana wawe yo kurwara Ese. Gusobanukirwa ibyo byago bishobora kugufasha gufata ingamba zo kwirinda no kumenya ibimenyetso bya mbere.

Abahungu barwara kenshi kurusha abakobwa, ubu burwayi bukaba bukunze kugaragara cyane mu bahungu. Impamvu y'icyo kintu itarasobanuka neza n'abaganga.

Ibi bintu bishobora kongera ibyago by'umwana wawe:

• Amateka y'ibyuya bikabije
• Ibibazo by'ubuzima bituma umuntu ahangayika cyangwa impinduka zikomeye
• Uburwayi bwo kutamenya kwicara gatoya (ADHD)
• Ibibazo by'iterambere cyangwa ibibazo byo kwiga
• Amateka y'umuryango afite ibibazo by'imyanda
• Kudafata ibiryo bifite amafibe ahagije
• Kudakoresha amazi ahagije
• Kudakora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe

Abana bafite uburwayi bumwe na bumwe bafite ibyago byinshi. Ibyo birimo indwara z'imitsi, ibibazo by'umugongo, cyangwa ibibazo bifata imitsi n'uburyo umubiri ugendera.

Kugira ibyago ntibisobanura ko umwana wawe azahita arwara Ese. Abana benshi bafite ibyo byago ntibarwara, abandi badafite ibyago bigaragara bashobora kuzarwara.

Ingaruka zishoboka za Ese ni izihe?

Nubwo Ese ubwayo atari ikintu kibabaza, ishobora gutera ingaruka nyinshi zigira ingaruka ku mubiri n'amarangamutima y'umwana wawe. Izo ngaruka zigaragaza impamvu kuvura hakiri kare ari ingenzi.

Ingaruka zisanzwe harimo:

• Indwara z'inzira z'umuyoboro w'inkari kenshi
• Ibyuya bikabije bigoye kuvura
• Imvune cyangwa imyanya y'inyuma y'umubiri kubera imwanda ikomeye
• Kubabara mu nda buri gihe
• Kubura ubushake bwo kurya no kudafata ibiryo bihagije
• Kwikura mu bandi no kugira isoni
• Guta icyizere no kugira ibibazo by'imyitwarire
• Umunaniro mu muryango n'amakimbirane

Ingaruka zikomeye ariko nke zishobora kubaho niba ibyuya bikabije bidavuwe. Ibyo birimo kubura ubushobozi bwo kujya ku musarani cyangwa uburwayi bwitwa megacolon, aho umuyoboro w'imyanda uba munini cyane.

Ingaruka ku marangamutima akenshi ziba ari zo zigora imiryango. Abana bashobora kwikura mu bikorwa by'abantu benshi, kugira ibibazo mu ishuri, cyangwa kugira ubwoba bwo kujya ku musarani.

Hamwe no kuvura neza, izo ngaruka zishobora gukumirwa cyangwa gukemurwa. Kugira ubufasha hakiri kare biha umwana wawe amahirwe meza yo gukira burundu nta ngaruka zirambye.

Ese bishobora gukumirwa gute?

Nubwo udashobora gukumira Ese yose, hari uburyo bwinshi bushobora kugabanya cyane ibyago by'umwana wawe. Ibyo bintu byo kwirinda byibanda ku kugira imyanya y'imyanda ikozwe neza no gukemura ibibazo hakiri kare.

Tangira ushyireho gahunda yo kujya ku musarani buri gihe. Shishikariza umwana wawe kwicara ku musarani igihe kimwe buri munsi, cyane cyane nyuma yo kurya igihe umubiri uba ushaka kujya ku musarani.

Uburyo bwo kwirinda bukomeye harimo:

• Guha umwana ibiryo bifite amafibe menshi birimo imbuto n'imboga
• Kumenya ko umwana akoresha amazi ahagije umunsi wose
• Gushishikariza umwana gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe
• Kurema ahantu heza kandi hatuje ho kujya ku musarani
• Gukemura ibyuya hakiri kare iyo bibaye
• Kwima amatwara ku bijyanye no kujya ku musarani
• Kwigisha uburyo bwiza bwo kwisukura

Witondere imyanya y'imyanda y'umwana wawe n'imitekerereze ye. Niba ubona ibimenyetso by'ibyuya cyangwa kudashaka kujya ku musarani, kora ibishoboka byose kugira ngo bikemuke mbere y'uko biba ikibazo gikomeye.

Mu bihe by'ubuzima bigoye, shyigikira umwana wawe kandi uhore ukora ibintu kimwe. Ibi bifasha mu kwirinda imyitwarire yo kwirinda kujya ku musarani ishobora gutera Ese.

Ese imenyekanwa gute?

Abaganga bamenya Ese ahanini binyuze mu mateka y'ubuzima n'isuzuma ngororamubiri. Muganga wawe azakubaza ibibazo byinshi ku bimenyetso by'umwana wawe, imyanya y'imyanda, n'impinduka iheruka kubaho mu myitwarire cyangwa imikorere.

Uburyo bwo kumenya Ese busanzwe bugizwe n'inzira nyinshi. Ubwa mbere, muganga wawe azakora isuzuma ngororamubiri, harimo no kugenzura mu nda y'umwana wawe niba hari umwanda mwinshi no kugenzura inyuma y'umubiri niba hari imvune cyangwa ibindi bintu bitamenyekanye.

Muganga wawe ashobora gutegeka ibizamini by'inyongera mu bihe bimwe na bimwe:

• X-ray y'inda kugira ngo arebe niba hari umwanda mwinshi
• Ibizamini by'amaraso kugira ngo akureho uburwayi
• Ndetse n'ibizamini byihariye nka manometry y'inyuma

Abana benshi ntibakenera ibizamini byinshi. Ese imenyekana mu mateka y'ubuzima n'isuzuma ngororamubiri.

Muganga wawe azagenzura kandi niba ari Ese yo kubika cyangwa idakubika. Icyo kintu kigira uruhare mu gutegura uburyo bwo kuvura kandi gifasha mu kumenya uko umwana wawe azakira.

Tegura ibyo kuvugana n'umuganga wawe ku bijyanye n'imirire y'umwana wawe, uburyo ahangayitse, n'amateka yo kujya ku musarani. Ibyo bintu bifasha muganga wawe gusobanukirwa impamvu nyamukuru no gutegura gahunda nziza yo kuvura.

Ese ivurwa gute?

Kuvura Ese bisanzwe bikubiyemo inzira eshatu zifasha gukemura ikibazo cyihuse, gushyiraho imikorere myiza, no gutanga ubufasha buhoraho. Abana benshi barakira neza, nubwo bishobora kumara amezi kugira ngo hagaragare impinduka.

Icyiciro cya mbere kibanda ku gukuraho umwanda mwinshi. Muganga wawe ashobora kugutegeka imiti yo kunywa, imiti yo gushyira mu myanya y'inyuma, cyangwa imiti yo gukuraho umwanda kugira ngo ukureho umwanda mwinshi neza kandi byoroshye.

Ibintu byo kuvura bikunze kuba:

• Imiti yo koroshya umwanda no gukumira ibyuya
• Gushyiraho gahunda yo kujya ku musarani, cyane cyane nyuma yo kurya
• Guhindura imirire kugira ngo wongere amafibe n'amazi
• Guhindura imyitwarire no gushima
• Kwigisha umuryango no kumushyigikira
• Rimwe na rimwe kugisha inama kugira ngo hakemurwe ibibazo by'amarangamutima

Icyiciro cyo kubungabunga kigizwe no gukumira ibyuya mu gihe kizaza binyuze mu gukomeza imiti, guhindura imirire, no kujya ku musarani buri gihe. Icyo cyiciro akenshi kimamara amezi kugira ngo umuyoboro w'imyanda usubire mu buryo busanzwe.

Bamwe mu bana bashobora gukenera ubufasha bw'inzobere mu buzima bwo mu mutwe, cyane cyane niba hari ibibazo by'imyitwarire cyangwa ibibazo bikomeye by'amarangamutima bifitanye isano n'ubwo burwayi.

Uburyo bwo kuvura bugenda neza bitewe n'uburyo umuryango wose ufatanya. Abana benshi barakira neza iyo bavuwe neza, nubwo bamwe bashobora kugira ibibazo rimwe na rimwe mu gihe cyo gukira.

Uburyo bwo kuvura mu rugo muri Ese

Kwita ku mwana mu rugo bigira uruhare rukomeye mu kuvura Ese neza. Ubufasha bwawe buhoraho n'uburyo wihangana bizafasha umwana wawe guhangana n'iki kibazo vuba.

Kora ahantu heza kandi hatuje ho kujya ku musarani. Irinde kwerekana uburakari cyangwa agahinda iyo habaye impanuka, kuko bishobora kongera ikibazo no kwangiza icyizere cy'umwana wawe.

Uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura mu rugo harimo:

• Gushyiraho gahunda yo kujya ku musarani buri gihe, cyane cyane iminota 15-30 nyuma yo kurya
• Guha umwana intebe kugira ngo amaguru ye agere ku kintu iyo yicaye
• Kugira imyenda y'ububiko n'ibikoresho byo gusukura
• Gushimangira umwana iyo akoresheje ubwiherero neza utagaragaza impanuka
• Kwita ku gahunda y'imiti nk'uko muganga yabitegetse
• Guha umwana ibiryo bifite amafibe menshi no kumushishikariza kunywa amazi ahagije
• Kugabanya ibiryo by'amata niba bigaragara ko bigira ingaruka mbi ku byuya

Fata impanuka nk'ibintu bisanzwe. Reka umwana wawe afashe mu gusukura mu buryo bukwiriye ukurikije imyaka ye, ariko ntumubwire ko ari igihano. Ibi bigisha umwana inshingano udatuma agira isoni.

Andika ibitabo byoroshye by'imyanya y'imyanda, impanuka, n'ibiryo. Ibyo bintu bifasha muganga wawe guhindura uburyo bwo kuvura no kumenya ibintu bishobora gutera ikibazo.

Wibuke ko gukira bisaba igihe. Abana benshi bakenera amezi menshi yo kuvurwa neza mbere yo kubona impinduka ikomeye, bityo kwihangana ari ingenzi kugira ngo bigende neza.

Uburyo bwo kwitegura kujya kwa muganga

Kwitegura kujya kwa muganga bifasha mu kubona amakuru meza n'amabwiriza yo kuvura. Gukusanya amakuru yihariye ku bimenyetso n'imyitwarire y'umwana wawe bizafasha muganga wawe gusuzuma.

Mbere yo kujya kwa muganga, jya ukurikira imyanya y'imyanda n'impanuka z'umwana wawe byibuze icyumweru kimwe. Bandika kenshi bibaho, uburyo bimeze, n'ibintu byose ubona.

Zana ayo makuru igihe ugiye kwa muganga:

• Igihe impanuka zo kujya mu myenda zatangiye
• Ubwinshi bw'impanuka
• Ubwinshi busanzwe bw'imyanya y'imyanda y'umwana wawe
• Impinduka iheruka kubaho mu mirire, imikorere, cyangwa uburyo ahangayitse
• Imiti cyangwa ibindi bintu ukoresha
• Uburyo bwo kuvura wari wamaze kugerageza
• Uburyo umwana wawe yumva iyo habaye impanuka

Andika ibibazo ushaka kubabaza muganga. Ibibazo bisanzwe harimo igihe kuvura bizamara, ingaruka mbi z'imiti, n'igihe utegereza ko hagaragara impinduka.

Tegereza kuzana umwana wawe igihe ugiye kwa muganga niba afite imyaka ihagije yo kwitabira. Ibi bimufasha gusobanukirwa ko Ese ari uburwayi kandi ko mukora hamwe kugira ngo bikemuke.

Vuga ukuri ku bibazo byose muhura na byo mu rugo. Muganga wawe ashobora gutanga uburyo bundi n'ubufasha kugira ngo umuryango wawe ubashe guhangana n'iki gihe gikomeye.

Icyo ukwiye kumenya cyane kuri Ese

Ese ni uburwayi bw'umubiri bushobora kuvurwa bugira ingaruka ku bana benshi n'imiryango. Ikintu cy'ingenzi cyo kwibuka ni uko umwana wawe atakoze ibyo nkana, kandi atari ikimenyetso cy'uburyo uburere bwawe bumeze.

Hamwe no kuvura neza n'ubufasha bw'umuryango, abana benshi barakira Ese burundu. Kuvura bisanzwe bimamara amezi, ariko imiryango myinshi ibona impinduka buhoro buhoro.

Ipfundo ry'intsinzi ni kwihangana, gukomeza, no kugira uburyo bwiza bwo gushyigikira. Irinde guhana cyangwa gutuma umwana agira isoni, kuko ibyo byiyumvo bishobora kongera ikibazo no kwangiza icyizere cy'umwana wawe.

Kuvura hakiri kare bigira ingaruka nziza, bityo ntutinye gushaka ubufasha bw'abaganga niba ubona ibimenyetso bya Ese. Muganga w'umwana wawe ashobora gutanga uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura no gushyigikira umuryango wawe mu gihe cyo gukira.

Wibuke ko ubu burwayi ari bw'igihe gito. Hamwe n'igihe, kuvura, n'ubufasha bwawe, umwana wawe azasubirana ubushobozi bwo kugenzura imyanda n'icyizere.

Ibibazo byakunda kubaho kuri Ese

Q1: Ese umwana wanjye akora ibyo nkana?

Oya, abana barwaye Ese ntibakora imyanda nkana. Ubu burwayi bugizwe no gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kugenzura imyanda kubera ibyuya bikabije n'umwanda mwinshi. Umwana wawe ashobora kuba afite isoni kandi akababara kubera impanuka, kimwe nawe.

Q2: Ese kuvura Ese bimamara igihe kingana iki?

Kuvura bisanzwe bimamara amezi 6-12, nubwo bamwe mu bana bakira vuba abandi bakenera igihe kirekire. Igihe bizamara biterwa n'uburemere bw'ibyuya, igihe ikibazo kimaze, n'uburyo kuvura bikurikizwa. Imiryango myinshi ibona impinduka mu mezi make ya mbere.

Q3: Ese umwana wanjye azakira Ese adavuwe?

Ese ntiyakira ubwayo kandi ikunze kuba mibi iyo idakuweho. Iyo ikomeje igihe kirekire, birushaho kugorana kuyivura kandi bigira ingaruka ku marangamutima y'umwana. Kugira ubufasha bw'abaganga hakiri kare bigira ingaruka nziza.

Q4: Ese Ese ishobora gutera ibibazo birambye?

Hamwe no kuvura neza, Ese ikunda gukira burundu nta ngaruka zirambye. Ariko kandi, iyo idavuwe ishobora gutera ibyuya bikabije, indwara kenshi, n'ibibazo bikomeye by'amarangamutima. Ikintu cy'ingenzi ni ugukuraho hakiri kare.

Q5: Ese nkwiye guhana umwana wanjye kubera impanuka?

Ntuzigere uhana umwana kubera impanuka za Ese. Guhana bishobora kongera ikibazo kuko byongera umunaniro n'isoni. Ahubwo, fata ibintu neza, reka umwana wawe afashe mu gusukura mu buryo bukwiriye ukurikije imyaka ye, kandi ushimangire ibyiza iyo akoresheje ubwiherero neza kandi akurikiza gahunda yo kuvura.