Umwijima Waguye? Ibimenyetso, Impamvu, n'Ubuvuzi

Umwijima waguye, bizwi nka hepatomegaly mu magambo y'abaganga, bisobanura ko umwijima wawe wakuze urenze uko ukwiye kuba umeze. Ubusanzwe umwijima wawe uba munsi y'uruhande rw'iburyo rw'amaguru yawe, ariko iyo waguye, ushobora kurenga aho ukaba uboneka mu isuzuma ry'umubiri.

Iki kibazo si indwara ubwayo ahubwo ni ikimenyetso cy'ikintu kiri kugira ingaruka ku mwijima wawe. Tekereza nk'akaguru kababaye nyuma yo gukomereka - kubyimba bigutera ubwoba ko hari ikintu gikenewe kuvurwa. Umwijima wawe ushobora kuba munini kubera impamvu zitandukanye, kuva ku ndwara nto kugeza ku ndwara zikomeye zikeneye ubuvuzi.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'umwijima waguye?

Abantu benshi bafite umwijima waguye ntibabona ibimenyetso byihuse. Umwijima wawe urabasha gukora akazi ke neza nubwo uhangayitse, bityo ushobora kutamva ikintu cyahindutse mu ntangiriro.

Iyo ibimenyetso bigaragaye, bikunda kugaragara buhoro buhoro kandi bishobora kumera nk'ibindi bibazo bisanzwe by'ubuzima. Dore ibimenyetso umubiri wawe ushobora kukubwira ku bijyanye no kuba umwijima wawe waguye:

• Kumva ufite umunaniro cyangwa ikibazo mu gice cy'iburyo cy'inda
• Kubabara cyangwa kubabara munsi y'amaguru yawe y'iburyo, cyane cyane iyo ufite umwuka mwinshi
• Kumva unaniwe cyangwa ufite intege nke cyane mu gihe cy'umunsi
• Kubura ubushake bwo kurya cyangwa kumva wuzuye vuba iyo uri kurya
• Isesemi cyangwa ikibazo mu nda
• Gutakaza ibiro utiteguye
• Kubira kw'uruhu cyangwa amaso yera (jaundice)
• Kubyimbagira mu maguru, mu birenge, cyangwa mu nda
• Inkari z'umukara cyangwa umusego wera

Bamwe mu bantu bagira ibimenyetso bidafite akamaro nk'umuriro, gukorora, cyangwa guhinduka mu bwenge bwabo. Ibi bimenyetso bishobora gutandukana cyane ukurikije umuntu, kandi kugira kimwe cyangwa birebire ntibisobanura ko ufite umwijima waguye.

Ni iki gituma umwijima waguye?

Umwijima wawe ushobora kuba munini kubera impamvu nyinshi zitandukanye, kuva ku ndwara z'igihe gito kugeza ku ndwara z'igihe kirekire. Gusobanukirwa izi mpamvu bishobora kugufasha wowe na muganga wawe kubona uburyo bwiza bwo kubikemura.

Impamvu zisanzwe zituma umwijima waguye harimo indwara, ibibazo by'inzoga, n'indwara y'umwijima ufite amavuta menshi. Reka turebe impamvu zitandukanye:

• Indwara y'umwijima ufite amavuta menshi: Amavuta menshi yubakira mu mitsi y'umwijima, akenshi bijyanye n'ubunini, diyabete, cyangwa cholesterol nyinshi
• Indwara y'umwijima iterwa n'inzoga: Kunywa inzoga nyinshi buri gihe bwangiza imitsi y'umwijima buhoro buhoro
• Hepatite ya virusi: Indwara nka hepatite A, B, cyangwa C ziterwa no kwangirika kw'umwijima
• Imiti: Imiti imwe n'imwe, imiti yo kurwanya ububabare, cyangwa imiti y'ibimera ishobora kugira ingaruka ku bunini bw'umwijima
• Ibibazo by'umutima: Gucika intege kw'umutima bishobora gutuma amaraso asubira mu mwijima
• Indwara z'umubiri zidasanzwe: Ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bugaba igitero ku mitsi y'umwijima
• Indwara z'umuzuko: Indwara zirakomoka nk'indwara ya Wilson cyangwa hemochromatosis
• Cancer: Kanseri y'umwijima cyangwa kanseri yavuye mu bindi bice by'umubiri

Impamvu zidafite akamaro harimo indwara zimwe na zimwe z'imisemburo, indwara z'amaraso, cyangwa indwara nka mononucleosis. Rimwe na rimwe, abaganga bagomba gukora ibizamini byinshi kugira ngo bamenye neza icyateye ubwo bwaguka.

Ni ryari ukwiye kubona muganga kubera umwijima waguye?

Ukwiye kuvugana na muganga wawe niba ubona ibimenyetso biramba mu gice cy'iburyo cy'inda, cyane cyane niba biri kuba bibi uko bwije n'uko bucyeye. Ntugatege amatwi niba ufite ikibazo gikomeye, kuko kumenya hakiri kare bikunda gutuma ibintu bigenda neza.

Shaka ubuvuzi bw'ihutirwa niba ufite ibimenyetso bikomeye nkububabare bukomeye mu nda, umuriro mwinshi, kubira kw'uruhu cyangwa amaso, cyangwa kubyimbagira cyane mu maguru cyangwa mu nda. Ibi bimenyetso bishobora kugaragaza indwara ikomeye ikeneye kuvurwa vuba.

Ni byiza kandi kubona muganga wawe niba ufite ibyago byo kurwara indwara y'umwijima kandi ukabona ibimenyetso bito. Umuvuzi wawe ashobora kugufasha kumenya niba ibimenyetso byawe bijyanye no kuba umwijima wawe waguye cyangwa ikindi kintu.

Ni ibihe bintu byongera ibyago byo kugira umwijima waguye?

Ibintu bimwe na bimwe bishobora kongera amahirwe yo kugira umwijima waguye. Kumenya ibyo bintu bigufasha gusobanukirwa ubuzima bwawe bwite no gufata ingamba zo kwirinda igihe bishoboka.

Hari ibyago bimwe na bimwe ushobora kugenzura, mu gihe ibindi ari iby'umuzuko wawe cyangwa amateka yawe y'ubuzima. Dore ibintu by'ingenzi bishobora kongera ibyago byawe:

• Kunywisha inzoga nyinshi: Kunywa inzoga buri gihe, cyane cyane kunywa inzoga nyinshi, bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku mwijima wawe
• Ubunini: Kurenga ibiro byongera ibyago byo kugira indwara y'umwijima ufite amavuta menshi
• Diyabete: Ibiro byinshi by'isukari mu maraso bishobora gutera ibibazo by'umwijima
• Cholesterol cyangwa triglycerides nyinshi: Ibi bishobora gutera amavuta menshi mu mwijima
• Imiti imwe n'imwe: Gukoresha imiti imwe n'imwe igihe kirekire bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere y'umwijima
• Kwandura hepatite ya virusi: Guhura n'amaraso yanduye cyangwa ibintu by'umubiri
• Amateka y'umuryango: Indwara z'umuzuko zigira ingaruka ku mwijima
• Imyaka: Indwara zimwe na zimwe z'umwijima zikunda kugaragara uko ugenda ukura

Kugira kimwe cyangwa ibyago byinshi ntibisobanura ko uzagira umwijima waguye. Abantu benshi bafite ibyago ntibagira ibibazo by'umwijima, mu gihe abandi badafite ibyago bigaragara rimwe na rimwe babigira.

Ni ibihe bintu bishobora kuba ingaruka z'umwijima waguye?

Ingaruka z'umwijima waguye ziterwa ahanini n'icyo gituma waguye n'igihe kitavuwe. Imikorere myinshi y'umwijima waguye, cyane cyane iyo imenyekanye hakiri kare, ntigira ingaruka zikomeye.

Ariko, iyo umwijima waguye ukomoka ku kwangirika cyangwa indwara, ingaruka nyinshi zishobora kuvuka uko bwije n'uko bucyeye. Dore ibyashobora kubaho niba indwara idakemuwe:

• Kwibasira kw'umwijima (cirrhosis): Kwibasira kenshi bishobora gutera kwibasira biramba bigira ingaruka ku mikorere y'umwijima
• Gucika intege kw'umwijima: Mu bihe bikomeye, umwijima ushobora kutakora imirimo yawo y'ingenzi
• Hypertension ya portal: Kongera umuvuduko mu mitsi y'amaraso y'umwijima bishobora gutera ingaruka zikomeye
• Kongera ibyago by'indwara: Umwijima wangiritse ushobora kugira ikibazo cyo kurwanya indwara
• Kubika amazi: Kubyimbagira mu nda, mu maguru, cyangwa mu bindi bice by'umubiri
• Ibibazo byo kuva amaraso: Umwijima ukora poroteyine zikenewe mu gukama amaraso

Inkuru nziza ni uko ingaruka nyinshi zishobora kwirindwa cyangwa gucungwa neza uko bikwiye. Umwijima wawe ufite ubushobozi bwo gukira neza iyo uhawe amahirwe yo gukira.

Ni gute umwijima waguye wakwirindwa?

Nubwo utazi kwirinda impamvu zose zituma umwijima waguye, ushobora kugabanya ibyago byawe cyane witaye ku buzima bwawe muri rusange. Uburyo bwinshi bwiza bwo kwirinda burimo amahitamo y'ubuzima agirira akamaro umubiri wawe wose.

Intambwe y'ingenzi ni ukugabanya kunywa inzoga cyangwa kuzikuraho rwose niba uri mu kaga. Umwijima wawe utunganya inzoga nk'uburozi, bityo kumuhera ikiruhuko bifasha kwirinda ubwo bwaguka buterwa n'inzoga.

Kugira ibiro byiza binyuze mu kurya neza no gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe bishobora kwirinda indwara y'umwijima ufite amavuta menshi. Fata imbaraga mu kurya imbuto, imboga, ibinyampeke byuzuye, na poroteyine zidafite amavuta menshi mu gihe ugabanya ibiryo biteguwe n'isukari nyinshi.

Kwirinda hepatite ya virusi na byo ni ingenzi. Ibi bisobanura gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina y'umutekano, kudahana igikombe cyangwa ibintu bya buri muntu nk'amakara, no gukingirwa hepatite A na B iyo byategetswe na muganga wawe.

Kora ubwenge ku miti n'imiti y'ibimera, ufate ibyo ukeneye gusa kandi ukurikize amabwiriza yo gufata imiti neza. Buri gihe ubwira muganga wawe imiti yose n'imiti y'ibimera ufata, kuko imiti imwe n'imwe ishobora kugira ingaruka ku mwijima wawe.

Ni gute umwijima waguye upimwa?

Kumenya umwijima waguye bisanzwe bitangira muganga wawe akumva igice cy'inda mu isuzuma ry'umubiri. Akenshi ashobora kubona umwijima waguye acomeka munsi y'amaguru yawe y'iburyo kugira ngo arebe ubunini n'imiterere y'umwijima.

Niba muganga wawe akekako umwijima wawe waguye, azakora ibizamini by'amaraso kugira ngo arebe neza uko umwijima wawe ukora. Ibi bizamini bipima enzyme, poroteyine, n'ibindi bintu bigaragaza ubuzima n'imikorere y'umwijima.

Ibizamini byo kubona ishusho itanga ishusho isobanutse y'ubunini n'imiterere y'umwijima wawe. Ultrasound ikunda kuba igizamini cya mbere cyo kubona ishusho kuko ari cyiza, kidakomeretsa, kandi gitanga amakuru meza ku bunini n'imiterere y'umwijima. Muganga wawe ashobora kugutegeka CT scan cyangwa MRI kugira ngo abone ishusho irambuye.

Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, muganga wawe ashobora kugutegeka gukora biopsie y'umwijima, aho igice gito cy'umwijima gifatwa kugira ngo gipimwe. Ibi bifasha kumenya icyateye ubwo bwaguka bw'umwijima kandi bigatuma habaho imyanzuro y'ubuvuzi.

Ni iki kivura umwijima waguye?

Ubuvuzi bw'umwijima waguye bugamije gukemura icyateye ubwo bwaguka aho kuba ubwo bwaguka ubwayo. Muganga wawe azakora gahunda y'ubuvuzi ishingiye ku icyateye umwijima wawe kuba munini n'uburemere bw'indwara.

Kubera ubwo bwaguka bw'umwijima buterwa n'inzoga, ubuvuzi bw'ingenzi ni ukureka kunywa inzoga burundu. Ibi biha umwijima wawe amahirwe yo gukira no kwirinda kwangirika kurushaho. Muganga wawe ashobora kukubera umuhuza n'ibigo byo kugufasha niba ukeneye ubufasha mu guhagarika kunywa inzoga.

Niba indwara y'umwijima ufite amavuta menshi ari yo mpamvu, ubuvuzi burimo guhindura imibereho nko kugabanya ibiro buhoro buhoro, gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri, no gucunga indwara nka diyabete cyangwa cholesterol nyinshi. Ibi bihinduka bishobora guhindura indwara y'umwijima ufite amavuta menshi mu bihe byinshi.

Kubera hepatite ya virusi, muganga wawe ashobora kwandika imiti yo kurwanya virusi kugira ngo arwanye indwara agabanye kubyimba kw'umwijima. Gahunda y'ubuvuzi itandukana bitewe n'ubwoko bwa hepatite ufite.

Iyo imiti itera umwijima kuba munini, muganga wawe azakorana nawe kugira ngo abone ubundi buvuzi cyangwa ahindura umwanya wo gufata imiti. Ntuzigere uhagarika gufata imiti yagutegetswe na muganga ataguhaye uburenganzira.

Uko wacunga umwijima waguye mu rugo

Kwita ku buzima bwawe mu rugo bigira uruhare rukomeye mu gushyigikira ubuzima n'ubukire bw'umwijima wawe. Inkuru nziza ni uko byinshi muri ibyo bintu ari ibyo ushobora gutangira gukora ubu.

Fata imbaraga mu kurya indyo ifasha umwijima wawe ifite imbuto, imboga, ibinyampeke byuzuye, na poroteyine zidafite amavuta menshi. Gabanya ibiryo biteguwe, ibinyobwa byinshi by'isukari, n'ibiryo bifite amavuta menshi. Kuguma wisukura amazi menshi bifasha umwijima wawe gukora neza.

Kora imyitozo ngororamubiri isanzwe, nkuko muganga wawe yabyemeje. Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri bifasha kugabanya amavuta mu mwijima, binonosora uburyo bwo gukoresha insuline, kandi bishyigikira ubuzima bw'umwijima muri rusange. Ndetse no kugenda buri munsi bishobora kugira akamaro.

Wirinda inzoga rwose niba ari byo muganga wawe yagutegetse. Ndetse n'utudodo duto bishobora kubangamira gukira kw'umwijima iyo ufite umwijima waguye.

Kora ubwenge ku miti n'imiti y'ibimera. Soma amakuru neza, komeza umwanya wo gufata imiti, kandi wirinda gufata ibintu byinshi bifite ibintu bimwe na bimwe, cyane cyane acetaminophen.

Cunga umunaniro binyuze mu buryo bwo kuruhuka, gusinzira bihagije, n'ibikorwa ukunda. Umunaniro uhoraho ushobora kongera ibibazo byinshi by'ubuzima, harimo ibyo bigira ingaruka ku mwijima.

Uko wakwitegura igihe ugiye kwa muganga

Kwitunganya igihe ugiye kwa muganga bigufasha kugira igihe cyiza cyo kuvugana na muganga wawe. Tangira wandike ibimenyetso byawe byose, harimo igihe byatangiye n'icyo bibafasha cyangwa kibibabaza.

Kora urutonde rwuzuye rw'imiti yose, amavitamine, n'imiti y'ibimera ufata, harimo n'umwanya wo kuyifata. Ntucikwe no kwandika imiti yo mu maduka n'imiti y'ibimera, kuko nabyo bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mwijima wawe.

Kora amakuru ku mateka yawe y'ubuzima, harimo ibibazo byose by'umwijima, indwara za hepatite, cyangwa amateka y'umuryango w'indwara y'umwijima. Nanone, ube wumva ukuri ku bijyanye no kunywa inzoga - muganga wawe akeneye amakuru nyayo kugira ngo akugire inama neza.

Andika ibibazo ushaka kubabaza muganga wawe. Ibi bishobora kuba ibibazo ku bijyanye n'ibizamini ukeneye, icyateye ibimenyetso byawe, cyangwa uburyo bwo kuvura buhari.

Tegereza kuzana umuntu wo mu muryango cyangwa inshuti kugira ngo aguhe ubufasha kwibuka amakuru y'ingenzi yavuzwe mu gihe cy'isura.

Icyo ukwiye kumenya cy'ingenzi ku mwijima waguye

Umwijima waguye ni uburyo umubiri wawe ugaragaza ko hari ikintu gikenewe kuvurwa, ariko si ngombwa ko ari ikintu cyo gutinya. Abantu benshi bafite umwijima waguye bashobora gukira neza uko bikwiye bavurwa neza kandi bahindura imibereho.

Ikintu cy'ingenzi cyo kwibuka ni uko kumenya hakiri kare no kuvura bikunda gutuma ibintu bigenda neza. Umwijima wawe ufite ubushobozi bwo gukira ubwayo iyo uhawe ubufasha n'ubuvuzi bukwiye.

Gukorana na baganga bawe, gukurikiza amabwiriza y'ubuvuzi, no gufata amahitamo y'ubuzima bwiza bishobora kugufasha kurinda ubuzima bw'umwijima wawe imyaka myinshi iri imbere. Ibuka ko impinduka nto, zihoraho, akenshi zigira ingaruka nini ku buzima bwawe muri rusange.

Ibibazo byakunda kubazwa ku mwijima waguye

Ese umwijima waguye ushobora gusubira mu buryo bwawo?

Yego, mu bihe byinshi umwijima waguye ushobora gusubira mu buryo bwawo, cyane cyane iyo impamvu yabiteye imenyekanye kandi ikavurwa hakiri kare. Urugero, niba indwara y'umwijima ufite amavuta menshi cyangwa ubwo bwaguka buterwa n'inzoga bimenyekanye hakiri kare, guhagarika kunywa inzoga no guhindura imibereho bishobora gutuma umwijima ukora neza kandi ugabanuka ukagera ku bunini bwawo. Ariko, niba hari kwibasira bikomeye (cirrhosis), ubwo bwaguka bumwe bushobora kuba burundu, nubwo kwangirika kurushaho bishobora kwirindwa.

Biramba gute kugira ngo umwijima waguye ukire?

Igihe cyo gukira gitandukana cyane bitewe n'icyo cyateye ubwo bwaguka n'uburemere bwacyo. Kubera indwara y'umwijima ufite amavuta menshi, ushobora kubona impinduka mu mitsi y'umwijima mu byumweru cyangwa amezi yo guhindura imibereho, nubwo gukira burundu bishobora gufata amezi 6-12 cyangwa arenga. Muganga wawe ashobora gukurikirana aho ugeze ukoresheje ibizamini by'amaraso n'ishusho.

Ese umwijima waguye uhora ari ikintu gikomeye?

Oya. Umwijima waguye ushobora kuba ikintu gito cyangwa ikimenyetso cy'indwara ikomeye. Rimwe na rimwe biterwa n'ibibazo byoroshye kuvura nk'indwara ya virusi cyangwa ingaruka z'imiti. Ariko, bihora bikwiye gukorwaho kuko kuvura hakiri kare icyateye indwara bigatuma ibintu bigenda neza. Muganga wawe ashobora kugufasha kumenya niba ikibazo cyawe cyihariye ari ikintu cyo guhangayikishwa.

Ese ushobora kumva umwijima wawe waguye?

Ubusanzwe ntushobora kumva umwijima wawe, nubwo waguye, kuko uba munsi y'amaguru yawe. Ariko, ushobora kubona ibimenyetso nko kuzura, ikibazo, cyangwa ububabare mu gice cy'iburyo cy'inda. Bamwe mu bantu bavuga ko bumva hari ikintu kibateraho munsi y'amaguru yabo. Niba ufite ibyo bimenyetso, ni byiza kubivugana na muganga wawe, ashobora gusuzuma igice cy'inda yawe neza.

Ni ibihe biryo ukwiye kwirinda ufite umwijima waguye?

Fata imbaraga mu kwirinda inzoga rwose niba ari byo muganga wawe yagutegetse, kuko bigira ingaruka ku mwijima wawe. Gabanya ibiryo biteguwe, ibiryo byagororotse, ibiryo bifite isukari nyinshi, n'ibiryo bifite amavuta menshi. Nanone kora ubwenge ku biryo bifite ibyuma byinshi niba ufite indwara nka hemochromatosis. Ahubwo, fata imbaraga mu mbuto, imboga, ibinyampeke byuzuye, na poroteyine zidafite amavuta menshi. Muganga wawe cyangwa umuhanga mu mirire ashobora kugufasha gufata imyanzuro ku bijyanye n'ibiryo ukurikije icyateye umwijima wawe kuba munini.