Eseme ry'amaso: Ibimenyetso, Intandaro, n'Ubuvuzi

Eseme ry'amaso ni uko amaso yawe yumva yarakaye cyangwa ananiwe nyuma yo gukora cyane igihe kirekire. Ni uburyo amaso yawe aguheraho akubwira ko akeneye kuruhuka, kimwe n'uko imitsi yawe yumva nyuma yo gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri igihe kirekire.

Iyi ndwara isanzwe igaragara kuri miliyoni z'abantu buri munsi, cyane cyane abamara amasaha menshi bareba amashusho cyangwa bakora imirimo isaba kuba hafi cyane. Inkuru nziza ni uko eseme ry'amaso risanzwe riba igihe gito kandi gake cyane rigira ingaruka zirambye ku kubona kwawe.

Eseme ry'amaso ni iki?

Eseme ry'amaso ribaho iyo imitsi y'amaso yawe inaniwe kubera gukoresha cyane cyangwa igihe kirekire. Amaso yawe afite imitsi mito yihora ihindura imiterere kugira ngo igufashe kwibanda ku bintu biri ku biro bitandukanye.

Iyo iyi mitsi ikora cyane idafashe igihe gihagije cyo kuruhuka, inaniwe kandi ikaba yarakaye. Tekereza nk'aho ufite ikintu kiremereye igihe kirekire - amaherezo, imitsi y'ukuboko kwawe itangira kubabara kandi igahindagurika kubera imbaraga.

Abaganga bakunze kwita iyi ndwara “asthenopia,” ariko eseme ry'amaso ni ryo zina abantu benshi bakoresha kandi basobanukirwa. Ni ibisanzwe kandi bigaragara ku bantu b'imyaka yose, nubwo byiyongereye cyane muri iyi si y'ikoranabuhanga.

Ibimenyetso by'eseme ry'amaso ni ibihe?

Ibimenyetso by'eseme ry'amaso bishobora kuva ku kubabara gake kugeza ku bibazo bikomeye bigira ingaruka ku mirimo yawe ya buri munsi. Umubiri wawe ufite uburyo butandukanye bwo kukubwira ko amaso yawe akeneye kwitabwaho.

Ibimenyetso bisanzwe ushobora kugiramo harimo:

• Amaso akunze kunanirwa, akaba aremereye cyangwa ababara, akumva nk'aho akeneye gufunga
• Amaso yumye cyangwa arimo amarira, akumva nk'aho akorogowe cyangwa arakaze
• Kubona bidafatika cyangwa kubona ibintu bibiri, bikagenda bikagenda
• Uburwayi bw'umutwe, cyane cyane mu gahanga no mu gice cy'uruhande rw'umutwe
• Kubabara mu ijosi, mu bitugu cyangwa mu mugongo kubera imyanya mibi iyo wibanda
• Kugira ubwumva bukabije bw'umucyo cyangwa urumuri rukabije
• Kugira ikibazo cyo kwibanda cyangwa guhumeka kenshi

Bamwe mu bantu banumva amaso yabo ameze nk'aho arimo umucanga cyangwa nk'aho hari ikintu kirimo. Ushobora gusanga ukunda gukorakora amaso yawe cyangwa ugira ikibazo cyo kuyabika afunguye.

Ibi bimenyetso bisanzwe bigenda bigaragara buhoro buhoro mu gihe cy'umunsi kandi bikarushaho kuba bibi uko ukomeza igikorwa cyateye ubwo burwayi. Ubukana bwabyo bushobora gutandukana ukurikije umuntu, kandi biterwa n'igihe umaze ukoresha amaso yawe cyane.

Eseme ry'amaso rikomoka he?

Eseme ry'amaso ribaho iyo amaso yawe akora cyane kurusha uko bisanzwe kugira ngo abone neza kandi abashe kwibanda. Ibikorwa byinshi bya buri munsi n'ibintu by'ibidukikije bishobora gutera iyi mitsi y'amaso gukora cyane.

Intandaro zisanzwe harimo:

• Kureba amashusho y'ikoranabuhanga igihe kirekire utabanje kuruhuka
• Gusoma amagambo mato cyangwa gukora imirimo isaba ubwitonzi mu mucyo muke
• Gutwara imodoka intera ndende, cyane cyane nijoro cyangwa mu zuba rikomeye
• Kwibanda ku bintu biri ku buriro bumwe igihe kirekire
• Kugira umucyo mwinshi, urumuri rukabije cyangwa amashusho adahumeka
• Gukora mu myanya yumye, ifite air condition
• Kugira ibibazo byo kubona bitavuwe nka myopie cyangwa astigmatism

Ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga bigoye cyane amaso yawe kuko bitanga urumuri rwera kandi bigatuma uhindagurika amaso gake. Iyo wibanda ku mashusho, umuvuduko wo guhindagurika amaso ushobora kugabanuka kugeza kuri 60%, bigatuma amaso yumye kandi arakaze.

Imiteguro mibi iyo ukoresha ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga na byo bishobora gutera eseme ry'amaso. Iyo uhindagurika imbere cyangwa ugakomanga umutwe mu buryo budakwiye, uba usunika amaso yawe gukora cyane kugira ngo akomeze kwibanda neza no guhuza.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga kubera eseme ry'amaso?

Eseme ry'amaso risanzwe rikira ubwaryo ukoresheje kuruhuka no guhindura imibereho yawe. Ariko rero, hari igihe biba bikenewe gushaka ubufasha bw'abaganga.

Wagomba kuvugana na muganga wawe cyangwa umuganga wita ku maso iyo ugize:

• Eseme ry'amaso rihoraho ritakira n'ubwo uruhuka
• Kubabara cyane kw'amaso cyangwa ububabare bw'umutwe butunguranye
• Guhinduka bikomeye mu kubona kwawe, nko kubona bidafatika buhoraho
• Kubona ibintu bibiri bidashira
• Ibimenyetso by'amaso bifatanije n'iseseme cyangwa guhindagurika
• Ibisohora mu maso yawe cyangwa ibimenyetso by'indwara

Byongeye kandi, niba ibimenyetso by'eseme ry'amaso bigira ingaruka ku mirimo yawe ya buri munsi cyangwa ku mikorere yawe, ni byiza gukora isuzuma ry'amaso. Rimwe na rimwe ibyo bigaragara nk'eseme ry'amaso risanzwe bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'ikibazo cyo kubona gikwiye kuvurwa.

Isuzuma ry'amaso buri gihe ni ingenzi cyane niba utarakorewe isuzuma mu myaka irenga ibiri cyangwa niba ufite ibimenyetso bishya bikubangamiye.

Ibyago byo kurwara eseme ry'amaso ni ibihe?

Hari ibintu bimwe bishobora gutuma ugira ibyago byinshi byo kurwara eseme ry'amaso cyangwa ukabona bikomeye. Gusobanukirwa ibyo byago bishobora kugufasha gufata ingamba zo kwirinda.

Ushobora kuba ufite ibyago byinshi niba:

• Utamara amasaha arenga abiri buri munsi ureba amashusho y'ikoranabuhanga
• Ufite ibibazo byo kubona bitavuwe nka myopie, hypermétropie cyangwa astigmatism
• Ukorera mu myanya ifite umucyo muke cyangwa urumuri rukabije
• Ufite imyaka irenga 50, kuko ubushobozi bwo kwibanda bugabanuka uko umuntu akura
• Ufashe imiti imwe ishobora gutera amaso yumye
• Ufite indwara yumye y'amaso cyangwa izindi ndwara z'amaso
• Ukorera mu myanya ifite air condition cyangwa ubushyuhe buteye amaso yumye

Imyaka igira uruhare rukomeye kuko ubushobozi bw'amaso yawe bwo kwibanda bugabanuka uko umwanya ugendana. Iyi ndwara, yitwa presbyopie, isanzwe itangira mu myaka yawe ya 40 kandi ituma imirimo isaba kuba hafi iba ingorabahizi.

Hari imirimo imwe na imwe ifite ibyago byinshi, harimo abakozi bo mu biro, abashushanya, abarimu, n'undi wese ukora imirimo isaba ubwitonzi. Ariko rero, hakoreshejwe ingamba zikwiye, abantu bari muri iyo mirimo bashobora kugabanya ibyago byabo cyane.

Ingaruka zishoboka z'eseme ry'amaso ni izihe?

Eseme ry'amaso ubwaryo gake cyane rigira ingaruka zikomeye cyangwa zirambye ku maso yawe. Ariko rero, eseme ry'amaso rihoraho rishobora gutera ingaruka zimwe na zimwe zigira ingaruka ku mibereho yawe no ku mibereho yawe.

Ingaruka zishoboka harimo:

• Uburwayi bw'umutwe buhoraho bugira ingaruka ku mirimo ya buri munsi
• Ibimenyetso by'amaso yumye bihoraho bisaba kuvurwa buri gihe
• Ikibazo cyo kwibanda mu kazi cyangwa mu ishuri
• Kubura ibitotsi kubera kubabara kw'amaso
• Ubwumva bukabije bw'umucyo budashira
• Umuvuduko w'imitsi no kubabara mu ijosi, mu bitugu no mu mugongo

Mu bihe bidafatika, eseme ry'amaso rikomeye kandi rihoraho rishobora guhisha ibibazo byo kubona bikwiye kuvurwa n'abaganga. Iyo bitavuwe, ibyo bibazo bishobora kurushaho kuba bibi uko igihe kigenda.

Inkuru nziza ni uko izi ngaruka zishobora kwirindwa cyane hakoreshejwe imyifatire myiza yo kwita ku maso no kuruhuka buri gihe mu mirimo isaba amaso gukora cyane. Abantu benshi basanga bagabanyije ububabare iyo bakemuye intandaro y'eseme ry'amaso.

Eseme ry'amaso rishobora kwirindwa gute?

Kwiringira eseme ry'amaso akenshi biroroshye kurusha kuvura iyo rimaze kubaho. Guhindura utuntu duto mu mibereho yawe ya buri munsi n'aho ukora bishobora kugira uruhare rukomeye mu mibereho y'amaso yawe.

Dore ingamba zikomeye zo kwirinda:

• Kugendera ku mabwiriza ya 20-20-20: buri minota 20, reba ikintu kiri kuri metero 6 mu gihe cy'amasegonda 20
• Kugira umucyo uhagije iyo usoma cyangwa ukorera, ukirinda urumuri rukabije ku mashusho
• Gushyira ecran yawe ya mudasobwa kuri santimetero 50-60 uvuye mu maso yawe
• Guhindura urumuri rw'ecran kugira ngo ruhuze n'aho ukora
• Guhindagurika amaso kenshi kandi uzirikana kugira ngo amaso yawe akomeze atonyanga
• Gukoresha amarira y'imiti niba amaso yawe yumye
• Kuruhuka buri gihe mu mirimo isaba kuba hafi

Aho ukora ni ingenzi mu kwirinda. Ecran yawe igomba kuba hasi gato y'amaso yawe, kandi ukaba ushobora kuyireba utabanje gukomanga umutwe hejuru cyangwa hasi.

Tegura gukoresha humidifier niba ukorera mu myanya yumye, kandi wirinde guhora unywa amazi. Ibi bintu byoroshye bishobora kugabanya cyane ibyago byo kugira ibimenyetso by'eseme ry'amaso.

Eseme ry'amaso ripima gute?

Kumenya eseme ry'amaso bisanzwe bisaba gusuzuma ibimenyetso byawe n'isuzuma ry'amaso ryuzuye. Umuganga wita ku maso aza gushaka gusobanukirwa imirimo yawe ya buri munsi n'aho ukora.

Mu gihe cy'isuzumwa ryawe, muganga wawe ashobora:

• Kubabaza ibibazo byinshi ku bimenyetso byawe n'igihe bibaho
• Kureba aho ukora n'igihe umara ureba amashusho
• Kugerageza ubushobozi bwawe bwo kubona n'ubwo kwibanda
• Kureba niba hari ibibazo byo kubona cyangwa indwara z'amaso
• Kureba ubuzima bw'umusozi w'amaso yawe n'umusaruro w'amarira
• Kureba uko imitsi y'amaso yawe ihuza n'uko igenda

Muganga wawe ashobora no kukusaba kwerekana uko usanzwe ukoresha mudasobwa yawe cyangwa ibitabo. Ibi bimufasha kumenya imyanya mibi cyangwa imyanya idakwiye ishobora gutera ibyo bimenyetso.

Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, ibizamini byihariye bishobora kuba bikenewe kugira ngo habeho gukuraho izindi ndwara cyangwa gupima umusaruro w'amarira yawe niba ukekwaho kugira amaso yumye. Igikorwa cyo gupima gisanzwe kiroroshye kandi nta bubabare.

Eseme ry'amaso rivuza gute?

Kuvura eseme ry'amaso bibanda ku kuruhuka amaso yawe no gukemura intandaro y'ubwo burwayi. Ibi bibazo byinshi bisubira mu buryo hakoreshejwe uburyo bworoshye ushobora gukoresha mu rugo.

Uburyo busanzwe bwo kuvura harimo:

• Kuruhuka buri gihe mu mirimo isaba amaso gukora cyane kugira ngo uruhuke amaso
• Gukoresha amarira y'imiti kugira ngo urwanye ubumye n'uburakaze
• Guhindura aho ukora n'aho ecran yawe iri
• Kwambara ibyuma by'amaso byo kuri mudasobwa cyangwa ibyuma byo kurinda urumuri rwera
• Kuvura ibibazo byo kubona hakoreshejwe ibyuma by'amaso cyangwa lenti
• Gukoresha ibintu bishyushye kugira ngo uruhuke imitsi y'amaso yananiwe

Niba ufite ikibazo cyo kubona, kubona ibyuma by'amaso bikwiye cyangwa lenti akenshi bitanga ihumure ryihuse. Abantu benshi ntibabona ko guhinduka gato mu kubona bishobora gutera eseme ry'amaso rikomeye.

Ku bibazo bikomeye, muganga wawe ashobora kugutegurira ibyuma by'amaso byo kuri mudasobwa cyangwa akugira inama yo guhindura aho ukora. Ibyo bivura bisanzwe bifite akamaro iyo bifatanije n'imyifatire myiza yo kwita ku maso.

Uburyo bwo guhangana n'eseme ry'amaso mu rugo?

Guhangana n'eseme ry'amaso mu rugo bisaba kugira imyifatire myiza yo kwita ku maso n'aho ukora bigafasha amaso yawe guhora meze neza. Guhindura utuntu duto bishobora kugira uruhare rukomeye mu buryo amaso yawe yumva.

Ingamba zikomeye zo guhangana mu rugo harimo:

• Kugira aho ukora heza, hafite umucyo uhagije n'aho ecran yawe iri
• Gukoresha amabwiriza ya 20-20-20 buri gihe mu gihe cy'umunsi
• Gushyira ibintu bishyushye, binyoze ku maso yafunze mu gihe cy'iminota 5-10
• Kunywa amazi ahagije no gukoresha humidifier mu myanya yumye
• Gukora imyitozo yo kuruhuka kugira ngo ugabanye umuvuduko muri rusange
• Kuryama bihagije kugira ngo amaso yawe aruhuke kandi yongere imbaraga

Witondere uko umwuka uri mu myanya yawe n'uko utembera. Ibyuka cyangwa ibyuka byo mu myanya bikubita mu maso bishobora gutera amaso yawe yumye kandi bikarushaho kuba bibi.

Tegura kugabanya urumuri rukomeye rwo hejuru no gukoresha urumuri rwo mu kazi aho. Intego ni ugukora urumuri ruhoraho, ruhuza, rudatera urumuri rukabije cyangwa itandukaniro rikomeye ritera amaso yawe gukora cyane.

Wategura gute isuzumwa ryawe kwa muganga?

Gutegura isuzumwa ryawe kwa muganga wita ku maso bigufasha kubona isuzuma ryiza kandi uburyo bwiza bwo kuvurwa. Gutegura neza bigufasha kwizigama igihe kandi bigafasha muganga wawe gusobanukirwa neza ibyawe.

Mbere y'isuzumwa ryawe:

• Kwandika ibimenyetso byawe, ukandika igihe bibaho n'ibibitera
• Kwandika imiti yose n'ibindi ufashe
• Kuzana ibyuma byawe by'amaso cyangwa lenti
• Kwandika ibibazo ku bimenyetso byawe cyangwa uburyo bwo kuvura
• Kwandika igihe umara ureba amashusho n'imirimo yawe ya buri munsi
• Kuzana urutonde rw'izindi ndwara ufite

Tekereza ku myanya yawe y'akazi kandi utegure gusobanura umunsi wawe. Shyiramo amakuru yerekeye umucyo, intera y'ecran, n'igihe umara ukorera utabanje kuruhuka.

Niba bishoboka, zuza amafoto y'aho ukora cyangwa utegure gusobanura neza. Aya makuru afasha muganga wawe kumenya ibintu by'ibidukikije bishobora gutera eseme ry'amaso.

Icyo ukwiye kumenya cyane ku eseme ry'amaso

Eseme ry'amaso ni indwara isanzwe, ishobora kuvurwa, kandi gake cyane igira ingaruka zirambye ku kubona kwawe. Ukoresheje uburyo bukwiye, abantu benshi bashobora kubona ihumure rikomeye no kwirinda ibindi bibazo.

Ikintu cy'ingenzi cyo kwibuka ni uko amaso yawe akeneye kuruhuka buri gihe, kimwe n'izindi ngingo z'umubiri wawe zikora cyane. Imikorere myiza nko gukurikiza amabwiriza ya 20-20-20 n'aho ukora neza bishobora kwirinda ibibazo byinshi by'eseme ry'amaso.

Niba ufite ibimenyetso bihoraho bidakira n'ubwo uruhuka kandi witabwaho, ntutinye kujya kwa muganga wita ku maso. Rimwe na rimwe ibyo bigaragara nk'eseme ry'amaso risanzwe ni ikibazo cyo kubona gishobora kuvurwa byoroshye.

Kwita ku maso yawe ni ugushora imari mu mibereho yawe myiza n'umusaruro wawe mu gihe kirekire. Ukoresheje impinduka nke mu mibereho yawe ya buri munsi, ushobora gutuma amaso yawe akomeza kumera neza kandi akaruhuka imyaka myinshi iri imbere.

Ibibazo bikunze kubaho ku eseme ry'amaso

Ese eseme ry'amaso rishobora gutera ingaruka zirambye ku kubona kwanjye?

Oya, eseme ry'amaso ubwaryo ntiritera ingaruka zirambye ku kubona kwawe. Ariko rero, bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'ibibazo byo kubona bikwiye kwitabwaho. Niba ufite ibimenyetso bihoraho, ni byiza gukora isuzuma ry'amaso kugira ngo habeho gukuraho indwara zishobora kurushaho kuba mbi zitavuwe.

Eseme ry'amaso rimara igihe kingana iki kugira ngo rikare?

Ibimenyetso byinshi by'eseme ry'amaso bikira mu masaha make ukoresheje kuruhuka amaso. Niba uruhuka buri gihe kandi ukemura intandaro yabyo, ugomba kubona impinduka mu munsi umwe cyangwa ibiri. Ibimenyetso bihoraho bimara igihe kirenga icyumweru bisaba kujya kwa muganga wita ku maso.

Ese ibyuma by'amaso byo kuri mudasobwa bifasha koko mu eseme ry'amaso?

Ibyuma by'amaso byo kuri mudasobwa bishobora gufasha bamwe mu bantu, cyane cyane abamara amasaha menshi bareba amashusho. Bisanzwe bifite uburyo bwo kurinda urumuri rukabije kandi bishobora kurinda urumuri rwera. Ariko rero, gushyira ecran neza, umucyo, no kuruhuka buri gihe bisanzwe bifite akamaro kurusha ibyuma by'amaso gusa.

Ese eseme ry'amaso risanzwe rigaragara ubu kurusha mbere?

Yego, eseme ry'amaso ryiyongereye cyane kubera igihe kinini cyo kureba amashusho n'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga. Umuntu usanzwe ubu amara amasaha 7-10 buri munsi areba amashusho, ibyo bikaba ari impinduka ikomeye ugereranyije n'abantu bo mu bihe byashize. Ibi bituma kwita ku maso biba ingenzi kurusha ikindi gihe cyose.

Ese abana bashobora kurwara eseme ry'amaso kubera kureba amashusho igihe kinini?

Yego rwose. Abana bashobora kurwara eseme ry'amaso kimwe n'abakuze, kandi bashobora kugira ikibazo cyo gusobanura ibimenyetso byabo neza. Reba ibimenyetso nko gukorakora amaso kenshi, kwandika ko amaso yananiwe, ububabare bw'umutwe, cyangwa ikibazo cyo kwibanda. Kwigisha abana imyifatire myiza yo kureba amashusho hakiri kare bifasha kwirinda ibibazo mu gihe kiri imbere.