Ese Kugwa Kw’Ihumure (Febrile Seizure) Ni Iki? Ibimenyetso, Intandaro, n’Uko Bivurwa

Ese kugwa kw’ihumure ni uguhindagurika kw’umubiri kubaho iyo ubushyuhe bw’umwana buzamutse vuba, akenshi mu gihe afite umuriro. Ibi bigwa ni bimenyerewe cyane kandi bigira ingaruka ku bana bagera kuri umwe kuri 25 bari hagati y’amezi 6 n’imyaka 5. Nubwo kubona umwana wawe agwa bishobora gutera ubwoba, ibigwa byinshi by’ihumure nta ngaruka mbi bigira kandi ntibigira ibibazo birambye.

Ese Kugwa Kw’Ihumure Ni Iki?

Kugwa kw’ihumure kubaho iyo ubwonko bw’umwana bwa nyuma butabona neza kubera ubushyuhe bwihuta bw’umubiri. Utekereza nk’umuyoboro w’amashanyarazi uhagarara iyo hari ibikorwa byinshi by’amashanyarazi. Ubwonko bukiri gutera imbere mu bana bato buragira ubushobozi bwo guhindura ubushyuhe, ariyo mpamvu ibi bigwa bibaho mbere y’imyaka 6.

Ibi bigwa bisanzwe biba hagati y’amasegonda 30 kugeza ku minota 2, nubwo bishobora kumara igihe kirekire iyo uri kubireba. Umwana wawe ashobora gukomera, akubita amaboko n’amaguru, agasubiza amaso inyuma, cyangwa akabura ubwenge gato. Abana benshi barakira mu minota mike kandi bagakora nk’ibisanzwe nyuma yaho.

Ibimenyetso Byo Kugwa Kw’Ihumure Ni Ibihe?

Ibimenyetso bishobora gutandukana bitewe n’ubwoko bw’ikigwa cy’ihumure umwana wawe afite. Ababyeyi benshi bavuga ko bumva badashoboye kandi batinya iyo babonye ibi bimenyetso bwa mbere, kandi ibyo ni byo.

Ibigwa byoroshye by’ihumure (ubwoko bumenyerewe cyane) bigaragaza ibi bimenyetso:

• Umuviriro wose ukomera ukakurikirwa n’imihindagurikire y’umubiri
• Kubura ubwenge iminota 1-2
• Amaso asubira inyuma cyangwa kureba ubusa
• Ubwirabura buto cyangwa gusinzira nyuma yaho
• Kudafite intege cyangwa ibibazo birambye

Ibigwa bigoye by’ihumure ni bike ariko bihangayikishije:

• Ibigwa bimara iminota irenga 15
• Bigira ingaruka ku gice kimwe cy’umubiri
• Kubaho inshuro nyinshi mu masaha 24
• Gutakaza igihe kirekire kugira ngo agaruke mu bwenge busanzwe

Nyuma y’ikigwa icyo ari cyo cyose cy’ihumure, umwana wawe ashobora kumva ananiwe, atari mu bwenge, cyangwa arakaye mu minota igera kuri 30. Ibyo ni ibisanzwe kandi ntibisobanura ko hari ikibazo mu bwonko bwe.

Amoko Y’Ibigwa By’Ihumure Ni Ayahe?

Abaganga bagabanya ibigwa by’ihumure mubwoko bubiri bushingiye ku buryo bigaragara n’igihe bimara. Gusobanukirwa itandukaniro ryabyo bishobora kugufasha kumenya icyo witeze kandi igihe ukwiye gushaka ubufasha bw’ubuvuzi.

Ibigwa byoroshye by’ihumure bigize hafi 85% by’ibyabaye byose. Bita “byoroshye” kuko bikurikiza uburyo busanzwe kandi bike cyane bigira ingaruka mbi. Ibi bigwa bigira ingaruka ku mubiri wose, bimara iminota iri munsi ya 15, kandi ntibisubira mu masaha 24.

Ibigwa bigoye by’ihumure ni bike ariko bisaba kwitabwaho cyane. Bimara iminota irenga 15, bigira ingaruka ku ruhande rumwe rw’umubiri, cyangwa bibaho inshuro nyinshi mu munsi umwe. Nubwo muri rusange ari byiza, ibigwa bigoye bifite amahirwe make yo gutera ibibazo by’ikigwa mu gihe kizaza.

Ese Iki Gitera Ibigwa By’Ihumure?

Ikintu nyamukuru kibitera ni ukwihuta kw’ubushyuhe bw’umubiri w’umwana wawe, akenshi iyo umuriro uzamutse vuba uvuye ku busanzwe ukagera kuri 101°F (38.3°C) cyangwa hejuru. Si uburebure bw’umuriro ari bwo bukomeye, ahubwo ni uburyo buzamuka.

Indwara zisanzwe zishobora gutera ibigwa by’ihumure harimo:

• Indwara ziterwa na virusi nka grippe, imitego, cyangwa roseola
• Umuhogo
• Umuhogo
• Grippe y’igifu
• Pneumonia
• Indwara z’inzira y’umusemburo

Rimwe na rimwe inkingo zishobora gutera umuriro utera ibigwa, cyane cyane urukingo rwa MMR (igicurane, ibibyimba, rubella). Ibi bibaho ku bana bagera kuri umwe kuri 3,000 kugeza kuri 4,000 kandi bisanzwe bibaho nyuma y’iminsi 8-14 nyuma yo gukingira.

Mu bihe bitoroshye, indwara zikomeye nka meningitis cyangwa encephalitis zishobora gutera ibigwa by’ihumure. Ariko, izi ndwara zisanzwe zifite ibimenyetso by’umubiri byiyongereye nka kubabara cyane umutwe, gukomera kw’ijosi, cyangwa kugira ubunebwe bukabije.

Ni Ryari Ukwiye Kubona Muganga Kubera Ibigwa By’Ihumure?

Hamagara 911 ako kanya niba umwana wawe ari kugwa bwa mbere, niba bimara iminota irenga 5, cyangwa niba agira ikibazo cyo guhumeka. Nubwo ibigwa byinshi by’ihumure ari nta ngaruka, ukeneye isuzuma ry’abaganga kugira ngo uhagarike impamvu zikomeye.

Shaka ubufasha bw’ubuvuzi ako kanya niba umwana wawe agaragaza ibi bimenyetso:

• Ibigwa bimara iminota irenga 5
• Gukoma guhumeka cyangwa iminwa y’ubururu
• Ubunebwe bukabije nyuma y’ikigwa
• Gukomera kw’ijosi cyangwa kubabara cyane umutwe
• Kuruka inshuro nyinshi
• Ibimenyetso byo gukama

Suhuza na muganga wawe mu masaha 24 kubera ikigwa icyo ari cyo cyose cy’ihumure, nubwo umwana wawe asa neza nyuma yaho. Bazashaka gusuzuma umwana wawe no kumenya icyateye umuriro.

Kubera ibigwa by’ihumure mu bana babigize mbere, ntabwo ukeneye ubufasha bw’ubuvuzi keretse ibigwa bimara igihe kirekire ugereranije cyangwa umwana wawe asa n’umurwaye kurusha mbere.

Ibyago Byo Kugwa Kw’Ihumure Ni Ibihe?

Ibintu byinshi bishobora gutuma umwana wawe afite amahirwe yo kugira ibigwa by’ihumure. Gusobanukirwa ibyago bishobora kugufasha kwitegura, ariko ujye wibuka ko abana benshi bafite ibyago ntibagwe.

Ibyago bikomeye harimo:

• Imyaka iri hagati y’amezi 6 n’imyaka 5 (ikigero cy’ibyago ni amezi 12-18)
• Amateka y’umuryango w’ibigwa by’ihumure mu babyeyi cyangwa abavandimwe
• Ibigwa by’ihumure byabayeho mbere
• Kwitabira ishuri ry’abana (kwandura indwara nyinshi)
• Gutinda gutera imbere
• Kuvuka imburagihe

Kugira amateka y’umuryango ni ingenzi cyane. Niba wowe cyangwa uwo mwashakanye mwagize ibigwa by’ihumure mu bwana, umwana wawe afite amahirwe agera kuri 25% yo kubigira. Niba ababyeyi bombi bagize ibigwa by’ihumure, ibyago bizamuka kugeza kuri 50%.

Abana bagira ikigwa cyabo cya mbere cy’ihumure mbere y’umwaka umwe cyangwa abafite ibigwa bigoye by’ihumure bafite amahirwe yo kugira ibindi bigwa mu gihe kizaza.

Ingaruka Zishoboka Z’Ibigwa By’Ihumure Ni Izihe?

Inkuru nziza ni uko ibigwa by’ihumure bike cyane bigira ingaruka birambye cyangwa kwangirika kw’ubwonko. Abana benshi bagira ibigwa by’ihumure bakura neza nta ngaruka ku myigire yabo, imyitwarire, cyangwa iterambere.

Ariko, hari impungenge zimwe na zimwe ukwiye kumenya:

• Ibyago byo gukomereka mu gihe cy’ikigwa kubera kugwa cyangwa gukubita ibintu
• Ibyago bike byo kugira indwara y’ikigwa mu gihe kizaza (hafi 2-5% ugereranije na 1% mu baturage muri rusange)
• Gusubira kw’ibigwa by’ihumure hamwe n’umuriro mu gihe kizaza
• Ibibazo by’igihe gito byo kwibuka cyangwa gucika intege nyuma y’ibigwa bigoye
• Ubwoba bw’ababyeyi ku muriro n’indwara mu gihe kizaza

Ibyago byo kugira indwara y’ikigwa ni byinshi niba umwana wawe afite ibigwa bigoye by’ihumure, amateka y’umuryango w’indwara y’ikigwa, cyangwa gutinda gutera imbere. Nubwo bimeze bityo, abana benshi ntibagira ibibazo by’ikigwa gikomeza.

Mu bihe bitoroshye cyane, ibigwa by’ihumure bikomeye (bimara iminota irenga 30) bishobora gutera impinduka mu bwonko, ariko ibi ni bike cyane hamwe no kuvurwa neza.

Ese Ibigwa By’Ihumure Bishobora Gukumirwa Bite?

Ikibabaje ni uko ntushobora gukumira burundu ibigwa by’ihumure kuko biterwa n’uburyo bw’umwana wawe bwo kurwanya indwara. Ariko, ushobora gufata ingamba zo kugabanya umuriro kandi ugashobora kugabanya ibyago.

Iyo umwana wawe afite umuriro, aya mayeri ashobora gufasha:

• Guha imiti igabanya umuriro nka acetaminophen cyangwa ibuprofen nk’uko byategetswe
• Komeza umwana wawe afite amazi ahagije
• Mwambike imyenda yoroheje
• Koresha amazi ashyushye cyangwa amazi ashyushye (wirinda ubukonje cyangwa inzoga)
• Komeza ubushyuhe bw’icyumba buri mu rugero
• Kureba ubushyuhe buhoraho

Jya wibuka ko gukumira umuriro ntibihamye gukumira ibigwa, kuko ikigwa kenshi bibaho iyo umuriro uri kuzamuka, rimwe na rimwe mbere yuko uzi ko umwana wawe arwaye.

Bamwe mu baganga bashobora kwandika imiti igabanya ibigwa ku bana bafite ibigwa byinshi bigoye by’ihumure, ariko ibi ntibikenewe cyane kandi bifite ibyago n’ingaruka mbi.

Ese Ibigwa By’Ihumure Bivurwa Bite?

Ibigwa byinshi by’ihumure bihagarara byonyine mu minota mike kandi ntibisaba kuvurwa byihariye. Ikintu nyamukuru ni ukwita ku ndwara yateye kandi ukomeza umwana wawe ameze neza.

Mu gihe cy’ikigwa, ikintu cy’ingenzi ni ukurinda umwana wawe. Mumushyire ku ruhande, ukureho ibintu bikomeye, kandi ntukagire icyo ushyira mu kanwa ke. Pima igihe cy’ikigwa kandi ugume utuje, nubwo ari ubwoba.

Nyuma y’ikigwa, kuvura bisanzwe birimo:

• Imiti igabanya umuriro (acetaminophen cyangwa ibuprofen)
• Antibiyotike niba hari indwara y’ububare
• Amazi ahagije n’ikiruhuko
• Kureba hafi kugira ngo habeho ibindi bigwa
• Kuvura indwara yateye umuriro

Ku bana bafite ibigwa byinshi bigoye by’ihumure, abaganga bashobora gutekereza ku miti yo gukumira, ariko icyemezo gisaba kuzirikana neza inyungu ugereranije n’ibyago.

Imiti yo mu bitaro nka rectal diazepam ishobora kwandikwa ku bana bafite ibigwa birekire, nubwo ibi ari bike.

Uko Wahereza Ubufasha Mu Rugo Mu Gihe Cy’Ibigwa By’Ihumure

Kumenya uburyo bwo gusubiza mu gihe cy’ikigwa cy’ihumure no nyuma yaho bishobora kugufasha kuguma utuje kandi ukurinda umwana wawe. Ubufasha bwawe buzaba bushingiye ku gukurikirana umuriro no kureba ibimenyetso by’indwara yateye.

Mu gihe cy’ikigwa, jya wibuka aya ntambwe:

• Gume utuje kandi upime igihe cy’ikigwa
• Shyira umwana wawe ku ruhande kugira ngo wirinde guhumeka
• Kuraho ibintu bikomeye
• Ntukagire icyo ushyira mu kanwa ke
• Ntugerageze kumufata cyangwa guhagarika imyifatire
• Hamagara 911 niba ari ikigwa cya mbere cyangwa kimaze iminota irenga 5

Nyuma y’ikigwa, shyira imbaraga mu guhumuriza no gukurikirana umuriro. Fata imiti igabanya umuriro nk’uko byategetswe, utange amazi make, kandi reka umwana wawe aruhuke. Komeza icyumba gikonje kandi giteganijwe.

Kureba ibimenyetso bisaba ubufasha bw’ubuvuzi ako kanya, nko kugira ikibazo cyo guhumeka, ubunebwe bukabije, cyangwa kuruka inshuro nyinshi. Abana benshi bazasubira mu buzima bwabo busanzwe mu isaha imwe.

Uko Wakwitegura Kugendera kwa Muganga

Kwitegura uruzinduko rwa muganga bishobora kugufasha guhamya ko ubonye amakuru n’ubuvuzi umwana wawe akeneye. Andika ibyo wabonye mu gihe bikiri bishya mu mutwe wawe.

Mbere y’uruzinduko rwawe, kora ibi bikurikira:

• Igihe nyacyo n’igihe cy’ikigwa
• Uburyo ikigwa cyari kimeze
• Ubushyuhe bw’umwana wawe mbere, mu gihe cyacyo, na nyuma yaho
• Uko umwana wawe yitwaye mbere na nyuma y’ikigwa
• Imiti yose yahawe n’igihe
• Amateka y’umuryango w’ibigwa by’ihumure cyangwa indwara y’ikigwa

Zana urutonde rw’ibibazo ushaka kubabaza, nko kumenya icyo witeze niba hari ikindi kigwa kibaye, igihe ugomba guhamagara muganga, cyangwa uburyo bwo gucunga umuriro mu gihe kizaza.

Niba bishoboka, zana imiti yose umwana wawe ari gufata n’ibikoresho bye byo gukingira. Aya makuru afasha muganga wawe gufata ibyemezo byiza byo kuvura.

Icyo Ugomba Kumenya Ku Bigwa By’Ihumure

Ibigwa by’ihumure biterwa ubwoba kubireba ariko bike cyane bigira ingaruka ku buzima bw’umwana wawe n’iterambere rye. Ni ikintu gisanzwe mu bana benshi bakuramo ku myaka 6.

Nubwo udashobora gukumira ibigwa byose by’ihumure, gucunga umuriro vuba no kumenya uburyo bwo gusubiza mu gihe cy’ikigwa bishobora kugufasha kurinda umwana wawe. Abana benshi bagira ibigwa by’ihumure bakura nta ngaruka.

Jya wibuka ko kugira ibigwa by’ihumure ntibisobanura ko umwana wawe afite indwara y’ikigwa cyangwa azagira ibibazo byo kwiga. Hamwe no kuvurwa neza n’ubufasha bwawe bwuje urukundo, umwana wawe ashobora gukomeza gutera imbere no gutera imbere neza.

Gira icyizere icyemezo cyawe nk’umubyeyi. Niba hari ikintu kidasanzwe cyangwa gikubangamira ku bigwa by’umwana wawe cyangwa gukira, ntutinye kuvugana n’umuganga wawe kugira ngo ubone ubuyobozi n’ihumure.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa Ku Bigwa By’Ihumure

Q1: Ese umwana wanjye azangirika ubwonko kubera ibigwa by’ihumure?

Ibigwa byoroshye by’ihumure ntibyangiza ubwonko cyangwa ntibigira ingaruka ku bwenge bw’umwana wawe, ubushobozi bwo kwiga, cyangwa iterambere. Nubwo ibigwa bigoye by’ihumure bike cyane bigira ingaruka birambye. Ubwonko bw’umwana wawe bwakozwe kugira ngo buhangane n’ibi bihe bigufi nta ngaruka ziramba.

Q2: Niba umwana wanjye agize ikigwa kimwe cy’ihumure, azagira ibindi?

Hagati ya 30-40% by’abana bagira ikigwa kimwe cy’ihumure bazagira ikindi hamwe n’umuriro mu gihe kizaza. Ariko, abana benshi bahagarara kugira ibigwa by’ihumure ku myaka 6 ubwabo bumaze gukura. Kugira ibigwa byinshi by’ihumure ntibyongera ibyago byo kwangirika kw’ubwonko.

Q3: Ese nkwiye guha umwana wanjye imiti igabanya umuriro kugira ngo nkumire ibigwa?

Nubwo imiti igabanya umuriro ishobora gutuma umwana wawe ameze neza, ntiyibuza ibigwa by’ihumure. Ibigwa bikunze kubaho iyo umuriro uri kuzamuka, rimwe na rimwe mbere yuko uzi ko umwana wawe arwaye. Shyira imbaraga mu kuvura umuriro kugira ngo umwana wawe ameze neza aho kugira ngo ukumire ikigwa.

Q4: Ese kugira ibigwa by’ihumure bisobanura ko umwana wanjye azagira indwara y’ikigwa?

Abana benshi bagira ibigwa by’ihumure ntibagira indwara y’ikigwa. Ibyago ni byinshi kurusha ubusanzwe (hafi 2-5% ugereranije na 1% mu baturage muri rusange), ariko biracyari bike. Ibigwa byoroshye by’ihumure ntibigira ibyago byinshi byo kugira indwara y’ikigwa mu gihe kizaza.

Q5: Ese nashobora kohereza umwana wanjye ku ishuri cyangwa mu kigo cy’abana nyuma y’ikigwa cy’ihumure?

Umwana wawe ashobora gusubira mu bikorwa bisanzwe, harimo ishuri cyangwa kigo cy’abana, iyo adafite umuriro mu masaha 24 kandi ameze neza. Menyesha abarezi n’abarimu ku bigwa kugira ngo bamenye amateka y’ubuzima bw’umwana wawe kandi bashobore gusubiza neza niba bibaye ngombwa.